S U M M A R Y B R I E F. The Nordic countries are leaders on gender equality

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Sharleen Boyd
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1 S U M M A R Y B R I E F May The Nordic countries are leaders on gender equality

2 Key measures of gender gaps in employment, Nordic and selected other OECD countries, 2016 or latest available year Top performer Moderate performer Bottom performer in the labour force participation rate, year-olds (p.p.) in the employment rate, year-olds (p.p.) in the employment rate, low education, yearolds (p.p.) in the employment rate, high education, yearolds (p.p.) in usual weekly working hours, all ages (p.p.) Female share of managers, all ages (%) in median earnings for full-time employees, all ages (%) Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Canada France Germany Italy Japan Kingdom States OECD average OECD std. dev The Nordic approach to family- and genderequality policy

3 The Nordic model has helped deliver large gains in gender equality in employment over the past half-century Female employment rate, year-olds, earliest available year and latest available year (, Nordic and selected other OECD member countries % Earliest available year (varies) Latest available year ( Denmark* (1967 & Finland Iceland* Norway (1972 & Sweden (1963 & Canada* (1971 & France* (1962 & Germany (1991 & Italy Japan 2015) Kingdom* (1960 & States

4 Gains in women s employment can account for a large portion of economic growth in the Nordic countries Average annual rate of growth in GDP per capita and disaggregation of growth into its primary components, longest available series, Nordic and selected other OECD member countries GDP per capita, average annual growth rate (%) Working age share of population (p.p.) Women's employment (p.p.) Labour productivity (p.p.) Men's employment (p.p.) -0.5 Denmark (1967- Finland Iceland Norway (mainland) (1972- Sweden (1963- Canada (1971- France (1962- Germany (1991- Italy Japan 2015) Kingdom (1960- States

5 Future gains from closing remaining gender participation gaps are limited, but potential gains from closing Nordic working hours gaps are larger

6 Estimated gains relative to the baseline in the projected average annual rate of growth in GDP per capita over the period , different gender gap scenarios (closing gender gaps in labour force participation and working hours), percentage points, Nordic and selected other OECD member countries Percentage point difference in labour force participation rates fully closed by 2040, gender gap in working hours at baseline s in both labour force participation rates and working hours fully closed by Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Canada France Germany Italy Kingdom States The last mile might just be the longest

7 References Citation

8 Is the Last Mile the Longest? Economic Gains from Gender Equality in Nordic Countries Is the Last Mile the Longest? Economic Gains from Gender Equality in Nordic Countries This brief summarises the OECD's report Is the Last Mile the Longest? Economic Gains from Gender Equality in Nordic Countries. The report looks at how past improvements in gender equality in employment have contributed to economic growth in the Nordic countries, and how much more could be gained from closing gender gaps still further. Findings suggest that past increases in women's headcount employment, in particular, have made large contributions to economic growth in the Nordics. It also finds that, while closing remaining gender participation gaps would have only a comparatively small effect on future growth, large gains could still be made by closing gender gaps in working hours. Consult the full version of this publication:

Statistical annex. Sources and definitions

Statistical annex. Sources and definitions Statistical annex Sources and definitions Most of the statistics shown in these tables can be found as well in several other (paper or electronic) publications or references, as follows: the annual edition