Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Category for the head of the household

Transcription

1 4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILES OF UITENHAGE SUB-AREAS 4.1. Socio-Economic Profile of Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas Please note : the categories of Higher, Middle, Lower are mere descriptors used for the purposes of this study to enable socio-economic analysis; it is a methodological necessity that is based on statistical generalizations that does not justify using such descriptors for other purposes. i) Areas categorized into Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas Vanes Estate Levyvale Jansendal Strelitzia Park Strelitzia Park Ext Winterhoek Park Winterhoek Park Ext ii) Contents Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household size Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Category for the head of the household Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main home language Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Gender Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Race groups Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Age at last birthday Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment status of household members Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment sector Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Duration of work Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Acquisition of skills (current job) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Educational attainment Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Highest tertiary attainment Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Monthly household income Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Types of support used by the household in making a living Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Aspects of need experienced by the household a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Livelihood support received by the household

2 4.1.16b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Type of livelihood support received by the household Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household material deprivation a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of personal economic situation compared to 5 years ago b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of current personal economic situation in 5 years time Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - HIV/AIDS (household head) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - TB (household head) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - TB treatment options that apply to the respondent if presently suffering from TB (household head) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Type of dwelling occupied by household (in sample) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Dwelling ownership Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Availability of land-line telephones a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Sanitary service (type) b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with sanitary service (household head) a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Electricity supply b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with electricity supply (household head) a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main water source b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with water source (household head) a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Refuse removal b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with refuse removal (household head) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with the dwelling as a whole (household head) Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Safety in the neighbourhood Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Reasons why respondents feel unsafe in their neighbourhood Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with neighbourhood as a whole (household head) : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Past-present comparisons regarding conditions in the neighbourhood as a whole iii) Presentation of Results

3 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household size Table 4.1.1: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household size Comment: As expected, higher socio-economic households are relatively small. The size is concentrated between 2 and 4 members. Only 4.9% of households have over 4 persons

4 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Category for the head of the household Table 4.1.2: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Category for the head of the household Comment: Relatively high frequency (62.3%) of households are headed by female. This is the pattern in all groups.

5 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main home language Table 4.1.3: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main home language Comment: It can be assumed that this area has not changed significantly in ethnic and racial terms despite many changes in surrounding areas

6 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Gender Table 4.1.4: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Gender Comment High percentate of males and relatively lower percentage of male household heads

7 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Race groups Table 4.1.5: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Race groups Comment Confirms the trend indicated in Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Age at last birthday Table 4.1.6: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Age at last birthday

8 Comment It can be expected that the age profile of a higher socio-economic community will be relatively high with 54% of people over 35 years old Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment status of household members (all persons, all ages) Table 4.1.7: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment status of household members (all persons, all ages) The above reflect many indications of a relative stability with high levels of permanent and full-time employment and almost no-one being unemployed and actively looking for work. This indicates a very significant trend that differentiates higher socio-economic areas from middle socioeconomic, lower socio-economic and particularly poor areas. This data must be seen in conjunction with data on education attainment, skills, sources of income and dependency.

9 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment sector Table 4.1.8: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Employment sector (Applicable to all persons who are employed: permanent/full-time employment; self employed; contract/temporary employment) Employment is concentrated in four sectors: manufacturing, construction, trade (wholesale / retail) and community services There are indications of relative growth in each of those compared to sectors in which people held previous jobs There is, in particular, growth in trade and community service (which includes governement) employment

10 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Duration of work Table 4.1.9: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Duration of work (Applicable to all persons who are employed: permanent/full-time employment; self employed; contract/temporary employment) It can be expected that higher socio-economic areas with reflect relatively high levels of stability

11 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Acquisition of skills for current jobs Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Acquisition of skills for current jobs (Applicable to all persons who are employed: permanent/full-time employment; self employed; contract/temporary employment) Again, a predictable pattern than corresponds with previous data; high levels formal skills aquisition is also a very significant trend in comparison with other socio-economic areas where lesser work and income security are related to more informal (self-taught, in-service and experience)

12 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Educational attainment (Age > 18) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Educational attainment (Age > 18) Consistent with pattern of above-stated data there is a high level of high-school completion These results show dramatic contrast with poor areas. This is one of strongest single variables of all the socio-economic factors in this study and are consistly related to employment status, stability, income and dependency in the rest of the study. The data confirms the commonly received wisdom that completion of high school is n critical key to socioeconomic advancement in all areas of society However, it is also important to point out that the next item (tertiary qualification) proved to be a critical factor. Thus, high school is not enough!

13 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas Highest tertiary attainment Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas Highest tertiary attainment Comment Only 24% of respondents do not have an tertiary level qualification and as much as 75.9% have. Completion of high school and the aquisitition of a tertiary qualification are of the strongest variables in this study. These results does not necessarily suggest the importance a university degree since a very high percentage of these qualifications are of a vocational / technical nature. These results are consistent with international and national trends: high levels of educational qualifications is related to high employment, higher income and less dependency The contrast with poor areas are dramatic and the results further on will indate that these patterns also occur within areas of similar historical background.

14 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Monthly household income Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Monthly household income Consistent with national trends this socio-economic groups reveals high levels of educational qualification, high levels of employment and employment stability, relatively higher levels of income. All households in the sample earning more than R1 501 per month and 63.9% earn more than R per month. In comparison with areas like Kayamnandi,Joe Slovo, KwaNobuhle Area 2 these results indicate the stark patterns of difference that prevail in our Metro.

15 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Types of support used by the household in making a living Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Types of support used by the household in making a living Please note that percentage can exceed 100% because of different sources of income by the same or different members of a household The above reveals a typical pattern of high salary and wage income, income from other sources like monthly housing subsidies, investments and rental income With the addition of low dependency on grants the pattern is clear that high levels of income from a salary or wage from an employer correlates with school attainment and tertiary qualification and income. Dramatic contrast with poor areas

16 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Aspects of need experienced by the household Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Aspects of need experienced by the household These data indicate a socio-economic group whose important needs are met on a regular basis with the occurnace of unmet needs being very low. As will be seen in the rest of the report, the low frequency of deprivation with regards to education is significant in comparison with other socio-economic groups. This is perhaps where the vicious cycle starts; a capacity to invest in education. The contrast with poor areas can only be described as dramatic

17 4.1.16a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Livelihood support received by the household Table a: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Livelihood support received by the household Again, the precentages are low indicating low levels of dependency on external sources

18 4.1.16b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - household Type of livelihood support received by the Table b: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Type of livelihood support received by the household Please note that these figures must be seen together with the figures of previous table which indicates very low dependency on external sources

19 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household material deprivation Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Household material deprivation Consistent with above patterns this data indicate low percentages of deprivation typical among higher socio-economic groups There are great disparaties between different socio-economic groups in terms of access to computers; thus, 8.3% who lack access is a low figure that is in dramatic contrast with poor areas

20 4.2.18a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of personal economic situation compared to 5 years ago Table a : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of current personal economic situation compared to 5 years ago The results reveal a socio-economic group that is relatively secure and consequently relatively positive about the present

21 4.2.18b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of current personal economic situation in 5 years time Table b : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Subjective projection of current personal economic situation in 5 years time Same as above, the results reveal a socio-economic group that is relatively secure and consequently relatively positive about the future

22 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - HIV/AIDS (Household head) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - HIV/AIDS (Household head) High levels of knowledge and willingness to be tested

23 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - TB (Household head) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - TB (Household head) It can be assumed that this is not a major issue in this socio-economic category

24 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - TB treatment options that apply to the respondent if presently suffering form TB (Household head) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - respondent if presently suffering form TB (Household head) TB treatment options that apply to the It can be assumed that this is not a major issue in this socio-economic category

25 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Type of dwelling occupied by household Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Type of dwelling occupied by household Predictably, most people in this socio-economic category live in formal free-standing houses. Yet, it is an important variable in terms of a comparative socio-economic analysis. For these people a secure house is part and parcel of socio-economic stability. In poor areas a formal house often convey an illusionary sense of well-being or quality of life because the other variables are not in place.

26 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Dwelling ownership Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Dwelling ownership High levels of socio-economic stability with high percentage (88.5%) of people who own their own houses and 41% of these being fully-paid-off

27 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Availability of land-line telephones Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Availability of land-line telephones Predictably high levels Dramatic contrast with poor areas

28 4.1.25a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Sanitary service Table a: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Sanitary service Predictably high levels

29 4.1.25b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with sanitary services (Household head) Table b: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with sanitary services (Household head) Predictably high levels of satisfaction

30 4.1.26a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Electricity supply Table a: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Electricity supply

31 4.1.26b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with electricity supply (Household head) Table b: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with electricity supply (Household head)

32 4.1.27a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main water source Table a: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Main water source

33 4.1.27b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with water source (Household head) Table b: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with water source (Household head)

34 4.1.28a. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Refuse removal Table a: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Refuse removal

35 4.1.28b. Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with refuse removal (Household head) Table b: Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with refuse removal (Household head)

36 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with the dwelling as a whole (Household head) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfactions with the dwelling as a whole (Household head) High levels of satisfaction

37 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Safety in the neighbourhood Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Safety in the neighbourhood These respondents live in areas with low levels of threat to their sense of safety and security However, there are indications of a caution and awareness of potential threat

38 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Reasons why respondents feels unsafe in their neighbourhood Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Reasons why respondents feels unsafe in their neighbourhood Alcohol/drug abuse Area too dark at night Vehicles driven at high speed/carelessly Houses often broken into Drug dealers operate in the area Murder No trust in neighbours/other people Not enough police patrolling the area Public violence Rape Theft from cars Violent gangs Theft of cars 1st reason 2nd reason 3rd reason Corresponding with the previous table. Respondents indicate an awareness and concern about housebreaking, limited policing and theft from cars

39 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with neighbourhood as a whole (Household head) Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Satisfaction with neighbourhood as a whole (Household head) Most respondents were satisfied with their neighbourhoods as a whole

40 Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Past-present comparisons regarding conditions in the neighbourhood as a whole Table : Uitenhage Higher Socio-Economic Areas - Past-present comparisons regarding conditions in the neighbourhood as a whole As noted above, most of these respondents are positive about the present Reflection on results The respondents that were categorized into the higher socio-economic category reveal a very predictable pattern of responses to most of the above areas of questions. There is a positive correlation between high in terms of the key socio-economic indicators (education, skills, employment and income) and their ability to meet their basic and higher level needs and there are little evidence of dependence. The areas categorized into this grouping can be described as well-provided for, stable and experiencing a relatively good quality of life. Predictably, they are also feel relatively safe and secure, are positve about the present