EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS AND MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE

Transcription

1 EMPLOYMENT AND EARNINGS AND MONTHLY REPORT ON THE LABOR FORCE JOSEPH M. FINERTY, EDITOR JOHN E. BREGGER, ASSOCIATE EDITOR CONTENTS Page Employment and unemployment developments, 2 Charts 4 Monthly statistical tables 5 Technical note 0

2 Employment and Unemployment Developments, Nonfarm payroll employment advanced moderately in > while unemployment showed its usual April decline. Employment on nonfarm payrolls rose by 90,000 (seasonally adjusted) in. The increase occurred despite a 60,000 net rise in the number of workers off payrolls because of strikes, mainly in construction and manufacturing. Employment growth, rapid in late and early, has slowed considerably in the past 3 months. Monthly payroll employment increases have averaged 00,000 in the February period, in contrast to 325,000 over the SeptemberFebruary period. Therecent slowing down has occurred mainly in the goodsproducing sector; employment in the service sector has continued to rise, although at a less rapid pace than in the earlier period.j/ The total unemployment rate was percent in, the same as in April. Jobless rates for most major labor force groups showed little or no change over the month and remained slightly above the postkorean lows reached early in. The jobless rate for workers covered under State unemployment insurance programs edged down, returning to its alltime low of percent. Industry Employment Nonagricultural payroll employment totaled 70 million in, an increase of 420,000 from April. Most of the job growth occurred in government (45,000), trade (30,000), and miscellaneous service industries (25,000). Manufacturing employment rose by 20,000, with the gain largely concentrated in the electrical equipment industry. Employment in contract construction declined by 30,000 (seasonally adjusted) in, primarily as a result of an increase in workers on strike. Over the year, employment in the industry was up by 45,000. Hours and Earnings Average weekly hours for all rank and file workers on private nonagricultural payrolls rose slightly less than usual in. After seasonal adjustment, the average workweek was down onetenth of an hour to 37 hours. With the exception of February, when hours were affected by bad weather, the average workweek has remained virtually unchanged thus far in. The workweek in manufacturing remained at the same level (40 hours, seasonally adjusted) for the third consecutive month. The recent stability of the factory workweek has occurred at a relatively high plateau; it was onetenth of an hour above the average for and only 0 hour below the peak reached last September. Factory overtime edged up onetenth of an hour in to hours (seasonally adjusted). Average hourly earnings for rank and file employees on private payrolls rose 2 cents in to $2. Compared with, hourly earnings were up 9 cents (or 6percent). The rise to $2 marked the first time that hourly earnings exceeded the $3 m&rk. Average hourly earnings first exceeded $ just after World War II and reached $2 in 959. Average hourly earnings in ranged from $9 an hour in retail trade to $8 in contract construction. Average weekly earnings for production and nonsupervisory workers increased by $5 over the month to $5. Compared JL/ Goodsproducing industries include mining, construction, and manufacturing; serviceproducing industries include transportation and public utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate, miscellaneous services, and government.

3 with, average weekly earnings were up by $66 (or 6.4 percent). All industry divisions except mining reported increases in average weekly earnings. Unemployment The number of unemployed persons was million in, down 250,000 over the month, about in line with the usual seasonal reduction. After seasonal adjustment, unemployment was little changed from April, after rising 220,000 in the previous 2 months. The total unemployment rate, at percent in, was unchanged over the month. Between February and April, the jobless rate had edged up from the postkorean low of percent. Unemployment rates for most major labor force groups held steady in. Jobless rates for adult men ( percent) and married men ( percent) remained at April's near record low levels. Rates for women ( percent), teenagers ( percent), and fulltime workers ( percent) also were not significantly changed in, after edging upward in the FebruaryApril period. All of the above rates were at or near levels. The nonwhite unemployment rate was 6 percent in, not significantly different from April's rate. The jobless rate for nonwhite adult women, which rose sharply in April, dropped to 5 percent in, approximating the first quarter average. For white workers, the unemployment rate was percent in, the same as in April. The State insured jobless rate edged from to percent over the month. The rate matched that of December, the lowest level since the series began in 949. Labor Force and Employment The civilian labor force, at 79.6 million in, was unchanged from April, although it usually rises substantially at this time of year. Since February, the civilian labor force has declined by nearly 300,000 (seasonally adjusted), after increasing substantially ( million) over the OctoberFebruary period. Total employment, at 77 million in, was up 200,000 from April, much less than the usual April rise. After seasonal adjustment, employment was down by 340,000. A moderate advance in agricultural employment was more than offset by a nearly halfmillion decline in nonagricultural employment. Comparability of Household and Payroll Employment Data As actually took place in, data from the household and payroll employment series sometimes differ in direction of movement as well as in size. These disparities occur because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of information, methods of collection, seasonal adjustment, and estimating procedures. Total nonagricultural employment from the household series includes selfemployed, unpaid family, and private household workers and unpaid persons with a job but not at work; these groups are excluded from the survey of nonagricultural payroll employment. In addition, the household survey counts each employed person only once, while the payroll survey counts persons in each job that they hold during the reference period. Therefore, divergent movements in the two seriesparticularly over a short time spanmay occur; when viewed over a longer period, however, both series show similar trends and thus complement one another.

4 ^ Chart. MILLIONS \ ^ ^ Tota LABOR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT 957 to date (Seasonally adjusted) Tota laborforce Civilian labor force yment ^^ / * Nonagricultural employment i i / ~ * ^ \ MILLIONS 7 M n Hill IIIIJill IIII oo Quarterly averages Monthly data Chart 2 MAJOR UNEMPLOYMENT 953 to date INDICATORS PERCENT (Seasonally adjusted) percent ic\ n 0.0 in n l\\ f Oc lahnr orce time lost IAI u Unemployment rate J; /A J all civilian^workers \\ }V Aw f \, f I V empl hmoyme ru nhlie \ ^+ lj\ marr ied rnen V \ ^ ^ ^ Quarterly averages M M M II II II I i Monthly data Series revised beginning 963 to reflect whether unemployed persons sought fullor )arttime jobs

5 Chart 3. 4 PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT IN GOODSPRODUCING INDUSTRIES 957 to date (Seasonally adjusted) MILLIONS ' "Durable y * n " NondurabU 3 goods ^^a V ^gricult jre * TT\ Cor tract construe tion Mining Quarterly averages I I I I I Mill Ml Monthly data "Includes selfemployed and unpaid family workers. Note: Data for 2 most recent months are preliminary. Chart 4. MILLIONS 6 PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT IN SERVICE PRODUCING INDUSTRIES 957 to date (Seasonally adjusted) MILLIONS 6 Whole* ;ale an i retail trade. ^* Serv I c e s, ^ ^ ** ^ ^ * Stat 3 and Deal government ^ Finarice, insuranc 3 and real estc te = =d N t=d=3 ; Federal government Transporta :ion an d publi ; utiliti JS IVI Quarterly averages iif Monthly data Note: Data for 2 most recent months are preliminary.

6 Chart 5. PERCENT lo A r! i/ \, / UNEMPLOYMENT RATES BY AGEAND SEX 953 to date A / \ /I. / r / Teenagers/ \/ A V. / T A (Seasonally adjusted) /^ \ / V/f V \ \ > ^s l\ A Iv I f ^ ITu PERCENT y If V j ' ^ x J Women 20 years and over \ Men 20 years and over ^^^^\ Q Quarterly averages in nun mi mini nun M in inn n nn Monthly data o Chart 6. MILLIONS PERCENT 80 Total unemployment TOTAL UNEMPLOYMENT BY DURATION 953 to date (Seasonally adjusted) A V ' DURATION OF UNEMPLOYMENT AS A PERCENT OF THE TOTAL MILLIONS PERCENT Quarterly averages i i i i i i i i n i I l l l l l l l l l l I l l l l l l l l l l 967 Monthly data I l l l l l l l l l l 970

7 C h a r t 7. HOURS OF WORK IN MANUFACTURING, CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION, AND TRADE 957 to date HOURS (Seasonally adjusted) H0URS V * ^* holesa e and retail trc A J ^on IV anufac kr \_ fv v on ract co istruct i v Mil MUM ( >VEK LIME HOUI(S IN MAMJFACTURINC AM/ V" *% II M i M II M llf > * «^ ^ n Quarterly averages Monthly data IMI, I l l l I I I M i l l 970 * Includes eating and drinking establishments, not previously available. Note: Data for 2 most recent months are preliminary. Chart 8. DOLLARS r / ~ AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS IN MANUFACTURING, CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION, AND TRADE 957 to date y ;^= s/ ii» Contract (;onstru :tion^ A s/ \ ^ ^Man ufactur ng ^ V* lesale cjnd retc il trade Quarterly averages s/,^ /, m, A / J I I I l l l l l l l l l l l Monthly data 970 DOLLARS * Includes eating and drinking establishments, not previously available. Note: Data for 2 most recent months are preliminary.

8 Chart 9. MILLIONS 8 EMPLOYMENT IN NONFARM OCCUPATIONS 958 to date (Seasonally adjusted quarterly averages) WHITECOLLAR WORKERS MILLIONS 8 MILLIONS 7 BLUECOLLAR AND SERVICE WORKERS MILLIONS Excludes household workers.

9 char no PERSONS AT WORK IN NONAGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES BY FULL AND PARTTIME STATUS 957 to date (Seasonally adjusted quarterly averages) MILLIONS FULLTIME SCHEDULES MILLIONS o / Fulltime workers^ " 46 MILLIONS PARTTIME SCHEDULES MILLIONS O n Workers on voluntaryv parttime schedules \ <* " /v» * /Workers on part time / for economic reasons tz S f % 2 n n

10 Chart. UNEMPLOYMENT RATES BY OCCUPATION 958 to date (Seasonally adjusted quarterly averages) Percent 6.0 / ^ ^ ^ Whitecollar workers L_ Percent 6.0 Professional and technical v ^ i Managers, officials and proprietors! I hi 8.0 Bluecollar workers A / V i \ \ A / \ Nonfarm Ic jborers /V / k v \ Opera ives \ / i A \ Craftsmen jnd forerrlen \ T~ mm Service and farm workers Service workers 6.0'

11 Chart 2. PERCENT 5 UNEMPLOYMENT RATES BY COLOR 957 to date (Seasonally adjusted quarterly averages) PERCENT 5 3 / \ / \ / V \J Nonw hites ' \ / / ^= Whites ^>^ ^. *' 0 RATIO 3 RATIO OF NONWHITE TO WHITE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE ^.i 0 RATIO 3 I i I I Chart 3. STATE INSURED UNEMPLOYMENT RATES Weekending 7, (Not seasonally adjusted) I Insured jobless under State unemployment insurance programs excludes workers w h o have e x h a u s t e d their b e n e f i t rights, n e w w o r k e r s, a n d persons from jobs not covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Source: Bureau of Employment Security

12 MONTHLY TABLES HOUSEHOLD DATA Employment Status A : Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 929 to date 5 A 2: Employment status of the noninstitutional population 6 years and over by sex, 947 to date 6 A 3: Employment status of the noninstitutional population by age, sex, and color 7 A 4: Labor force by age, sex, and color 9 A 5: Employment status of persons 62 years of age in the noninstitutional population by color and sex 2 A 6: Employment status of the noninstitutional population 6 years and over by color, age, and sex 2 A 7: Full and parttime status of the civilian labor force by age and sex 22 Characteristics of the Unemployed A 8: Unemployed persons by age and sex 23 A 9: Unemployed persons by marital status, age, sex, and color 23 A0: Unemployed persons by occupation of last job and sex 24 A: Unemployed persons by industry of last job and sex 24 A2: Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and color 25 A3: Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age. 25 A4: Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment 26 A5: Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, color, and marital status. 26 A6: Unemployed persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job.. 27 Characteristics of the Employed A7: Employed persons by age and sex 27 A8: Employed persons by occupation group, age, and sex 28 A9: Employed persons by major occupation group, color, and sex 29 A20: Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex 30 A2: Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex 3 A22: Persons at work by type of industry and hours of work 3 A23: Persons at work 34 hours by usual status and reason working parttime 32 A24: Nonagricultural workers by full or parttime status 32 A25: Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full or parttime status, age, sex, color, and marital status 33 A26: Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full or parttime status and sex 35 Characteristics of 4 and 5 Yearolds A27: Employment status of 45 yearolds by sex and color 37 A28: Employed 45 yearolds by sex, major occupation group, and class of worker Seasonally Adjusted Employment and Unemployment Data A29: Employment status of the noninstitutional population by age and sex, seasonally adjusted 38 A30: Employment status by color, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted 39 A3: Major unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted 40 A32: Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted 4 A33: Rates of unemployment by age and sex, seasonally adjusted 4 A34: Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted 42 A35: Employed persons by major occupation group, seasonally adjusted 42 Pafle

13 MONTHLY TABLES (Continued) ESTABLISHMENT DATA EmploymentNational B: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by Industry division, 99 to date 43 B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry 44 B3: Women employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry B4: Indexes of employment on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division, 99 to date, monthly data seasonally adjusted 52 B5: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted 53 B6: Production workers in industrial and construction activities, seasonally adjusted 54 EmploymentState and Area B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls for States and selected areas, by industry division 56 Hours and EarningsNational C: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, 947 to date 67 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industry 68 C3: Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government 80 C4: Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by industry 80 C5: Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, in current and dollars 8 C6: Indexes of aggregate weekly manhours and payrolls in industrial and construction activities C7: Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted 82 C8: Indexes of aggregate weekly manhours in industrial and construction activities, seasonally adjusted 83 C9: Output per manhour, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, private economy, seasonally adjusted 84 Hours and EarningsState and Area C0: Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas 85 Labor TurnoverNational D: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 958 to date 89 D2: Labor turnover rates, by industry 90 D3: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 958 to date, seasonally adjusted '95 Labor TurnoverState and Area D4: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas 96 UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE DATA E: Insured unemployment under State programs 99 E2: Insured unemployment in 50 major labor areas 00 a9e 'Quarterly data included in February,, August, and November issues. 4

14 HOUSEHOLD DATA A : Employment status of the noninstitutional population, 929 to date (In thousands) Year and month Total noninstitutional popula Total labor force Percent of popula Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Percent of labor force Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Not in labor force Persons 4 years of age and over : June July August... September. October... November.. December.. : January... February., March April *Not available. 00,380 0,520 02,60 03,660 04,630 05,530 06,520 07,608 49,440 50,080 50,680 5,250 5,840 52,490 53,40 53,740 54,320 54,950 55,600 56,80 57,530 60,380 64,560 66,040 65,300 60,970 6, ,80 49,820 50,420 5,000 5,590 52,230 52,870 53,440 54,000 54,60 55,230 55,640 55,90 56,40 55,540 54,630 53,860 57,520 60,68 47,630 45,480 42,400 38,940 38,760 40,890 42,260 44,40 46,300 44,220 45,750 47,520 50,350 53,750 54,470 53,960 52,820 55,250 57,82 0,450 0,340 0,290 0,70 0,090 9,900 0,0 0,000 9,820 9,690 9,60 9,540 9,00 9,250 9,080 8,950 8,580 8,320 8,256 37,80 35,40 32,0 28,770 28,670 30,990 32,50 34,40 36,480 34,530 36,40 37,980 4,250 44,500 45,390 45,00 44,240 46,930 49,557,550 4,340 8,020 2,060 2,830,340 0,60 9,030 7,700 0,390 9,480 8,20 5,560 2,660, ,040 2,270 2, _ Persons 6 years of age and over 44,200 43,990 42,230 39,00 38,590 40,230 45,550 45,850 03,48 04,527 05,6 06,645 07,72 08,823 0,60,67 2,732 3,8 5,065 6,363 7,88 9,759 2,343 22,98 25,54 27,224 29,236 3,80 33,39 35,562 35,249 35,440 35,639 35,839 36,036 36,22 36,420 36,69 36,802 36,940 37,43 37,337 37,549 60,94 62,080 62,903 63,858 65,7 65,730 66,560 66,993 68,072 69,409 69,729 70,275 70,92 72,42 73,03 73,442 74,57 75,830 77,78 78,893 80,793 82,272 8,770 84,454 84,550 83,792 82,37 82,477 82,702 82,68 8,7 82,579 82,770 83,37 83, ,350 60,62 6,286 62,208 62,07 62,38 63,05 63,643 65,023 66,552 66,929 67,639 68,369 69,628 70,459 70,64 7,833 73,09 74,455 75,770 77,347 78,737 78,234 80,887 80,964 80,203 78,546 78,874 79,85 79,8 78,234 79,04 79,266 79,62 79,563 57,039 58,344 57,649 58,920 59,962 60,254 6,8 60,0 62,7 63,802 64,07 63,036 64,630 65,778 65,746 66,702 67,762 69,305 7,088 72,895 74,372 75,920 75,93 77,273 77,746 77,432 75,939 76,364 76,609 76,700 75,358 76,8 76,520 77,079 77,264 7,89 7,629 7,656 7,60 6,726 6,50 6,26 6,206 6,449 6,283 5,947 5,586 5,565 5,458 5,200 4,944 4,687 4,523 4,36 3,979 3,844 3,87 3,996 4,56 4,476 4,07 3,838 3,767 3,607 3,279 3,65 3,285 3,327 3,607 3,894 49,48 50,73 49,990 5,760 53,239 53,753 54,922 53,903 54,724 57,57 58,23 57,450 59,065 60,38 60,546 6,759 63,076 64,782 66,726 68,95 70,527 72,03 7,935 72,757 73,270 73,325 72,03 72,596 73,00 73,42 72,92 72,896 73,93 73,47 73,370 2,3 2,276 3,637 3,288 2,055,883,834 3,532 2,852 2,750 2,859 4,602 3,740 3,852 4,74 3,9 4,070 3,786 3,366 2,875 2,975 2,87 2,303 3,64 3,27 2,772 2,606 2,5 2,577 2,49 2,876 2,923 2,746 2,542 2, ,477 42,447 42,708 42,787 42,604 43,093 44,04 44,678 44,660 44,402 45,336 46,088 46,960 47,67 48,32 49,539 50,583 5,394 52,058 52,288 52,527 53,29 53,479 50,986 5,088 52,047 53,900 53,744 53,78 54,00 55,09 54,36 54,373 54,200 54,464 Digitized for FRASER

15 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 2: Employment status of the noninstitutional population 6 years and over by sex, 947 to date (In thousands) Year, month, and sex MALE I o o * March April Maw.. FEMALE I * March April... Total noninstitutional population 50,968 5,439 5,922 52,352 52,788 53,248 54,248 54,706 55,22 55,547 56,082 56,640 57,32 58,44 58,826 59,626 60,627 6,556 62,473 63,35 64,36 65,345 65,99 65,738 65,829 65,9 65,968 66,063 66,5 66,24 52,450 53,088 53,689 54,293 54,933 55,575 56,353 56,965 57,60 58,264 58,983 59,723 60,569 6,65 62,57 63,355 64,527 65,668 66,763 67,829 69,003 70,27 70,050 70,683 70,790 70,890 70,972 7,08 7,86 7,309 Total labor force Number 44,258 44,729 45,097 45,446 46,063 46,46 47,3 47,275 47,488 47,94 47,964 48,26 48,405 48,870 49,93 49,395 49,835 50,387 50,946 5,560 52,398 53,030 52,646 52,678 52,745 52,364 52,673 52,832 53,063 53,39 6,683 7,35 7,806 8,42 9,054 9,34 9,429 9,78 20,584 2,495 2,765 22,49 22,56 23,272 23,838 24,047 24,736 25,443 26,232 27,333 28,395 29,242 29,24 30,024 29,873 29,347 29,906 29,938 30,074 29,946 Percent of population Civilian labor force 42,686 43,286 43,498 43,89 43,00 42,869 43,633 43,965 44,475 45,09 45,97 45,52 45,886 46,388 46,653 46,600 47,29 47,679 48,255 48,47 48,987 49,533 49,49 49,98 49,283 48,924 49,237 49,368 49,586 49,657 6,664 7,335 7,788 8,389 9,06 9,269 9,382 9,678 20,548 2,46 2,732 22,8 22,483 23,240 23,806 24,04 24,704 25,42 26,200 27,299 28,360 29,204 29,086 29,987 29,835 29,309 29,868 29,898 30,035 29,907 Employed Total 40,994 4,726 40,926 4,580 4,780 4,684 42,43 4,620 42,62 43,380 43,357 42,423 43,466 43,904 43,656 44,77 44,657 45,474 46,340 46,99 47,479 48,4 48,04 47,969 48,000 47,356 47,697 47,907 48,332 48,543 6,045 6,68 6,723 7,340 8,82 8,570 8,750 8,490 9,550 20,422 20,74 20,63 2,64 2,874 22,090 22,525 23,05 23,83 24,748 25,976 26,893 27,807 27,97 28,639 28,699 28,002 28,484 28,63 28,746 28,72 Agriculture 6,643 6,358 6,342 6,00 5,533 5,389 5,253 5,200 5,265 5,039 4,824 4,596 4,532 4,472 4,298 4,069 3,809 3,69 3,547 3,243 3,64 3,57 3,259 2,962 2,758 2,678 2,777 2,833 3,08 3,54,248,27,34,59,93,2,008,006,84,244,23 990, Nonagricultural industries 34,35 35,368 34,584 35,578 36,248 36,294 37,78 36,48 37,357 38,3*0 38,532 37,827 38,934 39,43 39,359 40,08 40,849 4,782 42,792 43,675 44,35 44,957 44,754 45,007 45,242 44,678 44,920 45,074 45,34 45,388 4,797 5,347 5,409 6,82 6,990 7,459 7,744 7,486 8,367 9,77 9,59 9,623 20,3 20,887 2,87 2,65 22,227 23,000 23,934 25,240 26,22 27,47 27,8 27,994 28,79 27,55 27,975 28,9 28,57 27,982 Number,692,559 2,572 2,239,22,85,202 2,344,854,7,84 3,098 2,420 2,486 2,997 2,423 2,472 2,205,94,55,508,49,35,229,283,568,539,46,254, ,065, ,88 998,039,08,504,320,366,77,488,598,58,452,324,468,397,69,347,36,308,384,285,288,85 Unemployed Percent of labor force Not seasonally adjusted Season ally adjusted _ Not in labor force 6,70 6,70 6,825 6,906 6,725 6,832 7,7 7,43 7,634 7,633 8,8 8,54 8,907 9,274 9,633 0;23 0,792,69,527,792,99 2,35 2,552 3,060 3,084 3,548 3,295 3,230 3,089 3,02 35,767 35,737 35,883 35,88 35,879 36,26 36,924 37,247 37,026 36,769 37,28 37,574 38,053 38,343 38,679 39,308 39,79 40,225 40,53 40,496 40,608 40,976 40,926 40,658 40,97 4,543 4,066 4,43 4, 4,362 Digitized for FRASER

16 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 3: Employment status of the noninstitutional population by age, sex, and color (In thousands) Total labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Unemployed Age, sex, and color Percent of population Total Employed Percent of labor force Keeping house Going to school MALE 6 years and over... 6 to 2 years... 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years... 53,39 6,762 3,909,646 2, ,657 5,234 3,523,62,902 48,543 4,838 3,29,44,777, ,02 4,22 3,43 2,4, ,495 3,852 3,28 2,023,95, to 64 years 20 to 24 years to 54 years 25 to 29 years to 34 years to 39 years to 44 years 45 to 49 years to 54 years... 47,036 6,952 33,036 6,278 5,384 5,30 5,63 5,567 4, ,940 5,2 3,775 5,89 5,075 5,08 5,526 5,497 4,840 43,67 4,898 3,32 5,73 5,04 4,950 5,446 5,422 4, ,907,206, ,270, to 64 years 55 to 59 years to 64 years years and over,. 65 to 69 years 70 years and over 7,047 4,63 2,884 2,94, ,043 4,59 2,884 2,94, ,947 4,03 2,844 2,57, , ,782,702 4, WHITE MALE 6 years and over... 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years... 6 and 7 years... 8 and 9 years... 47,84 5,998 3,496,493 2, ,72 4,624 3,53,47,682 43,805 4,329 2,924,324, ,532 3,487 2,860,770, ,872 3,283 2,78,699,09, to 64 years to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years to 54 years 42,30 6,2 29,736 0,398 9,847 9, ,55 4,473 28,630 9,733 9,494 9,404 38,908 4,297 28,246 9,599 9,364 9, ,37,077, , to 64 years to 59 years to 64 years years and over 6,452 3,8 2,64 2, ,448 3,807 2,64 2,008 6,365 3,762 2,603, , , NONWHITE MALE 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years... 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years... 5, , , , to 64 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years to 34 years to 44 years * 45 to 54 years 4, ,300,264, , ,45,62, , ,075,28, to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over O 69 2

17 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 3: Employment status of the noninstitutional population by age, sex, and colorcontinued (In thousands) Age, sex, and color FEMALE 30 to 34 years... WHITE FEMALE NONWHITE FEMALE 20 to 24 years 55 to 64 vears 55 to 59 years Total labor force Number 29,946 4,605 2,655,02,642 26,98 4,420 7,657 2,929 2,462 2,732 3,80 3,380 2,974 4,2 2,576,545, ,7 4,02 2, ,46 22,805 3,89 5,24 4,523 5,063 5,627 3,700 2,289,4 98 3, , , Percent of population Total 29,907 4,583 2,645,02,633 26,68 4,40 7,645 2,925 2,460 2,729 3,78 3,379 2,973 4,2 2,576,545, ,35 4,083 2, ,453 22,778 3,875 5,203 4,57 5,060 5,626 3,700 2,289,4 98 3, , , Civilian h Employed 28,72 4,29 2, ,439 25,33 4,70 7,099 2,794 2,388 2,640 3,082 3,284 2,9 4,045 2,525,520, ,202 3,742 2,33 822,3 22,00 3,696 4,766 4,359 4,92 5,495 3,638 2,248, , , , ibor force Unemployed Number, Percent of labor force , Total 4,362 6,054 4,499 2,656,844 27,37 3,666 8,332 3,699 3,2 2,936 2,990 2,848 2,648 5,39 2,52 2,799 9,546 2,940 6,606 37,292 5,5 3,779 2,238,54 24,684 3,8 6,626 6,267 5,352 5,007 4,877 2,32 2,556 8,829 4, , , Not Keeping house 34,529, ,436 2,732 7,703 3,577 3,32 2,849 2,882 2,79 2,544 5,00 2,379 2,622 8,336 2,73 5,605 3,502, ,38 2,396 6,33 6,08 5,99 4,825 4,609 2,98 2,4 7,767 3, , , C in labor force Going to school 4,540 4,67 3,60 2,370, ,880 3,577 3,082 2,09, _.. Unable to work Other reasons, , Digitized for FRASER

18 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 4: Labor force by age, sex, and color Total labor force Civilian labor force Age, sex, and color Thousands of persons Participation rate Thousands of persons Partici nation rate MALE 6 years and over 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years to 64 years 55 to 59 years to 64 years 53,39 3,909,646 2,263 6,952 33,036,662 0,94 0,433 7,047 4,63 2,884 2,94 52,646 3,94,627 2,34 6,62 32,822,325,46 0,35 7,056 4,27 2,928 2, ,657 3,523,62,902 5,2 3,775 0,895 0,544 0,337 7,043 4,59 2,884 2,94 49,49 3,420,602,88 4,88 3,582 0,572 0,757 0,254 7,050 4,22 2,928 2, WHITE MALE 6 years and over 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years. 25 to 34 vears 45 to 54 years years and over 47,84 3,496,493 2,003 6,2 29,736 0,398 9,847 9,492 6,452 3,8 2,64 2,008 47,356 3,52,472 2,040 5,824 29,53 0,09 0,034 9,406 6,449 3,766 2,682 2, ,72 3,53,47,682 4,473 28,630 9,733 9,494 9,404 6,448 3,807 2,64 2,008 44,72 3,036,449,587 4,23 28,422 9,422 9,685 9,35 6,443 3,76 2,682 2, NONWHITE MALE 8 and 9 years 55 to da years years and over.. 5, ,300,264, ,290 43T ,29,235, , ,45,62, , ,6,50, SI

19 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 4: Labor force by age, sex, and color Continued Total labor force Civilian labor force Age, sex, and color Thousands of persons Participation.rate Thousands of persons Participation rate FEMALE 6 years and over 6 to 9 years i.. 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years, 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 29,946 2,655,02,642 4,420 7,657 5,39 5,9 6,354 4,2 2,576,545,094 29,24 2,63 96,670 4,3 7,34 5,27 5,948 6,48 4,09 2,439,580, ,907 2,645,02,633 4,40 7,645 5,385 5,907 6,353 4,2 2,576,545,094 29,086 2,620 96,659 4,6 7,302 5,20 5,945 6,47 4,09 2,439,580, WHITE FEMALE 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 26,7 2, ,46 3,89 5,24 4,523 5,063 5,627 3,700 2,289, ,324 2, ,468 3,552 4,902 4,364 5,0 5,428 3,609 2,86, ,35 2, ,453 3,875 5,203 4,57 5,060 5,626 3,700 2,289, ,289 2, ,459 3,538 4,890 4,357 5,07 5,426 3,609 2,86, NONWHITE FEMALE 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over 3, , , , , , , ,

20 2 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 5: Employment status of persons 62 years of age in the noninstitutional population by color and sex (In th<ousands) Whit, Employment status Total noninstitutional population Total labor force Percent of population Civilian labor force Employed.. Agriculture Nonagricultural industries. Unemployed Percent of labor force Looking for fulltime work. Looking for parttime work. Not in. labor force Major activity: going to school Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries.... Unemployed Percent of labor force Looking for fulltime work.... Looking for parttime work... Not in labor force Both sexes Male Female 2,542, ,87 8, , ,75 4,047 3, , ,09 0,884 6, ,234 4, , ,22 2,440 2, , ,852 0,659 4, ,583 4, , ,054,607,436 26, ,67 Both, sexes Male Female 8,702 0,00 5 8,707 8, , ,602 3,770 3, , ,860 9,485 5, ,624 4, , ,487 2,267 2,23 249, ,283 9,27 4,02 4 4,083 3, , ,5,503,356 2, ,577 Both sexes 2,840,267 4, , ,59 Male, Female, Major activity: other Civilian labor force Employed, Agriculture Nonagricultural industries.. Unemployed Percent of labor force Looking for fulltime work. Looking for parttime work. Not in labor force 5,770 5, , ,56 2,793 2, , ,977 2, , ,887 4,937 4, , ,742 2,357 2, , ,580 2, , , A 6: Employment status of the noninstitutional population 6 years and over by color, age, and sex (In thousands) Men, 20 years Women, 20 years Both sexes, Employment status and color and over and over 69 years TOTAL Total noninstitutional population. Total labor force Percent of population Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries. Unemployed... Percent of labor force Not in labor force WHITE Total noninstitutional population Total labor force Percent of population Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed Percent of labor force Not in labor force 37,549 83, ,563 77,264 3,894 73,370 2,299 54,464 22,808 73, ,847 69,007 3,47 6 5,589,84 48,824 35,249 8, ,234 75,93 3,996 7,935 2,303 53,479 20,870 72, ,46 67,624 3,467 64,58,837 48,89 58,99 49, ,34 45,324 2,786 42, ,689 52,989 44,38 8 4,559 40,88 2,458 38, ,672 58,020 48, ,729 44,886 2,95 4, ,35 52,22 43, ,37 40,439 2,546 37, ,377 64,54 27, ,262 26, , ,863 57,299 23, ,759 23, , ,53 63,043 26, ,465 25, , ,55 56,357 22, ,952 22, , ,380 4,476 6, ,68 5, , ,92 2,520 5, ,529 5, , ,640 4,86 6, ,040 5, , ,64 2,29 5, ,373 4, , ,432 NONWHITE Total noninstitutional population... Total labor force Percent of population. Civilian labor force. : Employed. Agriculture Nonagricultural industries. Unemployed Percent of labor force Not in labor force 4,74 9,0 6 8,76 8, , ,640 4,379 9, ,773 8, , ,290 5,930 4,92 8 4,574 4, ,5 32,07 5,798 4, ,592 4, , ,856 3, ,503 3, , ,350 6,686 3,56 5 3,53 3, , ,7, ,273, ,8

21 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 7: Full a n d parttime status of the civilian labor force by a g e and sex (In thousands) Fulltime labor force Parttime labor force Age and sex Total Fulltime schedules Employed Part time for economic reasons Unemployed (looking for fulltime work) Number Percent of fulltime labor force Total Employed on voluntary part timel Unemployed (looking for parttime work) Number Percent of parttime labor force TOTAL 6 to 9 years 8 and 9 years 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 67,88 5,48 2, ,095 65,238 8,208 57,030 45,035,995 64,346 4,644 2, ,727 62,30 7,592 54,78 43,24,477, , , , ,43 409, ,745 4,336 3,588 2,48,440 8,57,35 6,842 4,385 2,457,245 4,056 3,333,966,367 7,92,269 6,643 4,246 2, MALE 6 to 2 years 20 years and over to 24 years 25 to 54 years 45,34 2,784,434 43,907 4,486 39,420 3,253 8,67 43,58 2,365,60 42,42 4,5 38,270 30,378 7, ,36 2,450 2,089 2, , ,070 4,27 2,32,966 2,6 67,545 50, FEMALE 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 20 years and over. 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 22,477 2,697,46 2,33 3,72 7,60 3,782 3,828 20,766 2, ,889 3,44 6,448 2,862 3, ,429,886,499 5, ,250 3,863,387 7,8,735,367 5, ,099 3,736, Employed persons with a job, but not at work are distributed proportionately among the full and parttime employed categories.

22 HOUSEHOLD DATA A 8: Unemployed persons by age and sex Thousands of persons Unemployment rates Thousands < persons Unemployment rates 96Q Q6Q Q6ft Total, 6 years and over,4,35,85,69 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years, 25 years and over 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Household head, 6 years and over 6 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 55 years and over A 9: Unemployed persons by marital status, age, sex, and color Male Marital status, age, and color Thousands of persons Unemployment rates Thousands of persons Unemployment rates Total, 6 years and over,4,35,85,69 Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married) Total, 20 to 64 years of age Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married) White, 6 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married) White, 20 to 64 years of age Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married) , Nonwhite, 6 years and over Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married) Nonwhite, 20 to 64 years of age Married, spouse present Widowed, divorced, or separated.. Single (never married)

23 HOUSEHOLD DATA A0: Unemployed persons by occupation of last job and sex Occupation Thousands of persons Unemployment rates Male Female Total.. 2,299 2,303 Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors. Clerical workers Sales workers J, 86 Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen,.... Carpenters and other construction craftsmen.. All other Operatives Drivers and deliverymen All other Nonfarm laborers Construction laborers All other.' Service workers.... Private household... All other Farmers and farm laborers No previous work experience to 9 years 20 to 24 years, 25 years and over i Percent not shown where base is less than 00, A: Unemployed persons by industry of last job and sex Industry Percent distribution Unemployment rates Private wage and salary workers. Mining. Construction. Manufacturing Durable goods Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery Electrical equipment Motor vehicles and equipment All other transportation equipment Other durable goods industries Nondurable goods Food and kindred products Textile mill products. r. Apparel and other finished textile products. Other nondurable goods industries Transportation and public utilities Railroads and railway express Other transportation Communication and other public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate. Service industries. Professional services All other service industries..: Agricultural wage and salary workers All other classes of workers No previous work experience i Percent not shown where base is less than 00, A ,

24 HOUSEHOLD DATA A2: Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, sex, age, and color Reason for unemployment Total unemployed Male, 20 years and over Female, 20 years and over Both sexes, 6 to 9 years White Nonwhite UNEMPLOYMENT LEVEL Total unemployed, in thousands Lost last job Left last job..... Reentered labor force Never worked before 2, , , , Total unemployed, percent distribution Lost last job Left last job Reentered labor force Never worked before UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Total unemployment rate. Jobloser rate Jobleaver rate..... Reentrant rate New entrant rate * 'Unemployment rates are calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force. A3: Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment, duration, sex, and age (Percent distribution) Total unemployed Duration of unemployment Reason, sex, and age Thousands of persons Percent Less than 5 weeks 5 to 4 weeks 5 weeks and over 5 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Total, 6 years and over... Left last job Reentered labor force Never worked before 2, Male, 20 years and over Lost last job. Left last job.... Reentered labor force Never worked before Female, 20 years and over... Lost last job Left last job Reentered labor force Never worked before too.o Both sexes, 6 to 9 years... Lost last job Left last job Reentered labor force Never worked before percent not shown where base is less than 00,000.

25 HOUSEHOLD DATA A4: Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment Duration of unemployment Percent distribution Household head Percent distribution Total.. 2,299 2, Less than 5 weeks 5 to 4 weeks 5 to 0 weeks to 4 weeks 5 weeks and over 5 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over..., , Average (mean) duration A5: Unemployed persons by duration, sex, age, color, and marital status Thousands of persons Sex, age, color, and marital status Total Less than 5 weeks 5 to 4 weeks 5 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over Less than 5 weeks as a percent of unemployed in group 5 weeks and over as a percent of unemployed in group Total to 24 years 2, , Ma le, Female, White: Total Male, , Nonwhite' Total,. Male ,

26 HOUSEHOLD DATA A6: U n e m p l o y e d persons by duration, occupation, and industry of last job Occupation and industry Less than 5 weeks Thousands of persons S to 4 weeks 5 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and Less than 5 weeks as a percent of unemployed in group 9?9 5 weeks and over as a percent of unemployed in group OCCUPATION Whitecollar workers Professional and managerial Clerical workers Sales workers (2) (2) Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen.. Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers.... Agriculture Construction Manufacturing Durable goods Nondurable goods INDUSTRY : Transportation and public utilities. Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries.... Public administration (2) (2) (2) 6 (2) (2) (2) 5 (2) (2) 8 (2) (2) (2) 7 5 (2) No previous work experience Includes wage and salary workers only. Percent not shown where base is less than 00,000. A7: Employed persons by age and sex (In thousands) All industries 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Nonagricultural industries 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Agriculture 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 54 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 60 to 64 years 65 years and over Age and type of industry 77,264 5,545 2,329 3,26 9,068 48,420 5,909 6,7 6,394 0,992 6,628 4,364 3,239 73,370 5,33 2,09 3,042 8,80 46,485 5,390 5,482 5,63 0,232 6,22 4,0 2,70 3, , ,93 5,425 2,25 3,74 8,560 47,93 5,383 6,395 6,35 0,866 6,444 4,422 3,67 7,935 5,032,996 3,036 8,305 45,883 4,846 5,685 5,352 0,034 5,969 4,065 2,680 3, , ,543 3,29,44,777 4,898 3,32 0,727 0,395 0,99 6,947 4,03 2,844 2,57 45,388 2,850,29,63 4,679 29,860 0,328 9,93 9,69 6,324 3,779 2,546,675 3, , Q68 48,04 3,28,425,703 4,655 3,49 0,406 0,66 0,27 6,933 4,055 2,877 2,50 44,754 2,784,20,583 4,440 29,589 9,992 0,069 9,528 6,234 3,669 2,565,708 3, , ,72 2, ,439 4,70 7,099 5,82 5,722 6,95 4,045 2,525,520,082 27,982 2, ,4 4,3 6,625 5,062 5,569 5,994 3,908 2,442,465, Female 27,97 2, ,470 3,905 6,764 4,977 5,779 6,008 3,933 2,389,544,08 27,8 2, ,453 3,866 6,294 4,854 5,66 5,824 3^800 2,300,

27 HOUSEHOLD DATA A8: Employed persons by occupation group, age, and sex (In thousands) Occupation Total [ale, 20 years and over Female, 20 years and over Male, 69 years Female, 69 years Total 77,264 75,93 45,324 44,886 26,395 25,620 3,29 3,28 2,326 2,297 Whitecollar workers 36,679 35,426 8,986 8,433 5,804 5, ,246,235 Professional and technical Medical and other health Teachers, except college Other professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Salaried workers Selfemployed workers in retail trade Selfemployed workers.except retail trade 0,907,690 2,449 6,769 8,02 5,676,073,263 0,479,63 2,430 6,48 7,632 5,428,060,44 6, ,35 6,778 4, ,20 6, ,056 6,392 4, ,046,020,694,332, , ,684,253, Clerical workers Stenographers, typists, and secretaries... Other clerical workers 3,73 3,44 9,759 2,728 3,358 9,370 3, ,053 3,7 45 3,072 8,847 3,0 5,737 8,382 2,997 5, Sales workers Retail trade. Other sales workers Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Carpenters Construction craftsmen, except carpenters Mechanics and repairmen Metal craftsmen, except mechanics Other craftsmen and kindred workers... Foremen, not elsewhere classified 4,587 2,793,795 27,535 9, ,920 2,639,39,825,534 4,587 2,692,894 27,35 9, ,88 2,598,256,878,455 2, ,498 2,026 9,44 860,854 2,503,09,659,429 2, ,622 2,034 9, ,88 2,489,224,679,333,73, , ,64, , , , Operatives Drivers and de liverymen Other operatives Durable goods manufacturing Nondurable goods manufacturing Other industries 3,924 2,488,436 4,87 3,83 2,788 3,770 2,54,230 4,730 3,690 2,80 8,806 2,268 6,537 3,287,547,703 8,870 2,333 6,537 3,29,527,79 4, ,020,302 2, , ,888,29, Nonfarm laborers Construction Manufacturing Other industries Service workers '. Private household workers Service workers, except private household.. Protective service workers Waiters, cooks, and bartenders Other service workers Farm workers Farmers and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen Paid workers Unpaid family workers 3, ,065,776 9,433,596 7, ,36 4,792 3,67,90,707, , ,052,794 9,56,828 7, ,28 4,626 3,638,988,649, , ,20 2, , ,463 2,587, , ,99 2, , ,448 2,666, ,440,294 4,46 44,363 2, ,452,463 3,989 48,340 2,

28 HOUSEHOLD DATA A9: Employed persons by major occupation group, color, and sex (Percent distribution) Occupation group and color TOTAL Total employed (thousands) Percent 77,264 75,93 48,543 48,04 28,72 27,97 Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers Private household workers Other service workers Farm workers Farmers and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen WHITE Total employed (thousands) Percent 69,007 67,624 43,805 43, ' 25,202 24,38 Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, 'and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers.... Private household workers Other service workers Farm workers Farmers and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen., NON WHITE Total employed (thousands) Percent 8,258 8,306 4,738 4,77 3,520 3,536 Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers Private Household workers Other service workers _ Farm workers., Fanners and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen JL/Less than 0.05 percent.

29 HOUSEHOLD DATA A20: Employed persons by class of worker, age, and sex (In thousands) Nonagricultural industries Agriculture Age and sex Wage and salary workers Private household workers Self employed Unpaid family workers Wage and salary workers Self employed Unpaid family workers Total,.. 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years...,8 and 9 years to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years to 59 years 60 to 64 years years and over... 67,535 5,07 2,020 2,997 8,69 4,58 4,099 4,089 9,006 5,526 3,480 2,24, , ,396 2,620 2,587 2,773,856, ,693 4,26,582 2,634 7,20,796,283 0,965 6,775 4,69 2,605,538 5, ,247,357, , , Male 6 to 9 years... 6 and 7 years. 8 and 9 years. 20 to 24 years to 34 years to 44 years to 54 years 55 to 64 years 55 to 59 years.. 60 to 64 years.. 65 years and over. 4,340 2,779,70,608 4,56 9,780 8,928 8,579 5,446 3,270 2,75, , ,473,525,587, ,536 2,494,09,475 3,977 8,292 7,389 6,97 4,403 2,627,776,00 3, , , , Female 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years.. 55 to 59 years.. 60 to 64 years.. 65 years and over. 26,95 2, ,389 4,059 4,80 5,7 5,50 3,560 2,255, , , ,47,063, ,57, ,59 3,42 3,505 3,894 3,994 2,372, ,

30 HOUSEHOLD DATA A2: E m p l o y e d persons with a job but not at work by reason, pay status, and sex (In thousands) All industrie Nonagrirultural industries Reason not working Wage and salary workei Unpaid abseno Total Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute. All other reasons.. 2,80 933, ,694 97, ,73 922, , , , , , Mole Vacation Illness. All other reasons.., , , , Female Vacation Illness All other reasons.., , , , Excludes private household. Pay status not available separately for Bad weather and Industrial dispute; these categories are included in All other reasons. A22: P e r s o n s a t w o r k b y t y p e o f i n d u s t r y a n d h o u r s o f w o r k Thousands of persons Percent distribution Hours of work All industries Nonagricultural industries All industries Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Agriculture Total at work 74,463 70,639 3, hours. 54 hours 529 hours 5, ,443 7,87 3,789 4, ,25 7,67 3,608, hours 40 hours... 58,679 5,004 30,360 23,35 9,557 7,004 6,754 56,09 4,835 29,999 2,85 9,252 6,595 5,338 2, , , «

31 HOUSEHOLD DATA A23: Persons at work 34 hours by usual status and reason working parttime (In thousands) All industries Nonagricultural industries Reasons working part time Total Usually work full time Usually work Usually work full time Usually work part time Total... 5,784 4,220,563 4,620 3,966 0,654 Economic reasons Slack work. Material shortages or repairs to plant and equipment New job started during week Job terminated during week Could find only parttime work, , Other reasons Does not want, or unavailable for, fulltime work... Vacation Illness Bad weather Industrial dispute Legal or religious holiday Full time for this job All other reasons 4,2 8,79 383, ,240,63 3, , ,074 0,753 8,79 254, ,2 8,27 373, ,202,479 3,6 373, ,044 9,95 8,27 86, Average hours: Economic reasons Other reasons Worked 30 to 34 hours: Economic reasons Other reasons 436 3,353 3,745 25, , ,692,50 A24: Nonagricultural workers by full or parttime status Industry Total at work On part time for economic On voluntary part time Percent distribution On fulltime schedules 40 hours or less 4 to 48 hours 49 hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on fulltime schedules Wage and salary workers Construction Manufacturing Durable goods... Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate Service industries Private households.. All other service Public administration Selfemployed workers... Unpaid family workers 'Mining not shown separately but included in totals.

32 HOUSEHOLD DATA A25: Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full or parttime status, age, sex, color, and marital status On fulltime schedules Age, sex, color and marital status Total On part time for economic reasons On voluntary part time 40 hours or less 4 hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on fulltime schedules On thousands) TOTAL Total, 6 years and over. 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years... 8 and 9 years.. 20 years and ovec 20 to 24 years. 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 70,639 8,242 5,034 2,043 2,99 65,604 8,550 57,055 29,899 24,607 2,548, ,352 9, ,95 3,692 3,02,756,265 6,929,75 5,755 2,63 2, ,79 4,306,857 24,66 57,323 7,84 50,40 26,745 2,92,483 37,994 3,295,447 9,256 36,548 5,5 3,434 6,365 4, ,85, ,775 2,069 8,706 0,380 7, Males, 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 6 and 47 years 8 and 9 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years, 45 to 64 years 65 years and over,724,262,795,93,602,930,547,383,655,52, ,406 2,032,709,03 696, , ,582 2,096, ,574 3,859 34,75 9,082 4,626,005 22,333, ,64 2,334 9,280 0,220 8, , ,960,525 5,435 8,862 6, Females, 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over 26,94 3,980 2, ,389 24,675 4,003 20,672 0,244 9, ,544,659, , ,625 2,299, ,597 2, ,748 3,324 5,425 7,66 7, ,662, ,933 2,779 2,54 6,43 5, , , ,27,58, COLOR Total White Male Female 63,200 39,555 23,645, ,0 3,54 5,857 53,024 35,840 7,83 33,33 9,675 3,654 9,693 6,65 3, Total Nonwhite Male Female. 7,439 4,69 3, ,56 3,742 2,44 4,664 2,657 2,007,492, MARITAL STATUS Male: Married, wife present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 34,453 2,269 7, , ,259 32,975 2,047 4,560 7,977,246 3,0 4,998 80, Female: Married, husband present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) 5,825 5,69 5, ,892 88,77,508 4,057 4,03 9,294 3,4 3,253 2,

33 HOUSEHOLD DATA A25: Persons at work in nonagricultural industries by full or parttime status, age, sex, color, and marital statuscontinued On fulltime schedules Age, sex, color and marital status Total at work On part time for economic reasons On voluntary part time Total 40 hours or less 4 hours or more (Percent distribution) TOTAL Total, 6 years and over..» 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 years and over. 20 to 24 years 25 years and over, 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over Males, 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 and 9 years 6 and 7 years, 8 and 9 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over Females, 6 years and over 6 to 2 years 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over , , COLOR Total White Male, Female, , Total Nonwhite Male Female MARITAL STATUS Male: Married, wife present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married) Female: Married, husband present Widowed, divorced, or separated Single (never married).%

34 HOUSEHOLD DATA A2 6: P e r s o n s a t w o r k in n o n f a r r n o c c u p a t i o n s b y f u l l o r p a r tt i m e s t a t u s a n d s e x On fulltime schedules Occupation group and sex Total at work On part time for On voluntary part time 40 hours or less 4 to 48 hours 49 hours or more Average hours, total at work Average hours, workers on fulltime schedules (Thousands of persons) TOTAL Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers. 35,545 0,624 7,759 2,749 4, ,986, ,20,77 30,224 9,262 7,393 0,399 3,68 9,025 5,564 2,949 8,747,764 4,55,39,22, ,044 2,379 3, Bluecollar workers. Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers..., 26,264 9,492 3,263 3, , ,489 9,08,874 2,597 5,242 5,550 7,793,899 4,299,773 2, ,948,695, Service workers Private household Other service workers 9,00,55 7, , ,88 5, ,44 3, , , MALE Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers 9,069 6,646 6,596 3,294 2, , ,653 6,58 6,393 2,92 2,8 8,850 3,396 2,362 2, ,820 88, ,983,88 2, Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers? 2,78 9,26 9,80 3, , ,70 8,782 8,40 2,57 2,56 5,370 4,946,839 3,752,734, ,793,678, Service workers Private household Other service workers 3, , , ,394,394 6, FEMALE Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers 6,476 3,978,64 9,455, , , ,569 3,03,00 7, ,73 2, , , , Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers 4, , , , , , Service workers Private household Other service workers 6,00,529 4, , ,543 3, ,750 2, ,

35 HOUSEHOLD DATA A26: Persons at work in nonfarm occupations by full or parttime status and sexcontinued Occupation group and sex Total at work On part time for economic reasons On voluntary part time On fulltime schedules 40 hours or less 4 to 48 hours 49 hours or more (Percent distribution) TOTAL Whitecollar workers Professional and technical r Managers, officials, and proprietors Clerical workers Sales workers. Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers Private household Other service workers MALE Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors.. Clerical workers Sales workers.6 6, 6, 2, ,2 92,.6 92, 96, 88, 86., , 39, 4, 3, 6, ,7 3,.4 28, , Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers ,8 3.,0 6., 9.,2 90., ,6 74., , 53, ,2 8.,8 8.,2 0.,3 7., ,5 9.,7 Service workers Private household Other service workers , ,3 45., , FEMALE Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors.. Clerical workers Sales workers Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers ;. Private household Other service workers

36 HOUSEHOLD DATA A27: Employment status of 4 5 yearolds by sex and color (In thousands) Employment status Both sexes Total Male Female Both sexes White Male Female Both sexes Non white Male Female Civilian noninstitutional population. 7,824 3,963 3,86 6,733 3,42 3,32, Civilian labor force Employed."... Agriculture, Nonagricultural industries... Unemployed,342,267 92, ,270,206 82, Not in labor force Keeping house Going to school Unable to work All other reasons 6, , ,097 3, , , , , ,67 4 2, , , , A28: Employed 4 5 yearolds by sex, major occupation group, and class of worker Thousands of persons Percent distribution Characteristics Both sexes Male Female Both sexes Male Female Total CLASS OF WORKER, Nonagricultural industries, Wage and salary workers Other wage and salary workers Selfemployed workers... Unpaid family workers.., Agriculture Wage and salary workers Selfemployed workers.. Unpaid family workers Total OCCUPATION, Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietors Bluecollar workers Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Service workers Private household workers Other service workers Farm workers Farmers and farm managers

37 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A 2 9 : E m p l o y m e n t s t a t u s of the n o n i n s t i t u t i o n a l p o p u l a t i o n b y a g e a n d s e x, s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d (In thousands) Employment status, age, and sex Total Apr, Feb. Jan. Dec. Sept. Aug. July June Total labor force Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries On part time for economic reasons Usually work full time Usually work part time Unemployed 83,593 so, an 77,265 3,805 73,460, ,806 83,966 80,450 77,605 3,664 73,94, ,845 83,999 80,495 77,767 3,732 74,035, ,728 83,83 80,356 77,729 3,88 73,848, ,627 83,35 82,868 79,874 79,368 77,229 76,765 3,752 3,842 73,477 72,923,605, ,645 2,603 82,559 79,042 76,388 3,706 72,682, ,654 82,403 78,800 76,002 3,525 72,477, ,798 82,438 78,847 76,000 3,65 72,349, ,847 82,338 78,749 75,973 3,75 72,222, ,776 82,504 78,97 76,020 3,825 72,95, ,897 82,486 78,99 76,005 3,849 72,56,854, ,94 82,278 78,742 75,932 3,905 72,027, ,80 Men, 20 years and over Total labor force Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed 49,267 49,286 46,7 46,95 45,227 45,285 2,73 2,68 42,496 42, ,378 46,297 45,422 2,706 42, ,336 46,280 45,422 2,732 42, ,89 46,3 45,23 2,680 42, ,32 46,093 45,254 2,763 42, ,926 45,87 44,940 2,753 42, ,9 45,782 44,773 2,656 42,7,009 48,98 45,863 44,858 2,7 42,47,005 49,023 45,906 44,92 2,784 42, ,983 45,96 44,93 2,848 42,065,003 48,906 45,903 44,86 2,848 42,03,042 48,746 45,770 44,787 2,858 4, Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed 27,049 27,205 26,046 26, ,49 25,560,003,036 27,89 26, , ,230 26, , ,950 26,737 25,999 25, ,308 25, ,630 25, , ,480 25, , ,394 25, ,825,09 26,26 25, , ,354 25, ,772,03 26,285 25, , ,259 25, , Both sexes, 69 years Civilian labor force Employed Agriculture Nonagricultural industries Unemployed 6,85 5, , ,050 6, , ,009 6, , ,846 6, , ,793 5, , ,538 5, , ,54 5, , ,538 5, , ,590 5, , ,627 5, , ,647 5, , ,73 5, , ,73 5, , NOTE: Because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series, detail for the household data shown in table p A29 through A35 will not necessarily add to totals.

38 A30: E m p l o y m e n t status by color, sex, a n d a g e, s e a s o n a l l y a d j u s t e d (In thousands) HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED Characteristics Feb. Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July June WHITE Total: Civilian labor force. Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate. Males, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate Females, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate 7,37 68,95 2,222 4,547 40, ,530 22, ,589 69,366 2,223 4,674 40, ,656 22, ,688 69,494 2,94 4,765 4, ,68 22, ,475 69,376 2,099 4,749 4, ,656 22, ,0 68,984 2,7 4,60 40, ,466 22, ,669 68,58 2,088 4,68 40, ,208 22, ,444 68,332 2,2 4,384 40, ,230 22, ,050 67,899 2,5 4,282 40, ,976 22, ,33 67,878 2,255 ^,360 h0, ,923 22, ,934 67,700 2,234 69,984 67,683 2,30 4,380 [4, ,566 40, ,743 2, ,826 22, ,034 67,79 2,35 4,346 40, ,782 22, ,758 67,536 2,222 4,30 40, ,730 2, Both sexes, 6 to 9 years: Civilian labor force... Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate 6,060 5, ,259 5, ,242 5, ,070 5, ,034 5, ,843 5, ,830 5, ,792 5, ,850 5, ,8 5, ,804 5, ,906 5, ,898 5, NONWHITE Total: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate...,790, ,892 8, ,952 8, ,946 8, ,942 8, ,855, ,689, ,629 7, ,578, ,73, ,808 8, ,798 8, ,855 8, Males, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate... 4,55 4, ,56 4, ,566 4, ,563 4, ,559 4, ,544 4, ,509 4, ,466 4, ,505 4, ,524 4, ,53 4, ,549 4, ,57 4, Females, 20 years and over: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate 3,469 3, ,579 3, ,559 3, ,583 3, ,56 3, ,534 3, ,445 3, ,424 3, ,369 3, ,47 3, ,460 3, ,459 3, ,483 3, Both sexes, 6 to 9 years: Civilian labor force Employed Unemployed Unemployment rate

39 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A3: Major u n e m p l o y m e n t indicators, seasonally adjusted (Unemployment rates)! Feb. Oct. Sept. Aug. July Total (all civilian workers). Men, 20 years and over.. Women, 20 years and over. Both sexes, 69 years.. ' White workers Nonwhite workers Married men. Fulltime wor Unemployed 5 weeks and over, State insured^ Labor force time lost? A.4 i 5 I.6 OCCUPATION I Whitecollar workers, *9 Professional and technical j»4 Managers, officials, and proprietors. Clerical wcrkers Sales workers I!. Bluecollar workers.... Craftsmen and foremen. Operatives Nonfarm laborers... Service workers.. Farm workers I I INDUSTRY Private wage and salary workers3... Construction Manufacturing. Durable goods Nondurable goods Transportation and public utilities.... Wholesale and retail trade Finance and service industries Government wage and salary workers... Agricultural wage and salary workers ^Insured unemployment under Stare Programs as a percent of average covered employment. ^Manhours lost by the unemployed and persons on part time for economic reasons as a percent of potentially available labor force manho 3lncludes mining, not shown separately.

40 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A32: Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) Duration of unempioym Jan. Dec. Nov. Sept. Aug. July Less than 5 weeks... 5 to 4 weeks 5 weeks and over 5 to 26 weeks 27 weeks and over, , , , , , ,57, , , , , , , A33: Rates of unemployment by age and sex, seasonally adjusted Age and sex Jan. Sept. Aug. July Total, 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 td 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over % Mai es, 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over Females, 6 years and over to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over

41 HOUSEHOLD DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED A34: Employed persons by age and sex, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) Age and sex Feb. Dec. Sept. Aug. July June TOTAL 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years... 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over 6 years and over MALE 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over... FEMALE 77,265 5,992 2,52 3,443 9,76 62,0 48,056 3,992 48,609 3,382,472,874 5,005 40,25 3,85 9,003 77,605 77,767 77,729 6,5 2,652 3,58 9,237 62,203 48,06 4,3 48,766 48,99 48,875 3,48,559,923 4,977 40,298 3,26 9,084 6,7 2,660 3,533 9,222 62,46 48,326 4,60 3,497,608,937 4,923 40,494 3,393 9,27 6,043 2,570 3,492 9,65 62,552 48,466 4,3 3,453,557,99 4,887 40,568 3,466 9, 77,229 76,76576,388 76,002 76,000 5,999 2,524 3,527 9,026 62,27 48,366 3,973 48,686 48,579^8,235 48,030 48,20 3,455,532,950 4*84 40,407 3,422 9,062 5,709 5,746 2,394 2,373 3,364 3,387 8,955 8,94 62,26,777 48,27 ^7,8 4,06 3,93 3,295,444,864 4,830,09,3393,083 9,00 3,325,463,890 4,92 40, , 9,04C 5,734 2,366 3,370 8,827 6,438 47,57 3,846 3,257,439,836 4,790 39,978 30,984 8,972 5,767 2,373 3,374 8,832 6,384 47,55 3,80 3,262,442,86 4,89 40,042 3,042 8,989 75,973 76,020 76, ,203 48,62 48, ,054,060 5,766 2,40 3,32 8,840 6,835 47,484 3,822 3,249,436,787 4,827 40,077 3,054 9,03 5,833 2,458 3,363 8,697 6,458 47,57 3,863 3,24,453,784 4,783 40,078 3,09 9,02 75,932 5,864 2,426 3,399 8,664 6,40 47,557 3,802 48,073 3,286,456,796 4,757 40,08 3,05 8,983 6 years and over 6 to 9 years 6 and 7 years 8 and 9 years 20 to 24 years 25 years and over 25 to 54 years 55 years and over, 28,656 2,60,040,569 4,7 2,886 6,87 4,989 28,839 28,848 28,854 2,670,093,595 4,260 2,905 6,890 5,047 2,620,052,596 4,299 2,922 6,933 5,033 2,590,03,573 4,278 2,984 7,000 5,002 28,543 28,8628,53 27,972 27,880 2, ,577 4,22 2,80 6,944 4,9 2,384 2, ,474,523 4,034 4,084 2, 7652,686 6, 7866,728 4,976 4,92 2, ,534 4,037 2,460 6,533 4,874 2,505 93,558 4,03 2,342 6,509 4,82 27,770 27,858 27,903 2,530 2, ,577,534 3,987 4,03 2,250 2,308 6,445 6,430 4,787 4, ,859 2, ,603 3,907 2,383 6,542 4,89 A35: Employed persons by major occupation group, seasonally adjusted (In thousands) Occupation group Feb. Jan. Dec. Nov. Sept. Aug. July June Whitecollar workers Professional and technical Managers, officials, and proprietor! Clerical workers Sales workers Bluecollar workers. Craftsmen and foremen Operatives Nonfarm laborers Service workers Farmers and farm laborers 36,722 0,756 8,044 3,279 4,643 27,603 9,957 4,050 3,596 9,353 3,522 36,458 0,759 8,003 3,20 4,576 27,990 0,09 4,99 3,772 9,673 3,38 36,346 0,74 7,855 3,52 4,625 28,220 0,2 4,345 3,664 9,703 3,436 36,79 0,52 7,773 3,268 4,67 28,395 0,460 4,327 3,608 9,605 3,59 36,25 0,648 7,855 3,055 4,567 28,5 0,330 4,206 3,65 9,48 3,4 35,,86935,990 0,4770,550 7,83 7,892 2,,94C2,828 4,639 4,720 28,05l 27,622 0,3060,40 4,43,897 3,63 3,585 9,453 3,42 9,445 3,350 35,859 0,329 7,995 2,899 4,636 27,596 0,029 4,086 3,48 9,382 3,49 35,92 0,40 7,962 2,878 4,680 27,530 9,945 3,983 3,602 9,350 3,360 35,663 0,358 7,824 2,755 4,726 27,538 9,927 3,997 3,64 9,47 3,384 35,683 0,49 7,729 2,85 4,684 27,459 9,986 3,849 3,624 9,332 3,458 35,529 0,339 7,637 2,86 4,692 27,586 9,982 3,982 3,622 9,482 3,487 35,47 0,334 7,663 2,83 4,643 27,48 9,957 3,895 3,566 9,433 3,540

42 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT Bl: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division 99 to date (In thousands) Year and month Mining Contract construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale Retail trade trade Finance, insurance, and real estate State and local o ^ o o o i , : June*. July August... September October. November. December. : January,. February. March... April... 27,088 27,350 24,382 25,827 28,39^ 28,040 28,778 29,89 29,976 30,000 3,339 29,424 26,649 23,628 23,7 25,953 27,053 29,082 3,026 29,209 30,68 32,376 36,554 40,25 42,452 4,883 40,394 4,674 43,88 44,89 43,778 45,222 47,849 48,825 50,232 49,022 50,675 52,408 52,894 5,363 53,33 54,234 54,042 55,596 56,702 58,332 60,832 64,034 66,030 68,46 67,724 68,724 68,327 68,508 68,923 69,292 69,585 70,23 68,525 68,735 69,225 69,802 70,222,33, ,22,0,089,85,4,050,087, , ,02 848,02,85,229,32,446,555,608,606,497,372, ,45,2,055,50,294,790 2,70,567,094,32,66,982 2,69 2,65 2,333 2,603 2,634 2,623 2,62 2,802 2,999 2,923 2,778 2,960 2,885 2,86 2,902 2,963 3,050 3,86 3,275 3,203 3,259 3,255 3,387 3,W 3,553 3,55 3,W 3,37^ 3,24 3,05 2,990 3,068 3,260 3,399 0,659 0,658 8,257 9,20 0,300 9,67 9,939 0,56 0,00 9,947 0,702 9,562 8,70 6,93 7,397 8,50 9,069 9,827 0,794 9,440 0,278 0,985 3,92 5,280 7,602 7,328 5,524 4,703 5,545 5,582 4,44 5,24 6,393 6,632 7,549 6,34 6,882 7,243 7,74 5,945 6,675 6,796 6,326 6,853 6,995 7,274 8,062 9,24 9,434 9,740 9,569 9,897 9,729 9,884 20,023 9,999 20,05 9,990 9,786 9,874 9,957 9,938 9,99 3,7H 3,998 3,459 3,505 3,882 3,807 3,826 3,942 3,895 3,828 3,96 3,685 3,254 2,86 2,672 2,750 2,786 2,973 3,34 2,863 2,936 3,038 3,274 3,460 3,647 3,829 3,906 4,06 4,66 4,89 4,00 4,034 4,226 4,248 4,290 4,084 4,4 4,244 4,24 3,976 4,0 4,oo4 3,903 3,906 3,903 3,95 4,036 4,5 4,27 4,348 4,268 4,375 4,39^ 4,40 h,kll 4,400 4,44 4,409 4,324 4,3to 4,389 4,445 4,468 4,54 4,467 4,589 4,903 5,290 5,407 5,576 5,784 5,908 5,874 6,23 5,797 5,284 4,683 4,755 5,28 5,43 5,809 6,265 6,79 6,426 6,750 7,20 7,8 6,982 7,058 7,34 8,376 8,955 9,272 9,264 9,386 9,742 io,oo4 0,247 0,235 0,535 0,858 0,886 0,750,27,39,337,566,778 2,60 2,76 3,245 3,63 4, 3,959 ^,39 4,2 4,4 4,208 4,328 4,56 5,24 4,27 4,26 4,229 4,428 4,52,684,754,873,82,74,762,862 2,90 2,36 2,489 2,487 2,58 2,606 2,687 2,727 2,739 2,796 2,884 2,893 2,848 2,946 3,004 2,993 3,056 3,04 3,89 3,32 3,437 3,538 3,669 3,607 3,690 3,77 3,727 3,73 3,738 3,756 3,766 3,724 3,78 3,730 3,7^0 3,754 4,742 4,996 5,338 5,297 5,24 5,296 5,452 6,86 6,595 6,783 6,778 6,868 7,36 7,37 7,520 7,496 7,740 7,974 7,992 7,902 8,82 8,388 8,344 8,5 8,675 8,97 9,4o4 9,808 0,074 0,442 J0,352 0,449 0,395 0,44 0,495 0,590 0,805 n,358 0,493 0,408 0,499 0,688 0,758,,75,63,44,90,23,233,305,367,435,509,475,407,34,295,39,335,388,432,425,462,502,549,538,502,476,497,697,754,829,857,99,99 2,069 2,46 2,234 2,335 2,429 2,477 2,59 2,594 2,669 2,73 2,800 2,877 2,957 3,023 3,ioo 3,27 3,357 3,327 3,365 3,^7 3,^30 3,397 3,404 3,42 3,42 3,420 3,^39 3,^62 3,487 3,503 2,263 2,362 2,42 2,503 2,684 2,782 2,869 3,046 3,68,265 3,440 3,376 3,83 2,93 2,873 3,058 3,42 3,326 3,58 3,473 3,57 3,68 3,92 4,084 4,48 4,63 4,24 4,79 5,050 5,206 5,264 5,382 5,576 5,730 5,867 6,002 6,274 6,536 6,749 6,806 7,30 7,423 7,664 8,028 8,325 8,709 9,087 9,55 0,060 0,504 0,488 0,634 0,687 0,675 0,587 0,63 0,648 0,658 0,576 0,668 0,782 0,900 0,992 2,676 2,603 2,528 2,538 2,607 2,720 2,806 2,846 2,95 2,995 3,065 3,48 3,264 3,225 3,66 3,299 3,48 3,668 3,756 3,883 3,995 4,202 4,660 5,483 6,080 6,043 5,944 5,595 5,474 5,650 5,856 6,026 6,389 6,609 6,645 6,75 6,94 7,277 7,66 7,839 8,083 8,353 8,594 8,890 9,225 9,596 0,09 0,87,66 2,202 2,227 2,280,848,762 2,30 2,439 2,522 2,643 2,558 2,670 2,709 2,705 2, ,340 2,23 2,905 2,928 2,808 2,254,892,863,908,928 2,302 2,420 2,305 2,88 2,87 2,209 2,27 2,9 2,233 2,270 2,279 2,340 2,358 2,348 2,378 2,564 2,79 2,737 2,70 2,85 2,844 2,795 2,705 2,694 2,703 2,769 2,735 2,739 2,737 2,7*7 2,75^ 2,532 2,622 2,704 2,666 2,60 2,647 2,728 2,842 2,923 3,054 3,090 3,206 3,320 3,270 3,74 3,H6 3,37 3,34 3,582 3,787 3,948 4,098 4,087 4,88 4,340 4,563 4,727 5,069 5,399 5,648 5,850 6,083 6,35 6,550 6,868 7,249 7,74 8,307 8,897 9,465 9,57 9,^65 9,004 8,967 9,^25 9,7^5 9,89 9,874 9,823 9,93 9,972 9,958 9,96 and Hawaii beginning 959 This recent months are preliminary. B of 200 (0.4 percent) in the nonagricultural total for the March 959 benchmark month. Digitized for FRASER

43 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry SIC CODE Industry TOTAL PRIVATE SECTOR MINING METAL MINING Iron ores Copper ores 70,222 57, (In thousands) All employees mploy< TferT 69,802 57, ,225 56, ,724 55, ,422 55, , Production workers p 47, , , , ,2 2 COAL MINING Bituminous coal and lignite mining.... ik2.: 35.' J 6. i ,2 38 OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION Crude petroleum and natural gas fields... Oil and gas field services ^ IO NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS Crushed and broken stone. Sand and gravel to O it 99.4 CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION 3,399 3,260 3,068 3,255 3,57 2,876 2,738 2,549 2,747 2,654 GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS IO HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS.. Highway and street construction Heavy construction, nee SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS Plumbing, heating, air conditioning Painting, paper hanging, decorating Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering.... Roofing and sheet metal work, , , , , , , , ,24,25, , 263 MANUFACTURING DURABLE GOODS NONDURABLE GOODS 9,99, ,938,797 8,l4l 9,957,797 8,60 9,569,53 8,038 9,507,507 8,000 4,636 8,62 6,024 4,600 8,590 6,00 4,63L 8,596 6,035 4,352 8,40 5,95 4,303 8,388 5,95 Durable Goods ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES Ammunition, except for small arms Complete guided missiles Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee ito it lto.o ,2 249 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Logging camps & logging contractors... Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general... Millwork, plywood & related products... Millwork Veneer and plywood Wooden containers Wooden boxes, shook, and crates Miscellaneous wood products I S O " * , O 7 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for die 2 most recent months are preliminary.

44 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued SIC Code Industry (In thousands) All employees Apr, Production workers ,9 Durable GoodsContinued FURNITURE AND FIXTURES Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Partitions and fixtures....* Other furniture and fixtures ll I l6l.l , , , ,3, , , ,8 STONE,CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS... Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown... Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Brick and structural clay tile Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products... Other stone and nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Blast 'furnace and basic steel products... Blast furnaces and steel mills Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries Nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing.... Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum rolling and drawing Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating.. Nonferrous foundries Aluminum castings Other nonferrous castings Miscellaneous primary metal products... Iron and steel forgings FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS Metal cans Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Cutlery and hand tools, incl. saws Hardware, nee Plumbing and heating, except electric... Sanitary ware & plumbers' brass goods.. Heating equipment, except electric Fabricated structural metal products Fabricated structural steel Metal doors, sash, and trim.... Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)... Sheet metal work Architectural and misc. metal work Screw machine products, bolts, etc... Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal stampings, Metal services, nee Misc. fabricated wire products Misc. fabricated metal products Valves, pipe, and pipe fittings , ^ ,, " , , , , I IO See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary I, , O , O 35 27, , O , , H O , ito , , , n , , O , , I

45 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued SIC Code , , , , Q , Industry Durable GoodsContinued MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL Engines and turbines... Steam engines and turbines Internal combustion engines, nee Farm machinery Construction and related machinery Construction and mining machinery... Oil field machinery Conveyors, hoists, cranes, monorails... Industrial trucks and tractors Metal working machinery... Machine tools, metal cutting types... Special dies, tools, jigs, & fixtures... Machine tool accessories Misc. metal working machinery Special industry machinery Food products machinery.... Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and compressors Ball and roller bearings Blowers and fans Power transmission equipment Office and computing machines Computing machines and cash registers.. Service industry machines. Refrigeration machinery.. Misc. machinery, except electrical... ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES Electric test & distributing equipment.... Electric measuring instruments Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus... Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators.. Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers... Household laundry equipment. Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment... Electric lamps Lighting fixtures Wiring devices Radio and TV receiving equipment Communication equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus Radio and TV communication equipment.. Electronic components and accessories... Electron tubes Other electronic components Misc. electrical equipment & supplies... Engine electrical equipment TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles. Passenger car bodies Truck and bus bodies.. Motor vehicle parts and accessories... Truck trailers Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Other aircraft parts and equipment Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing 2, , I87.O _ 25, ,0 4, , , (In thousands) All employees 2, O 4 3 3I4O.O O , , I I88 45 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary., O , , O 2, I ,958, < , 46, 40, 4, 30, « < 27, , 63 30, , 225,, , , , _ L, , , o.i I6*w , Production workers, I89.O, , , , , I , l,295.i ,

46 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued SIC Code (In thousands) All employees Mar, Production workers' I969 Durable GoodsContinued , , < ,8,9 393 RANSPORTATION EQUIPMENTContinued Boat building and repairing. Railroad equipment.... Other transportation equipment... INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.. Engineering & scientific instruments.... Mechanical measuring & control devices. Mechanical measuring devices Automatic temperature controls Optical and ophthalmic goods Ophthalmic goods Medical instruments and supplies Photographic equipment and supplies... Watches, clocks, and watchcases MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware.... Toys and sporting goods Games, toys, dolls, & play vehi'cle.s., Sporting and athletic goods, nee..., Pens, pencils, office, and art supplies., Costume jewelry and notions Other manufacturing industries Musical instruments and parts 459* ^ H m I O Nondurable Goods ,6 2032, FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats.. Poultry dressing plants Dairy products Ice cream and frozen desserts Fluid milk.: Canned, cured, and frozen foods Canned, cured, and frozen sea foods. Canned food, except sea foods Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products.. Prepared feeds for animals and fowls... Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products... Cookies and crackers Sugar Confectionery and related products... Confectionery products Beverages. Malt liquors Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. foods and kindred products TOBACCO MANUFACTURES. Cigarettes Cigars TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool... Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills, Women's hosiery, except socks... Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills , , o.o O , I I See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary., I 26 84! O , , _ 6 66_ , I u 30., * ,, I89.I b , H

47 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMEaVT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued (In thousands) SIC Code Industry All employees Production workers 3 ADr. Nondurable GoodsContinued , , ,2, , ,6,7, , ,2 286, ,9 TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTSContinued Textile finishing, except wool Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Miscellaneous textile goods APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS. Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings. Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear.. Men's and boys' separate trousers... Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses'blouses and waists Women's and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats.. Women's and misses' outerwear, n e e. Women's and children's undergarments.. Women's and children's underwear... Corsets and allied garments Hats, caps, and millinery Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel... Misc. fabricated textile products Housefurnishings PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.... Paper and pulp mills.... Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding and setup paperboard boxes. Corrugated and solid fiber boxes... Sanitary food containers PRINTING AND PUBLISHING Newspapers Periodicals Books Commercial printing Commercial printing, ex. lithographic. Commercial printing, lithographic... < Blankbooks and bookbinding... Other publishing & printing ind... CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.. Industrial chemicals Alkalies and chlorine. Industrial organic chemicals, n e e.. Industrial inorganic chemicals, n e e. Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Synthetic fibers Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods Soap and other detergents Toilet preparations Paints and allied products Agricultural chemicals Fertilizers, complete & mixing only.. Other chemical products Explosives... PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Petroleum refining. Other petroleum and coal products , , I87.I ,42 38* ^ , , MO , i.o O 06 3, , See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary , I O l , , n4.o , , , O , , IO I , O I69.I O , I66 89.I O o.o , I

48 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued (In thousands) SIC Code Industry All employees, Production workers ,3, ,3,57, Nondurable GoodsContinued RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS,NEC Tires and inner tubes Other rubber products Rubber footwear Miscellaneous plastics products, LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS... Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Other leather products Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods * ^ I TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES 4,468 ^,389 4,268 4, RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION. Class I railroads , ,2 44, LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSIT. Local and suburban transportation Taxicabs Intercity highway transportation TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING Trucking and trucking terminals Public warehousing TRANSPORTATION BY AIR Air transportation PIPE LINE TRANSPORTATION OTHER TRANSPORTATION AND SERVICES WATER TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SERVICES COMMUNICATION.., Telephone communication Telegraph communication^ Radio and television broadcasting ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES Electric companies and systems Gas companies and systems Combination companies and systems Water, steam, & sanitary systems , , I , I8 3^ , I ^ I , I , ^ O IO ^ ^ ^ WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE WHOLESALE TRADE Motor vehicles & automotive equipment... Drugs, chemicals, and allied products... Dry goods and apparel Groceries and related products Electrical goods Hardware; plumb ing & heating equipment... Machinery, equipment, and supplies Miscellaneous wholesalers RETAIL TRADE RETAIL GENERAL MERCHANDISE Department stores Mail order houses Variety stores FOOD STORES. Grocery, meat, and vegetable stores... 4,52 3,75^ 0,758 4,428 3,7^ ,23 0,688 2,26.6,38 H 33^5,696,520 4,229 3, ,229 0,499 2,099.0,37 32,70,527. 3,959 3, ,89 0,352 2,02,307 36,627,45 3,90 3,59^ ,89. 0,36 2,03, ,63,450.6 L2,9O5 3,52 9,753 L2,827 3, ,03 9,685,9^7, ,580,48.0 2,632 3, ,026 9,50,92, ,589.,425 2,398 3, ,373,858.6, ,50,34 2,350 3, ,336,867, ,506.0,3 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

49 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nortagricultural payrolls, by industry.continued SIC Code Industry (In thousands) All employees I969 Production workers' Apr, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE (Continued) ,55, ,2 553, APPAREL AND ACCESSORY STORES... Men's & boys' clothing & furnishings.... Women's readytowear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores FURNITURE AND HOME FURNISHINGS STORES Furniture and home furnishings. EATING AND DRINKING PLACES OTHER RETAIL TRADE Building materials and farm equipment.. Automotive dealers & service stations.. Motor vehicle dealers Other automotive & accessory dealers.. Gasoline service stations. Miscellaneous retail stores Drug stores and proprietary stores Book and stationery stores... Farm and garden supply stores Fuel and ice dealers ,42 3,3 5475, , O ,289 3, , , ,337 3, , , I ,26 3,24 538, , O , , IO ,38.4 2, ,8 2,84 ^ jil ,0 2, , , FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 4 Banking. Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations Personal credit institutions Security, commodity brokers & services.... Insurance carriers Life insurance. Accident and health insurance...., Fire, marine, and casualty insurance..... Insurance agents, brokers, and service Real estate Subdividers and developers Operative builders Other finance, insurance, & real estate.... SERVICES. Hotels and other lodging p l a c e s... Hotels, tourist courts, and motels... Personal services Laundries and dry cleaning plants... Photographic studios. Miscellaneous business services Advertising Credit reporting and collection Services to buildings Miscellaneous repair services Motion pictures Motion picture filming & distributing. Motion picture theaters and services... Medical and other health services Hospitals. Legal services. Educational services Elementary arid secondary schools... Colleges and universities Miscellaneous services... Engineering & architectural services.. Nonprofit research agencies 3,503 3, ^ , H 8 5 3, O ,992 8 L0, L0,782 7, , , , , II7 r/ , ,820,5 5,2, ,807.0,2, , , I85.O L0, , , I ,6,635 97, , O O ,402 69O 629, , ,597, , ,783 2, O O7.O , , ,

50 ESTABLISHMENT DATA EMPLOYMENT B2: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry Continued (In thousands) SIC Code Industry 6 Q6Q All employees Mar, IQ6Q Q68 Q68 6 IQ6Q Production workers Q68 GOVERNMENT. 2,75 2,705 2,709 2,227 2,24 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 5.. 2,754 2,747 2,737 2,70 2,72 92,93 92 Department of Defense... Post Office Department. Other agencies Legislative Judicial STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT.. State government..... State education Other State government Local government.... Local education.... Other local government 9,96 2,7,28 72O ,958 2,5,05,460 7,44 4,3^9 3,09 2,70, ,972 2,52,06,46 7,449 4,36 3, ,676.0, ,57 2,45 998,45 7,06 4, ,97 2,677, ,502 2,448,000,448 7,05 4,04 2,948.4 e, and real estate; transportation and public utilities; and services. Transportation and public utilities, and s icluded in Total Private but are no Beginning January 965, data relate to railroads with operating revenues of $5,000,000 or more. angers. retail trade; finance, shown separately in Prepared by the U.S. Civil Service Commission. Data relate to civilian employment only and exclude Cent al Intelligence and Nat ional Security Agencii federal employment includes approximately 39,000 civilian technicians of the National Guard who were transferr ;d from State to federal status in accordance Not available. NOTE* Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary. ing January : Law

51 STABLISHMENT DATA EASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT B4: Indexes of employment on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry division, 99 to date, monthly data seasonally adjusted 95759=00 Year and month TOTAL Mining Contract construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale Finance, insurance, and real estate Total State and local I ^ l*0 9^ 9^2 9^ ^5 9^6 9.V ^9 « ^ o i I968: June July August.. September October.. November. December. : January.. February. March... April l46.il * O 50 * 4 *9.* * oO ll*7 ol 60 2l* 20o * ll*l.i* 539 *4 36.* * H HO I O M*.s o oO O O O o H I » IO I IO I O HI , H io4.o oO , , *8 78 8, O H H * O I ^ ^ o.i O ' ^ O O I H I67.I I69.O NOTE: Data include Alaska benchmark month. Data for the 2 most r i beginning 959 This inclusion has resulted in an increase of 22,000 (0.4 pel hs are preliminary. rultural total for the March 959 Digitized for FRASER

52 ESTABLISHMENT DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT B5: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls, by industry, seasonally adjusted Industry division and group Feb. (In thousands) Oct. Sept. Aug. July June TOTAL... 70,282 70,90 70,59 69,983 69,620 69,30 68,955 68,70 68,382 68,34 68,70 68,039 67,792 MINING CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION 3,389 3,42 3,443 3,50 3,380 3,387 3,279 3,285 3,252 3,95 3,89 3,74 3,245 MANUFACTURING 20,2 20,094 20,24 20,067 20,005 9,974 9,87 9,807 9,755 9,748 9,776 9,777 9,693 DURABLE GOODS,846,825,857,823,803,724,66 H, 603.,577,563,69,57,545 Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products. Machinery, except electrical Electrical equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing ,320,449 2,0 2,0*a 2, ,36,445 2,004 2,024 2, ,39,448,996 2,020 2, ,36,442,999 2,0 2, ,308,437,986,996 2,o ,302,426,968,980 2, ,284,46,985,97 2,020 ^ ,272,40,962,957 2, ,279,39,957,964 2,035 ^ ,29,385,953,963 2, ,34,385,944,962 2, ^ ,30,386,95,960 2, ,322,376,9^9,963 2, NONDURABLE GOODS 8,266 8,269 8,267 8,244 8,202 8,250 8,20 8,204 8,78 8,85 8,57 8,206 8,48 Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and plastics products, nee... Leather and leather products, ,442 78,080., , ,440 74,080, , ,427 79,080, , ,47 79,078, , ,432 75,076, , V3,074, , ,49 708,073, , , ,068,04 I , , ,063, ,778 90,42 702,067,036 I , ,064, , ,^33 699,062, , , ,06, TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES 4,48 4,447 4,420 4,390 4,400 4,392 4,374 4,365 4,358 4,346 4,336 4,28 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE I4,6o4 4,574 4,540 4,475 4,442 4,27 4,326 4,298 4,222 4,8 4,7 4,086 4,049 WHOLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE. 3,803 0,80 3,789 0,785 3,783 0,757 3,767 0,708 3,746 0,696 3,725 0,546 3,722 0,604 3,708 0,590 3,695 0,527 3,683 0,498 3,680 3,679 0,437] 0. 3,655 0,394 FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 3,50 3,50 3,486 3,474 3,462 3,442 3,426 3,4n 3,387 3,376 3,350 3,335 3,334 SERVICES Hotels and other lodging places Personal services Medical and other health services Educational services 0,926 0,900 0,93 0,852 0,792 73,03 2, ,0 2,826, ,05 2,80, ,07 2,795, ,07 2,779,057 0,755 0,702 0,60 0, ,022 2,760, ,023 2,738, ,07 2,79,050 75,08 2,693,029 0,548 77,09 2,678,029 0,498 0, ,08 2,660,026 77,023 2,649,028 0,425 77,09 2,625,048 GOVERNMENT FEDERAL STATE AND LOCAL 2,68 2,574 2,56 2,548 2,505 9*745 2,443 2,322 2,325 2,27 2,270 2,76 9? 50 2,75 2,256 2,232 2,34 NOTE: Data for the 2 r e prelir

53 ESTABLISHMENT DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED EMPLOYMENT B6: Production workers in industrial and construction activities seasonally adjusted Major industry group (In thousands) Ifev Mar, Feb Jan. Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July TOTAL... 8,092 8,33 8,87 8,25 8,039 8,02 7,82 7,742 7,704 7,650 7,686 7,676 7,672 MINING * li CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION 2,867 2,900 2,920 2,980 2,855 2,869 2,766 2,773 2,739 2,688 2,687 2,670 2,739 MANUFACTURING 4,734 4,740 4,774 4,740 4,692 4,663 4,568 4,524 4,476 4,474 4,52 4,523 4,449 DURABLE GOODS 8,64 8,62 8,646 8,620 8,604 8,535 8,475 8,432 8,40 8,399 8,458 8,424 8,40 Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures oo Stone, clay, and glass products ! Primary metal industries,053,052,053,048,042,038,020,009,02,023,044,042,054 Fabricated metal products,7,5,20,5,,02,093,092,073,066,068,070,060 Machinery, except electrical,378,373,365,370,360,34,357,337,332,33,322,334,33 Electrical equipment and supplies...,367,357,354,344,333,322,3,302,33,33,308,305,32 Transportation equipment I,4o4,45,433,426,439,427,42:,446,439,45,478,438,49 Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing industries NONDURABLE GOODS 6,20 6,28 6,28 6,20 6,28 6,093 6,092 6,066 6,075 6,054 6,099 6,048 6,088 Food and kindred products,200,204,206,25,205,86,9,83,87,85,204,85 Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products... Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and plastics products, nee... Leather and leather products , , , , , , , S 877,25: S to , , ,245 5^ , , , For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, data relate to construction workers. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

54 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls (In thousands) ALABAMA.. Birmingham. Huntsville.. Mobile Montgomery. Tuscaloosa. ALASKA State and area ^ O 3 75 I968 m± 76.O 0 65.O 3 7 Mining Jfer. I969 ) D) Contract construction Mir ^ Manufacturing Jfar ARIZONA. Phoenix. Tucson.. ARKANSAS... Fayetteville Fort Smith Little RockNorth Little Rock. Pine Bluff ^ II si' (I) I63.O ^ 24 5 CALIFORNIA AnaheimSanta AnaGarden Grove.. Bakersfield Fresno Los AngelesLong Beach OxnardVentura.. Sacramento San BernardinoRiversideOntario.. San Diego San FranciscoOakland San Jose... Santa Barbara Santa Rosa Stockton VallejoNapa COLORADO Denver 6, , , O , , , O 693.O , , , , , , CONNECTICUT. Bridgeport.... Hartford New Britain... New Haven... Stamford Waterbury....., , , ).'2) (2) 2) l DELAWARE Wilmington (l) 0 69.I DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA v Washington SMSA.. Northern Virginia FLORIDA Fort LauderdaleHollywood. Jacksonville Miami Orlando Pensacola TampaSt. Petersburg West Palm Beach GEORGIA , I 0, , :, , , , , a, 8 i ) See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

55 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT for States and selected areas, by industry division (In thousands) Transportation and public utilities 5^ I * I ^ Wholesale and retail trade , O ,438.0 Q O, Finance, insurance, and real estate I969 4o o.l * l.l Service s I , , I69.I , I65.O I , Government , , O Digitized for FRASER

56 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls (In thousands) State and area GEORGIA (continued) Augusta Columbus Macon Savannah Mining I968 Contract construction Manufacturing HAWAII.. Honolulu. ILLINOIS ChicagoNorthwestern Indiana.. DavenportRock IslandMoline.. Peoria Rockford ,309.4 ^ O , , ) ( L,39 r 976O , , INDIANA Evansville Fort Wayne GaryHammondEast Chicago 5 Indianapolis Muncie South Bend Terre Haute " 5, , I 90 h O towa... Cedar Rapids. Des Moines.. Dubuque... Sioux City... Waterloo Topeka. Wichita I h J I Lexington. Louisville LOUISIANA... Baton Rouge. Lake Charles. Monroe New Orleans. Shreveport.. LewistonAuburn Portland Baltimore MASSACHUSETTS... Boston Brockton Fall River LawrenceHaverhill. Lowell.. New Bedford 6 j. SpringfieldChicopeeHolyoke. Worcester,, ,26 79!,229.l, , , ,2,9, o! , , , 9., h (l) o O O ; O See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

57 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT for States and selected areas, by industry division.continued (In thousands) Transportation and public utilities *) *) * *) O Whole *) ale and retail trade O Finance, insurance, and real estate *) *) *) *) , Services *) l4i.o I *) *) *) *) I Government o Digitized for FRASER

58 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls (In thousands) TOTAL Mining Contract construction vlanufacturin g 3 h s LO LI L2 lit 5 MICHIGAN. Battle Creek.. Bay City Detroit.. Flint Grand Rapids Kalamazoo MuskegonMuskegon Heights.. Saginaw MINNESOTA MinneapolisSt. Paul 2,93 0.it I,lt6o , , ,+8 l6l.o 77.+ I ,2^ , lt,^ ,2i7.lt 5lt 73^ ) ) ) ) ) llt (!) 2.lt ) ) ) ) ij Ht. 5 ) ) CḌ 9 ( ( ( Ht «lf 50 6.t M + 3+ IO , lt 3llt 0 2 l,ll+l ^ ,2. It 3I4. 2) MISSISSIPPI Jackson Ht 76 H PO PI p? pit MISSOURI Kansas City St. Joseph St. Louis Springfield MONTANA Billings Great Falls... NEBRASKA Omaha, lt 2 lt , I 97, !t U 8.6 (2) +. a (2) 8.6 (2). ai (2) (2). 5 ( ( (2) 7.lt 2 lt + 0 tl lt5l+.o ?Q 3 NEVADA Las Vegas U9 i72.lt 9h.6 I ' J i ito + NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY Camden. Jersey City 8 Newark 8 PatersonCliftonPassaic it +7 2, lt It It7.lt 2, , I lt7.lt k It * It? NEW MEXICO lt 6 I Itlt k6 lt NEW YORK AlbanySchenectadyTroy.... Buffalo... Monroe County. Nassau and Suffolk Counties 0 New YorkNortheastem New Jersey, New York SMSA 8 New York City Westchester County 0 7, ,60 lt,835o 3, , I+ 6,57*t.O it, , lt.lt 22 lilt. 3 29^ 6,96o.lt ,+80 lt,73 3,79.^ 33*t I 29 ft 0 3 I) i + ai ft T ) ) il l) h 3H + «.it + a( a 25.lt I65.lt 05.lt llt.l lt k.k , ,756.0 l,o9t 836 Ilt6.6 5.lt 65 l+l+.l 77 lf 6 lt I3lt.it I6lt.lt,769., , i78.lt ,757.0, See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

59 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT for States and selected areas, by industry divisioncontinued (In thousands) Transportation and public utilities k * I ^ Wholesale and reta , ,35, O o , , il trade O o , I65.O, Finance, insurance, and real estate O 45.= Service s O , O, V O I O ; 5 2, , C , , I85.I O O , l Government O , o.o O , ' o Digitized for FRASER

60 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls (In thousands) State and area NORTH CAROLINA. Asheville Charlotte GreensboroWinstonSalemHigh Poim Raleigh., , , I 24 Mining I969 Contract construction Manufacturing 69 9 kl NORTH DAKOTA. FargoMoorhead (l) OHIO. Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland... Columbus Dayton Toledo Youngs townwarren. OKLAHOMA... Oklahoma City. 3, U , , ^ I ' '.4 ".4 4o ^ ^ 2 3S , ,5, , OREGON. Eugene.. Portland. Salem O PENNSYLVANIA AllentownBethlehemEaston Altoona Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton WilkesBarreHazleton York RHODE ISLAND ProvidencePawtucketWarwick k,29k 2 hj , U.lt , O, , I, II (I) 5!) ) 4 (l) 8 #i 2.\ 395! * , ^ , h o , SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston Columbia. Greenville ( ( (l SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls TENNESSEE. Chattanooga. Knoxville.. Memphis... Nashville, V7 26 2l, , TEXAS Am aril lo Austin BeaumontPort ArthurOrange Corpus Christi 3,54 3,50 3, See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for tne current month are preliminary.

61 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT for States and selected areas, by industry division.continued (In thousands) Transportation and public utilities l Wholesale and retail trade O ^ ^ Finance, insurance, and real estate O ^ Service s O I O Government IO O I 27.O c hk Digitized for FRASER

62 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT B7: Employees on nonagricultural payrolls (In thousands) State and area TEXAS (continued) Dallas El Paso '... Fort Worth GalvestonTexas City. Houston Lubbock San Antonio Waco Wichita Falls 6ol* TOTAL 60 _ 709 2*9.* *. 2 2*7 8. _ 27 Mining 8. _ 27.6 Aor l*.l 6 * Contract construction _ * * * Vlanufacturing Max *Q 30 * UTAH Salt Lake City. 3^ l*.O * * Ik Burlington Springfield ** 36. * * 8 8 ** n.o 6.6 * 6.* * VIRGINIA J Lynchburg Newport NewsHampton. NorfolkPortsmouth.... Richmond Roanoke,*09 * ,398.6 * ,36* * ** ll*.o (l) ll*.o. 9 2*5 * * 5 l*.6 90.* h.6 ll* * 89 l* H*!* * I8 35* WASHINGTON 22 SeattleEverett 23 Spokane l Tacoma,0* ,098.* 558.* 8* 07.,070 5*0 8 0 * ( 5* l*.l * ** I 65.O WEST VIRGINIA. Charleston... HuntingtonAshland. Wheeling Q. 3.i * *6.* * l*,2 * * 6.0 2l* * * 5 2 * * *. * * WISCONSIN. 30 Green Bay. 3 Kenosha.. 32 La Crosse 33 Madison.. 3U Milwaukee 35 Racine...,* ,* O * ,*39 *9.0 3* 27 5*7 5 il ) ) * x > * l*. 5 * WYOMING. 37 Casper. 38 Cheyenne O ( ) 0 [) 9.6 * l.l Combined with services. Combined with construction. Federal employment in Maryland and Virginia sectors of the Washington Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area included in data for the District of Columbia. Subarea of Washington Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Area included in ChicagoNorthwestern Indiana Standard Consolidated Area. Series revised to benchmark; not strictly comparable with previously published data. Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Area included in New YorkNortheastern New Jersey Standard Consolidated Area. Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Total includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. Services excludes agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. * Not available. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE:. Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

63 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA EMPLOYMENT for States and selected areas, by industry division.continued (In thousands) Transportation and public utilities *7, it 5 7 9it.l 2.k it ito k.l 2*2 lt it Mar* It6.lt it it lt it 77 it.l lt t k6 60.lt 0 2 lit 7.it 92.it lt lt ltl it.l it Wholesale and retail trade it it5 50.it lt it ^ 7^5 6 7 It it lit. 9 it lt , lt it 6 27I+.0 7 llt.it iti+.o It8.lt 7.it it lilt , o Finance, insurance, and real estate kl 36.it l.it 9 lt it l.lt 9!t5 3 lit. 9 9 it 60.it 8 I6 5lj.lt 3 lt 5 llt P Service s 8 2 it 5it.O 29 2lt.lt I6t I it lt it k I k.l it 0 )i 80 II6 ltit.0 5.it it 63.it lt.6 5.it 5A 79 7 t Government lt 29it.it lt ito.it 9 2lt it 6.k 25 6 lt it it * it 2lt k it.l 6.it it it Itlt.l 7 6*9 29 3* it lit. 5 6.t 2+ 5 ltit 66.lt *5 5 2 it lit lt Digitized for FRASER

64 Cl: ESTABLISHMENT DATA HISTORICAL HOURS AND EARNINGS Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private noriagricultural payrolls, 947 to date Year and month Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Total private * Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Manufacturing Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly Durable goods Average weekly earnings Average weekly hours Average hourly earnings Nondurable goods i : June July August. September.. October. November. December.. : January... February... March April. Year and month , i : June... July August September.. October... November... December... : January... February.. March April $ ,69 IO HO7 HO o 4o.o $, Q $ o l, $, , H $ * l.O $, $ Hl o.l 39 4o.i $,45 I I.67 7 I Mining Contract construction Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate $ o.i ^? 4 $, *5 5 5 $ » $ OO QJC. 89 m o.o ^ $0, i.4o $ IO76 IO , m $i.i4o I For coverage of series, see footnote, table B2. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 959. Data for the 2 r >nths are prelim Digitized for FRASER

65 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industry sic Code Industry Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings TOTAL PRIVATE. $5 $0 $5 $06.69 $04 2 $0 $3 $ , , MINING METAL MINING Iron ores Copper ores COAL MINING Bituminous coal and lignite mining... OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION Crude petroleum and natural gas fields. Oil and gas field services NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS Crushed and broken stone CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS. HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS. Highway and street construction Heavy construction, nee SP.ECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS Plumbing, heating, air conditioning... Painting, paper hanging, decorating... Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering... Roofing and sheetmetal work 5^ l6l.ll 88 I8O MO « O8 9 9,24,25, ,263 MANUFACTURING. DURABLE GOODS.. NONDURABLE GOODS Durable Goods ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES Ammunition, except for small arms Complete guided missiles Ammunition, exc. for small arms, nee I67.I * , , ,9 329 See fo LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general. Mi work, plywood & related products. Millwork Veneer and plywood Wooden containers Wooden boxes, shook, and crates.. Miscellaneous wood products FURNITURE AND FIXTURES Household furniture Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture. Mattresses and bedsprings.... Office furniture Partitions and fixtures Other furniture and fixtures STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Brick and structural clay tile Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum, and plaster products Other stone and nonmetallic mineral products Abrasive products * ^ ites at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary IOI O H IO8O

66 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industry ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS sic Code Industry Average weekly hours Average overtime hours TOTAL PRIVATE , , ,24,25, ,263 MIMING METAL MINING... Iron ores Copper ores COAL MINING Bituminous coal and lignite mining.. OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION Crude petroleum and natural gas fields Oil and gas field services NONMETALLIC MINERALS, EXCEPT FUELS Crushed and broken stone CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION GENERAL BUILDING CONTRACTORS HEAVY CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS Highway and street construction... Heavy construction, nee SPECIAL TRADE CONTRACTORS... Plumbing, heating, air conditioning.. Painting, paper hanging, decorating.. Electrical work Masonry, stonework, and plastering... Roofing and sheet metal work MANUFACTURING DURABLE GOODS NONDURABLE GOODS Durable Goods ij3.it 38.0 to 4i *6 4l.O in l.l to.o to to to ^8 to V 4 47 to.i to.4 4 4i.i l,2 to to _ _ ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES Ammunition, except for small arms.. Complete guided missiles Ammunition, exct for small arms, nee 4i.i to to.o 4l i.o 4 to to.6 to.o to.i , , ,9 329 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general Millwork, plywood & related products. Millwork Veneer and plywood Wooden containers Wooden boxes, shook, and crates... Miscellaneous wood products FURNITURE AND FIXTURES Household furniture ;... Wood household furniture Upholstered household furniture... Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Partitions and fixtures Other furniture and fixtures STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS. Flat glass... Glass and glassware, pressed or blown Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee... Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Brick and structural clay tile Pottery and related products Concrete, gypsum and plaster products Other stone and nonmetallic mineral products. Abrasive products to.6 to.4 in. 2 to to to.i to 4 _ to.4 4 4i.i to.o 39 to 39 4 to 40 4l.o to.i 4o.o to to.o 4 4 to to 39 4 to to.6 to.4 to to.i to.4 4l.l to.4 to to.o to 4 40 to to.o 4 4 to.o to 4o.6 to to.o 40.0 to to.6 to to to.6 4 to to to.4 to.6 to to.o to 4 to 4 4 to _ 3_ 6. 4 * See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

67 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued sic Code Industry Durable Goods"Continued Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings , , PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Blast furnace and basic steel products.. Blast furnaces and steel mills... Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries. Nonferrous metals Primary aluminum. Nonferrous rolling and drawing Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum rolling and drawing Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating Nonferrous foundries Aluminum castings Other nonferrous castings Miscellaneous primary metal products.., Iron and steel forgings $ $ $ $ l** $5 3 3._5 2 3_29 9 $ $ $ o $ ,3, , , ,8 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS Metal cans Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Cutlery and hand tools, incl»saws Hardware, n e c Plumbing and heating, except electric... Sanitary ware & plumbers' brass goods. Heating equipment, except electric.... Fabricated structural metal products Fabricated structural steel Metal doors, sash, and trim Fabricated plate work (boiler shops).. Sheet metal work Architectural and misc. metal work... Screw machine products, bolts, etc Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal stampings Metal services, nee Misc. fabricated wire products. Misc. fabricated metal products Valves, pipe, and pipe fittings HO Hl 9.H IH _ , , , MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL 55 Engines and turbines Steam engines and turbines Internal combustion engines, nee... Farm machinery Construction and related machinery 59 Construction and mining machinery... Oil field machinery Conveyors, hoists, cranes, monorails.. Industrial trucks and tractors Metal working machinery 74 Machine tools, metal cutting types... Special dies, tools, jigs & fixtures.. Machine tool accessories Misc. metal working machinery Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery 508 Pumps and compressors Ball and roller bearings Blowers and fans. Power transmission equipment Office and computing machines 5 Computing machines and cash registers Service industry machines 37 Refrigeration machinery Misc. machinery, except electrical H lljo i3i.ll IO9.O See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

68 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS sic Code Industry Average weekly hours Average overtime hours Q68 Durable GoodsContinued , , ,3, , , , , , , PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Blast furnace and basic steel products.. Blast furnaces and steel mills Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries Nonferrous metals Primary aluminum Nonferrous rolling and drawing. Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum rolling and drawing Nonferrous wire drawing and insulating. Nonferrous foundries. Aluminum castings Other nonferrous castings... Miscellaneous primary metal products... Iron and steel forgings FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS Metal cans, Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware. Cutlery and hand tools, incl. saws.... Hardware, n e c Plumbing and heating, except electric... Sanitary ware & plumbers' brass goods. Heating equipment, except electric... Fabricated structural metal products... Fabricated structural steel Metal doors, sash, and trim Fabricated plate work (boiler shops)... Sheet metal work Architectural and misc. metal work... Screw machine products, bolts, etc Screw machine products Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal stampings Metal services, nee Misc. fabricated wire products Misc. fabricated metal products Valves, pipe, and pipe fittings MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL Engines and turbines Steam engines and turbines Internal combustion engines, nee... Farm machinery Construction and related machinery Construction and mining machinery... Oil field machinery Conveyors, hoists, cranes, monorails.. Industrial trucks and tractors.... Metal working machinery.. Machine tools, metal cutting types..., Special dies, tools, jigs, & fixtures... Machine tool accessories Misc. metal working machinery Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery Printing trades machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and compressors Ball and roller bearings Blowers and fans Power transmission equipment Office and computing machines Computing machines and cash registers Service industry machines Refrigeration machinery... Misc. machinery, except electrical I _ O 4 4 4l l.o Q * * * o.l O g. 4_.O 5_ 3^ ~ 5 3_ _.6 3_ 3 : 6 4_ 5 5 2_ ~\ See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

69 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagsicultural payrolls, by industrycontinued Industry IQ6Q Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings Durable GoodsContinued ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES.. Electric test & distributing equipment... Electric measuring instruments Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus.. Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers... Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment... Electric lamps Lighting fixtures Wiring devices Radio and TV receiving equipment Communication equipment Telephone and telegraph apparatus... Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories.. Electron tubes Other electronic components Misc. electrical equipment & supplies Engine electrical equipment $ lto5 $ IOO $ III * lko.65 $ Hl $ $ $ $ $ H $ TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles, Passenger car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories... Truck trailers ".. Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine parts Other aircraft parts and equipment... Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing Railroad equipment Other transportation equipment HO ; INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS Engineering & scientific instruments Mechanical measuring & control devices.. Mechanical measuring devices Automatic temperature controls Optical and ophthalmic goods Ophthalmic goods Medical instruments and supplies Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, and watchcases MISa MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware... Toys and sporting goods Games, toys, dolls & play vehicles... Sporting and athletic goods, n e e... Pens, pencils, office and art supplies.... Costume jewelry and notions Other manufacturing industries Musical instruments and parts Nondurable Goods FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared meats. Poultry dressing plants ' _ 2, H H 8 5 I See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

70 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers' on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industry Continued sic Code Industry Durable GoodsContinued w Average weekly hours ifer. W p Average overtime hours p p , , ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES. Electric test & distributing equipment.. Electric measuring instruments Transformers Switchgear and switchboard apparatus.. Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers.. Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment.. Electric lamps Lighting fixtures Wiring devices Radio and TV receiving equipment... Communication equipment. Telephone and telegraph apparatus... Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories.. Electron tubes Other electronic components Misc. electrical equipment & supplies... Engine electrical equipment 4i.o 4 4 ko.k 39 4l O l.o i.o o.i o.o : , , , ,8,9 393 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles Passenger car bodies Truck and bus bodies.. Motor vehicle parts and accessories.. Truck trailers Aircraft and parts.. Aircraft ' Aircraft engines and engine parts... Other aircraft parts and equipment... Ship and boat building and repairing... Ship building and repairing Boat building and repairing. Railroad equipment Other transportation equipment INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS.. Engineering & scientific instruments Mechanical measuring & control devices. Mechanical measuring devices Automatic temperature controls Optical and ophthalmic goods Ophthalmic goods Medical instruments and supplies < Photographic equipment and supplies... Watches, clocks, and watch cases MISC. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES... Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Toys and sporting goods Games, toys, dolls, & play vehicles.. Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office and art supplies.. Costume jewelry and notions Other manufacturing industries Musical instruments and parts Nondurable Goods 4 4 4i.o o.6 4o l.o I lto 39 4o.o FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS. Meat products Meat packing plants Sausages and other prepared i Poultry dressing plants o to See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

71 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued sic Code Industry Nondurable GoodsContinued 6 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings ,6 2032, , ,2 26,2, , FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTSContinued Dairy products Ice cream and frozen desserts «. Fluid milk Canned, cured, and frozen foods Canned, cured, and frozen sea foods... Canned food, except sea foods Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products... Prepared feeds for animals and fowls... Bakery products. Bread, cake, and related products Cookies and crackers. Sugar Confectionery and related products... Confectionery products Beverages Malt liquors Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. foods and kindred products TOBACCO MANUFACTURES.... Cigarettes Cigars... TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks... Hosiery, nee Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Textile finishing, except wool Floor covering mills... Yarn and thread mills Miscellaneous textile goods APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear.. Men's and boys' separate trousers Men's and boys' work clothing... Women's'and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and waists.. Women's and misses' dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats.. Women's and misses' outerwear, n e e. Women's and children's undergarments... Women's and children's underwear Corsets and allied garments Hats, caps, and millinery Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses.. Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel Misc. fabricated textile products Housefurnishings PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Paper and pulp mills Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Bags, except textile bags, Paperboard containers and boxes... Folding and setup paperboard boxes.. Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers" $ ^ 3k" I ^ $ ^ II $ IOI ll ^ IH H85 $ IIO I b $ \\% II4 $ I * $ l.? $ $ I ^ See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

72 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS sic Code Nondurable GoodsContinued Average weekly hours Average overtime hours ,6 2032, , , ,2, , FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTSContinued Dairy products Ice cream and frozen desserts..:... Fluid milk Canned, cured, and frozen foods Canned, cured and frozen sea foods. Canned food, except sea foods Frozen fruits and vegetables Grain mill products Flour and other rrain mill product.. Prepared feeds for animals and fowls Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products... Cookies and crackers Sugar Confectionery and related products... Confectionery products Beverages Malt liquors Bottled and canned soft drinks Misc. foods and kindred products TOBACCO MANUFACTURES Cigarettes Cigars TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics ; Weaving and finishing mills, v/ool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks Hosiery, nee.. Knit outerwear mills Knit underwear mills Textile finishing, except wool Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Miscellaneous textile goods APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS Men's and boys' suits and coats Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and night wear Men's and boys' separate trousers... Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and misses' outerwear Women's and misses' blouses and waists Women's and misses', dresses Women's and misses' suits and coats Women's and misses' outerwear, nee Women's and children's undergarments. Women's and children's underwear... Corsets and allied garments Hats, caps, and millinery Children's outerwear Children's dresses and blouses Fur goods and miscellaneous apparel.. Misc. fabricated textile products Housefurnishings PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS '. Paper and pulp mills Paperboard mills Misc. converted paper products Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding and setup paperboard boxes. Corrugated and solid fiber boxes Sanitary food containers l.l _ 4l l.l o.o *4 38.O ko.k ; o.o 40 4o o.i _ _ _ «9 4 3 _ d 5 6 See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

73 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricuitural payrolls, by industrycontinued sic Code Industry Nondurable GoodsContinued Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings ,6,7, , ,2 286, , ,3, ,3,57, PRINTING AND PUBLISHING Newspapers Periodicals Books Commercial printing Commercial printing, ex. lithographic Commercial printing, lithographic... Blankbooks and bookbinding Other publishing & printing ind CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS... Industrial chemicals Alkalies and chlorine Industrial organic chemicals, nee. Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee. Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Synthetic fibers Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods... Soap and other detergents Toilet preparations. Paints and allied products Agricultural chemicals Fertilizers, complete & mixing only. Other chemical products Explosives PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Petroleum refining Other petroleum and coal products... RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS, N E C Tires and inner tubes Other rubber products Rubber footwear Miscellaneous plastics products LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Other leather products Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods., TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES: _ V H $ I $ to ll $ H $ $ $ H $ ^ 9 ^ $ $ RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION: Class I railroads 2 LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSIT: Local and suburban transportation Intercity highway transportation t> , TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING Trucking and trucking terminals Public warehousing PIPE LINE TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATION Telephone communication Switchboard operating employees 3.. Line construction employees'* Telegraph communication^ Radio and television broadcasting See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

74 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricuitural payrolls, by industry Continued ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS sic Code Industry Nondurable GoodsContinued Avera ge weekly hours Average overtime hours ,6,7, , ,2 286, , , 3, ,3,57, PRINTING AND PUBLISHING Newspapers Periodicals Books.. Commercial printing Commercial printing, ex. lithographic Commercial printing, lithographic... Blankbooks and bookbinding Other publishing & printing ind. CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS.. Industrial chemicals Alkalies and chlorine Industrial organic chemicals, nee... Industrial inorganic chemicals, nee. Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Synthetic fibers Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods Soap and other detergents Toilet preparations Paints and allied products Agricultural chemicals Fertilizers, complete & mixing only.. Other chemical products Explosives PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Petroleum refining» Other petroleum and coal products RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC.. Tires and inner tubes Other rubber products Rubber footwear Miscellaneous plastics products LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS. Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber Other leather products Luggage Handbags and personal leather goods.. TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES: RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION: Class I railroads i.o ^ ^ ^ i.o ^ * ^ o.o ^ * 5 L , LOCAL AND INTERURBAN PASSENGER TRANSIT: Local and suburban transportation Intercity highway transportation... TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING Trucking and trucking terminals... Public warehousing PIPE LINE TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATION Telephone communication Switchboard operating employees 3.. Line construction employees 4 Telegraph communication 3 Radio and television broadcasting : ^ 37.6 _ See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

75 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued sic Code Industry 6 Average weekly earnings Average hourly earnings TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES Continued ELECTRIC, GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES Electric companies and systems Gas companies and systems Combination companies and systems... Water, steam, & sanitary systems $56, $ $ BO 2,36 $ $ $ $ $ ,55, ,2 553, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE WHOLESALE TRADE Motor vehicles & automotive equipment. Drugs, chemicals, and allied products.. Dry goods and apparel Groceries and related products Electrical goods, Hardware; plumbing & heating equipmcm Machinery, equipment, and supplies... Miscellaneous wholesalers RETAIL TRADE... Retail general merchandise Department stores Mail order houses Variety stores Food stores Grocery, meat, and vegetable stores.. Apparel and accessory stores Men's & boys' clothing & furnishings. Women's readytowear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores Furniture and home furnishings stores.. Furniture and home furnishings Eating and drinking places Other retail trade Building materials and farm equipment Motor vehicle dealers Other automotive & accessory dealers. Drug stores and proprietary stores. Book and stationery stores...'. Fuel and ice dealers FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE 7 Banking Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations... Security, commodity brokers & service; Insurance carriers Life insurance ; Accident and health insurance Fire, marine, and casualty insurance.. SERVICES: Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels, tourist courts, and motels... Personal Services: Laundries and dry cleaning plants... Photographic studios Motion pictures: Motion picture filming & distributing. $ ^ b , OI 80 i23.ll O IH $ ^ \t, I9, I7 5 NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

76 C2: Gross hours and earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, by industrycontinued ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS sic Code Industry 6 IQ6Q Average weekly hours IQ6Q Average overtime hours " Q69 TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES~Co»/M«erf ELECTRIC. GAS, AND SANITARY SERVICES Electric companies and systems Gas companies and systems Combination companies and systems.. Water, steam & sanitary systems 3 4 ko 4 4o * o ,55, ,2 553, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE WHOLESALE TRADE Motor vehicles & automotive equipment. Drugs, chemicals, and allied products... Dry goods and apparel Groceries and related products Electrical goods Hardware; plumbing & heating equipment Machinery, equipment, and supplies. Miscellaneous wholesalers RETAIL TRADE Retail general merchandise Department stores... Mail order houses Variety stores Food stores Grocery, meat, and vegetable stores... Apparel and accessory stores Men's & boys' clothing & furnishings. Women's readytowear stores Family clothing stores Shoe stores Furniture and home furnishings stores.. Furniture and home furnishings Eating and drinking places 6 Other retail trade Building materials and farm equipment Motor vehicle dealers Other automotive & accessory dealers. Drug stores and proprietary stores... Book and stationery stores Fuel and ice dealers FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE' Banking Credit agencies other than banks Savings and loan associations Security, commodity brokers & services. Insurance carriers Life insurance Accident and health insurance. Fire,marine, and casualty insurance.. SERVICES: Hotels and other lodging places: Hotels, tourist courts, and motels Personal Services: Laundries & dry cleaning plants Photographic studios Motion pictures: Motion picture filming & distributing., o.l l.O O 40 4i.o o o.o 4l.o o.o o.o ; For coverage of series, see footnote, table B2. 2 Beginning January 965, data relate to railroads with operating revenues of $5,000,000 or more. December : $55.49, $5, and 4. Annual averages : $52, $4, and 4. ^Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as switchboard operators; service assistants; operating room instructors; and paystation attendants. In 966, such employees made up 33 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data. ^Data relate to employees in such occupations in the telephone industry as central office craftsmen; installation and exchange repair craftsmen; line, cable, and conduit craftsmen; and laborers. In 966, such employees made up 33 percent of the total number of nonsupervisory employees in establishments reporting hours and earnings data. ^Data relate to nonsupervisory employees except messengers. *Money payments only; tips, not included. 7 Data for nonoffice salesmen excluded from all series in this division. *Not available. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

77 ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS Item Total employment Average weekly hours Average overtime hours... Indexes (965=00): Average weekly earnings.. Average hourly earnings... Total employment Average weekly hours Indexes (965=00): Average weekly earnings.. Average hourly earnings... Total employment Average weekly hours Average.overtime hours... Indexes (965=00): Average weekly earnings... Average hourly earnings... Total employment Average weekly hours Average overtime hours... Indexes (965=00): Average weekly earnings... Average hourly earnings... C3: Employment, hours, and indexes of earnings in the Executive Branch of the Federal Government (Employment in thousandsincludes both supervisory and nonsupervisory employees) Feb. Jan. 2, , , , , H7 20,3 40 H Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July June 2, , , , ,09 ito.o n4.o EXECUTIVE BRANCH 2, , , DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE,09 4o.i 4 6, , POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT OTHER AGENCIES H7 2, , IO , ,46 HO U , , , , , , I 38 NOTE: Averages presented in this table have been computed using data collected by the U.S. Civil Service Commission from all agencies of the executive branch of the Federal Govern the data cover both salaried workers and hourly paid wageboard employees. Since these averages relate to hours and earnings of all workers, both supervisory and nonsupervisory, they are n comparable to similar data presented in table C2 which relate only to production or nonsupervisory workers. C4: Average hourly earnings excluding overtime of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by industry Major industry group MANUFACTURING. $3 DURABLE GOODS. Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products.. Machinery, except electrical... Electrical equipment and supplies.... Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing industries. NONDURABLE GOODS. 7 Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products.. Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products... Petroleum and coal products Rubber and plastics products, nee. Leather and leather products $ (2) Average hourly earnings excluding overtime $0 ^Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and onehalf. 2 Not available as average overtime rates are significantly above time and onehalf. Inclusion of data for the group in the nondurable goods total has little effect. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary (2) $ (2) $ (2)

78 TOTAL PRIVATE: Current dollars dollars... MINING: Current dollars dollars... CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION: Current dollars dollars MANUFACTURING: Current dollars dollars... ESTABLISHMENT DATA HOURS AND EARNINGS C5: Gross and spendable average weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE: Current dollars dollars FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE: Current dollars dollars i on private nonagricultural payrolls, in current and dollars Gross average weekly earnings $ $ $04 87.ll Spendable average weekly earn ings Worker with no dependents Worker viath three dependents $ $ IIO $ IO O I969 $ ?8 77 $ ^or coverage of series, see footnote, table B2. NOTE: Beginning April, data reflect the income tax surcharge imposed by the Revenue and Expenditure Control Act of. Data for the current month are preliminary. C6: Indexes of aggregate weekly manhours and payrolls in industrial and construction activities TOTAL MINING Industry CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION MANUFACTURING = Manhours I H $ SfcB DURABLE GOODS Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical equipment and supplies Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing industries NONDURABLE GOODS c IO9 IO IO8 IO n4.o Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products... Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and plastics products, nee Leather and leather products I Payrolls MINING CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION MANUFACTURING IO O 59 NOTE: Data for the 2 r nths are prelimin O (

79 ESTABLISHMENT DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED HOURS C7: Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonagricultural payrolls, seasonally adjusted Industry Feb. Jan. Dec. Nov. Oct. Sept. Aug. July June TOTAL PRIVATE MINING * * * *3.* * to. 3 * *3.* * * CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION MANUFACTURING Overtime hours DURABLE GOODS Overtime hours Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products. Machinery, except electrical Electrical equipment and supplies Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Miscellaneous manufacturing industries.. NONDURABLE GOODS Overtime hours, Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures, Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Paper and allied "products, Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products, Rubber and plastics products, nee Leather and leather products... *0 to * *0 * * + * * *0 * *0.6 39* *0 38. *0 35 * 38 * * * 37 *0 ** *0 *0.0 *0 i*i» 9 * * * *0 ln.6 *0 39* 39 3* * 35 * 35 *33 38 to. 5 * * ** to *0 *0 *0 * to * * * *0 * * * U0 36.* * 35 *33 38 * ** 37.6 *0 * *0 *0 *0 * to. 2 to * * 39 to *0 38 *0. 35 * 37 * * *0 35 *0.6 * *0. *0.0 *0 to * to to to.* ** ** *0.* to.i* * *0 36 *0 36 *33 38 * * ** 37.* *0 to. 2 to. 3 to * * *0.* * *0 * * * *6 36 ** 36 * 38.* * ** to. 3 to to to.6 to.i* 37.6 *0 to l *0.* *0.* to * * * *0.6 * * * * * 35 * 38.* to to * * 37 to.o to.6 i*.o *0 *0 * * *0 * * * * 36.* * 38.6 * 38 * to * * *0 * to. 3 *0 * ** *0 * * *0. *0 38 * 36 * 38.* * 38.* *0 to.i to.6 to. 3 * *0 *0.6 to to * to to to to * *0 to * * * * 36.0 * 38.* to * * 37 *0 to *0 *0 * * *0 * * *0 B.I * to to. 2 to * 36.* * 36 * B * * 38. *0 to *0 to.i * * *0.6 * * *0.0 3.* * 38 to * to to 38 *0 to to *0 * to * to *0 * * * * WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE WHOLESALE TRADE RETAIL TRADE FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE * * *0. 3l* *0. 3* *0.0 3* * *0.0 3* *0. 3* *0 3* *0 3* *0. 3* *0 3* * For coverage of series, see footnote, table B2. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

80 ESTABLISHMENT DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C8: Indexes off aggregate weekly manhours in industrial and construction activities seasonally adjusted 95759=00 Industry Feb. Jan. Dec. Oct. Sept. Aug. July June TOTAL 8.0 H H5 5 MINING I CONTRACT CONSTRUCTION MANUFACTURING H8 7 DURABLE GOODS Ordnance and accessories Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Stone, clay, and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electrical equipment and supplies... Transportation equipment Instruments and related products... Miscellaneous manufacturing industries n4.o ^ I 98.O lll.l V U O IO IO9.6 NONDURABLE GOODS 0 0 Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products. Apparel and other textile products... Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and plastics products, nee... Leather and leather products H H IO7.O 20 H ^ For mining and manufacturing, data refer to production and related workers; for contract construction, data relate to construction workers. NOTE: Data for the 2 most recent months are preliminary.

81 OUTPUT PER MANHOUR SEASONALLY ADJUSTED C9: Output per manhour, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, private economy, seasonally adjusted (Indexes = 00) Year and quarter Output Private nonfarm Private Private nonfarm Private Output per manhour Private nonfarm Compensation per manhour x Private Private nonfarm Real compensation per manhour 2 Private Private nonfarm Unit labor costs Private Private nonfarm 966: st Quarter 2d Quarter.... 3d Quarter.... 4th Quarter.... Annual average : st Quarter 2d Quarter.... 3d Quarter.... 4th Quarter Annual average : st Quarter.... 2d Quarter.... 3d Quarter... 4th Quarter Annual average ' : st Quarter Percent change from previous quarter 3 966: st Quarter 2d Quarter 3d Quarter 4th Quarter : st Quarter 2d Quarter 3d Quarter 4th Quarter : st Quarter 2d Quarter 3d Quarter 4th Quarter : st Quarter Annual percent change 4 Year ending : st Quarter 2d Quarter 3d Quarter 4th Quarter : st Quarter Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. Also includes an estimate of wages B «5aariM ana supplementary payments for the selfemployed. ' a<< " es ma ' 2 Compensation per manhour adjusted for changes in the consumer price index. 3 Percent change based on aggregates. 4 Average for 2 months ending with quarter, divided by average for preceding 2 months. Source: Output data from the Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department of Commerce. Manhours and compensation of all persons from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. See BLS Handbook of Methods for Surveys and Studies Chapter 22. Output Per ManHour Measures, Private Economy.

82 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS C0: Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areas ALABAMA. Birminghatn Mobile.. State and area ALASKA, ARIZONA Phoenix Tucson ARKANSAS.. Fort Smith Little RockNorth Little Rock. Pine Bluff CALIFORNIA AnaheimSanta AnaGarden Grove Bakersfield... Fresno Los AngelesLong Beach... OxnardVentura Sacramento San BernardinoRiversideOntario San Diego San FranciscoOakland... San Jose Santa Barbara Santa Rosa.. *.. Stockton VallejoNapa Average weekly earnings $05 $08.65 $ Average weekly hours Apr* Average hourly earnings $8 $5 $ <*) COLORADO Denver CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Hartford New Britain, New Haven Stamford... w Waterbury DELAWARE Wilmington DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA : Washington SMSA ; FLORIDA Fort LauderdaleHollywood... Jacksonville Miami Orlando Pensacola TampaSt. Petersburg West Palm Beach GEORGIA Atlanta Savannah HAWAII Honolulu IDAHO ILLINOIS Chicago... DavenportRock IslandMoline <*) See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

83 ESTABLISHMENT DATA at STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS C0: Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areascontinued ILLINOIS (continued) Rockford. INDIANA IOWA... Dubuque KANSAS Wichita KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND y *y MINNESOTA MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI NEBRASKA Avers $ ge weekly earnings $ $ Average weekly hours U Average hourly earnings $ » $ ' $ , See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data f r the current month are prelimin Digitized for FRASER

84 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS NEVADA. C0: Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areascontinued State and area $50 Average weekly earnings $46.69 $ Average weekly hours 38 Apr* 38 $0 Average hourly earnings $4 $6 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Manchester NEW JERSEY Atlantic City Camden Jersey City Newark 2 Paters onc liftonpa s sa ic 2 Perth Amboy 2 Trenton NEW MEXICO Albuquerque , : NEW YORK AlbanySchenectadyTroy Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Monroe County Nassau and Suffolk Counties 4... New YorkNortheastern New Jersey New York SMSA 2 New York City 4 Rochester Rockland County 4 Syracuse UticaRome Westchester County 4 NORTHCAROLINA. Asheville Charlotte GreensboroWinstonSalemHigh Point. Raleigh NORTH DAKOTA. FargoMoorhead. OHIO Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Toledo YoungstownWarren. OKLAHOMA.... Oklahoma City. Tulsa , OREGON.. Eugene.. Portland. PENNSYLVANIA AllentownBethlehemEaston. Altoona Erie Harris burg Johnstown Lancaster. Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton WilkesBarreHazleton.... York See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

85 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA HOURS AND EARNINGS C0: Gross hours and earnings of production workers on manufacturing payrolls, by State and selected areascontinued State and area RHODE ISLAND ProvidencePawtucketWarwick SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Greenville Apr* $ Average weekly earnings $ $ Average weekly hours $ Average hourly earnings $ $ SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls O93 TENNESSEE Chattanooga, Knoxville, Memphis, Nashville 02, TEXAS Amarillo, Austin BeaumontPort ArthurOrange.. Corpus Christi, Dallas, El Paso Fort Worth, GalvestonTexas City, Houston Lubbock San Antonio Waco Wichita Falls UTAH Salt Lake City VERMONT Burlington Springfield VIRGINIA Lynchburg NorfolkPortsmouth... Richmond Roanoke * WASHINGTON SeattleEverett Spokane. Tacoma WEST VIRGINIA Charleston. HuntingtonAshland Wheeling WISCONSIN Green Bay Kenosha, La Crosse Madison Milwaukee, Racine, WYOMING Casper Subarea of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Standard Metropolitan Statisticial Area. 2 Area included in New YorkNortheastern New Jersey Standard Consolidated Area. 3 Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. 4 Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. *Not available. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

86 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER DIi Labor turnover rates in manufacturing 958 to date (Per 00 employees) Ye«r Feb. July Aug. Sept. NOT. Total accessions l I * ,.. k.o k.l k.6 k k k.6 0 h k k.l k.o j. ( k.o k k.k k.l 3k k.o k.o 0 ft k.6 * k.k k k *3 5 Q k.i k.6 k.6 k.l 5.4 k.l k k.k k.k k.6 k k ^ k 4 5 k k.q 3.k k.l k ^ k n ^ ^ 3k 3k Q O J*^ 0 f. ti.o * New hires I ? ,.. 3.k 3* ^ 4 Total separations 3.k 4 k k.l x I & *. 5.k k.l k k k?' k k.l k.6 k.l 3.^ k k k 3^ ^ k fc k k k 4 k.l k ^ k 4 Quits 9587: I * l.l l.l l.l u k l«3 Layoffs I l.y ^Beginning with January 959, transfers between establishments of the same firm are included in total accessions and total separations, therefore rates for these items are not strictly comparable with prior data. Transfers comprise part of other accessions and other separations, the rates for which are not shown separately. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 959. This inclusion has not significantly affected the labor turnover series. Data for the current month are preliminary.

87 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER D2: Labor turnover rates, by industry SIC Code Industry (Per 00 employees) Accession rates Apr, Total Separation rates Quits I969 Layoffs MANUFACTURING ,24,25, ,263 DURABLE GOODS NONDURABLE GOODS. k k.6 k.k 3k 3k 4 4 Durable Goods 9 92 ORDNANCE AND ACCESSORIES Ammunition, except for small arms... 2.k ,2 249 LUMBER AND WOOD PRODUCTS Sawmills and planing mills Sawmills and planing mills, general., Millwork, plywood & related products... Hillwork Veneer and plywood Wooden containers Wooden boxes, shook, and crates.... Miscellaneous wood products k k.k FURNITURE AND FIXTURES Household furniture *Wood household furniture., Upholstered household furniture...., Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture k l STONE, CLAY, AND GLASS PRODUCTS Flat glass Glass and glassware, pressed or blown.. Glass containers Pressed and blown glass, nee..... Cement, hydraulic Structural clay products Brick and structural clay tile Pottery and related products Abrasive products k k.k 5 72 k :f (i) , , PRIMARY METAL INDUSTRIES Blast furnace and basic steel products.. Blast furnaces and steel mills Iron and steel foundries Gray iron foundries Malleable iron foundries Steel foundries Nonferrous metals Nonferrous rolling and drawing, Copper rolling and drawing Aluminum rolling and drawing Nonferrous wire drawing, and insulatin, Nonferrous foundries Aluminum castings Other nonferrous castings Miscellaneous primary metal products... Iron and steel forgings (2) k k.k k k (2) k 5 2.k n I' (2) (2) See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

88 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER D2 : Labor turnover rates, by industrycontinued SIC Code ,3, , , , , , , , , Industry Durable GoodsContinued FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS Metal cans Cutlery, hand tools, and hardware Cutlery and hand tools, incl. saws Hardware, nee... Plumbing and heating, except electric Sanitary ware & plumbers' brass goods Heating equipment, except electric Fabricated structural metal products Fabricated structural steel Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) Architectural and misc. metal work. Screw machine products, bolts, etc Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers Metal stampings Misc. fabricated wire products Misc. fabricated metal products. Valves, pipe, and pipe fittings MACHINERY, EXCEPT ELECTRICAL Engines and turbines Steam engines and turbines, Internal combustion engines, nee Farm machinery Construction and related machinery Construction and mining machinery Oil field machinery Conveyors, hoists, cranes, monorails Metal working machinery. Machine tools, metal cutting types Machine tool accessories Misc. metal working machinery Special industry machinery Food products machinery Textile machinery General industrial machinery Pumps and compressors Ball and roller bearings Power transmission equipment, Office and computing machines Computing machines and cash registers Service industry machines Refrigeration machinery ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES Electric test & distributing equipment Electric measuring instruments Transformers, Switchgear and switchboard apparatus Electrical industrial apparatus Motors and generators Industrial controls Household appliances Household refrigerators and freezers Household laundry equipment Electric housewares and fans Electric lighting and wiring equipment Electric lamps Lighting fixtures." Wiring devices. Radio and TV receiving equipment Communication equipment. Telephone and telegraph apparatus Radio and TV communication equipment Electronic components and accessories Electron tubes Other electronic components Misc. electrical equipment & supplies Engine electrical equipment See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. (Per 00 employees) Accession rates k.o k 5 5.k 5*7 3.k 6 k.k (2) 5 k.k k.l 3.k k 2.k 2.k 2.k 53 5 k.l 6 k.q 5.k 2.k (2) k 5 k k.o k k 6.6 k.l 3.k k.l 6 k.q k k k.o 5 5 k.o k.l k.o k k 5 k k.l k.l k.q k.k k.6 5 k 5 k.l (2) 5 li.l 3k k.l 5 2.k k.k (2) 5 k.o k.o k.l (2) k.l k 52 k.q k.l k.o 5 k.k k k II k.o 4. 3k k k.o Apr k k k k.6 k k.q 5 3.k k (2) k k.k k k.l *.O 2.k k.o k 30 k.o k.l k (2) k.q k.6 (2) k k k 3.k k.k 5k k 5 k.l k.6 k k 3k 2.k k k.k 3.k k.l k k.6 6 k k.l k 3.k Separation rates Quits p (2) k.o 2.k l.k 2.k (2) 3.k 2.k (2) l.t 2.k 2.k 3.k 2.k k l.ḳ 8 2.k 2.k l.k l.k 0.6,k '.k.k.6 (S?.k k d? (l)!6 (2).k (2) l'.6.6.4

89 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER D2: Labor turnover rates, by industrycontinued SIC Code Industry (Per 00 employees) Accession rates Mar, iipr. Separation rates Quits Layoffs p Durable GoodsContinued , ,9 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT Motor vehicles and equipment Motor vehicles Passenger car bodies Truck and bus bodies Motor vehicle parts and accessories Aircraft and parts Aircraft Aircraft engines and engine.parts Other aircraft parts and equipment Ship and boat building and repairing Ship building and repairing Railroad equipment... Other transportation equipment 39 (2) 8 2) 2) k.o 5 k.q l.k ) 2) 2) 2) 2) k.k ) 2) 2) 2) (2) , INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS Engineering 8c scientific instruments Mechanical measuring & control.devices.... Mechanical measuring devices Automatic temperature controls Optical and Ophthalmic goods Medical instruments and supplies Photographic equipment and supplies Watches, clocks, and watchcases 3. 2.k 37 (2) k.k k.o (2) 3 (2) 3 5 (2).6.4 (2) ,8,9 MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES Jewelry, silverware, and plated ware Toys and sporting goods Games, toys, dolls, & play vehicles..... Sporting and athletic goods, nee Pens, pencils, office and art supplies Costume jewelry and notions Other manufacturing industries 6 k.l k.k 6 4 H ^ 8.0 k.l k.k : Nondurable Goods FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS Meat products Meat packing plants Poultry dressing plants Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products. Prepared feeds for animals and fowls Bakery products Bread, cake, and related products.. Cookies and crackers Confectionery and related products... Confectionery products Beverages Malt liquors TOBACCO MANUFACTURES Cigarettes Cigars See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary Kk k 8 3, k.k 6.k S3.4.k.6!4

90 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER D2: Labor turnover rates, by industrycontinued SIC Code Industry (Per 00 employees) Accession rates Separation rates Quits Layoffs Nondurable GoodsContinue' TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS Weaving mills, cotton Weaving mills, synthetics Weaving and finishing mills, wool Narrow fabric mills Knitting mills Women's hosiery, except socks. Hosiery, n e c Knit underwear mills Textile finishing, except wool Floor covering mills Yarn and thread mills Miscellaneous textile goods * ^ ' APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS Men's and boys' suits and coats.. Men's and boys' furnishings Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear.... Men's and boys' separate trousers Men's and boys' work clothing Women's and children's undergarments Women's and children's underwear Corsets and allied garments ^ ,2, , PAPER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Paper and pulp mills Paperboard mills. Misc. converted paper products Bags, except textile bags Paperboard containers and boxes Folding and setup paperboard boxes Corrugated and solid fiber boxes ' , u :.6 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING , ,9 CHEMICALS AND ALLIED PRODUCTS Industrial chemicals Plastics materials and synthetics Plastics materials and resins Synthetic fibers Drugs Pharmaceutical preparations^. Soap, cleaners, and toilet goods. Soap and other detergents Toilet preparations* Paints and allied products Other chemical products ,9 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS Petroleum refining Other petroleum and coal products ,3,6 307 RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NEC. Tires and inner tubes Other rubber products Miscellaneous plastics products ^ See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

91 ESTABLISHMENT DATA LABOR TURNOVER D2: Labor turnover rates, by industrycontinued SIC Code (Per 00 employees) Accession rates Total Separation rates Quits Layoffs Nondurable GoodsContinued LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS Leather tanning and finishing Footwear, except rubber I' NONMANUFACTURING ,2 2 METAL MINING Iron ores Copper ores COAL MINING Bituminous coal and lignite mining 55 2.k.k COMMUNICATION: Telephone communication Telegraph communication 3 iless than Not available. 3 Data relate to all employees except messengers. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

92 «ESTABLISHMENT DATA SEASONALLY ADJUSTED LABOR TURNOVER D3: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing, 958 to date seasonally adjusted (Per 00 employees) Jan. Feb. July Aug. Sept i , 962.., 9* , , , S 4 3o8 4.. U Total accessions I * New hires Total separations I960.. ift: 538:: 5ft: fci Quits * I , 965., 966., , Layoffs I 'Beginning with January 939, transfers between establishments of the same firm are. included in total accessions and total separations, therefore rates for these items a t strictly comparable with prior data. Transfers comprise part of other accessions and other separations, the rates for which are not shown separately. NOTE: Data include Alaska and Hawaii beginning 959. This inclusion has not significantly affected the labor turnover series. Data for the current month are preliminary.

93 ( ) ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER D4: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areas ALABAMA: Birmingham. Mobile.. ALASKA. ARIZONA. Phoenix. State and area ARKANSAS Fort Smith Little RockNorth Little Rock. Pine Bluff CALIFORNIA Los AngelesLong Beach COLORADO Denver... CONNECTICUT. Hartford k (Per 00 employees) Accession rates New hires * k 3 2.k d.k k k.k k.l k.l k XL.k k.l k k.i Feb k k.l 6 k k Separation rates Quits Max. k aw5 k 5 () 6.0 Layoffs.6 (2) ( ).6.k Feb u DELAWARE Wilmington 2.k l.k DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Washington SMSA FLORIDA Fort LauderdaleHollywood. Jacksonville Miami Orlando Pensacola TampaSt. Petersburg.... West Palm Beach GEORGIA. Atlanta 3 HAWAII l.k 8 k k 6. l.k 7 k.k k 3A 5 9 k k.q 6 l.k 6 k.l k.l 2, k 8 5k 5 3.* k.q k 6 k 5 k.l k.l 6. 3.* k l.k k.l.. 2.k. '.6..6 (2) IDAHO 5. ILLINOIS: Chicago. 6 k.o k.q k 8 k.k 6.6 INDIANA Indianapolis 39 IOWA. Cedar Rapids. Des Moines.. KANSAS. Topeka. Wichita. KENTUCKY. Louisville. () k.l ( ).6 B 5 () LOUISIANA: New Orleans 7 k MAINE... Portland. MARYLAND Baltimore. 5 k.o. k 2.k 3^6 l.k l.k See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary.

94 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER D4: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areascontinued (Per 00 employees) MASSACHUSETTS. Boston MICHIGAN Detroit.. MINNESOTA DuluthSuperior MinneapolisSt. Paul. State and area 4 4 Feb. ( & New hires Feb. Q69 Feb. 7 Layoffs Feb. 0 MISSISSIPPI: Jackson... 5 MISSOURI... Kansas City St. Louis.. MONTANA.e NEBRASKA NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY: Jersey City Newark PatersonCliftonPassaic. Perth Amboy Trenton 3 4.o NEW YORK AlbanySchenectadyTroy... Binghamton Buffalo Elmira Monroe County Nassau and Suffolk Counties 9 New York SMSA New York City 9 Rochester Syracuse UticaRome Westchester County ^ NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte GreensboroWinstonSalemHigh Point. 3.X , NORTH DAKOTA. FargoMoorhead ' 0 OHIO Akron ;. Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Toledo YoungstownWarren OKLAHOMA: Oklahoma City. Tulsa 0 OREGON Portland See footnotes at end of table. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary O 69 7

95 ESTABLISHMENT DATA STATE AND AREA LABOR TURNOVER D4: Labor turnover rates in manufacturing for selected States and areascontinued State and area PENNSYLVANIA: AllentownBethlehemEaston.. Altoona Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster... Philadelphia Pittsburgh Reading Scranton WilkesBarreHazleton York RHODE ISLAND ProvidencePawtucketWarwick (Per 00 employees) Accession rates New hires Feb. Feb. U 3 #.6 k.o k.q k.q k.q. 2.k k.k k Feb. k 3.k k.l k k k.6 Separation rates 2.k l.k Feb. 0.6.k 9 9 Layoffs Feb '.k SOUTH CAROLINA: Greenville k.6 k.k k.q k SOUTH DAKOTA. Sioux Falls. k.o k 6.k 2.k TENNESSEE: Memphis *.... k.q k.6 TEXAS Dallas Fort Worth Houston San Antonio *) *) *) *) UTAH 5 Salt Lake City 5 VERMONT Burlington Springfield VIRGINIA Richmond... k.o 9 5. WASHINGTON: SeattleEverett 3k 2.k.6.6 WEST VIRGINIA: Charleston WISCONSIN Milwaukee WYOMING k 6 k.6 3.k Excludes canning and preserving. Less than Excludes agricultural chemicals and miscellaneous manufacturing. Excludes canned fruits, vegetables, preserves, jams and jellies. Excludes canning and preserving, and sugar. Excludes canning and preserving, and newspapers. Excludes printing and publishing. Subarea of Rochester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Subarea of New York Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. Excludes newhire rate for transportation equipment. Excludes canning and preserving, printing and publishing. Not available. NOTE: Data for the current month are preliminary. SOURCE: Cooperating State agencies listed on inside back cover.

96 UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE DATA El: Insured unemployment under State programs (Week including the 2th of the month) April Number (in thousands) change to fur >m April Rate (percent of average covered employment) April TOTAL".. SEASONALLY ADJUSTED. 9 5, 0 5 2, L Alabama. Alaska.. Arizona.. Arkansas. California*.. Colorado... Connecticut. Delaware... District of Colu Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho.. Illinois. Indiana. Iowa... Kansas.. Kentucky. Louisiana Maine... Maryland... Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota... Mississippi Missouri.. Montana.. Nebraska.. Nevada New Hampshire. New Jersey... New Mexico... New York. North Carolina, North Dakota., Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania.. Puerto Rico.?. Rhode Island. South Carolina South Dakota. Tennessee... Texas.. Utah... Vermont Virginia. Washington... West Virginia. Wisconsin.., Wyoming ibia Based on unrounded data; changes of less than 50 not shown. "include data under the program for Puerto Rico's sugarcane workers. as comparable covered employment data are not yet available B Rates exclude the sugarcane workers Excludes Insured unemployment under extended duration provisions of regular State laws ' R

97 UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE DATA 00 E2: Insured unemployment in 50 major labor areas 2 (In thousands, for week including the 2th of the month) State and area April State and area April State and area April State and area April ALABAMA Birmingham Mobile ARIZONA Phoenix... ARKANSAS Little Rock. CALIFORNIA AnaheimS. Ana Garden Grove. Fresno Los Angeles Sacramento San Bernardino.. San Diego San Francisco.. San Jose Stockton COLORADO Denver CONNECTICUT Bridgeport Hartford New Britain New Haven Stamford Water bury DELAWARE Wilmington DIST. OF COL. Washington FLORIDA Jacksonville..., Miami, Tampa, INDIANA Evansville Ft. Wayne Gary Hammond.. Indianapolis South Bend Terre Haute IOWA Cedar Rapids. Des Moines... KANSAS Wichita KENTUCKY Louisville LOUISIANA Baton Rouge.. New Orleans. Shreveport... MAINE Portland., MARYLAND Baltimore MASSACHUSETTS Boston Brockton Fall River Lawrence Lowell New Bedford... Springfield Worcester MICHIGAN Battle Creek. Detroit Flint., Grand Rapids Kalamazoo..., Lansing, Muskegon Saginaw NEW HAMPSHIRE Manchester NEW JERSEY Atlantic City... Jersey City Newark New Brunswick. Paterson Trenton NEW MEXICO Albuquerque... NEW YORK Albany Binghamton Buffalo... New York.. Rochester. Syracuse.. Utica NORTH CAROLINA Asheville Charlotte Durham Greensboro WinstonSalem. OHIO Akron Canton Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Dayton Hamilton Lorain Steubenville... Toledo Youngstown... OKLAHOMA Oklahoma City. Tulsa 9.0 JL 7 8 4: Pennsylvaniacontinued York PUERTO RICO * aguez Ponce San Juan RHODE ISLAND Providence, SOUTH CAROLINA Charleston Greenville TENNESSEE Chattanooga... Knoxville Memphis Nashville TEXAS Austin Beaumont Corpus Christi Dallas El Paso, Ft. Worth Houston San Antonio... UTAH Salt Lake City VIRGINIA Hampton Norfolk, Richmond Roanoke, I GEORGIA Atlanta Augusta Columbus Macon... Savannah HAWAII Honolulu ILLINOIS Chicago Davenport Peoria Rockford MINNESOTA Duluth Minneapolis. MISSISSIPPI Jackson MISSOURI Kansas City. St. Louis NEBRASKA Omaha OREGON Portland., PENNSYLVANIA Allentown Altoona... Erie Harrisburg Johnstown Lancaster Philadelphia... Pittsburgh Reading Scranton WilkesBarre WASHINGTON Seattle Spokane Tacoma WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Huntington Wheeling WISCONSIN Kenosha Madison Milwaukee Racine 8 3 A insured jobless under State, Federal Employee, and ExServicemen's unemployment insurance programs. 2 Por fall name of labor area, see Area Trends in Employment and Unemployment published by the Office of Manpower Management Data Systems. Excludes insured unemployed under extended duration provisions of regular State laws.

98 Technical Note Additional information concerning the preparation of the labor force, employment, hours and earnings, and labor turnover seriesconcepts and scope, survey methods, and limitationsis contained in technical notes for each of these series, available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics free of charge. INTRODUCTION Relation between the household and payroll series The statistics in this periodical are compiled from three major sources: household interviews, (2) payroll reports from employers, and (3) administrative statistics of unemployment insurance systems. Data based on household interviews are obtained from a sample survey of the population 6 years of age and over. The survey is conducted each month by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides comprehensive data on the labor force, the employed and the unemployed, including such characteristics as age, sex, color, marital status, occupations, hours of work, and duration of unemployment. The survey also provides data on the characteristics and past work experience of those not in the labor force. The information is collected by trained interviewers from a sample of about 50,000 households, representing 449 areas in 863 counties and independent cities, with coverage in 50 States and the District of Columbia. The data collected are based on the activity or status reported for the calendar week including the 2th of the month. Data based on establishment payroll records are compiled each month from mail questionnaires by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, in cooperation with State agencies. The payroll survey provides detailed industry information on nonagricultural wage and salary employment, average weekly hours, average hourly and weekly earnings, and labor turnover for the Nation, States, and metropolitan areas. The figures are based on payroll reports from a sample of establishments employing about 25 million nonagriculture wage and salary workers. The data relate to all workers, full or parttime, who received pay during the payroll period which includes the 2th of the month. Data based on administrative records of unemployment insurance systems furnish a complete count of insured unemployment among the twothirds of the Nation's labor force covered by unemployment insurance programs. Weekly reports, by State, are issued on the number of initial claims, the volume and rate of insured unemployment under State unemployment insurance programs, and the volume under programs of unemployment compensation for Federal employees, exservicemen, and railroad workers. These statistics are published by the Manpower Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, in "Unemployment Insurance Claims." 0 The household and payroll data supplement one another, each providing significant types of information that the other cannot suitably supply. Population characteristics, for example, are readily obtained only from the household survey whereas detailed industrial classifications can be reliably derived only from establishment reports. Data from these two sources differ from each other because of differences in definition and coverage, sources of information, methods of collection, and estimating procedures. Sampling variability and response errors are additional reasons for discrepancies. The major factors which have a differential effect on levels and trends of the two series are as follows: Employment Coverage. The household survey definition of employment comprises wage and salary workers (including domestics and other private household workers), selfemployed persons, and unpaid workers who worked 5 hours or more during the survey week in familyoperated enterprises. Employment in both agricultural and nonagricultural industries is included. The payroll survey covers only wage and salary employees on the payrolls of nonagricultural establishments. Multiple jobholding. The household approach provides information on the work status of the population without duplication since each person is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. Employed persons holding more than one job are counted only once and are classified according to the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. In the figures based on establishment records, persons who worked in more than one establishment during the reporting period are counted each time their names appear on payrolls. Unpaid absences from jobs. The household survey includes among the employed all persons who had jobs but were not at work during the survey weekthat is, were not working but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement dispute, or because they were taking time off for various other reasons, even if they were not paid by their employers for the time off. In

99 the figures based on payroll reports, persons on leave paid for by the company are included, but not those on leave without pay for the entire payroll period. Hours of Work The household survey measures hours actually worked whereas the payroll survey measures hours paid for by employers. In the household survey data, all persons with a job but not at work are excluded from the hours distributions and the computations of average hours. In the payroll survey, employees on paid vacation, paid holiday, or paid sick leave are included and assigned the number of hours for which they were paid during the reporting period. Comparability of the household interview data with other series Unemployment insurance data. The unemployed total from the household survey includes all persons who did not have a job at all during the survey week and were looking for work or were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off, regardless of whether or not they were eligible for unemployment insurance. Figures on unemployment insurance claims, prepared by the Manpower Administration of the Department of Labor, exclude persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (agriculture, State and local government, domestic service, self employment, unpaid family work, nonprofit organizations, and firms below a minimum size). In addition, the qualifications for drawing unemployment compensation differ from the definition of unemployment used in the household survey. For example, persons with a job but not at work and persons working only a few hours during the week are sometimes eligible for unemployment compensation but are classified as employed rather than unemployed in the household survey. Agricultural employment estimates of the Department of Agriculture. The principal differences in coverage are the inclusion of persons under 6 in the Statistical Research Service (SRS) series and the treatment of dual jobholders who are counted more than once if they worked on more than one farm during the reporting period. There are also wide differences in sampling techniques and collecting and estimating methods, which cannot be readily measured in terms of impact on differences in level and trend of the two series. Comparability of the payroll employment data with other series Statistics on manufactures and. business, Bureau of the Census. BLS establishment statistics on employment differ from employment counts derived by the Bureau of the Census from its censuses or annual sample surveys, of manufacturing establishments and the censuses of business establishments. The major reasons for some noncompatability are different treatment of business units considered parts of an establishment, such as central administrative offices and auxiliary units, the industrial classification of establishments, and different reporting patterns by multiunit companies. There are also differences in the scope of the industries covered, e.g., the Census of Business excludes contract construction, professional services, public utilities, and financial establishments, whereas these are included in BLS statistics. County Business Patterns. Data in County Business Patterns, published jointly by the U.S. Departments of Commerce and Health, Education, and Welfare, differ from BLS establishment statistics in the treatment of central administrative offices and auxiliary units. Differences may also arise because of industrial classification and reporting practices. In addition, CBP excludes interstate railroads and government, and coverage is incomplete for some of the nonprofit activities. Employment covered by State unemployment insurance programs. Not all nonagricultural wage and salary workers are covered by the unemployment insurance programs. All workers in certain activities, such as interstate railroads, are excluded. In addition, small firms in covered industries are also excluded in 3 States. In general, these are establishments with less than fouremployees. Labor Force Data COLLECTION AND COVERAGE Statistics on the employment status of the population, the personal, occupational, and other characteristics of the employed, the unemployed, and persons not in the labor force, and related data are compiled for the BLS by the Bureau of the Census in its Current Population Survey (CPS). A detailed description of this survey appears in ''Concepts and Methods Used in Manpower Statistics from the Current Population Survey" (BLS Report 33). This report is available from BLS on request. These monthly surveys of the population are conducted with a scientifically selected sample designed to represent the civilian noninstitutional population 6 years and over. Respondents are interviewed to obtain information about the employment status of each member of the household 6 years of age and over. The* inquiry relates to activity or status during the calendar week, 02

100 Sunday through Saturday, which includes the 2th of the month. This is known as the survey week. Actual field interviewing is conducted in the following week. Inmates of institutions and persons under 6 years of age are not covered in the regular monthly enumerations and are excluded from the population and labor force statistics shown in this report. Data on members of the Armed Forces, who are included as part of the categories "total noninstitutional population" and "total labor force," are obtained from the Department of Defense. Each month, 50,000 occupied units are designated for interview. About 2,250 of these households are visited but interviews are not obtained because the occupants are not found at home after repeated calls or are unavailable for other reasons. This represents a noninterview rate for the survey of about percent. In addition to the 50,000 occupied units, there are 8,500 sample units in an average mo nth which are visited but found to be vacant or otherwise not to be enumerated. Part of the sample is changed each month. The rotation plan provides for threefourths of the sample to be common from one month to the next, and onehalf to be common with the same month a year ago. CONCEPTS Employed persons comprise (a) all those who during the survey week did any work at all as paid employees, in their own business, profession, or farm, or who worked 5 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family, and (b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labormanagement dispute, or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid by their employers for the time off, and whether or not they were seeking other jobs. Each employed person is counted only once. Those who held more than one job are counted in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. Included in the total are employed citizens of foreign countries, temporarily in the United States, who are not living on the premises of an Embassy. Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house (such as own home housework, and painting or repairing own home) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar organizations. Unemployed persons comprise all persons who did not work during the survey week, who made specific efforts to find a job within the past 4 weeks, and who were available for work during the survey week (except for temporary illness). Also included as unemployed are those who did not work at all, were available for work, and (a) were waiting to be called back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (b) were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job within 30 days. 03 Duration of unemployment represents the length of time (through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for work. For persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks since the termination of their most recent employment. A period of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for work is considered to break the continuity of the presentperiod of seeking work. Average duration is an arithmetic mean computed from a distribution by single weeks of unemployment. Unemployed persons by reasons for unemployment are divided into four major groups. Job losers are persons whose employment ended involuntarily who immediately began looking for work and persons on layoff. (2) Job leavers are persons who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. (3) Reentrants are persons who previously worked at a fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer but who were out of the labor force prior to beginning to look for work. (4) New entrants are persons who never worked at a fulltime job lasting 2 weeks or longer. The civilian labor force comprises the total of all civilians classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described above. The "total labor force" also includes members of the Armed Forces stationed either in the United States or abroad. The unemployment rate represents the number unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. This measure can also be computed for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, marital status, color, etc. The jobloser, jobleaver, reentrant, and new entrant rates are each calculated as a percent of the civilian labor force; the sum of the rates for the four groups thus equals the total unemployment rate. Not in labor force includes all civilians 6 years and over who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These persons are further classified as "engaged in own home housework," "in school," "unable to work" because of longterm physical or mental illness, and "other." The "other" group includes for the most part retired persons, those reported as too old to work, the voluntarily idle, and seasonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an "off" season and who were not reported as unemployed. Persons doing only incidental unpaid family work (less than 5 hours) are also classified as not in the labor force. For persons not in the labor force, data on previous work experience, intentions to seek work again, desire for a job at the time of interview, and reasons for not looking for work are compiled on a quarterly basis. The detailed questions for persons not in the labor force are asked only in those households that are new entrants to the sample and in those that are reentering the sample after 8 months absence. Occupation, industry, and class of worker for the employed apply to the job held in the survey week. Per

101 sons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours during the survey week. The unemployed are classified according to their latest fulltime civilian job lasting 2 weeks or more. The occupation ajid industry groups used in data derived from the CPS household interviews are defined as in the 960 Census of Population. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is available upon request. The classofworker breakdown specifies "wage and salary workers," subdivided into private and government workers, "selfemployed workers," and "unpaid family workers." Wage and salary workers receive wages, salary, commission, tips, or pay in kind from a private employer or from a governmental unit. Selfemployed persons are those who work for profit or fees in their own business, profession, or trade, or operate a farm. Unpaid family workers are persons working without pay for 5 hours a week or more on a farm or in a business operated by a member of the household to whom they are related by blood or marriage. Hours of work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, a person who normally works 40 hours a week but who was off on the Veterans Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even though he was paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week. However, all the hours are credited to the major job. Persons who worked 35 hours or more in the survey week are designated as working "full time"; persons who worked between and 34 hours are designated as working "part time." Parttime workers are classified by their usual status at their present job (either full time or part time) and by their reason for working part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons). "Economic reasons" include: Slack work, material shortages, repairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of job during the week, and inability to find fulltime work. "Other reasons" include: Labor dispute, bad weather, own illness, vacation, demands of home housework, school, no desire for fulltime work, and fulltime worker only during peak.season. Persons on fulltime schedules include, in addition to those working 35 hours or more, those who worked from 34 hours for noneconomic reasons but usually work full time. Fulland parttime labor force. The fulltime labor force consists of persons working on fulltime schedules, persons involuntarily working part time (because fulltime work is not available), and unemployed persons seeking fulltime jobs. The parttime labor force consists of persons working part time voluntarily and unemployed persons seeking parttime work. Persons with a job but not at work during the survey week are classified according to whether they usually work full or part time. Labor force time lost is a measure of manhours lost to the economy through unemployment and involuntary parttime employment and is expressed as a percent of potentially available manhours. It is computed by assuming: that unemployed persons looking for fulltime work lost an average of 37 hours, (2) that those looking for parttime work lost the average number of hours actually worked by voluntary parttime workers during the survey week, and (3) that persons on part time for economic reasons lost the difference between 37 hours and the actual number of hours they worked. ESTIMATING METHODS Under the estimation methods used in the CPS, all of the results for a given month become available simultaneously and are based on returns from the entire panel of respondents. There are no subsequent adjustments to independent benchmark data on labor force, employment, or unemployment. Therefore, revisions of the historical data are not an inherent feature of this statistical program.. Noninterview adjustment. The weights for all interviewed households are adjusted to the extent needed to account for occupied sample households for which no information was obtained because of absence, impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability for other reasons. This adjustment is made separately by groups of sample areas and, within these, for six groupscolor (white and nonwhite) within the three residence categories (urban, rural nonfarm, and rural farm). The proportion of sample households not interviewed varies from 4 to 6 percent depending on weather, vacations, etc. 2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the population selected for the sample may differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the Nation as a whole, in such characteristics as age, color, sex, and residence. Since these population characteristics are closely correlated with labor force participation and other principal measurements made from the sample, the latter estimates can be substantially improved when weighted appropriately by the known distribution of these population characteristics. This is accomplished through two stages of ratio estimates as follows: a. Firststage ratio estimate. This is a procedure in which the sample proportions are weighted by the known 960 Census data on the colorresidence distribution of the population. This step takes into account the differences existing at the time of the 960 Census between the colorresidence distribution for the Nation and for the sample areas. b. Secondstage ratio estimate. In this step, the sample proportions are weighted by independent current estimates of the population by age, sex, and color. These estimates are prepared by carrying forward the most recent census data (960) to take account of subsequent aging of the population, mortality, and migra 04

102 tion between the United States and other countries. 3. Composite estimate procedure. In deriving statistics for a given month, a composite estimating procedure is used which takes account of net changes from the previous month for continuing parts of the sample (75 percent) as well as the sample results for the current month. This procedure reduces the sampling variability of mo nthtomo nth changes especially and of the levels for most items also. Table A. Average standard error of major employment status categories Employment status and sex (In thousands) Average standard error of Monthly level Monthtomonth change (consecutive months only) Rounding of Estimates The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of independent rounding of totals and components to the nearest thousand. Differences, however, are insignificant. Reliability of the Estimates Since the estimates are based on a sample, they may differ from the figures that would have been obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. The standard error is a measure of sampling variability, that is, the variations that might occur by chance because only a sample of the population is surveyed. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would differ from a complete census by less than the standard error. The chances are about 9 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice the standard error. BOTH SEXES Labor force and total Nonagricultural employment MALE Labor force and total employment Nonagricultural employment FEMALE Labor force and total employment Agriculture Nonagricultural employment Unemployment. m Table A shows the average standard error for the major employment status categories, by sex, computed from data for past months. Estimates of change derived from the survey are also subject to sampling variability. The standard error of change for consecutive months is also shown in table A. The standard errors of level shown in table A are acceptable approximations of the standard errors of yeartoyear change. The figures presented in table B are to be used for other characteristics and are approximations of the standard errors of all such characteristics. They should be interpreted as providing an indication of the order of magnitude of the standard errors rather than as the precise standard error for any specific item. The standard error of the change in an item from one month to the next month is more closely related to the standard error of the monthly level for that item than to the size of the specific mo nthtor month change itself. Thus, in order to use the approximations to the standard errors of monthtomonth changes as presented in table C, it is first necessary to obtain the standard error of the monthly level of the item in table B, and then find the standard error of the monthtomonth change in table C corresponding to this standard error of level. It should Size of estimate ,000 2, ,000 0, , , ,000 Table B. Standard error of level of monthly estimates (In thousands) Both sexes Total or white Male Total or white Female Total or white Nonwhite Nonwhite Nonwhite

103 be noted that table C applies to estimates of change between 2 consecutive months. For changes between the current month and the same month last year, the standard errors of level shown in table B are acceptable approximations. Illustration: Assume that the tables showed the total number of persons working a specific number of hours as 5,000,000, an increase of 500,000 over the previous month. Linear interpolation in the first column of table B shows that the standard error of 5,000,000 is about 33,000. Consequently, the chances are about 68 out of 00 that the sample estimate differs by less than 33,000 from the figure which would have been obtained from a complete count of the number of persons working the given number of hours. Using the 33,000 as the standard error of the monthly level in table C, it may be seen that the standard error of the 500,000 increase is about 26,000. Table C. Standard error of estimates of monthtomonth change (In thousands) The reliability of an estimated percentage, computed by using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends upon both the size of the percentage and the size of the total upon which the percentage is based. Where the numerator is a subclass of the denominator, estimated percentages are relatively more reliable than the corresponding absolute estimates of the numerator of the percentage, particularly if the percentage is large. (50 percent or greater). Table D shows the standard errors for percentages derived from the survey. Linear interpolation may be used for percentages and base figures not shown in table D. Base of percentages (thousands) Table D. Standard error of percentage or 99 2 or 98 5 or 95 Estimated percentage 0 or 90 5 or or or or Standard error of monthly level Standard error of monthtomonth change , , , , , , , , ".4?,.4?.4?' 2 2 Establishment Data COLLECTION Payroll reports provide current information on wage and salary employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover in nonagricultural establishments, by industry and geographic location. FederalState Cooperation Under cooperative arrangements with State agencies, the respondent fills out a single employment or labor turnover reporting form, which is then used for national, State, and area estimates. This eliminates duplicate reporting on the part of respondents and, together with the use of identical techniques at the national and State levels, insures maximum comparability of estimates. State agencies mail the forms to the establishments and examine the returns for consistency, accuracy, and completeness. The States use the information to prepare State and area series and then send the establishment data to the BLS for use in preparing the national series. Shuttle Schedules Two types of data collection schedules are used: Form BLS 790Monthly Report on Employment, Payroll, and Hours; and Form DL 29 Monthly Report on Job Openings and Labor Turnover. These schedules are of the "s h u t t l e" type, with space for each month of the calendar year. The collecting agency returns the schedule to the respondent each month so that the next month's data can be entered. This procedure assures maximum comparability and accuracy of reporting, since the respondent can see the figures he has reported for previous months. Form BLS 790 provides for entry of data on the number of full and parttime workers on the payrolls of non 06

104 agricultural establishments and, for most industries, payroll and manhours of production and related workers or nonsupervisory workers for the pay period which includes the 2th of the month. The labor turnover schedule provides for the collection of information on the total number of accessions and separations, by type, during the calendar month. CONCEPTS Industrial Classification Establishments reporting on Form BLS 790 and Form DL 29 are classified into industries on the basis of their principal product or activity determined from information on annual sales'volume. This information is collected each year on a supplement to the monthly 790 or 29 report. For an establishment making more than one product or engaging in mpre than one activity, the entire employment of the establishment is included under the Industry indicated by the most important product or activity. All national, State, and area employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover series are classified in accordance with the Standard Industrial Classification Manual^ Bureau of the Budget, 957, as amended by the 963 Supplement. Industry Employment Employment data, except those for the Federal Government, refer to persons on establishment payrolls who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 2th of the month. For Federal Government establishments, employment figures represent the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of the* calendar month. Intermittent workers are counted if they performed any service during the month. The data exclude proprietors, the selfemployed, unpaid volunteer, or family workers, farm workers, and domestic workers in households. Salaried officers of corporations are included. Government employment covers only civilian employees; military personnel are excluded. Persons on establishment payrolls who are on paid sick leave (when pay is received directly from the firm), on paid holiday or paid vacation, or who work during a part of the pay period and are unemployed or on strike during the rest of the period, are counted as employed. Not counted as employed are persons who are laid o off, on leave without pay, or on strike for the entire period, or who are hired but have not reported to work during the period. Industry Hours and Earnings Hours and earnings data are derived from reports of payrolls and manhours for production"and related workers in manufacturing and mining, construction workers in contract construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the remaining nonagriculture components. For Federal Government, hours and earnings relate to all* employees, both supervisory and nonsupervisory. Terms are.defined below. When the pay period reported is longer than week, figures are reduced to a weekly basis. Production and related workers include working foremen and all nonsupervisory workers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in fabricating, processing, assembling, inspection, receiving, storage, handling, packing, warehousing, shipping, maintenance, repair, janitorial and watchman services, product development, auxiliary production for plant! s own use (e.g., power plant), and recordkeeping and other services closely associated with the above production operations. Construction workers include the following employees in the contract construction division: working foremen, journeymen, mechanics, apprentices, laborers, etc., whether working at the site of construction or in shops or yards, at jobs (such as precutting and preassembling) ordinarily performed by members of the construction trades. Nonsupervisory employees include employees (not above the working supervisory level) such as office and clerical workers, repairmen, salespersons, operators, drivers, physicians, lawyers, accountants, nurses, social workers, research aids, teachers, draftsmen, photographers, beauticians, musicians, restaurant workers, custodial workers, attendants, linemen, laborers, janitors, watchmen, and similar occupational levels, and other employees whose services are closely associated with those of the employees listed. Payroll covers the payroll for full and parttime production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers who received pay for any part of the pay period which includes the 2th of the month. The payroll is reported before deductions of any kind, e.g., for oldage and unemployment insurance, group insurance, withholding tax, bonds, or union dues; also included is pay for overtime, holidays, vacations, and sick leave paid directly by the firm. Bonuses (unless earned and paid regularly each pay period), other pay not earned in pay period. reported (e.g., retroactive pay), tips, and the value of free rent, fuel, meals, or other payment in kind are excluded. "Fringe benefits" (such as health and other types of insurance, contributions to retirement, etc. paid by the employer) are also excluded. Manhours cover manhours paid for, during the pay period which includes the 2th of the month, for production, construction, or nonsupervisory workers. The manhours include hours paid for holidays and vacations, and for sick leave when pay is received directly from the firm. Overtime hours cover hours worked by production or related workers for which overtime premiums were paid because the hours were in excess of the number of hours of either the straighttime workday or the workweek during the pay period which includes the 2th of the month. Weekend and holiday hours are included only if overtime 07

105 premiums were paid. Hours for which only shift differential, hazard, incentive, or other similar types of premiums were paid are excluded. Gross Average Hourly and Weekly Earnings Average hourly earnings are on a "gross" basis, reflecting not only changes in basic hourly and incentive wage rates but also such variable factors as premium pay for overtime and lateshift work and changes in output of workers paid on an incentive plan. Shifts in the volume of employment between relatively highpaid and lowpaid work and changes in workers earnings in individual establishments also affect the general earnings averages. Averages for groups and divisions further reflect changes in average hourly earnings for individual industries. Averages of hourly earnings differ from wage rates. Earnings are the actual return to the worker for a stated period of time; rates are the amounts stipulated for a given unit of work or time. The earnings series does not measure the level of total labor costs on the part of the employer since the following are excluded: Irregular bonuses, retroactive items, payments of various welfare benefits, payroll taxes paid by employers, and earnings for those employees not covered under the productionworker, construction worker, or nonsupervisoryemployee definitions. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Therefore, weekly earnings are affected not only by changes in gross average hourly earnings but also by changes in the length of the workweek, parttime work, stoppages for varying causes, labor turnover, and absenteeism. Average Weekly Hours The workweek information relates to the average hours for which pay was received and is different from standard or scheduled hours. Such factors as absenteeism, labor turnover, parttime work, and stoppages cause average weekly hours to be lower than scheduled hours of work for an establishment. Group averages further reflect changes in the workweek of component industries. Average Overtime Hours The overtime hours represent that portion of the gross average weekly hours which were in excess of regular hours and for which overtime premiums were paid. If an employee worked on a paid holiday at regular rates, receiving as total compensation his holiday pay plus straighttime pay for hours worked that day, no overtime hours would be reported. Since overtime hours are premium hours by definition, gross weekly hours and overtime hours do not necessarily move in the same direction from monthtomonth; for example, overtime premiums may be paid for hours in excess of the straighttime workday although less than a full week is worked. Diverse trends at the industrygroup level also may be caused by a marked change in gross hours for a component industry where little or no overtime was Worked in both the previous and current months. In addition, such factors as stoppages, absenteeism, and labor turnover may not have the same influence on overtime hours as on gross hours. Hours and Earnings For Total Private Nonagricultural Industries This series covers all nonagricultural industry divisions except government. The principal source of payroll data is Form BLS 790. Secondary source material such as Employment and Wages (Manpower Administration), County Business Patterns (Bureau of the Census), and additional supporting information such as The Hospital Guide, Part II, of the American Hospital Association and special studies by the National Council of Churches supplement data for certain industry groups within the service division. For a technical description of this series, see the article, "Hours and Earnings for Workers in Private Nonagricultural Industries," published in the 967 Issue of Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Railroad Hours and Earnings The figures for class I railroads (excluding switching and terminal companies) are based on monthly data summarized in the M300 report of the Interstate Commerce Commission and relate to all employees except executives, officials, and staff assistants (ICC group I) who received pay during the month. Gross average hourly earnings are computed by dividing total compensation by total hours paid for. Average weekly hours are obtained by dividing the total number of hours paid for, reduced to a weekly basis, by the number of employees, as defined above. Gross average weekly earnings are derived by multiplying average weekly hours by average hourly earnings. Spendable Average Weekly Earnings Spendable average weekly earnings in current dollars are obtained by deducting estimated Federal social security and income taxes from gross weekly earnings. The amount of income tax liability depends on the number of dependents supported by the worker and his marital status, as well as on the.level of his gross income. To reflect these variables, spendable earnings are computed for a worker with no dependents and a married worker with three dependents. The computations are based on gross average weekly earnings for all production or nonsupervisory workers in the industry division excluding other income and income earned by other family members. "Real" earnings are computed by dividing the current Consumer Price Index into the earnings averages for the current month. The level of earnings is thus adjusted for changes in purchasing power since the base period (95759). 08

106 Average Hourly Earnings Excluding Overtime Average hourly earnings excluding overtime premium pay are computed by dividing the total productionworker payroll for the industry group by the sum of total productionworker manhours and onehalf of total overtime manhours. Prior to January 956, these data were based on the application of adjustment factors to gross average hourly earnings (as described in the Monthly Labor Review, 950, pp ). Both methods eliminate only the earnings due to overtime paid for at times the straighttime rates. No adjustment is made for other premium payment provisions, such as holiday work, lateshift work, and overtime rates other than time and onehalf. Indexes of Aggregate Weekly Payrolls and ManHours The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls and manhours are prepared by dividing the current month's aggregate by the monthly average for the period. The manhour aggregates are the product of average weekly hours and productionworker employment, and the payroll aggregates are the product of gross average weekly earnings and productionworker employment. Labor Turnover Labor turnover is the gross movement of wage and salary workers into and out of employed status with respect to individual establishments. This movement, which relates to a calendar month, is divided into two broad types: Accessions (new hires and rehires) and separations (terminations of employment initiated by either employer or employee). Each type of action is cumulated for a calendar month and expressed as a rate per 00 employees. The data relate to all employees, whether full or parttime, permanent or temporary, including executive, office, sales, other salaried personnel, and production workers. Transfers to another establishment of the company are included, beginning with January 959. Accessions are the total number of permanent and temporary additions to the employment roll, including both new and rehired employees. New hires are temporary or permanent additions to the employment roll of persons who have never before been employed in the establishment (except employees transferring from another establishment of the same company) or of former employees not recalled by the employer. Other accessions, which are not published separately but are included in total accessions, are all additions to the employment roll which are not classified as new hires, including transfers from another establishment of the company. Separations are terminations of employment during the calendar month and are classified according to cause: Quits, layoffs, and other separations, are defined as follows: Quits are terminations of employment initiated by employees, failure to report after being hired, and unauthorized absences, if on the last day of the month the person has been absent more than 7 consecutive calendar days. Layoffs are suspensions without pay lasting or expected to last more than 7 consecutive calendar days, initiated by the employer without prejudice to the worker. 0 the r sep arations, which are not published separately but are included in total separations, are terminations of employment because of discharge, permanent disability, death, retirement, transfers to another establishment of the company, and entrance into the Armed Forces for a period expected to las.t more than 30 consecutive calendar days. Relationship to Employment Series Monthtomonth changes in total employment in manufacturing industries reflected by labor turnover rates are not comparable with the changes shown in the Bureau's employment series for the following reasons: Accessions and separations are computed for the entire calendar month; the employment reports refer to the pay period which includes the 2th of the month; and (2) employees on strike are not counted as turnover actions although such employees are excluded from the employment estimates if the work stoppage extends through the report period. ESTIMATING METHODS The principal features of the procedure used to estimate employment for the industry statistics are the use of the "link relative" technique, which is a form of ratio estimation, (2) periodic adjustment of employment levels to new benchmarks, and (3) the use of size and regional stratification. The "Link Relative" Technique From a sample composed of establishments reporting for both the previous and current months, the ratio of current month employment to that of the previous month is computed. This is called a link relative. The estimates of employment (all employees, including production and nonproduction workers together) for the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the previous month by these "link relatives. In addition, small bias correction factors are applied to selected employment estimates each month. The size of the bias correction factors is determined from past experience. Other features of the general procedures are described later in the table, Summary of Methods for Computing Industry Statistics on Employment, Hours, Earnings, and Labor Turnover. Further details are given in the technical notes onmeasurement of Employment, Hours, and Earnings in Nonagricultural Industries and on Measurement of Labor Turnover, which are available upon request. Size and Regional Stratification A number of industries are stratified by size of establishment and/or by region, and the stratified produc 09

107 tion or nonsupervisoryworker data are used to weight the hours and earnings into broader industry groupings. Accordingly, the basic estimating cell for an employment, hours, or earnings series, as the term is used in the summary of computational methods, may be a whole industry or a size stratum, a region stratum, or a size stratum of a region within an industry. Benchmark Adjustments Employment estimates are compared periodically with comprehensive counts of employment which provide "benchmarks" for the various nonagriculturalindustries, and appropriate adjustments are made as indicated. The industry estimates are currently projected from March 967 levels. Normally, benchmark adjustments are made annually. The primary sources of benchmark information are employment data, by industry, compiled quarterly by State agencies from reports of establishments covered under State unemployment insurance laws. These tabulations, covering threefourths of the total nonagricultural employment in the United States, are prepared under the direction of the Manpower Administration. Benchmark data for the residual are obtained from the records of the Social Security Administration, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and a number of other agencies in private industry or government. The estimates relating to the benchmark month are compared with new benchmark levels, industry by industry. If revisions are necessary, the monthly series of estimates are adjusted between the new benchmark and the preceding one, and the new benchmark for each industry is then carried forward progressively to the current month by use of the sample trends. Thus, under this procedure, the benchmark is used to establish the level of employment; the sample is used to measure the monthtomonth changes in the level. A comparison of the actual amounts of revisions made in the last 3 benchmark years follows: Nonagricultural payroll employment estimates, by industry division, as a percentage of the benchmark for Industry division Total Mining Contract construction Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade... Finance, insurance, and real estate Government Data for all months since the last benchmark to which the series has been adjusted are subject to revision. To provide users of the data with a convenient reference source for the revised data, the BLS publishes as soon as possible after each benchmark revision a summary volume of employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover statistics. THE SAMPLE Design The sampling plan used in the current employment statistics program is known as "sampling proportionate to average size of establishment." This design is an optimum allocation design among strata since the sampling variance is proportional to the average size of establishments. The universe of establishments is stratified first by industry and then within each industry by size of establishment in terms of employment. For each industry, the number of sample units is distributed among the size class cells on the basis of average employment per establishment in each cell. In practice, this is equivalent to distributing the predetermined total number of establishments required in the sample among the cells on the basis of the ratio of employment in each cell to total employment in the industry. Within each noncertainty stratum the sample members are selected at random. Under this type of design, large establishments fall into the sample with certainty. The size of the samples for the various industries is determined empirically on the basis of experience and of cost considerations. In a manufacturing industry in which a high proportion of total employment is concentrated in relatively few establishments, a large percentage of total employment is included in the sample. Consequently, the sample design for such industries provides for a complete census of the larger establishments with only a few chosen from among the smaller establishments or none at all if the concentration of employment is great enough. On the other hand, in an industry in which a large proportion of total employment is in small establishments, the sample design calls for inclusion of all large establishments and also for a substantial number of the smaller ones. Many industries in the trade and service divisions fall into this category. To keep the sample to a size which can be handled by available resources, it is necessary to accept samples in these divisions with a smaller proportion of universe employment than is the case for most manufacturing industries. Since individual establishments in these nonmanufacturing divisions generally show less fluctuation from regular cyclical or seasonal patterns than establishments in manufacturing industries, these smaller samples (in terms of employment) generally produce reliable estimates. In the context of the BLS employment and labor turnover statistics programs, with their emphasis on pro 0

108 ducing timely data at minimum cost, a sample must be obtained which will provide coverage of a sufficiently large segment of the universe to provide reasonably reliable estimates that can be published promptly and regularly. The present sample meets these specifications for most industries. With its use, the BLS is able to produce preliminary estimates each month for many industries and for many geographic levels within a few weeks after reports are mailed by respondents, and at a somewhat later date, statistics in considerably greater industrial detail. Coverage The BLS sample of establishment employment and payrolls is the largest monthly sampling operation in the field of social statistics. The table that follows shows the approximate proportion of total employment in each industry division covered by the group of establishments furnishing monthly employment data. The coverage for individual industries within the division may vary from the proportions shown. Approximate size and coverage of BLS employment and payrolls sample, March 967 x Industry division Mining Contract construction.... Manufacturing Transportation and public utilities: Railroad transportation (ICC) Other transportation and public utilities Wholesale and retail trade. Finance, insurance and real estate Services Government: Federal (Civil Service Commission) 2. State and local Number of establishments in sample 2,300 5,400 44, ,000 39,300 9,00 20,800 3,00 9,000 Employees Number reported 294, ,000 2,285,000 66,000,943,000 2,585,000,29,000 2,064,000 2,669,000 4,749,000 Percent of total Since a few establishments do not report payroll and manhour information, hours and earnings estimates may be based on a slightly smaller sample than employment estimates. 2 State and area estimates of Federal employment are based on reports from a sample of Federal establishments, collected through the BLSState cooperative program. The table below shows the approximate coverage, in terms of employment, of the labor turnover sample. Approximate size and coverage of BLS labor turnover sample, March 967 Industry Manufacturing Communication: Telephone Telegraph. Number reported,497,00 60,400 64, ,000 23,00 Reliability of the Employment Estimates Employees Percent of total The estimates derived from the establishment survey may differ from the figures that would have been obtained if it were possible to take a complete census using the same schedules and procedures. The relatively large size of the BLS establishment sample assures a high degree of accuracy. However, since the link relative technique requires the use of the previous month's estimate as the base in computing the current month's estimate, small sampling and response errors may cumulate over several months. To remove this accumulated error, the estimates are adjusted annually to new benchmarks. In addition to the sampling and response errors, the benchmark revision adjusts the estimates for changes in the industrial classification of individual establishments (resulting from changes in their product which areonot reflected in the levels of estimates until the data are adjusted to new benchmarks). In fact, at the more detailed industry levels, particularly within manufacturing, changes in classification are the major cause of benchmark adjustments. Another cause of differences, generally minor, arises from improvements in the quality of the benchmark data. (A detailed description of the March 967 benchmark is available from the Bureau upon request.) One measure of the reliability of ratio estimates is the root mean square error (RMSE). This measure is the standard deviation adjusted for the bias in ratio estimates (RMSE =\/(Standard Deviation) 2 + (Bias) 2 ). If the bias is small, the chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would differ from its benchmark by less than the root mean square error. The chances are about 9 out of 20 that the difference would be less than twice the root mean square error. Approximations of the root mean square errors (based on the experience of the last several years) of differences between final estimates and benchmarks are presented in the following table.

109 Rootmeansquare errors of differences between benchmarks and estimates Size of employment estimate 50,000 00, , ,000,000,000 2,000,000 Rootmeansquare error 2,200 2,400 4,300 7,000,800 9,600 Assuming 2month intervals between benchmark revisions. For the most recent months, estimates of employment, hours, and earnings are preliminary and are so footnoted in the tables. These figures are based on less than the total sample and are revised when all the reports in the sample have been received. The table below presents rootmeansquareerrors of the amounts of Errors of preliminary employment estimates Size of empl. estimate 50,000 00, , ,000,000,000 2,000,000 0,000,000 Total Nonag. empl. Rootmeansquare error of Monthly level 600,00,800 2,500 3,700 7,000 24,900 78,000 Monthtomonth change 500,000,500 2,400 3,500 7,000 23,500 68,000 revision that may be expected between the preliminary and final levels of employment and preliminary and final monthtomonth changes. Revisions of preliminary hours and earnings estimates are normally not greater than. of an hour for weekly hours or cent for hourly earnings. STATISTICS FOR STATES AND AREAS State and area employment, hours, earnings, and labor turnover data are collected and prepared by State agencies in cooperation with BLS. The area statistics relate to metropolitan areas. Definitions for all areas are published each year in the issue of Employment and Earning sand Monthly Report on the Labor Force that contains State and area annual averages (usually the issue). Qhanges in definitions are noted as they occur. Additional industry detail may be obtained from the State agencies listed on the inside back cover of each issue. These statistics are based on the same establishment reports used by BLS for preparing national estimates. For employment, the sum of the State figures may differ slightly from the equivalent official U.S. totals on a national basis, because some States have more recent benchmarks than others and because of the effects of differing industrial and geographic stratification. For the States and the areas shown in the B and C sections of this periodical, all the annual average data for the detailed industry statistics currently published by each cooperating State agency are presented (from the earliest date of availability of each series) in a summary volume published annually by the BLS. Insured unemployment represents the number of persons reporting a week of unemployment under an unemployment insurance program. It includes some persons who are working part time who would be counted as employed in the payroll and household surveys. Excluded are persons who have exhausted their benefit rights, new workers who have not earned rights to unemployment insurance, and persons losing jobs not covered by unemployment insurance systems (agriculture, State and local government, domestic service, selfemployment, unpaid family work, nonprofit organizations, and firms below a minimum size). The rate of insured unemployment is the number of insured unemployed expressed as a percent of average covered employment in a 2month period ending 6 to 8 months prior to the week of reference. Initial UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE DATA claims are notices filed by those losing jobs covered by an unemployment insurance program that they are starting a period of unemployment. A claimant who continues to be unemployed a full week is then counted in the insured unemployment figure. Because of differences in State laws and procedures under which unemployment insurance programs are operated, State unemployment rates generally indicate, but do not precisely measure, differences among the iadividual States. Persons wishing to receive a detailed description of the nature, sources, inclusions and exclusions, and limitations of unemployment insurance data should address their inquiries to Manpower Administration, Washington, D.C. 2

110 Many economic statistics reflect a regularly recurring seasonal movement which can be estimated on the basis of past experience. By eliminating that part of the change which can be ascribed to usual seasonal variation, it is possible to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements in the series. However, in evaluating deviations from the seasonal patternthat is, changes in a seasonally adjusted seriesit is important to note that seasonal adjustment is merely an approximation based on past experience. Seasonally adjusted estimates have a broader margin of possible error than the original data on which they are based, since they are subject not only to sampling and other errors but, in addition, are affected by the uncertainties of the seasonal adjustment process itself. Seasonally adjusted series for selected labor force and establishment data are published regularly in Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force. SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT The seasonally adjusted establishment data for Federal Government are based on a series which excludes the Christmas temporary help employed by the Post Office Department in December. The employment of these workers constitutes the only significant seasonal change in Federal Government employment during the winter months. Furthermore, the volume of such employment may change substantially from year to year because of administrative decisions by the Post Office Department. Hence, it was considered desirable to exclude this group from the data upon which the seasonally adjusted series is based. Factors currently in use for the establishment data are shown in the June Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force, and revisions will be made coincidental with the adjustment of series to new benchmark levels. The seasonal adjustment method used for these series is an adaptation of the standard ratiotomoving average method, with a provision for "moving" adjustment factors to take account of changing seasonal patterns. A detailed description of the method is given in the booklet, The BLS Seasonal Factor Method (966), which may be. obtained from the Bureau on request. For establishment data, the seasonally adjusted series on weekly hours and labor turnover rates for industry groupings are computed by applying factors directly to the corresponding unadjusted series. However, seasonally adjusted employment totals for all employees and production workers by industry division are obtained by summing seasonally adjusted data for the component industries. Indexes of aggregate weekly manhours, seasonally adjusted, for mining, contract construction, and the major industries in manufacturing are obtained by multiplying average weekly hours, seasonally adjusted, by production workers, seasonally adjusted, and dividing by the base. For total, manufacturing, and durable and nondurable goods, the indexes of aggregate weekly manhours, seasonally adjusted, are obtained by summing the aggregate weekly manhours, seasonally adjusted, for the appropriate component industries and dividing by the base. For each of the three major labor force components agricultural and nonagricultural employment and unemploymentdata for four agesex groups (male and female workers under age 20 and age 20 and over) are separately adjusted for seasonal variation and are then added to give seasonally adjusted total figures. In order to produce seasonally adjusted total employment and civilian labor force data, the appropriate series are aggregated. The seasonally adjusted rate of unemployment is derived by dividing the seasonally adjusted figure for total unemployment (the sum of four seasonally adjusted agesex components) by the figure for the seasonally adjusted civilian labor force (the sum of twelve seasonally adjusted agesex components). The seasonal adjustment factors applying to current data are based on a pattern shown by past experience. These factors are revised in the light of the pattern revealed by subsequent data. Revised seasonally adjusted series for major components of the labor force based on data through December are published in the February Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force. Revisions will be made annually as each additional year's data become available. ATTENTION As discussed in the Technical Note, the Bureau periodically adjusts the industry employment series to a recent benchmark to improve their accuracy. These adjustments may also affect the hours and earnings series because employment levels are used as weights. Industry data for all national series shown in this report have been adjusted to March 967 benchmarks. Data from April 967 forward are subject to revision at the time of the next benchmark. Beginning with the June and subsequent issues of Employment and Earnings and Monthly Report on the Labor Force, the national data in sections B, C, and D supersede those published in previous issues, as well as those appearing in the Handbook of Labor Statistics,. Comparable data are published in Employment and Earnings Statistics for the United States, 90968, BLS Bulletin

111 Summary of Methods for Computing Industry Statistics on Employment, Hours, Earnings, and Lnhor Turnover Item Basic estimating cells (industry, region, size, or region/size cell) Aggregate industry levels (divisions, groups and, where stratified, individual cells) Monthly Data All employees.. Allemployee estimate for previous month multiplied by ratio of all employees in current month to all employees in previous month, for sample establishments which reported for both months. Sum of allemployee estimates for component cells. Production or nonsupervisory workers; women employees. Allemployee estimate for current month multi plied by ratio of production or nonsupervisory workers to all employees in sample establishments for current month, (2) ratio of women to all employees. Sum of production or nonsupervisoryworker estimates, or estimates of women employees, for component cells. Gross average weekly hours Production or nonsupervisoryworker manhours divided by number of production or nonsupervisory workers. Average, weighted by production or nonsupervisoryworker employment, of the average weekly hours for component cells. Average weekly overtime hours Productionworker overtime manhours divided by number of production workers. Average, weighted by productionworker employment, of the average weekly overtime hours foe component cells. Gross average hourly earnings Total production or nonsupervisoryworker payroll divided by total production or nonsupervisoryworker manhours. Average, weighted by aggregate manhours, of the average hourly earnings for component cells. Gross average weekly earnings.. Product of gross average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of gross average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Labor turnover rates The number of particular actions (e.g., quits) in reporting firms divided by total employment in those firms. The result is multiplied by 00. Average, weighted by employment, of the rates for component cells. Annual Average Data All employees and production or nonsupervisory workers. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 2. Sum of monthly estimates divided by 2. Gross average weekly hours Annual total of aggregate manhours (productionor nonsupervisoryworker employment multiplied by average weekly hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Annual total of aggregate manhours for production or nonsupervisory workers divided by annual sum of employment for these workers. Average weekly overtime hours. Annual total of aggregate overtime manhours (productionworker employment multiplied by average weekly overtime hours) divided by annual sum of employment. Annual total of aggregate overtime manhours for production workers divided by annual sum pf employment for these workers. Gross average hourly earnings Annual total of aggregate payrolls (productionor nonsupervisoryworker employment multiplied by weekly earnings) divided by annual aggregate manhours. Annual total of aggregate payrolls divided, by annual aggregate manhours. Gross average weekly earnings.. Product of gross average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Product of gross average weekly hours and average hourly earnings. Labor turnover rates.. Sum of monthly rates divided by 2. Sum of monthly rates divided by 2. 4 U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : O

112 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau off Labor Statistics REGION I BOSTON BLS Regional Director John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Bldg. Government Center Room 603 A Boston, Mass REGION V CHICAGO BLS Regional Director 29 South Dearborn Street Chicago, BLS Region Regional Offices REGION II NEW YORK BLS Regional Director 34 Ninth Avenue New York, N. Y. 000 REGION VI KANSAS CITY BLS Regional Director 9 Walnut Street Kansas City, Mo REGION III PHILADELPHIA BLS Regional Director Penn Square Bldg., Rm Filbert Street Philadelphia, Pa. 907 REGION VII DALLAS BLS Regional Director 4 North Akard Street Dallas, Tex COOPERATING STATE AGENCIES REGION IV ATLANTA BLS Regional Director 37 Peachtree Street, N. E. Atlanta, Ga REGION VIII SAN FRANCISCO BLS Regional Director 450 Golden Gate Avenue, Box 3607 San Francisco, Calif IV VIII VIII VII VIII VI I III HI IV IV VIII VIII V V VI VI V VII I III I V V IV VI VI VI VIII I II VII II III VI V VII VIII HI I IV VI IV VII VI I III VIII III V VI ALABAMA ALASKA ARIZONA ARKANSAS CALIFORNIA COLORADO CONNECTICUT DELAWARE DIST. OF COL. FLORIDA GEORGIA HAWAII IDAHO ILLINOIS INDIANA IOWA KANSAS KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MAINE MARYLAND MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN MINNESOTA MISSISSIPPI MISSOURI MONTANA NEBRASKA NEVADA NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW JERSEY NEW MEXICO NEW YORK NORTH CAROLINA NORTH DAKOTA OHIO OKLAHOMA OREGON PENNSYLVANIA RHODE ISLAND SOUTH CAROLINA SOUTH DAKOTA TENNESSEE TEXAS UTAH VERMONT VIRGINIA WASHINGTON WEST VIRGINIA WISCONSIN WYOMING Department of Industrial Relations, Montgomery 3604 Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Juneau 9980 Research and Analysis Section, Unemployment Security Commission, Phoenix Employment Security Commission, Department of Labor, Little Rock Division of Labor Statistics and Research, Department of Industrial Relations, San Francisco 940 (Employment). Research and Statistics, Department of Employment, Sacramento 9584 (Turnover). Department of Employment, Denver Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Hartford 065 Employment Security Commission, Wilmington 9899 U.S. Employment Service for D.C., Washington 2022 Industrial Commission, Tallahassee Employment Security Agency, Department of Labor, Atlanta Department of Labor and Industrial Relations, Honolulu 968 Department of Employment, Boise Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor, Chicago Employment Security Division, Indianapolis Employment Security Commission, Des Moines 5039 Employment Security Division, Department of Labor, Topeka Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Economic Security, Frankfort 4060 Department of Employment Security, Baton Rouge Employment Security Commission, Augusta Department of Employment Security, Baltimore 220 Division of Statistics, Department of Labor and Industries, Boston (Employment). Division of Employment Security, Boston 0225 (Turnover). Employment Security Commission, Detroit Department of Employment Security, St. Paul 550 Employment Security Commission, Jackson Division of Employment Security, Jefferson City 6502 Unemployment Compensation Commission, Helena 5960 Division of Employment, Department of Labor, Lincoln Employment Security Department, Carson City 8970 Department of Employment Security, Concord 0330 Department of Labor and Industry: Bureau of Statistic sand Records (Employment); Division of Employment Security (Turnover), Trenton Employment Security Commission, Albuquerque 8703 Research and Statistics Office, Division of Employment, N. Y. State Department of Labor, StateCampus Building 2, Albany 220 Division of Statistics, Department of Labor, Raleigh (Employment). Bureau of Employment Security Research, Employment Security Commission, Raleigh (Turnover). Employment Security Bureau, Bismarck, 5850 Division of Research and Statistics, Bureau of Employment Services, 45 S. Front St., Columbus Employment Security Commission, Oklahoma City Department of Employment, Salem 9730 Bureau of Employment Security, Department of Labor and Industry, Harrisburg 72 Division of Statistics and Census, Department of Labor, Providence (Employment). Department of Employment Security, Providence (Turnover). Employment Security Commission, Columbia Employment Security Department, Aberdeen 5740 Department of Employment Security, Nashville 3729 Employment Commission, Austin 7870 Department of Employment Security, Salt Lake City 84 Department of Employment Security, Montpelier Division of Research and Statistics, Department of Labor and Industry, Richmond 2324 (Employment). Employment Commission, Richmond 232 (Turnover). Employment Security Department, Olympia 9850 Department of Employment Security, Charleston 253 Department of Industrial, Labor, and Human Relations, Madison 5370 Employment Security Commission, Casper 8260