Public Opinion Survey of Tunisians. November 23 December 3, 2017

Transcription

1 Public Opinion Survey of Tunisians November 23 December 3, 2017

2 Detailed Methodology The survey was conducted on behalf of the Center for Insights in Survey Research by Tunisian owned and operated marketing research firm ELKA Consulting under the supervision of Chesapeake Beach Consulting. Data was collected from November 23 to December 3, 2017 through face-to-face interviews by trained professional interviewers in Arabic. All data was collected on CAPI Solution tablets. The sample consisted of 1,202 Tunisians aged 18 and older. Interviews were selected using a multi-stage stratification proportionate to population sample distribution. Stratification was based on three stages: a proportional division among Tunisia s 24 governorates; proportional division of urban and rural categories; and proportional division by gender and age group according to the most up-to-date data from Tunisia s National Statistics Institute collected in The sample was then postweighted to make it proportionate to national representation by province. Each governorate was divided into territorial sections or districts. In each territorial section, at least one point of survey was selected with the overall number of points determined by population density. In each point of survey, interviewers conducted no more than 10 interviews. Points of survey were distributed proportionally between rural and urban areas in every governorate and in every geographical section of the governorate. The Kish method was used to select respondents 18 years and older within randomly selected households. The left-hand method was used to select every third household in localities selected through an area probability sample. Following the field work, the data was weighted by gender and age to reflect actual population figures. The overall margin of error is plus or minus 2.88 percent at the midrange of the 95 percent confidence level. The information in this report has been compiled in accordance with international standards for market and social research methodologies. Figures in charts and tables may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding. 2

3 Political and Economic Indicators 3

4 Thinking about how things are going for Tunisia as a whole, how would you say things are going in our country overall these days? Are they going in the right direction or the wrong direction? 100% 90% 80% 70% % 6 68% % 48% 50% % 4 30% 20% 10% 0% 30% 3 30% 28% 2 26% 19% 19% 16% % 6% 6% Oct-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Aug-12 Jan-13 Jun-13 Oct-13 Feb-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Jun-15 Nov-15 May-16 Dec-16 Apr-17 Nov-17 Right direction Wrong direction Don't know/refused to answer 4

5 What, in your opinion, is the SINGLE biggest problem facing Tunisia as a whole? (Asked as a pre-coded open-ended question) Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 May-16 Nov-15 June-15 Economic and financial crisis 4 30% Unemployment % % Terrorism 10% 6% % Corruption 9% 10% Domestic political conflicts and tensions Violence, delinquency and vandalism* Security 6% International conflicts and tensions < < 0% 0% Local elections < < < < 0% 0% Strikes and sit-ins < Other 6% Don t know/refused to answer < * Violence, delinquency and vandalism were not included in any prior surveys. 5

6 What, in your opinion, is the biggest problem in your community? Economic problems (unemployment, high prices, poverty, low pay) Environmental problems (cleanliness, pollution, loss of natural resources) Poor infrastructure Corruption Security (crime, terrorism, peace and order) Inadequate social services (education, healthcare, leisure/recreation) Lack of local authority Lack of political will to make reforms Other Don't know/refused to answer 8% % 4 46% 4 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 6

7 How would you describe the current economic situation in Tunisia: is it very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad? Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 < 10% < 1 < 10% < % 26% 38% 68% May Nov-15 0% 1 26% 60% Jun % Sep-14 18% 19% 60% Jun % Feb-14 Oct-13 16% 28% 2 28% 5 40% Jun-13 18% 29% 5 Jan % Aug-12 26% 4 29% Apr-12 20% 3 40% Jan % 4 Sep May % Mar % 20% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/refused to answer 7

8 Thinking ahead to next year, do you expect your household s financial situation to: get much better, get somewhat better, get somewhat worse, get much worse or stay the same? Nov-17 6% % 1 9% Aug-17 6% 29% 26% 20% 1 Apr-17 26% 1 30% 18% 9% Dec-16 39% 6% 29% 1 6% May-16 6% Nov-15 28% 10% 36% 1 Jun-15 8% % 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Get much better Get somewhat better Stay the same Get somewhat worse Get much worse Don't know/refused to answer 8

9 Please tell us which answer best describes your current economic situation: 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 49% 48% % 2 28% % 20% 56% % 48% 5 46% 4 46% 38% % 29% 28% % 26% % 19% % 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 0% 0% Mar-11 May-11 Sep-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Aug-12 Jan-13 Jun-13 Oct-13 Feb-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Jun-15 Nov-15 May-16 Dec-16 Apr-17 Nov % 18% % I am able to afford things like new clothes and eating out and also support other members of my family who are not able to do these things I am able to afford things like new clothes and eating at restaurants but not often I have enough means for survival, but I do not have enough money for extra things I have trouble feeding myself and my family and buying even the most essential things for survival Don't know/refused to answer 9

10 If you could have only one or the other, which is more important to you: a democratic system of government or a prosperous economy? Democracy is definitely more important to me % % Democracy is somewhat more important to me 10% 6% 9% 6% 8% 8% Prosperity is somewhat more important to me % 46% 56% Prosperity is definitely more important to me 8% 18% % 50% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 May-16 Nov-15 10

11 Thinking about Tunisia s current political system, do you believe Tunisia is a: Nov-17 9% 1 39% 3 Apr-17 20% 30% 38% Dec % May Nov Jun-15 10% 19% 3 29% 8% Sep-14 9% 1 29% 38% Jun % 39% Feb-14 8% 26% 40% 20% Oct % 3 Jun % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Full democracy Nearly full democracy Flawed democracy Not a democracy at all Don't know/refused to answer 11

12 Government Performance 12

13 How would you rate the performance of the government: is it very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad, or very bad? Nov-17 36% 2 3 Apr-17 26% 2 4 Dec-16 38% 30% 2 6% May % Nov % Jun % 2 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/refused to answer 13

14 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following Preventing violence against women % 1 Keeping the country safe from terrorism 2 49% 9% 1 Fighting corruption 16% 38% 18% 2 Encouraging investment in Tunisia's economy % 26% 1 Providing young people with small loans to start small businesses 1 30% % Creating jobs 8% 26% 2 40% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/refused to answer 14

15 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following: Preventing violence against women Very good 1 3 Somewhat good 4 50% Somewhat bad 10% 1 Very bad 1 16% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Nov-17 Apr-17 15

16 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following: Keeping the country safe from terrorism Very good 10% 1 2 Somewhat good 49% 5 5 Somewhat bad 9% 18% 1 Very bad % Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 16

17 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following: Fighting corruption Very good 6% 16% Somewhat good % Somewhat bad 18% 26% 28% Very bad 2 30% 3 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 17

18 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following: Encouraging investment in Tunisia s economy Very good 8% 1 Somewhat good 30% 3 4 Somewhat bad 16% 2 2 Very bad 20% 26% 3 Don't know/refused to answer 6% 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 18

19 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job on the following: Providing young people with small loans to start small businesses Very good 9% 1 Somewhat good 30% 3 3 Somewhat bad % Very bad 26% 3 30% Don't know/refused to answer 9% 10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 19

20 Is the national government doing a very good, somewhat good, somewhat bad or very bad job of the following: Creating jobs Very good 8% 6% Somewhat good 26% 26% 28% Somewhat bad 2 28% 3 Very bad 30% 40% 3 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 20

21 Would you say that the national level of government does an excellent job, a good job, a fair job, not too good of a job or not a good job at all of communicating with the public about the job functions of their office and the projects they are working on? An excellent job A good job 16% 19% A fair job 3 3 Not too good of a job 16% 2 Not a good job at all 2 26% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Nov-17 Apr-17 21

22 Would you say that your local government does a very good job, a good job, a fair job, a poor job or a very poor job in delivering services to you and your community? A very good job A good job 1 18% A fair job 2 30% A poor job 1 2 A very poor job 30% 30% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Nov-17 Apr-17 22

23 In general, are the following institutions doing a lot, enough, little or nothing at all to address the needs of people like you? Ministries 6% 1 6 6% Parliament 6% 1 7 6% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% A lot Enough Little Nothing Don't know/refused to answer 23

24 In general, are members of parliament doing a lot, enough, a little, or nothing to address the needs of people like you? Nov-17 6% 1 7 6% Apr % 66% Dec-16 10% 20% 6 May-16 9% 1 69% Nov Jun-15 16% 1 59% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% A lot Enough Little Nothing Don't know/refused to answer 24

25 In general, are ministries doing a lot, enough, a little, or nothing to address the needs of people like you? Nov-17 6% 1 6 6% Apr-17 10% 20% 6 Dec-16 10% 28% 5 May % 5 Nov-15 16% 2 5 Jun-15 18% 2 5 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% A lot Enough A little Nothing Don't know/refused to answer 25

26 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very unsatisfied. 1= Very Satisfied = Very Unsatisfied Don t know/ Refused to answer Public security % 1 Public transportation 28% 2 1 8% 26% Water supply 2 18% 16% 9% 3 Electricity 2 18% 1 9% 3 Education 2 18% 18% 10% 29% Waste management 16% 1 1 8% 4 Healthcare 16% 18% 18% 10% 3 Social services % 1 38% 6% Environmental protection Transportation infrastructure % 46% % 58% 26

27 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Public security November % 1 April-17 28% 2 16% 8% 20% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 27

28 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Public transportation November-17 28% 2 1 8% 26% April % 29% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 28

29 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Water supply November % 16% 9% 3 April % 1 10% 2 0% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 29

30 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Electricity November % 1 9% 3 April % 28% 0% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 30

31 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Education November % 18% 10% 29% April-17 19% 2 19% 1 2 < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 31

32 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Waste management November-17 16% 1 1 8% 4 April < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 32

33 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Healthcare November-17 16% 18% 18% 10% 3 April % 18% 1 3 < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 33

34 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Social services November % 1 38% 6% April-17 10% 1 19% 16% 38% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 34

35 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Environmental protection November % 46% April < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 35

36 For the following services, please rate from 1 to 5 how satisfied you are, with 1 being very satisfied and 5 being very dissatisfied. Transportation infrastructure November % 58% April-17 10% < 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1-Very satisfied 2-Somewhat satisfied 3-Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 4-Somewhat dissatisfied 5-Very dissatisfied Don't know/refused to answer 36

37 I m going to read you a list of government bodies. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or unfavorable opinion of that government body. National Anti-Corruption Authority (INLUCC) 49% 2 10% 1 Truth and Dignity Comission (IVD) % 20% High Independent Authority of the Audiovisual Commission (HAICA) 2 2 8% 20% 2 Independent High Authority for Elections (ISIE) 3 2 6% 1 2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Favorable Somewhat favorable Somewhat unfavorable Unfavorable Don't know/refused to answer 37

38 Policy 38

39 What, among the following, should be the top priority for the government? Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 May-16 Nov-15 Employment 29% % Living standards 18% % Corruption and transparency 9% 8% 1 6% Economic development and reform 9% Youth employment/opportunities for youth* 8% 9% 10% Security 1 18% Winning the war on terrorism* 6% 6% Improving public services (health care, education, infrastructure)* Social reforms 6% 6% Development of southern and interior regions* Improving service delivery (trash, roads, mail, etc.) Organizing local elections* Don t know/refused to answer * Improving public services, Winning the war on terrorism and Youth employment/opportunities for youth were not offered as responses in May 2016 or November Development of southern and interior regions and Organizing local elections were not options in November

40 What specific government policies should be enacted in order to provide more resources for the government to address this priority area? Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 May-16 Nov-15 Reduce corruption 39% 40% 38% 40% 3 Promote small business, entrepreneurship and expansion of private sector Reduce wasteful and unnecessary government spending 20% 19% 2 20% 16% 9% 9% 10% 10% 10% Make the government smaller* 8% 6% Reduce subsidies on everyday items like bread, tomato paste and fuel 1 6% Improve tax collection 6% 6% 1 Seek additional loans from foreign governments and banks Raise taxes Reduce the salaries of government employees* 0% 8% 6% Other Don t know/refused to answer 6% * Make the government smaller was not an option in November Reduce the salaries of government employees was not an option in this survey or in the April 2017 survey. 40

41 Which of the following statements best matches your own opinion of the role that religion should play in government and law making? 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 5 50% 46% % % 20% 19% 20% 20% 20% 18% % 20% 18% % % 1 8% 8% 8% 9% 6% Feb-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Jun-15 Nov-15 May-16 Dec-16 Apr-17 Nov-17 Religion should be completely absent from government decision making Religious views should not provide a source of justification for a policy or law The principles of Islam should be one consideration but not the only consideration when making policy or law Islamic texts should form the foundations of all policy and lawmaking Don't know/refused to answer 41

42 What is the main challenge to women s political participation in Tunisia today? Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Lack of opportunity % Lack of money 1 8% 6% Cultural traditions 1 16% 19% Lack of education 10% 6% Security fears 9% Family resistance 9% Lack of desire to participate 6% Lack of training and coaching 6% 6% Islamic law Lack of support* < There are no challenges to women s participation 8% 1 1 All of the above 6% 9% Don t know/refused to answer 8% 1 * Lack of support was not an option in November 2017 or April

43 Do you believe that the government is promoting policies and programs to support the rights of women? Nov % Apr-17 16% 4 20% 1 9% Dec % 16% 1 8% May % 1 9% Nov-15 28% 40% 18% 8% Jun-15 29% % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Absolutely yes Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 43

44 On National Women s Day in August, President Beji Caid Essebsi called for amending Tunisia s inheritance law to guarantee that sons and daughters receive equal inheritance. Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this proposal? Strongly support 2 Somewhat support 6% Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose 6 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 44

45 On National Women s Day in August, President Beji Caid Essebsi called for amending Tunisia s inheritance law to guarantee that sons and daughters receive equal inheritance. Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this proposal? (Disaggregated by gender) Strongly support 16% 3 Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Women Men Strongly oppose 5 7 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 45

46 President Beji Caid Essebsi recently announced that he was repealing the decree banning Tunisian women from marrying non-muslim men. Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this decision? Strongly support 18% Somewhat support Somewhat oppose 8% Strongly oppose 6 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 46

47 President Beji Caid Essebsi recently announced that he was repealing the decree banning Tunisian women from marrying non-muslim men. Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this decision? Strongly support 19% 18% Somewhat support 8% Somewhat oppose 8% Women Men Strongly oppose 6 6 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 47

48 How familiar are you with the law countering violence against women that the Assembly of the Representatives of the People passed on July 26? Are you very familiar, somewhat familiar, somewhat unfamiliar or very unfamiliar with the law? Very familiar 1 Somewhat familiar 30% Somewhat unfamiliar 6% Very unfamiliar 49% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 48

49 Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose the law countering violence against women? Strongly support 66% Somewhat support 1 Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose 8% Don't know/refused to answer 10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 49

50 What should the government s first priority be regarding Tunisian youth? Employment Educational reform Institute reforms to make it easier to youth to start businesses Encourage youth participation in public life Encourage youth participation in political life Address youth health and psychological issues Don't know/refused to answer 8% 9% 8% 9% 1 18% 6 70% 66% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 50

51 What is the main challenge to young people s political participation in Tunisia today? Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Lack of hope % Lack of money Lack of opportunity Lack of training and coaching 1 9% 10% Lack of education 8% Lack of desire to participate 6% Security fears There are no challenges facing youth participation Family resistance < Lack of support* 1 All of the above 9% 10% 1 Don t know/refused to answer 8% * Lack of support was not an option in November 2017 or April

52 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Politicians do not pay attention to the needs and ideas of young people. Nov Apr % Dec May-16 70% 26% Nov % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Agree Disagree Don't know/refused to answer 52

53 Do you believe that the government is promoting policies and programs that help youth succeed? Nov % Apr % 3 6% Dec-16 6% 30% 28% 3 May-16 10% 30% 2 3 Nov Jun-15 18% 28% 16% 28% 10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Absolutely yes Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 53

54 Decentralization and Local Elections 54

55 One of the provisions of the constitution adopted in 2014 was a decentralization of government, meaning that the national government would transfer certain powers and duties to local governments so that government was closer to the citizens it is meant to serve. How knowledgeable are you about this decentralization process? Very knowledgeable 10% Somewhat knowledgeable 8% 1 Not very knowledgeable 9% 16% Not knowledgeable at all 5 69% Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Nov-17 Apr-17 55

56 The 2014 constitution says that the municipal and regional governments will be elected by citizens and will have the authority to choose how funds are spent in their region. Do you think that democratically-elected municipal and regional councils with the power to decide how money is spent in their region will lead to: Better services 28% 4 8% 1 Better communication between government and citizens 26% 4 9% 1 8% Less corruption 2 39% 1 1 Economic improvement % 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, absolutely Mainly, yes Mainly, no Not at all Don't know/refused 56

57 The 2014 constitution says that the municipal and regional governments will be elected by citizens and will have the authority to choose how funds are spent in their region. Do you think that democratically-elected municipal and regional councils with the power to decide how money is spent in their region will lead to: Better services November-17 28% 4 8% 1 August % 1 1 6% April % 19% 2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, absolutely Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 57

58 The 2014 constitution says that the municipal and regional governments will be elected by citizens and will have the authority to choose how funds are spent in their region. Do you think that democratically-elected municipal and regional councils with the power to decide how money is spent in their region will lead to: Better communication between government and citizens November-17 26% 4 9% 1 8% April % 20% 2 9% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, absolutely Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 58

59 The 2014 constitution says that the municipal and regional governments will be elected by citizens and will have the authority to choose how funds are spent in their region. Do you think that democratically-elected municipal and regional councils with the power to decide how money is spent in their region will lead to: Less corruption November % 1 1 August-17 18% % April-17 10% % 8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, absolutely Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 59

60 The 2014 constitution says that the municipal and regional governments will be elected by citizens and will have the authority to choose how funds are spent in their region. Do you think that democratically-elected municipal and regional councils with the power to decide how money is spent in their region will lead to: Economic improvement November % August % 16% 20% April % 2 8% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Yes, absolutely Mainly yes Mainly no Not at all Don't know/refused to answer 60

61 Tunisia will hold elections for the municipal council governments in the next year. How likely, if at all, are you to vote in those elections? Nov Apr-17 30% 2 9% 3 6% Dec-16* 38% 20% 3 May-16* 4 20% 29% Nov-15* 4 2 6% 2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Very likely Somewhat likely Somewhat unlikely Very unlikely Don't know/refused to answer *From December 2016 November 2015, this question was phrased: Tunisia will hold elections for municipal council and regional government in the next year. How likely, if at all, are you to vote in those elections? 61

62 For people like me, voting Gives me some say about how government runs things 3 40% Doesn't really affect how the government runs things, but I still believe it's important to vote 2 26% Doesn't really affect how the government runs things, so for me, it's not really important to vote 29% 3 Don't know/refused to answer 9% Nov-17 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Apr-17 62

63 Ordinary citizens Can do a lot to influence government, if they make the effort 6 68% Cannot do much to influence the government 28% 28% Don't know/refused to answer Nov-17 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Apr-17 63

64 Regarding the municipal elections, are you: currently registered to vote, not registered but plan to register, not registered and do not plan to register or ineligible to register? Currently registered to vote 4 Not registered yet but plan to register 20% Not registered and do not plan to register 28% Ineligible to register Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 64

65 If municipal elections were held tomorrow, which party would you vote for? (Asked as a pre-coded open-ended question) Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Nidaa Tounes 1 6% 1 Ennahda 9% Jebha Chaabia Tayar Democratie Afek Tounes < Tayar Al-Mahaba < < Al-Irada < UPL Mashroua Tounes < Tounes Awalan < 0% Not a party in Apr-17 Not a party in Dec-16 Other 1 No one 1 Don t know/refused to answer % 48% 65

66 If you had a choice among the following parties and municipal elections were held tomorrow, which party would you vote for? Nidaa Tounes 19% Ennahda Jebha Chaabia Tayar Democratie 6% 8% Tayar el-mahaba Afek Tounes Mashroua Tounes Union Patriotique Libre (UPL) Tounes Awalan Al-Irada Al Badil Ettouonsi Other Don't know/refused to 4 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 66

67 Thinking about the upcoming municipal elections, are you more likely to vote for the party regardless of who the individual candidates are or are you more likely to vote for the individual candidates regardless of which party they represent? Nov % 1 Apr % 3 Dec % 2 May % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Party Candidate Don't know/refused to answer 67

68 If there are two candidates running for office and they have the same qualifications aside from the fact that one is a man and one is a woman, which candidate are you more likely to support? Nov May-16 20% 4 3 Nov-15 16% 4 36% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Man Woman Makes no difference to me Don't know/refused to answer 68

69 Thinking about the upcoming municipal elections, which possible characteristic of a political party is more important to you: that the party has strong leaders or the party has a clear platform? Strong leaders are definitely more important to me 19% Strong leaders are somewhat more important to me 8% A clear platform is somewhat more important to me 1 A clear platform is definitely more important to me 49% Don't know/refused to answer 6% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 69

70 How important is it to you that the upcoming municipal elections are held as planned in March 2018? Very important 6 Somewhat important 1 Somewhat unimportant Completely unimportant 1 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 70

71 Corruption 72

72 In your dealings with the government, how important are personal contacts and/or relationship to get things done? Are they very important, somewhat important, somewhat unimportant or very unimportant? Very important 5 Somewhat important 16% Somewhat unimportant 10% Very unimportant 1 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 72

73 How much do you follow news about corruption in Tunisia? Do you follow it a great deal, a lot, somewhat, a little or not at all? A great deal 3 A lot 1 Somewhat 30% A little 8% Not at all 20% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 73

74 In the spring of this year, Prime Minister Chahed announced that he was pursuing a war against corruption. How satisfied are you with the government s war against corruption so far? Are you very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, somewhat dissatisfied or very dissatisfied? Very satisfied 29% Somewhat satisfied 26% Somewhat dissatisfied 1 Very dissatisfied 2 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 74

75 If somewhat satisfied or very satisfied with the government s war against corruption, why do you feel that way? (n=663; open-ended) The government is reducing corruption in the country 2 Satisfied with the efforts carried out by the government to fight corruption [Prime Minister] Chahed took the first step but he must continue Concrete results have been achieved and corruption has decreased It is a good initiative Fighting corruption contributes to improvement in the country's situation He punished the corrupt people It contributes to improvement in the country's economic situation It achieves justive It gives us hope Other < Don't know/refused to answer 18% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 75

76 If somewhat dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with the government s war against corruption, why do you feel that way? (n=451; open-ended) There is no result 4 He is not serious in the fight against corruption 19% Corruption still exists 9% More effort is required The government is corrupt Lack of transparency I don t trust them The most corrupt have not been touched Other Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 76

77 How familiar are you with the Administrative Reconciliation Law that the Assembly of the Representatives of the People passed on September 13? Are you very familiar, somewhat familiar, somewhat unfamiliar or very unfamiliar with the law? Very familiar Somewhat familiar 1 Somewhat unfamiliar Very unfamiliar 70% Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 77

78 The Administrative Reconciliation Law states that amnesty would be provided to public servants who committed corruption offenses between 1955 and 2011, provided that those officials only did so while obeying orders from superiors and derived no personal benefit from the offenses. Would you say that you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this proposal? Strongly support 2 Somewhat support 20% Somewhat oppose 9% Strongly oppose 4 Don't know/refused to answer 6% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 78

79 If one of Tunisia s political parties were to adopt the platform of Manich Msamah, a protest movement that opposes the Administrative Reconciliation Law, would that make you much more likely, somewhat more likely, somewhat less likely or much less likely to vote for that political party in the upcoming municipal elections? Much more likely 18% Somewhat more likely 2 Somewhat less likely 1 Much less likely 30% Don't know/refused to answer 18% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% *The Administrative Reconciliation Law states that amnesty would be provided to public servants who committed corruption offenses between 1955 and 2011, provided that those officials only did so while obeying orders from superiors and derived no personal benefit from the offenses. 79

80 Politics 80

81 Prime Minister Chahed announced a government reshuffle in September. How knowledgeable are you about the reshuffle and the composition of the new government? Very knowledgeable 1 Somewhat knowledgeable 2 Not very knowledgeable 6% Not knowledgeable at all 5 Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 81

82 Do you think the reshuffle will lead to much better government performance, somewhat better government performance, no change in the government s performance, somewhat worse government performance, or much worse government performance? Much better Somewhat better 2 No change 39% Somewhat worse Much worse Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 82

83 Do you believe that in general, government reshuffles in Tunisia result in much better government performance, somewhat better government performance, no change in the government s performance, somewhat worse government performance or much worse government performance? Much better 9% Somewhat better 2 No change 4 Somewhat worse Much worse 6% Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 83

84 The recent government reshuffle brought in four new ministers and one new secretary of state, all of whom had previously served under the Ben Ali regime, into the government. Do you strongly support, somewhat support, somewhat oppose or strongly oppose this decision? Strongly support 2 Somewhat support 2 Somewhat oppose 9% Strongly oppose 30% Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 84

85 In your opinion, who is the most important female opinion leader in Tunisia? (Asked as a pre-coded open-ended question) Samia Abbou 2 Mehrzia Labidi Sihem Bensedrine Radhia Nasrawi Wided Bouchamoui Neziha Labidi Maya Jribi Abir Moussi Maya Ksouri Majdouline Cherni Other Don't know/refused to answer 5 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 85

86 I m going to read you a list of national figures that represent political organizations. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or unfavorable opinion of that individual. Samia Abbou 38% 18% 18% 2 Prime Minister Youssef Chahed % 1 President Beji Caid Essebsi 18% 2 4 6% Mohamed Abbou 18% 18% 2 3 Hama Hammami 16% 18% 48% 1 Mehdi Jomaa Moncef Marzouki 1 20% 6% 49% 1 Sihem Bensedrine % Noureddine Taboubi 10% Hechmi Hamdi 8% 1 56% 2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Favorable Somewhat favorable Somewhat unfavorable Unfavorable Don't know/refused to answer 86

87 I m going to read you a list of national figures that represent political organizations. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or unfavorable opinion of that individual. Slim Riahi 8% 1 56% 20% Wided Bouchamoui 8% Rached Ghannouchi % Yassine Brahim 1 29% 48% Mohsen Marzouk 6% Selma Elloumi 2 6 Hafedh Caid Essebsi 9% 5 2 Ridha Belhaj 8% 3 5 Wafa Maklouf 19% 7 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Favorable Somewhat favorable Somewhat unfavorable Unfavorable Don't know/refused to answer 87

88 I m going to read you a list of national figures who represent political organizations. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable or unfavorable opinion of that individual. Prime Minister Youssef Chahed Favorable 10% 16% 2 3 Somewhat favorable 20% 2 28% 3 Somewhat unfavorable 8% Unfavorable 18% 26% 36% 4 Don't know/refused to answer 1 19% 1 2 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 88

89 I m going to read you a list of national figures who represent political organizations. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable or unfavorable opinion of that individual. President Beji Caid Essebsi Favorable Somewhat favorable 18% % 18% 2 26% Somewhat unfavorable 9% Unfavorable 40% 4 49% 5 Don't know/refused to answer 6% 10% 16% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 89

90 I m going to read you a list of political organizations. For each, please tell me if you have a favorable, somewhat favorable, somewhat unfavorable or unfavorable opinion of that organization. UGTT 20% 20% 2 3 Nidaa Tounes Jebha Chaabia 1 16% 6% 4 2 UTICA 10% 1 29% 4 Ennahda 8% 1 6% 59% 1 Tayar Democratie 16% 3 39% Mashroua Tounes 1 36% 4 Afek Tounes 19% 3 3 Union Patriotique Libre (UPL) Tounes Awalan 6% 8% 30% 5 Tayar el-mahaba Tounes al-irada Al-Badil Ettounsi 6% 3 5 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Favorable Somewhat favorable Somewhat unfavorable Unfavorable Don't know/refused to answer 90

91 Which political party do you think is the best to: Fight corruption Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Nidaa Tounes 19% 10% 1 1 Jebha Chaabia 10% 6% Ennahda 9% 8% 8% Tayar Democratie UPL Afek Tounes Mashroua Tounes Tayar Al-Mahaba Tounes Awalan Not a response choice in Aug-17 Not a party in Apr-17 Not a party in Dec-16 Al-Irada Al-Badil Ettounsi < 0% Not a party in Dec-16 Other < No one % 48% Don t know/refused to answer 16% 20%

92 Which political party do you think is the best to: Help the national economy of Tunisia grow Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Nidaa Tounes 18% 10% 1 18% Jebha Chaabia Ennahda 6% 8% Tayar Democratie Mashroua Tounes Afek Tounes < Tayar Al-Mahaba UPL Tounes Awalan Not a response choice in Aug-17 Not a party in Apr-17 Not a party in Dec-16 Al-Irada Al-Badil Ettounsi < Not a party in Dec-16 Other < < No one 26% 5 48% 4 Don t know/refused to answer % 92

93 Which political party do you think is the best to: Fight terrorism Nov-17 Aug-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 Nidaa Tounes % Jebha Chaabia Ennahda 6% 6% 6% Tayar Democratie Afek Tounes < Tayar Al-Mahaba UPL Al-Irada Tounes Awalan Not a response choice in Aug-17 Not a party in Apr-17 Not a party in Dec-16 Mashroua Tounes Al-Badil Ettounsi 0% Not a party in Dec-16 Other < No one % 4 Don t know/refused to answer % 93

94 In your opinion, what are the top three actions that a Tunisian political party could hypothetically take that would increase your trust in that political party? (Asked as a pre-coded open ended question) Employment 3 Conduct charity or community service work in my community 2 Go door to door in my community to meet with citizens 16% Fight against corruption 1 Improve living standards 1 Hold public forums in my community Prominent political party leaders, such as the president of the political party, publicly release their tax filings or declare their assets 6% Other 19% Don't know/refused to answer 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 94

95 Miscellaneous 95

96 Some people say that it is okay for Tunisian citizens to participate in violent conflicts in other Muslim countries. Other people say that Tunisia has enough problems on its own and that Tunisians should stay out of the affairs of other Muslim countries in violent conflict. Which of these two views is closest to your own? Tunisians should participate in conflicts in other Muslim countries 9% 1 Tunisians should stay out of the affairs of other Muslim countries Don't know/refused to answer 10% 1 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Nov-17 Apr-17 Dec-16 96

97 Some people say that it is okay for Tunisian citizens to participate in violent conflicts in other Muslim countries. Why do you feel that way? (N=60/Asked as a pre-coded open ended question) Common interest Support Muslims and Islam 18% 18% To help them To be united 8% Find solutions Support only Palestine Financial support Support only neighboring countries Other 8% Don't know/refused to answer 26% 0% 10% 20% 30% 97

98 Other people say that Tunisia has enough problems on its own and that Tunisians should stay out of the affairs of other Muslim countries in violent conflict. Why do you feel that way? (N=1,106/Asked as a pre-coded open ended question) We have our own problems to solve 26% Our country needs us 1 To stay away from problems 1 It's not our business 10% Each country must solve its own problems They are going to die 6% 6% It's forbidden for a Muslim to kill Muslims It will bring terrorists to Tunisia It will negatively affect Tunisia Violence is bad We don t have the power to solve their problems We must avoid political crisis Other Don't know/refused to answer 0% 10% 20% 30% 98

99 Some people in Tunisia are concerned about individuals fighting in violent conflicts abroad returning to Tunisia. What do you think the Tunisian government should do about these individuals when they attempt to return to Tunisia? (Asked as a pre-coded open ended question) Let them rejoin society and rehabilitate them Prison Put them on trial Deport them Administrative probation Capital punishment Interrogate them Accept them Other Don't know/refused to answer < % % 1 2 8% 6% 6% 6% 9% 1 0% 10% 20% 30% Nov-17 Apr-17 99

100 Demographics 100

101 Demographics GENDER Male Female 48% % AGE % Never went to school 1 Primary school 3 EDUCATION Secondary school Professional training 38% University completed 10% Graduate degree HOME OWNERSHIP Yes No 2 78% Under 200 Dinars 18% 201 to 500 Dinars 3 HOUSEHOLD INCOME (MONTHLY) 501 to 1,000 Dinars 1,001 to 1,500 Dinars 1,501 to 2,500 Dinars 10% 2 More than 2,500 Dinars < Don't know/refused to answer 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 101

102 Demographics Arabic 9 French 6 LANGUAGES READ English 3 Other 1 INTERNET ACCESS Yes 5 No 49% Mobile phone 6 LOCATION OF INTERNET ACCESS (N=609) Home Work 30% Other 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 102

103 Center for Insights in Survey Research