Budget Monitoring and Expenditure Tracking: Civil Society and Transitions to HIV/AIDS Country Ownership

Transcription

1 Budget Mnitring and Expenditure Tracking: Civil Sciety and Transitins t HIV/AIDS Cuntry Ownership Suth Africa and Zimbabwe Cases Nhlanhla Ndlvu ARASA Reginal Training n Key Ppulatins and Glbal Fund Prcesses and Platfrms 9 13 March 2015

2 Outline Overview f Budget Mnitring, Expenditure Tracking and Advcacy Civil Sciety in the Cuntry Ownership prcess in Suth Africa Invlvement f civil sciety in HIV/AIDS funding prcesses in Zimbabwe. The Glbal Fund and PEPFAR survey

3 Budget Mnitring, Expenditure Analysis and Resurce Tracking Assessment f Resurce Need csting analysis Budget Allcatins indicatin f intended PUBLIC expenditure Budget Mnitring Prcess Actual amunts Revenue & tax Sectr analysis Outcme analysis lng-term indicatrs. Impact assessment Public Private Dnr Actual Expenditure executin f budget. Can include all surces f funds and by all service prviders Output analysis interim indicatrs cmparing with bjectives f expenditure Outputs Efficiency Effectiveness Quality 3

4 Overview f this sessin 1. The Budget prcess 1. What are the fur stages f the budget cycle? 2. What are the infrmatin requirements and challenges fr the budget cycle? 3. Wh are the key actrs in the budget cycle? a) The accuntability table 4. Hw can civil sciety and ther stakehlders influence the budget cycle? 4

5 Intrductin t the budget prcess While budget prcesses differ between cuntries, there are several key prcesses required fr effective allcatin and use f resurces Budget prcess is nt linear but cyclical and may include multi year budgeting Budgeting ccurs at varius levels (lcal, prvincial/state and natinal) devise yur strategy accrdingly but decisin-making pwers limited! Budget advcacy shuld be timeus intervene befre budget decisins are made, nt after! The Budget Cycle is (usually) described as having fur distinct phases: 5

6 The Phases f the Budget cycle Budget Frmulatin: The executive frmulates the budget, negtiated and aligned with brader budgeting framewrks Budget Enactment: The Minister f Finance r President presents the budget t the Legislature, which debates, amends and apprves it. Medium Term Expenditure Framewrk (MTEF) Multi-year rlling budget Budget Oversight and Assessment (Auditing): Budgeting and expenditure is assessed by SAI and the Legislature, recmmendatins are made, crrective actin taken Budget Executin: Funds are transferred t gvernment departments and agencies, spending is initiated, payments are made and in-year accunting takes place 6

7 Drafting an advcacy and peratinal plan fr a Budget Advcacy Prject. 1. Research List budget prblems and issues t be addressed List budget slutins Fcus: Cnslidate and agree n budget prblems and budget slutins t be addressed 2. Understand the Budget Cycle t be cnsidered fr this prject Where d the prblems lie? Where shuld it be slved? Wh can slve ur prblems? 3. Cnduct the SWOT and PEST analyses 4. Audience Develpment Cnfirm primary/ target audiences Identify secndary audiences 5. Message develpment Cmpnents f develping an advcacy message Cnsideratin fr drafting this advcacy message 6. Schedule / Timetable f activities

8 Civil Sciety Participatin in Suth Africa s Cuntry Ownership Transitin

9 Histrical recrd f increasing health HIV and AIDS funding in Suth Africa, nminal figures, R millin. 2003/4 t 2012/13 budget utcmes and 2013/ /17 budget estimates. Surces: Natinal Treasury (2004/5 2014/15 dcuments): Estimates f Prvincial Expenditure; Estimates f Natinal Expenditure; Medium Term Budget Plicy Statements; Budget Reviews; Divisin f Revenue Bills/Acts.

10 Study bjectives T measure Suth Africa s preparedness t frmulate and implement plans and budgets fr the prvisin f cmprehensive HIV/AIDS interventins, including thse fr key ppulatins, withut the assistance f dnrs. T assess the extent t which cmmunity needs are cnsidered in public and dnr decisin-making prcesses arund HIV/AIDS planning, budgeting and implementatin, by assessing civil sciety invlvement in these prcesses. T ffer recmmendatins t gvernment and dnrs fr a smth transitin t cuntry wnership with desired results.

11 Key findings: Status f cuntry wnership Suth Africa has put systems and prcesses in place fr cuntry wnership: Strng plitical will facilitates the transitin prcess Track recrd f cmprehensive plicymaking, budgeting and implementatin f HIV/AIDS interventins Natinal Strategic Plans Increased budgets and expenditure fr HIV/AIDS Increased effrts t strengthen leadership and gvernance thrugh the Suth African Natinal AIDS Cuncil (SANAC) Suth Africa is n track, but The magnitude f the epidemic demanding mre human and financial resurces The transitin will reduce financial cntributins frm dnrs; requiring that Suth Africa cvers the shrtfalls Lcal resurces nt sufficient t cver shrtfalls, despite the plitical will and drastical increases f budgets pssible cllapse f HIV/AIDS prgrammes if there is full transitin

12 Key findings: Scale-up f cre interventins Currently, 6,1 millin citizens live with HIV 2,2 millin receive ART n 350 CD4 standard, ut f 2,6 millin needing it (as f June 2013) (3 millin as per Finance Minister speech in Feb 2015). S, almst 50% f citizens living with HIV are n ART PMTCT described as a majr success MTCT rate at 8 weeks decreased frm 3.5% in 2010, t 2.7% in 2011 (2% as per Finance Minister in Feb 2015) 100% pregrant wmen wh present themselves at health clinics are tested, and 90% f thse fund HIV+ placed n ART Plitical will fr Vluntary Male Medical Circumcisin (VMMC), but less financial cmmitment 1 millin males gne thrugh VMMC (April 2014) VMMC mainly funded by PEPFAR Fear that full transitin wuld result in VMMC being unfunded Guidelines and budgets t be develped by gvernment t ensure effectiveness and sustainability

13 Key findings: Key ppulatins The NSP prmises interventins fr key ppulatins, especially sex wrkers (natinal sex wrker HIV preventin and treatment (NSWP) strategy develped), MSM and injecting drug users, but this is yet t be financed and realised High Transmissin Areas (HTA) is ne NSP prgramme targeting ppulatin f sex wrkers and truckers Other key ppulatins, such as injecting drug users and MSM are nt specifically catered fr in the public prgrammes Sme services prvided by private rganisatins, with funding assistance frm dnrs, mainly USAID/PEPFAR Key ppulatins nt sufficiently included in research, hence n ppulatin and epidemilgical data available fr knwledge and t infrm prgramming and budgeting Large HIV/AIDS funding prvides blanket services, insufficient targeting f key ppulatins and their specific needs Scarce funding infrmatin fr KP interventins

14 Key findings: Civil sciety participatin CSOs invlved in gvernment, PEPFAR and GF prcesses: There is mre meaningful invlvement in gvernment prcesses thrugh research, lbbying, and advisry rles at a technical level Gd CSO invlvement in GF prcesses, with 12 members f CCM cming frm civil sciety Hwever, unfair representatin f key ppulatins in the prcesses, e.g. MSM is a big grup represented by nly ne persn PEPFAR meetings invlving CSOs inadequate need t increase rm fr real engagement, depth and frequency

15 Key findings: Civil sciety participatin cnt. Dnrs recgnise the imprtance f CSOs in discussins and debates, but d nt sufficiently recgnise them thrugh funding Sme rganisatins reprtedly shut dwn because f lack f funding The transitin will require gvernment t fund the existing rganisatins which are currently dnr-dependent, and a full transitin will leave these rganisatins unfunded Bth GF and PEPFAR prcesses t cmplicated fr and intimidating t small r cmmunity-based rganisatins (CBOs) Funding prcesses very cmplex, discuraging CBOs frm applying Nt much effrt frm the side f GF and PEPFAR t supprt capacity building fr these rganisatins Exclusin f this layer f stakehlders pses a risk f excluding sme key issues imprtant fr plicymaking, prgramming, resurce allcatin and effective management f the epidemic

16 Key cnclusins There is cmmendable gvernment cmmitment t HIV/AIDS plicymaking and financing Preparedness fr cuntry wnership needs t recgnise future resurce needs fr up-scaling prgrammes, beynd current cverage Reducing dnr funding with the hpe that SA will cver the shrtfalls shuld be dne carefully. Full transitin will nt yield desired results. Thus nging technical and ther desired supprt envisined after the transitin perid Key ppulatin interventins shuld be priritised in plicymaking, budgeting, actual implementatin and reprting Key ppulatins and CBOs t be affrded enugh rm t participate in decisin-making prcesses and capacity building effrts Gvernment is nt likely t sufficiently fund CSOs and key ppulatin interventins after the transitin, s dnr supprt will always be required fr these PEPFAR and GF need t share their exit strategies mre penly, t enrich the cuntry wnership debate and t prepare cuntries like Suth Africa fr real, manageable and meaningful wnership

17 The Zimbabwe Case Advcating fr Civil Sciety Participatin and Influence in PEPFAR and Glbal Fund Prcesses in Zimbabwe - A Satisfactin Survey -

18 The specific bjectives f the research were: T measure civil sciety satisfactin n resurce allcatin prcesses in relatin t PEPFAR and the Glbal Fund; T assess PEPFAR and the Glbal Fund's engagement with CSOs in relatin t their budgeting and implementatin prcesses, and; T give recmmendatins t PEPFAR and the Glbal Fund at the cuntry level t imprve CSO active invlvement and participatin in their budget planning and implementatin prcesses in Zimbabwe.

19 Desk study findings The Glbal Fund and PEPFAR have put funding mdels in place t guide the identificatin f needs, priritisatin and allcatin f resurces t pririty needs. There is nt much emphasis n civil sciety participatin in the dnr and gvernment funding prcesses, which is key fr scial and financial accuntability f dnrs and gvernment. Even thugh sme meetings d take place between the dnrs and civil sciety, these are nt timely enugh t allw fr detailed r cmprehensive and meaningful engagement. Civil sciety needs t study funding prtcls s as t understand systems, prcesses and prcedures t engage with funding partners, as well as t build their wn capacity n budget planning and mnitring t ensure evidence generatin and accuntability.

20 Findings frm primary research There are mixed views abut the invlvement f civil sciety in PEPFAR and the Glbal Fund funding prcesses and/r decisin. Mre than half f the respndents were unsatisfied with the PEPFAR funding prcesses, indicating limited invlvement f civil sciety in agenda setting and resurce allcative decisin-making, and mre invlvement in the actual implementatin f prgrammes. Althugh mst respndents were satisfied with civil sciety invlvement in implementatin prcesses fr the Glbal Fund, as it was the case with PEPFAR, mst respndents (86%) were unsatisfied with the resurce allcatin prcess which smewhat excluded civil sciety when allcative decisins were made. Mst respndents were als nt satisfied with the mnitring and evaluatin prcesses f the Glbal Fund and PEPFAR, advcating fr mre civil sciety invlvement fr scial accuntability and infrmed future prgramming.

21 PEPFAR s respnse In respnse, PEPFAR indicated that there are platfrms such as the Lcal Capacity Initiative (LCI) available t influence the setting f the agenda by gvernment and ther stakehlders. LCI is a PEPFAR fund which is targeting civil sciety rganizatins at natinal, district and lcal levels t build their capacity and supprt advcacy fr transparent and evidence-based plicies and reductin f legal and structural barriers t the HIV respnse. Civil sciety needs t learn mre abut initiatives like these and take advantage f them.

22 The Glbal Fund respnse The Glbal Fund als respnded, thrugh the CCM, indicating that there are pprtunities fr active civil sciety invlvement, such as participatin in Mid-term Reviews planned, as well as t get interest grups t demand space in the CCM t represent key ppulatins wh are under-represented in the decisin making bdy fr HIV/AIDS in the cuntry.

23 Cnclusins Rle f civil sciety in HIV/AIDS planning and budget decisins identified r emphasized in the allcatin f funds by dnrs in Zimbabwe. Civil sciety has nt received enugh cnsideratin by dnrs t participate in resurce allcative decisins. Withut civil sciety invlvement in bth gvernment and dnr prcesses key cmmunity needs are likely t be verlked, resulting in insufficient r irrelevant interventins and lack f highly demanded transparency and accuntability. CSOs r individuals representing civil sciety in the GF and PEPFAR prcesses must participate meaningfully, ensuring that real needs f their cnstituencies are cnsidered in decisin making, influencing the agenda and decisins t avid civil sciety rubberstamping decisins made by thers. Engagement prcesses shuld be created t0 prvide gd interface platfrm fr scial accuntability.