How will the new Federal Flood Fund be rolled out?: National Floodplain Mapping Technical Working Group A CWRA Update

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1 Canadian Water Resources Association Association Canadienne des Ressources Hydriques How will the new Federal Flood Fund be rolled out?: National Floodplain Mapping Technical Working Group A CWRA Update Dave Murray, National President May 2, 2016 BCWWA Conference

2 Who is CWRA? History of Flood Programs in Canada Why Integrated Flood Planning is Important New Federal Guidelines What s Happening with Funding Programs?

3 Background Origins in 1947; CWRA formally established in 1968 Approx. 1,000 members individuals & organizations Full spectrum of water resource professionals (multidisciplinary, biologists to engineers) Branches in 8 provinces 4 Affiliates (CANCID, CSHS, SYP, Project WET) National Executive Director, National Office

4 Who We Are Canada s broadest-based notfor-profit water organization Water resource professionals from the public, private, and academic sectors A volunteer organization dedicated to EFFECTIVE WATER MANAGEMENT (Mission) Hydrology and Hydraulics Geomorphology Climate Science Floods and Droughts Agriculture Biology Water Policy Watershed Management Fisheries

5 Our Objectives To stimulate public awareness and understanding of Canada's water resources To encourage public recognition of the high priority of water as a valued resource To provide a forum for the exchange of information and opinion relating to the management of Canada's water resources To participate with appropriate agencies in international water resource management activities

6 Our Organization National Board Irrigation and drainage Branches/ Chapters BC,AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NFLD Hydrologic Science

7 What We Do Major Conferences, Workshops, Webinars & other seminars Project WET (Water Education for Teachers) Canadian Water Resources Journal Water News Magazine Website: Scholarships Special Projects publications, consultations, policy support

8 8 We like being near the water We didn t know there was a hazard Why are we here? in the Floodplain that is? We used to travel easier on the water REMEMBER THAILAND This is where we are from

9 2004 Tsunami Ko Lanta

10 Awareness

11 The Hydro-illogical Cycle

12 History of Flood Costs Year Province Event (Millions) 2013 AB Calgary $6, ON Southern ON (Hurricane Hazel) $6, BC Fraser River $5, MB Winnipeg $5, QC Saguenay $3, ON Southern Ontario $1, AB High River, Southern AB $1, MB Southern Manitoba $1, ON Southern Ontario $ MB Winnipeg $ ON Southern Ontario $ NB Saint John River Basin $ SK/MB Manitoba and Saskatchewan $ AB Edmonton $ AB Southern Alberta $ NB Plaster Rock $ NB New Brunswick $ MB Melita $ ON Central Ontario $ NB Chester $ NB Saint John River Basin $ QC Montréal $ QC Montréal and Mauricie Region $ ON Southwestern Ontario $ BC Prince George $ ON Peterborough $ QC Richelieu River $ NF Newfoundland $ QC Maniwaki March 25, 2014 $117

13 History of Flood Programs Year Province Event 2016 (Millions) 1909 NB Chester $ ON Central Ontario $ ON Southwestern Ontario $ BC Prince George $ NB Saint John River Basin $ NB Plaster Rock $ NB New Brunswick $ ON Southern Ontario $ BC Fraser River $5, ON Southern Ontario $ MB Winnipeg $5, ON Southern ON (Hurricane Hazel) $6, SK/MB Manitoba and Saskatchewan $ NB Saint John River Basin $ QC Richelieu River $ QC Maniwaki $ NF Newfoundland $ QC Montréal $ MB Winnipeg $ AB Southern Alberta $ QC Saguenay $3, QC Montréal and Mauricie Region $ MB Southern Manitoba $1, MB Melita $ AB Edmonton $ ON Peterborough $ ON Southern Ontario $1, AB High River, Southern AB $1, AB Calgary $6, s Transfer Water Mgmt to Provinces 1953 Canada Water Conservation Act s Flood Damage Reduction Program Flood Damage Reduction Program 2008 National Disaster Mitigation Strategy 2015 National Flood Guidelines 13 March 25, 2014

14 The Hydro-illogical Cycle Political Return Period 2-4 years

15 Flood Damage Reduction Program (FDRP) Canada Water Act cost-shared (50-50) federalprovincial-territorial agreements Most major population centres vulnerable to flooding in Canada were mapped under the FDRP Fraser River Flood Control Program The number of designated flood-risk areas has reached a total of 341 covering more than 980 communities

16 The Dark Age of Flood Mapping

17 17

18 The New Dawn!

19 What has changed? 1. No residential overland flood insurance up to Insurance companies in Calgary were exposed 3. One company decided to cover flood damage then others followed 4. Approached Feds with plan to offer insurance if they put skin in the game 5. Several companies have built flood models to assess risk for their purposes 6. Insurance being rolled out but will most vulnerable areas be covered?

20 What we shouldn t do/ not do? Don t fund or support development in designated floodrisk areas, e.g., by federal and provincial regional development agencies Don t allow CMHC to allow mortgages nor lend funds for developments in floodplains Don t provide disaster assistance for those who built in the floodplain after designation as a flood risk area Do map hazards and determine consequences and risk Do enact zoning regulations on the basis of flood risk assessments

21 What the future holds Rivers: By 2100, the 1% annual chance (100-year) floodplain depth and the lateral flood area projected to increase (on average) by about 40% Coastal: By 2100, coastal flood hazard areas may increase anywhere up to 50% 2100, the population within riverine and coastal flood hazard areas is expected to increase by 130 to 150% Source: National Principals, Best Practices and Guidelines Flood Mapping 2016

Builds on Metro Vancouver Integrated Stormwater Management Template

Is Holistic and Inclusive Balances risks, consequences and costs

Debris flow/flood Seismic Mitigation Best available to balance risk

22 I have a dream! 22 What is a Integrated Flood Hazard Management Framework? Builds on Metro Vancouver Integrated Stormwater Management Template Considers Science, Safety, Environment, Community Values, Economics Is Holistic and Inclusive Balances risks, consequences and costs Assessing Hazards Coastal River and creek Lake Stormwater Groundwater Debris flow/flood Seismic Mitigation Best available to balance risk and consequences Decision Making Look at full range of impacts and benefits Cost to people Benefits to community and environment March 25, 2014

23 23 Strategies Accept (status quo ) or Attack where must protect? Protect Accommodate Retreat Avoid Protect existing development balancing costs and increasing vulnerability against risk Accommodate potential hazards, reduce consequences by changing human activities and increasing resilience Gradually withdrawing vulnerable infrastructure from hazard areas in recognition of increasing vulnerability from changing climate Avoid increasing the present or density of vulnerable populations or infrastructure within hazard areas March 25, 2014

24 24 Risk-Based Approach Hazard-Consequence Based Look at all the hazards and define consequences that contribute to risk? Consider other potential hazards, landslide, debris flow, dam breach, translated storms and different patterns? Community Engagement Determine what risk can they tolerate? What are their concerns about hazards? Economic, environmental, social, cultural? What infrastructure is critical? Dams, tailings ponds etc.? What infrastructure is of less importance? March 25, 2014

25 Community Engagement Mobilize stakeholders at different stages: values and objectives, planning, implementing Inclusiveness, balance, transparency, and clarity are appropriate objectives for

25 25 Community Engagement Mobilize stakeholders at different stages: values and objectives, planning, implementing Inclusiveness, balance, transparency, and clarity are appropriate objectives for engagement process Lack of community buy-in can limit effectiveness But, need to manage expectations consensus is often not possible Source: City of Burlington Community Engagement Charter March 25, 2014

26 Flood Risk Mitigation: Buying Down the Risk Initial Risk Land Use Planning Tools Site Specific Tools Structural Flood Protection Works Watershed and River Management Public Outreach and Education Emergency Planning Flood Insurance HIGH FLOOD RISK INITIAL RISK Planning Regulatory Land Use Site Specific Structural RESIDUAL RISK LOW Residual Risk Flood Risk Mitigation Tools Adapted from: United States Army Corps of Engineers (Riley, 2008)

Cowichan Integrated Flood Plan 27 Partners Cowichan Valley Regional District Cowichan Tribes NorskeCanada TimberWest BC Ministry of Environment Fisheries and Oceans Canada BC Wildlife

27 Cowichan Integrated Flood Plan 27 Partners Cowichan Valley Regional District Cowichan Tribes NorskeCanada TimberWest BC Ministry of Environment Fisheries and Oceans Canada BC Wildlife Federation Cowichan Valley Naturalist Society Cowichan Community Land Trust Society Nature Conservancy of Canada BC Parks Sport Fish Advisory Board S. Island Eco-tourism Sector Successes

28 Fraser Basin Council 28

29 Flood Scenerios 29

30 30

31 31 Downtown Howe Sound

32 32 The Hazards March 25, 2014

33 Depth, Velocity and Debris Factor Floodplain Extent Physical Hazard

34 Environmental Environmental Consequence Social Social Consequence

35 New Funding Programs

36 36 National Disaster Mitigation Program Budget 2014 allocated $200 million for use over 5-years $184 million allocated as NDMP contribution funds for cost-sharing with provinces and territories Remaining funds to invest in: Developing specific tools, Research activities, and Public awareness (at a national level). Build a body of knowledge of flood risks in Canada Invest in foundational flood mitigation activities (e.g., risk assessment and flood mapping) March 11, 2011

37 37 National Disaster Mitigation Program Reduce the impact of natural disasters on Canadians by: 1. Focusing investment on significant, recurring flood risks and costs; and 2. Advancing work to facilitate private residential insurance for overland flooding March 11, 2011

38 38 Who s Eligible? Provincial or Territorial Governments They may collaborate with: Municipalities (local governments) Public sector entities owned by the province, territory, municipal or local governmen Private sector entities (for-profit, not-for-profit, charitable or private academic institution) Province or Territory government receives the money and they can work with whomever they need to to complete the project March 11, 2011

39 39 Eligible Projects Stream 1: Risk Assessments Stream 2: Flood Mapping Stream 3: Mitigation Planning Stream 4: Investments in Non-Structural and Small Scale Structural Mitigation Projects March 11, 2011

40 40 National Technical Committee Reps from each Province, CWRA, DND, INAC Nov 2015 Mar 2016 May-June 2016 Fall 2016 Timeline March 11, 2011

41 41 Emergency Management BC (EMBC) coordinates emergency management activities: from planning to response and through recovery Coordinates flood protection and planning including assisting local governments and communities with funding for flood protection activities under the Flood Protection Program March 11, 2011

42 42 Current Approach Moving away from just funding infrastructure and is trying to encourage local authorities (municipalities, diking districts ) to do more flood planning, flood mapping and risk assessments A more comprehensive program is proposed in the future using the federal funds to assist The infrastructure program will likely continue on a cost share approach but the federal dollars may be used to fund local authorities on a grant basis 100% federal money Source EMBC March 11, 2011

43 Program $49M to be (construction) distributed in 2016 Projects have been selected based on past project applications that remained unfunded This is a variety of projects all across BC. Some announcements have been made ex. Richmond but until all the announcements are made the overall list is not available This will be allocated on a 33/67 cost sharing basis Source EMBC March 11, 2011

44 44 New Programs In 2015 EMBC applied to the NDMP and obtained enough funds to obtain updated LiDAR and Bathymetry for Fraser River up to Hope (Pilot Project) In 2016 EMBC will be applying for substantial funding for flood hazard mapping and risk assessments This funding would be passed on to local authorities on a grant basis to encourage them to do the work Source EMBC March 11, 2011

45 45 Future Programs to Watch The New Green Infrastructure Fund is being planned. This could provide substantial funding for flood mitigation The Federal Budget established renewed funding for First Nations and could also be used for flood related issues March 11, 2011

46 46

47 Take-Aways It s a New Dawn! 2. The integrated approach (environment, economic, social) is the way to go 3. EMBC Plans to fund flood studies with federal funding

48 Planning for Floods 48 If you change the way you make decisions you will change the decisions you make Unknown Dave Murray,

The Hydro-illogical Cycle

The Hydro-illogical Cycle and the case for Integrated Flood Hazard Management Dave Murray, P.Eng., CWRA National President Canadian Water Resources Association Association Canadienne des Ressources Hydriques