Promoting Women s Economic Opportunities: Challenges and Policy Directions for Developing East Asia and Pacific. February 14, 2017
|
|
- Melvin Owen
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Promoting Women s Economic Opportunities: Challenges and Policy Directions for Developing East Asia and Pacific Tokyo February 14, 2017
2 Why does gender equality matter for development? Gender equality Is the right thing to do It is an integral part of development And the smart thing to do Underutilizing women s talents and skills means lost productivity and forgone growth Children benefit from better educated and healthier mothers Women s participation in decision making can improve institutions and policies Ensuring that women and men have the same access to economic opportunities is a key domain of gender equality 2
3 The economic benefits of greater equality in access to economic opportunities Million of people Projected number of people in labor force Greater participation of women in labor force can mitigate the effect of ageing in East Asia and Pacific countries Baseline Years Women participate at the same rate as men Elderly remain in labor force Permanent migration of 10 percent of labor force (aged 25-35) Source: World Bank, Live Long and Prosper,
4 Women s economic opportunities in East Asia and Pacific: an overview 4
5 Women are less likely to participate in the labor force than men in EAP Cambodia Lao PDR Vietnam Myanmar Papua New Guinea Thailand China East Asia & Pacific Japan Singapore High Income Countries Mongolia Republic of Korea World Indonesia Philippines Malaysia Pacific island small states Timor-Leste LFP among women is lower than LFP among men in every country in EAP Significant heterogeneities exist Average FLFP in EAP is above the world average Male LFP Female LFP Source: WDI 2014 Note: Labor force participation is the percentage of the working age male/female population that is active in the labor market 5
6 Women earn less than men on average in EAP Gender gap in hourly earnings of wage and salaried workers Raw gender gap Controlling for education and sector of activity Countries included: KHM, MNG, PHL, PNG, TMP, VNM Female earnings per $1 of male earnings Source: World Bank staff calculations using EAPPOV harmonized database Gender gap The gender gap widens as education and sector are taken into account 6
7 Women and men work in different sectors Share of men and women in different sectors of employment Education, health and social work Commerce Other services Financial, insurance and real estate Manufacturing Total employment, regardless of sector $23.88 $11.28 $8.93 $19.06 $13.62 $12.25 Public administration Agriculture and fishing $13.30 $2.65 Electricity, gas and water $15.92 Mining and quarrying $20.59 Transport, storage and communication $28.42 Construction $ Note: The red line indicates where equal representation of both genders in the sector would be. Male Female Source: World Bank staff calculations using EAPPOV harmonized database 7
8 What factors contribute to these gender gaps in labor markets in EAP? Differential access to labor/credit/land markets, and networks Social norms on care/market work Biased law/regulations, and limited infrastructure HOUSEHOLDS Differential allocation time/resources HOUSEHOLDS ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AGENCY ENDOWMENTS The framework from the WDR 2012 Gender Equality and Development facilitates understanding of factors which contribute to the observed disparities in the labor market in EAP 8
9 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Japan: Insufficient gender-related workplace protections EAP 26% Global Does the law mandate equal remuneration for work of equal value? 41% 38% 30% Does the law mandate nondiscrimination based on gender in hiring? 4% 8% Is it prohibited for prospective employers to ask about family status? 81% 83% Is dismissal of pregnant workers prohibited? 48% 63% Is there legislation on sexual harassment in employment? 26% 38% Are there civil remedies for sexual harassment in employment? No Yes No Yes Yes No MARKE TS INSTITUTIO EAP lags behind global averages in terms of gender-related workplace protections Source: Women Business and the Law
10 Limited parental benefits Parental benefits are lower than the world average and may hinder women s opportunities in EAP MARKE TS INSTITUTIO 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Japan EAP 52% Global 73% Does the government support or provide childcare services? Yes 85% 95% Does the law mandate paid or unpaid maternity leave? Yes What is the length of paid maternity leave (days)? EAP average Global average Japan Source: Women Business and the Law
11 Social norms dictate that women bear the lion share of childcare responsibilities MARK ETS In many countries in EAP female and male labor force participation rates diverge during childbearing years Source: World Bank staff calculations using EAPPOV harmonized database 11
12 Childcare responsibilities may result in having lower quality jobs, e.g., unpaid work 100% 90% 80% 8% 16% Employment type by gender 3% 30% MARK ETS 70% 60% 50% 37% 31% Women are more likely to work in household enterprises or as unpaid family workers 40% 30% 20% 10% 39% 35% 0% Male Female Wage and salaried Employer or self-employed Household enterprise worker or unpaid family worker Other Source: World Bank staff calculations using EAPPOV harmonized database 12
13 Childcare responsibilities may result in having lower quality jobs, e.g., part time work Part-time employment, by gender MARK ETS Women are more likely to work part time 5 0 Japan Female part-time employment (% female employment) Male part-time employment (% male employment) Korea, Rep. Source: WDI
14 In most EAP countries women are less likely to access formal financial institutions Percent of men and women who has a loan from a formal financial institution to purchase a home, an apartment or land MARKE TS Mongolia Malaysia World Cambodia Thailand EAP China Vietnam Philippines Indonesia Myanmar In most EAP countries, women are less likely to have a loan with a formal financial institution However, much heterogeneity exists: some countries having higher access than the world average, some lower 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Male Female Source: Global Findex data 2014 In Vietnam and Philippines women are more likely to have a loan than men 14
15 .. which may negatively affect female entrepreneurship MARKE TS 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% Had business loan from a bank for start-up capital 9% 13% Millions of Rupiah Start-up capital In Indonesia, female owners of micro-enterprises are less likely to have a business loan for start-up capital, and generally have lower startup capital. 0% Female Male 0 Female Male 15
16 Promising policies to increase women s economic opportunities 16
17 Improving formal institutions MARKE TS INSTITUTIO Tax policy to encourage both spouses working (e.g., secondary earner contribution, credits for child care) Canada: reduction of tax contribution of secondary earners triggered increase in female labor force participation (Tsounta, 2006) Paternity leave Sweden: 480 days of parental leave with benefits, of which 60 days are reserved for each parent and not transferable South Africa: electrification significantly raises female employment (Dinkelman, 2011) Investing in basic service delivery Papua New Guinea: road maintenance and rehabilitation program improved access to markets and increased women's incomes from market activities (Jusi, Asigau and Laatunen, 2007) 17
18 Changing informal institutions MARK ETS Mentoring, role models and networks Curriculum revisions Ethiopia: having a male mentor increases the likelihood of going into a male dominated field (Campos et al., 2015) India: bringing a friend to a training increases its effectiveness (Field et al., 2014) Lao PDR: new gender-sensitive primary education curriculum developed (UNICEF, 2009) Dialogue on gender roles Different countries: Promundo carries out trainings with men and women to address gender roles 18
19 Addressing market failures MARKE TS Skills building and transition to work Subsidized or state-funded childcare provision Liberia: Economic Empowerment of Adolescent Girls and Young Women increased employment by 43% (Adoho et al., 2014) Brazil: provision of free childcare increased employment of women who did not work before by 9-17 percent (Paes de Barros, 2011) 19
20 However, more rigorous evidence is needed Monitoring and evaluation, including impact evaluations, is imperative. The World Bank Group contributes to global knowledge creation on what works to improve women s economic opportunities through its Federation of Gender Innovation Labs, including the one focused on EAP. 20
21 Thank you! 21
Live Long and Prosper: Ageing in East Asia and Pacific
Live Long and Prosper: Ageing in East Asia and Pacific World Bank East Asia and Pacific regional flagship report Kuala Lumpur, September 2016 Presentation outline Key messages of the report Some basic
More informationLive Long and Prosper: Aging in East Asia and Pacific. World Bank EAP regional flagship report Tokyo, May 2016
Live Long and Prosper: Aging in East Asia and Pacific World Bank EAP regional flagship report Tokyo, May 2016 Key messages Outline of presentation The basic demographics The situation of older people in
More informationFinancing the MDG Gaps in the Asia-Pacific
Financing the MDG Gaps in the Asia-Pacific Dr. Nagesh Kumar Chief Economist, ESCAP And Director, ESCAP Subregional Office for South and South-West Asia, New Delhi 1 2 Outline Closing the poverty gap: interactions
More informationAging in East Asia and Pacific
Live Long and Prosper: Aging in East Asia and Pacific World Bank EAP Regional Flagship Report July 14 2016 Colombo, Sri Lanka Key messages Outline of presentation The basic demographics The situation of
More informationHealth Financing Note East Asia and Pacific (EAP) Region Governance issues in resource transfer. March 2010
Health Financing Note East Asia and Pacific (EAP) Region Governance issues in resource transfer March 2010 Stewardship of financing (governance, regulation and provision of information) The population
More informationThe 2015 Social Protection Indicator Results for Asia Sri Wening Handayani ADB Principal Social Development Specialist
The 2015 Social Protection Indicator Results for Asia Sri Wening Handayani ADB Principal Social Development Specialist The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily
More informationEast Asia & Pacific. Hulya Ulku Senior Economist Doing Business, DECIG Joanna Nasr Private Sector Dev. Specialist Doing Business, DECIG
East Asia & Pacific Hulya Ulku Senior Economist Doing Business, DECIG Joanna Nasr Private Sector Dev. Specialist Doing Business, DECIG October 26, 216 I. About Doing Business II. Findings of Doing Business
More informationHigh Level Political Forum Side Event
High Level Political Forum Side Event Financing for Development to Ensure No One is Left Behind 18 July 2016, 1:15-2:45 pm Delegates Dining Room United Nations, New York Financing for Development Infographics
More informationDoing Business 2014 Fact Sheet: East Asia and the Pacific
Doing Business 2014 Fact Sheet: East Asia and the Pacific Fifteen of 25 economies in East Asia and the Pacific implemented at least one regulatory reform making it easier to do business in the year from
More informationAsia-Pacific Countries with Special Needs Development Report Investing in Infrastructure for an Inclusive and Sustainable Future
Asia-Pacific Countries with Special Needs Development Report 2017 Investing in Infrastructure for an Inclusive and Sustainable Future Manila, 30 August 2017 Countries with special needs Countries with
More informationComment on Masaki Kuwahara A Search for Potential Female Labor Forces in Japan s Aging Society Challenges for Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama
Comment on Masaki Kuwahara A Search for Potential Female Labor Forces in Japan s Aging Society Challenges for Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama Masahiro Kawai, ADBI Macroeconomy Research Conference Beyond
More informationINFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS
INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS Key messages Developing Asia needs $26 trillion (in 2015 prices), or $1.7 trillion per year, for infrastructure investment in 2016-2030 Without climate change mitigation and adaptation,
More informationDoing Business in. Karim Belayachi Co-author, Doing Business Project. Neil Gregory Acting Director, Global Indicators and Analysis WASHINGTON, DC
Doing Business in East Asia and the Pacific Neil Gregory Acting Director, Global Indicators and Analysis Karim Belayachi Co-author, Doing Business Project WASHINGTON, DC 1 What does Doing Business measure?
More informationMoney, Finance, and Prices
118 III. Money, Finance, and Prices Snapshot Inflation, as measured by the consumer price index (CPI), exceeded 5.0% in 13 of 47 regional economies in 2017. In 2017, the money supply expanded on an annual
More informationThird Working Meeting of the Technical Advisory Group (TAG) on Population and Social Statistics
Third Working Meeting of the Technical Advisory Group (TAG) on Population and Social Statistics Framework of Inclusive Growth Indicators (FIGI) Kaushal Joshi Senior Statistician, Research Division, Economics
More informationWomen, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity
Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity Kalpana Kochhar Deputy Director Strategy, Policy, and Review Department, IMF June 12, 2014 The views expressed in this presentation
More informationAsia-Pacific: Sustainable Development Financing Outreach. Asia-Pacific: Landscape & State of Sustainable Financing
Asia-Pacific: Sustainable Development Financing Outreach Asia-Pacific: Landscape & State of Sustainable Financing Dr. Shamshad Akhtar, United Nations Under-Secretary-General & ESCAP Executive Secretary
More informationDoing Business 2015 Fact Sheet: East Asia and the Pacific
Doing Business 2015 Fact Sheet: East Asia and the Pacific Fifteen of 25 economies in East Asia and the Pacific implemented at least one regulatory reform making it easier to do business in the year from
More informationFor More Efficient Tax Administration in Asia
For More Efficient Tax Administration in Asia Satoru Araki, Public Management Specialist (Taxation) Regional and Sustainable Development Department Asian Development Bank The 5th IMF-Japan High-Level Tax
More informationPoverty and development Week 11 March 15. Readings: Ray chapter 8
Poverty and development Week 11 March 15 Readings: Ray chapter 8 1 Introduction Poverty is both of intrinsic and functional significance. Poverty has enormous implications for the way in which entire economies
More informationAgenda 3. The research framework for compiling and analyzing income support scheme
2011 Expert Meeting Agenda 3. The research framework for compiling and analyzing income support scheme Yun Suk-myung Seoul 1 June 2011 Methodology Data & Information to be Compiled & Analyzed 2 Ⅰ. Methodology
More informationFinancing for Development in Asia and the Pacific: Opportunities and Challenges
Financing for Development in Asia and the Pacific: Opportunities and Challenges Dr. Shamshad Akhtar, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations & Executive Secretary of The Economic and Social Commission
More informationWomen, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity
Women, Work, and the Economy: Macroeconomic Gains from Gender Equity Kalpana Kochhar Deputy Director Strategy, Policy, and Review Department, IMF October 12, 2013 The views expressed in this presentation
More informationADB BRIEFS NO. 21 KEY POINTS MAY Sri W. Handayani 1 Asian Development Bank 2
NO. 21 MAY 2014 ADB BRIEFS KEY POINTS Overall, women received fewer benefits and less coverage from social protection programs. Women also have less equitable access to social insurance than men but appear
More informationGlobal Economic Management and Asia s Responsibility Masahiro Kawai Asian Development Bank Institute
Global Economic Management and Asia s Responsibility Masahiro Kawai Asian Development Bank Institute PECC 18 th General Meeting Economic Crisis and Recovery: Roles for the Asia-Pacific Economies Washington,
More informationHome & Community Care for Older People in ASEAN Member Countries
Home & Community Care for Older People in ASEAN Member Countries Regional Expert Consultation on Long-term Care of Older Persons, 9-10 December 2014, Bangkok Mr. Cho Hyunse President HelpAge Korea hyun@helpage.or.kr
More informationAchievements and Challenges
LDCs Graduation in Asia-Pacific: Achievements and Challenges Ministerial Meeting of Asia-Pacific Least Developed Countries on Graduation and Post 2015 Development Agenda Kathmandu, Nepal 16-18 December
More informationPaying Taxes 2018 Global and Regional Findings: ASIA PACIFIC
World Bank Group: Indira Chand Phone: +1 202 458 0434 E-mail: ichand@worldbank.org PwC: Rowena Mearley Tel: +1 646 313-0937 / + 1 347 501 0931 E-mail: rowena.j.mearley@pwc.com Fact sheet Paying Taxes 2018
More information5 SAVING, CREDIT, AND FINANCIAL RESILIENCE
5 SAVING, CREDIT, AND FINANCIAL RESILIENCE People save for future expenses a large purchase, investments in education or a business, their needs in old age or in possible emergencies. Or, facing more immediate
More informationContents. Introducing Global-KDIC KSP. Ⅱ Sharing KDIC s Experience. Lessons and Future Work
Contents Ⅰ Introducing Global-KDIC KSP Ⅱ Sharing KDIC s Experience Ⅲ Lessons and Future Work 2 Ⅰ. Introducing Global-KDIC KSP 3 Deposit Insurance System (DIS)? Deposit Insurance System (DIS) A system established
More informationEMPLOYMENT BEHAVIOUR OF THE ELDERLY IN THAILAND
EMPLOYMENT BEHAVIOUR OF THE ELDERLY IN THAILAND Thuttai Keeratipongpaiboon Department of Economics School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London The 11 th IFA Global Conference on
More informationCharting Brunei s Economy
Charting Brunei s Economy Designed to help executives catch up with the economy and incorporate macro impacts into company s planning. Annual subscription includes 2 semiannual issues published in June
More informationAsian Banking, Depositor Preference, and Deposit Insurance
Asian Banking, Depositor Preference, and Deposit Insurance Kevin Davis Professor of Finance, University of Melbourne Research Director, ACFS Professor, Monash University University of Melbourne 1 Summary
More informationCharting Myanmar s Economy
Charting Myanmar s Economy Designed to help executives catch up with the economy and incorporate macro impacts into company s planning. Annual subscription includes 2 semiannual issues published in June
More informationEconomic Consequence of Population Ageing in Asia
Economic Consequence of Population Ageing in Asia Bazlul H Khondker Department of Economics Dhaka University Chairman South Asian Network on Economic Modeling (SANEM) Presented at 12 th Global NTA Meeting
More informationFinancing for Sustainable Urbanization
Place Date here Financing for Sustainable Urbanization Rana Hasan* Asian Development Bank The 4th Asian Think Tank Development Forum New Delhi, India October 27 2016 This presentation has benefited from
More informationShort-term social security benefits. Celine Peyron Bista, ILO Bogor, Indonesia, 7 March 2017
Short-term social security benefits Celine Peyron Bista, ILO Bogor, Indonesia, 7 March 2017 Outline Maternity protection Sickness leave Unemployment benefits 2 Maternity protection Income security paid
More informationLegal Review of FTA Tariff Negotiations
Legal Review of FTA Tariff Negotiations Prof. Jong Bum Kim August 6, 2007 Legal Review of FTA Tariff Negotiations 1. Recent state of FTAs in the world Causes behind FTA Proliferation 2. WTO Consistent
More informationPromoting Fairness and Sustainability of Pension Systems in East and Southeast Asia
Promoting Fairness and Sustainability of Pension Systems in East and Southeast Asia Dr. Donghyun PARK, Asian Development Bank (dpark@adb.org) UNESCAP Regional Consultation on Strengthening Income Support
More informationAsia-Pacific Countries with Special Needs Development Report Investing in infrastructure for an inclusive and sustainable future
Asia-Pacific Countries with Special Needs Development Report 2017 Investing in infrastructure for an inclusive and sustainable future Tbilisi, 8 May 2017 Introduction Countries with special needs (CSN)
More informationGlobal: On the horizon for 2017
11 Jan 2017 / Latest / Global: On the horizon for 2017 Global: On the horizon for 2017 By Sarah Hellewell / 15 Dec 2016 Regions & Countries Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, Mexico,
More informationThe G20 Mexico Summit 2012 Key Issues for Asia-Pacific
The G20 Mexico Summit 2012 Key Issues for Asia-Pacific Third ESCAP High-Level Consultation Bangkok, 23 May 2012 Dr. Nagesh Kumar Chief Economist, UN-ESCAP And Director, ESCAP SRO-SSWA 1 Outline Reviving
More informationEnhancing Gender Equality in the Japanese Labour Market
Enhancing Gender Equality in the Japanese Labour Market Working Women Network Symposium 24 November 2014 Stefano Scarpetta Director, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, OECD THE OECD GENDER INITIATIVE
More informationFiscal policy for inclusive growth in Asia
Fiscal policy for inclusive growth in Asia Dr. Donghyun Park, Principal Economist Economics and Research Department, Asian Development Bank PRI-IMF-ADBI Tokyo Fiscal Forum on Fiscal Policy toward Long-Term
More informationSELECT FOREIGN LAWS PROVIDING TIME OFF FOR MATERNITY PURPOSES *
SELECT FOREIGN LAWS PROVIDING TIME OFF FOR MATERNITY PURPOSES * COUNTRY TERMS OF BENEFIT ELIGIBILITY FUNDING SOURCE/WHO PAYS? AUSTRALIA BELGIUM CANADA No general statutory entitlement to time off for maternity
More informationChanging Population Age Structures and Sustainable Development
Changing Population Age Structures and Sustainable Development Report of the Secretary-General to the 50 th session of the Commission on Population and Development (E/CN.9/2017/2) Population Division,
More informationHealth Care Financing in Asia: Key Issues and Challenges
Health Care Financing in Asia: Key Issues and Challenges Phnom Penh May 3 2012 Soonman KWON, Ph.D. Professor of Health Economics and Policy School of Public Health Seoul National University, Korea 1 OUTLINE
More informationMDG 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development
182 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 MDG 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 8 has six targets. The first three and last are the focus of this
More informationLabor Force Participation Rate in Tokyo Has Been Tending to Increase in Recent Years. Labor Force Status Varies by Sex and Age
Employment in TokyoLabor Force Labor Force Labor Force Participation Rate in Tokyo Has Been Tending to Increase in Recent Years Labor Force Status Varies by Sex and Age (1, ) 1,8.9 Labor force participation
More informationOverview of Public Pension Systems in Emerging Asia
Overview of Public Pension Systems in Emerging Asia Gemma Estrada Asian Development Bank Regional Expert Forum on Population Ageing Bangkok, Thailand, 12-13 July 2016 Introduction Old-age income support
More informationEmployment, Productivity and Poverty Reduction in the Philippines
Employment, Productivity and Poverty Reduction in the Philippines Director Lawrence Jeff Johnson ILO Country Office for the Philippines 34 th National Conference of Employers 24 May 2013, Manila Global
More informationWork-Family Balance. overview of policies in Asia
Work-Family Balance overview of policies in Asia Family and Work: The Socio Cultural Contexts Family harmony, unity, solidarity Intergenerational support, filial piety existence of other adult parental
More informationSelect foreign EXTO Laws: By Country
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2006 Select foreign EXTO Laws: By Country Workplace Flexibility 2010, Georgetown University Law Center This paper can be downloaded free of
More informationPURSUING SHARED PROSPERITY IN AN ERA OF TURBULENCE AND HIGH COMMODITY PRICES
2012 Key messages Asia-Pacific growth to slow in 2012 amidst global turbulence: Spillovers of the euro zone turmoil Global oil price hikes Excess liquidity and volatile capital flows Key long-term challenge:
More informationParallel Session 7: Regional integration
ASIA-PACIFIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING NETWORK ON TRADE ARTNeT CONFERENCE ARTNeT Trade Economists Conference Trade in the Asian century - delivering on the promise of economic prosperity 22-23 rd September
More informationSurvey launch in 37 locations
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SURVEY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 213 Forward-looking Macroeconomic Policies for Inclusive and Sustainable Development 1 Survey launch in 37 locations 2 28 Locations in Asia-Pacific New
More informationGLOBAL MOBILITY TRENDS IN ASIA
HEALTH WEALTH CAREER GLOBAL MOBILITY TRENDS IN ASIA Mario Ferraro Global Mobility Practice Leader Asia, Middle East, Africa & Turkey Mercer March 2017 INTRODUCTION Mario Ferraro Regional Practice Leader,
More informationTokyo s Labour Force Affected by declining birth rate and an aging population
Employment in Tokyo Employees Tokyo s Labour Force Affected by declining birth rate and an aging population Employment in Tokyo Employment Status Change of Type of Employment, etc. Leads to Various Employment
More informationGoal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development
112 Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development Snapshots In 21, the net flow of official development assistance (ODA) to developing economies amounted to $128.5 billion which is equivalent to.32%
More informationThe Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific
The Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific 10 November 2015 Kenichi Kawasaki GRIPS/JIIA/RIETI 29 October 2011 Overview The relative significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific TPP and RCEP are shown to
More informationLast Name First Name Middle Initial ADDRESS Street City County State Zip
APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT Kolberg-Pioneer, Inc. An Equal Opportunity Employer (HRF-002-03 01/16) This application is valid for the calendar year of 2018. Kolberg-Pioneer, Inc. will provide the Social
More informationStrengthening public finance in North and Central Asia. An overview
Strengthening public finance in North and Central Asia An overview Public finance is the financing backbone for sustainable development and infrastructure investment The financing demand for the implementation
More informationHUMAN GEOGRAPHY. By Brett Lucas
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY By Brett Lucas DEVELOPMENT Overview Economic indicators of development Social indicators of development Demographic indicators of development Economic Indicators Indicators of Development
More informationFIGURE EAP: Recent developments
Growth in the East Asia and Pacific region is expected to remain solid, slowing marginally to 6.3 percent in 2018 and to an average of 6.1 percent in 2019-20, broadly as previously projected. This modest
More informationAddendum. E/ICEF/2015/5/Add.1 18 May 2015 Original: English. For information
18 May 2015 Original: English For information United Nations Children s Fund Executive Board Annual session 2015 16-19 June 2015 Item 3 of the provisional agenda* Addendum Annual report of the Executive
More information2. Mining equipment exports
Raw Materials Scoreboard Mining equipment exports 2. Mining equipment exports Key points: The EU-28, China, Japan and the United States were net exporters of mining equipment over the 2011-2015 period.
More informationExecutive summary. Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals
Executive summary Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals 2017 19 Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals Executive summary Social protection,
More informationADB, SOCIAL PROTECTION AND THE SDGS EMERGING CHALLENGES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
ADB, SOCIAL PROTECTION AND THE SDGS EMERGING CHALLENGES IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Wendy Walker Chief of Social Development Thematic Group Sustainable Development and Climate Change Department ADB Disclaimer:
More informationInstitutional Investors and Infrastructure Financing
Institutional Investors and Infrastructure Financing Tientip Subhanij Policy Dialogue on Infrastructure Financing Strategies in South-East Asia 29-30 August 2017 Manila, Philippines Background o Traditionally,
More informationPaying Taxes 2019 Global and Regional Findings: ASIA PACIFIC
World Bank Group: Indira Chand Phone: +1 202 458 0434 E-mail: ichand@worldbank.org PwC: Sharon O Connor Tel:+1 646 471 2326 E-mail: sharon.m.oconnor@pwc.com Fact sheet Paying Taxes 2019 Global and Regional
More informationMixed picture for Indonesia s garment sector
Indonesia Garment and Footwear Sector Bulletin Issue I September 2017 Mixed picture for Indonesia s garment sector By Richard Horne and Marina Cruz de Andrade Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific horne@ilo.org
More informationASIA-PACIFIC HIGH-LEVEL CONSULTATION ON FINANCING FOR DEVELOPMENT April 2015 Jakarta. Chair s summary
ASIA-PACIFIC HIGH-LEVEL CONSULTATION ON FINANCING FOR DEVELOPMENT 29-30 April 2015 Jakarta Chair s summary 1. The Asia-Pacific High-level Consultation on Financing for Development was held from 29 to 30
More informationEmployment and wages rising in Pakistan s garment sector
Asia-Pacific Garment and Footwear Sector Research Note Issue 7 February 2017 Employment and wages rising in Pakistan s garment sector By Phu Huynh Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific huynh@ilo.org
More informationLabor Market Regulation
Labor Market Regulation Dorina P. Georgieva Operations Analyst Doing Business Unit March 20, 2019 I. Why does it matter? II. What does it measure and what does it not? III. What are the main findings in
More informationInfrastructure Financing Challenges in Southeast Asia
Infrastructure Financing Challenges in Southeast Asia Alfredo Perdiguero Director, Regional Cooperation and Coordination Division Southeast Asia Department Asian Development Bank Policy Dialogue on Infrastructure
More informationSession 1 : Economic Integration in Asia: Recent trends Session 2 : Winners and losers in economic integration: Discussion
Session 1 : 09.00-10.30 Economic Integration in Asia: Recent trends Session 2 : 11.00-12.00 Winners and losers in economic integration: Discussion Session 3 : 12.30-14.00 The Impact of Economic Integration
More informationParallel Session 5: FDI and development
ASIA-PACIFIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING NETWORK ON TRADE ARTNeT CONFERENCE ARTNeT Trade Economists Conference Trade in the Asian century - delivering on the promise of economic prosperity 22-23 rd September
More informationJapan-ASEAN Comprehensive Economic Partnership
Japan- Comprehensive Economic Partnership By Dr. Kitti Limskul 1. Introduction The economic cooperation between countries and Japan has been concentrated on trade, investment and official development assistance
More informationtariff global business nontariff barriers multinational corporation quota direct foreign investment trade barriers voluntary export restraints
global business tariff multinational corporation nontariff barriers direct foreign investment quota trade barriers voluntary export restraints protectionism government import standard A direct tax on imported
More informationMacroeconomic Implications of Aging in East Asia Pacific: Demography, Labor Markets and Productivity
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Macroeconomic Implications of Aging in East Asia Pacific: Demography, Labor Markets and Productivity Report No.: 99401-EAP Public Disclosure Authorized
More informationAsia and the Pacific: Economic Outlook. PFTAC Steering Committee Meeting March 27, 2018 Suva, Fiji
Asia and the Pacific: Economic Outlook PFTAC Steering Committee Meeting March 27, 2018 Suva, Fiji 1 Growth in the region remains strong... Growth Projections: World and Selected Asia (Percent change from
More informationThe Role of Non-state Actors in Social Cohesion: The ADB SP Plan
The Role of Non-state Actors in Social Cohesion: The ADB SP Plan Maria Socorro G. Bautista ADB The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of
More information2017 Annual Review of Salary and Benefits for International Staff, National Staff, and Administrative Staff
November 2017 2017 Annual Review of Salary and Benefits for International Staff,, and Distribution of this document is restricted until it has been approved by the Board of Directors. Following such approval,
More informationHealth Sector Financing in Lao PDR
Health Sector Financing in Lao PDR Contents 1. Health Financing Situation in Lao PDR 2. Key Achievements and Challenges in Health Sector 3. Policy Recommendations All photos are copyright World Bank Group
More informationFinancial Inclusion in ASEAN Presentation for the ASEAN Working Group on Financial Inclusion Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 21, 2016
Financial Inclusion in ASEAN Presentation for the ASEAN Working Group on Financial Inclusion Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, January 21, 2016 Jose De Luna Martinez World Bank Group Contents I. Financial inclusion
More informationMyanmar. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific Item
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2017 1 POPULATION a Total population million; as of 1 October 46.1 46.6 47.1 47.6 48.1 48.5 48.8 49.2 49.5 49.8 50.2 50.6 51.0 51.4 52.0 52.5 52.9 Population density
More informationAsia and the Pacific: Economic Outlook and Drivers
2018/FDM1/004 Session 2.1 Asia and the Pacific: Economic Outlook and Drivers Purpose: Information Submitted by: International Monetary Fund Finance and Central Bank Deputies Meeting Port Moresby, Papua
More informationPartnering with IFC. in East Asia and the Pacific
Partnering with IFC in East Asia and the Pacific IFC, a member of the World Bank Group, is the largest global development finance institution exclusively focused on the private sector in emerging markets.
More informationThank you for your invaluable contribution to the Women, Business and the Law project and to the work of the World Bank Group.
Women, Business and the Law wbl.worldbank.org «Survey_Economy» Dear «FirstName» «LastName», The Women, Business and the Law (WBL) report is a publication of the World Bank Group that benchmarks laws and
More informationWomen Entrepreneurship: Global Trends
Қазақстан қор биржасы Казахстанская фондовая биржа Kazakhstan Stock Exchange Women Entrepreneurship: Global Trends August 30, 2017 Astana, Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Business Climate Business Climate DOING
More informationRole and Challenges of Specialized Financial Institutions
Seminar on Specialized Financial Institutions in the New Edition: Role of Financial Inclusion for Inclusive and Sustainable Growth Role and Challenges of Specialized Financial Institutions Jose De Luna
More informationExtension of Social Protection in ASEAN. Celine Peyron Bista ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 17 November 2014
Extension of Social Protection in ASEAN Celine Peyron Bista ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 17 November 2014 Key questions What is social protection? Social protection, what is important to
More informationWomen in Work How can policy makers encourage female labour force participation?
Women in Work How can policy makers encourage female labour force participation? Ensuring that women can partake in the workforce on equal terms with men is important for gender equality and poverty reduction.
More informationPre-Budget Brief Singapore
Pre-Budget Brief 2019 Singapore Contents Economic indicators 1 Economic trends 2 Singapore tax rates a history 3 Co rporate tax Prevailing corporate income tax rates in selected jurisdictions 5 as at 1
More informationGEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION (GDOE) Administrative Technology Division. FY 2017 CPI Data Collection Data Elements Glossary
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION (GDOE) Administrative Technology Division FY 2017 CPI Data Collection Data Elements Glossary CPI DATA ELEMENTS GLOSSARY Glossary ANNUAL CONTRACT SALARY FOR CERTIFIED ANNUAL
More informationLAO ECONOMIC MONITOR APRIL 2017
LAO ECONOMIC MONITOR APRIL 2017 May-June 2017 1. Recent Economic Developments and Outlook 2. Health Sector Financing in Lao PDR 1. Recent Economic Developments Contents 1. Key findings 2. Growth and inflation
More informationNote on Revisions. Investing Across Borders 2010 Report
Note on Revisions Last revision: August 30, 2011 Investing Across Borders 2010 Report This note documents all data and revisions to the Investing Across Borders (IAB) 2010 report since its release on July
More informationFDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC
FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC Outline Myanmar Nowadays Trend of Investment New Investment Law Way Forward Myanmar Nowadays Foreign Investment in Myanmar
More informationInformation on Subscription for the. Fifth General Capital Increase
Information on Subscription for the Fifth General Capital Increase May 2009 Information on Subscription for the Fifth General Capital Increase May 2009 2009 Asian Development Bank In this publication,
More informationADB Economics Working Paper Series. Poverty Impact of the Economic Slowdown in Developing Asia: Some Scenarios
ADB Economics Working Paper Series Poverty Impact of the Economic Slowdown in Developing Asia: Some Scenarios Rana Hasan, Maria Rhoda Magsombol, and J. Salcedo Cain No. 153 April 2009 ADB Economics Working
More information