European socia statistics

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1 ISSN Ζ O Q ui «tf o o ÍM European socia statistics Social protection Expenditure and receipts Data -21 EUROPEAN COMMISSION THEME 3 ÏJ Population and social conditions

2 Our mission is to provide the European Union with a high-quality statistical information service Eurostat'S collections are adapted to the needs of all users. You will find them in each of the nine themes proposed by Eurostat. 7^ Wi 1 General statistics 2 Economy and finance 3 Population and social conditions 4 Industry, trade and services «ts C j fr~ 6 External trade 7 Transport 8 Environment and energy 9 Science and technology 5 Agriculture and fisheries CONTENT FORMAT Press releases: Eurostat publishes around 1 press releases every year in connection with the release of new data. The press releases include the key figures on the EU, the Member States and their partners. They are provided free of charge. They are also available on the Internet as soon as they are published: Paper HTML PDF Statistics in focus: This collection is published regularly by Eurostat and provides up-to-date summaries of the main results of statistical surveys, studies and analyses. It covers all themes and consists of about four to eight pages per issue. Eurostat issues around 15 Statistics in focus per year. Available as single copies or on subscription. Ilil O Paper PDF Pocketbooks: This collection provides the main indicators on a theme or sub-theme in an easy-to-carry booklet of up to 1 pages. Available as single copies or on subscription. yy Paper HTML Panorama of the European Union: This collection highlights the features and trends of a multi-sectoral theme or a sectoral sub-theme. The publications consist of around 2 pages and include analyses as well as tables and graphs. Available as single copies or on subscription. ÜÜ Paper CD-ROM Methods and nomenclatures: intended for specialists who want to consult the methodologies and nomenclatures used for a theme, a sub-theme or a sector. Available as single copies. Paper CD-ROM Detailed tables are intended for specialists. They present part, or all, of the statistical data compiled on a theme, sub-theme or sector. Available as single copies or on subscription. Ilil m Paper CD-ROM Catalogues provide rapid access to concise information on Eurostat's products and services. They are free of charge and include the mini-guide, a selection of Eurostat products and services, and Statistical references, the quarterly newsletter on Eurostat's latest products and services. Ü Paper

3 i«ü! β O European socia statistics Social protection Expenditure and receipts Data -21 yjpie3 W Population EUROPEAN I L_ _J «If'UEßnd social COMMISSION eurostat m M Mi conditions

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5 EUROSTAT L-292 Luxembourg Tel. (352) Telex COMEUR LU 3423 Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Communities. Its task is to provide the European Union with statistics, at a European level, that allow comparisons to be made between countries and regions. Eurostat consolidates and harmonises the data collected by the Member States. To ensure that the vast quantity of accessible data is made widely available and to help each user make proper use of the information. Eurostat has set up a publications and services programme. This programme makes a clear distinction between general and specialist users and particular collections have been developed for these different groups. The collections Press releases, Statistics in focus, Panorama of the European Union, Pocketbooks and Catalogues ate aimed at general users. They give immediate key information through analyses, tables, graphs and maps. The collections Methods and nomenclatures and Detailed tables suit the needs of the specialist who is prepared to spend more time analysing and using very detailed information and tables. All Eurostat products are disseminated through the Data Shop network or the sales agents of the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Data Shops are available in 13 of the 15 Member States as well as in Switzerland, Norway and the United States. They provide a wide range of services from simple database extracts to tailor-made investigations. The information is provided on paper and/or in electronic form via , on diskette or on CD-ROM. As part of the new programme, Eurostat has developed its web site. It includes a broad range of online information on Eurostat products and services, newsletters, catalogues, online publications and indicators on the euro zone. Eurostat

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7 Wh Contents A. Introduction 5 Β. Expenditure 11 C. Social benefits by function 51 D. Receipts 83 E. Economic and demographic indicators 131 F.Annexe 137

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9 A. Introduction L1E2

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11 1. Preamble This Eurostat publication comes with a CD-ROM for easier data access. The two media, paper and electronic, are parallel. Because of a lack of space, however, only the tables considered to be the most important appear in the paper version. The national detailed tables on social benefits are on the CD-ROM only. The tables are compiled from data supplied by the national statistical offices or the ministries in charge of social protection statistics The data available from 21 are shown in this publication. Data for Hungary and Malta are available for the first time in this publication. These data may be revised in the future. More detailed statistics can be found in the ESSPROS domain of Eurostat's New Cronos database, which contains, for example, chronological data since 198. Eurostat wishes to thank the national statistical offices and ministries, without whose collaboration this project would not have been possible. 2. New methodology ("ESSPROS ") The data on expenditure and receipts of social protection schemes contained in this publication are drawn up according to the ESSPROS Manual. ESSPROS stands for European System of integrated Social PROtection Statistics, a harmonised system providing a means of analysing and comparing social protection financial flows. Social protection is defined as follows in the ESSPROS Manual : "Social protection encompasses all interventions from public or private bodies intended to relieve households and individuals of the burden of a defined set of risks or needs, provided that there is neither a simultaneous reciprocal nor an individual arrangement involved. The list of risks or needs that may give rise to social protection is fixed by convention as follows: 1) Sickness/Health care 2) Disability 3) Old age 4) Survivors 5) Family/children 6) Unemployment 7) Housing 8) Social exclusion not elsewhere classified. " 3. Expenditure Expenditure of social protection schemes is broken down into social benefits, administration costs, transfers to other schemes and other expenditure. Social benefits consist of transfers, in cash or in kind, by social protection schemes to households or individuals to relieve them of the burden of the eight risks or needs ("social protection functions") listed above. Social benefits are classified: - by function (1. Sickness/Health care, 2. Disability, etc..) - by whether or not they are subject to means-testing (i.e. by whether the beneficiary's income and/or wealth falls below a specified level); - by type: - cash benefits (periodic and lump sum) - benefits in kind - re-routed social contributions. Re-routed social contributions are payments that a social protection scheme makes to another scheme in order to maintain or accrue the rights of its protected people to social protection from the recipient scheme. ΉΒ

12 Ξ Administration costs are the costs charged to the scheme for its management and administration. Transfers to other schemes are unrequited payments made to other social protection schemes. Other expenditure consists of miscellaneous expenditure by social protection schemes such as interest payable by the scheme to banks and other creditors in respect of loans taken up and payment of taxes on income or wealth. 4. Receipts Receipts of social protection schemes comprise social contributions, general government contributions, transfers from other schemes and other receipts. Social contributions are the costs incurred by employers on behalf of their employees or by protected persons to secure entitlement to social benefits. Within social contributions by employers a distinction is made between actual and imputed contributions. Actual contributions include all payments made by employers to social protection schemes. Imputed contributions are the costs incurred by employers from granting social benefits, or from promising social benefits payable in the future, to their employees, former employees and their dependants, without involving an autonomous insurer and without maintaining separate reserves for this purpose in their balance sheets. Social contributions by protected persons are broken down by socio-occupatlonal status: employees, self-employed, pensioners and others. A social protection scheme may also receive a third type of social contribution: re-routed social contributions (see paragraph 2 above). General government contributions relate to the financing of social protection expenditure by central, state, regional or local governments in their role as public authorities rather than as employers. They consist of: - the cost to general government of running public non-contributory schemes; - financial support provided by general government to other resident social protection schemes. The category of General government contributions is broken down into Earmarked taxes and General revenue. Earmarked taxes are the proceeds from taxes and levies which, by law, can be used only to finance social protection. General revenue are general government contributions from sources other than earmarked taxes. Transfers from other schemes are unrequited payments received from other social protection schemes. Other receipts come from a variety of sources, such as interest and dividends. Receipts are also broken down by sector of origin according to the national accounts, i.e. - corporations; - general government (central government, state and local government, social security funds); - households; - non-profit institutions serving households; - rest of the world.

13 5. National values - Treatment of transactions between schemes The national values contained in this publication are the sum of the values of all the individual social protection schemes. Some financial flows of schemes refer to transactions with other social protection schemes. The main transactions between social protection schemes are: - transfers between schemes; - re-routed social contributions. These are recorded in ESSPROS as expenditure of the scheme from which they originate and as receipts of the scheme to which they are paid. In order to obtain national values (i.e. for the overall system of social protection in each country), these transactions need to be consolidated, for both expenditure and receipts. In practice, they are not included in the calculation of aggregate values. 6. Contents of tables Data relate to the 15 Member States of the European Union, Hungary, Iceland, Malta, Norway, Slovenia, Slovak Republic and Switzerland. Totals are calculated for the European Union (EU-15), the euro-zone composed of eleven countries (EUR-11), the euro-zone composed of twelve countries (EUR-12) and the European Economic Area (EEA). EUR-11 includes Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal and Finland. EUR-12 includes the EUR-11 countries plus Greece. EU-15 includes the EUR-12 countries plus Denmark, Sweden and the United Kingdom. EEA includes the EU-15 countries plus Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. No data are available for Liechtenstein. The data relate to the years to 21. Data for social benefits by function are also available for the period on the Eurostat database (New Cronos). Part Β contains expenditure tables. Section B1 contains comparative tables of total expenditure in the different countries. Section B2 contains tables on the structure of expenditure (social benefits, administration costs and other expenditure). Section B3 contains more detailed tables on the structure of benefits by type (means-tested and non-means-tested, cash benefits and benefits in kind, etc.) for each country. Part C contains tables of social benefits broken down by function. Section C1 contains tables on the total of each function. Section C2 contains tables of benefits specific to each function, for each country (in the CD-ROM only). Part D contains tables of receipts. Section D1 contains tables on the structure of receipts by type (social contributions, general government contributions, etc.) Section D2 contains tables on the structure of receipts by sector of origin (corporations, general government etc.). Section D3 contains more detailed tables on the structure of receipts by both type and sector of origin, for each country. Part Ξ contains economic and demographic data used in the calculations in the tables. ΈΆ

14 il 7. Important remarks Social benefits are recorded without any deduction of taxes or other compulsory levies payable on them by beneficiaries. Users of the data are warned that, for some types of analysis, the use of data on gross benefits may give rise to misleading conclusions 1. On the other hand, because of the consolidation of transactions between schemes - in particular the re-routed social contributions - (see paragraph 4 above), social benefits do not include the social contributions which social protection schemes pay on behalf of their beneficiaries. Benefits granted within the framework of social protection can take many forms; however, in this publication (i.e. within the framework of ESSPROS "core system"), they are limited to: - cash payments to protected persons, - reimbursements of expenditure made by protected persons, - goods and services provided directly to protected persons. These are all direct benefits in the sense that they imply a direct rise in the disposable income of beneficiaries. For Spain (for the period -), Sweden (for the year ) and Switzerland figures are still calculated according to the old national accounts methodology ESA79: the rest of countries' figures are calculated according to ESA95. The appropriate GDP has been used in the tables showing figures "as a % of GDP". converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from In the sections B3, C2 and D3 the currency of the euro-zone countries is referred to the EURO currency. For the historical data the EURO currency is obtained by converting the old national currency with the 1999 (2 for Greece) EURO conversion rates. Consequently the data for the period - (-1999 for Greece) is different from that in the sections B1, B2, C1 and D1. Some data are still provisional (abbr. "p"), or estimated (abbr. "*"). These data may be subject to ordinary revisions. Many footnotes have been included in the tables where problems of comparability between figures may persist. Data for the United Kingdom are on a financial year basis and relate to the year from 1 April to 31 March (for example, data for relate to the year from April to March ). United Kingdom data do not Include "Appropriate personal pension schemes". Results for the European Economic Area (EEA) do not include Liechtenstein. Because the implementation of the new methodology (ESSPROS ) may still cause some problems, the data are liable to be revised in future issues of this publication. In the sections -B1, B2, C1 and D1 the currency ECU/EURO is obtained by A module to estimate net social benefits is under going development. 1

15 Wà Β. Expenditure 11

16 Β) EXPENDITURE The decline in social protection expenditure as a percentage of GDP (Figure 1) in EU-15 ended in 21: 27.5 % against 27.3 % in 2, but is still lower by 1.2 percentage points compared with the peak year. Changes in this ratio did not follow a regular pattern over the period -21. Until the ratio showed an appreciable increase, rising to a high for EU-15 in of 28.7 %. This was due both to a slowdown in GDP growth and to an increase in benefits (particularly those related to unemployment). Between and, social protection expenditure as a proportion of GDP levelled off at slightly below the level. This was the result partly of renewed growth in GDP, but also of slower growth in social protection expenditure (particularly in connection with the reduction in unemployment benefits). From onwards, social protection expenditure as a proportion of GDP fell steadily until 2, with an average drop of.3 percentage points per year in EU-15. The decline in expenditure as a percentage of GDP between and 2 was most marked in Finland (- 6.1 percentage points) and in Luxembourg (- 3.8 points). There was also a considerable fall in the Netherlands, Sweden and Ireland. It is worth noting that in Ireland changes in the ratio can to a large extent be explained by the strong growth In GDP in recent years. In 21, social protection expenditure increased slightly relative to GDP, of which it amounted to 27.5 % (against 27.3 % in 2). Almost all countries reported such an increase. Although the drop was fairly general for the period -21, a few countries stand out as having had a rise in this ratio over recent years. There is one group of countries where expenditure was low as a proportion of GDP; this was the case in Greece and Portugal (+ 4.3 and percentage points respectively), while in Switzerland the ratio rose between and 21 despite being already high. The average figure for social protection expenditure as a percentage of GDP in EU- 15 (27.5% in 21) conceals wide disparities from one Member State to another (Figure 2). Sweden (31.3%), France (3%) and Germany (29,8 %) had the highest percentages and Ireland the lowest (14.6 %). Outside EU-15, Slovak Republic (19.1 %) and Switzerland (28.9 %) were at the two ends of the spectrum. In terms of per-capita PPSs (purchasingpower standards), the differences between countries are more pronounced, and the rank order of countries is somewhat different (Figure 3). Within EU-15, Luxembourg had the highest expenditure (1 559 PPS per head of population), followed by Denmark (7 85 PPS per head), with Norway (outside EU-15) somewhere between the two. Greece, Ireland, Spain and Portugal, on the other hand, featured a low level of social redistribution, with less than 4 PPS per head of population. The ratio between the countries that spent most and least within EU-15 in 21 was thus 2.9 (compared with 3.5 in )( 1 ) The disparities between countries are partly related to differing levels of wealth and also reflect differences in social protection systems, demographic trends, unemployment rates and other social, institutional and economic factors. Social benefits made up most of social protection expenditure: 96% in EU-15 in 21). Some countries like, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland devoted a largest part of expenditure to administrative costs (4% or more). If all countries (EU-15 and non-eu-15) are taken into consideration, the ratio between the country that spends most (Luxembourg: PPS) and the country that spends least (Slovakia: PPS) is

17 m Figure 1 Expenditure as % of GDP and rates of change in expenditure and GDP, EU α ä f Æ ^^^^^"A ^^^ S " -'-m- ï> Æ "" /, A, -*"V '4. v.---a-...,..- *>' S "" Vv " * " - " ^^<m -" ^<?~~-m' ~**>^ fc 'f s 4. J 3. õ 2. Ë 1.. Expenditure/GDP *> rate of change in expenditure - - ta- - 'rate of change in GDP Flgure2 Total social protection expenditure as % GDP (21) Figure3 Total social protection expenditure in PPS (21) IE ΞΚ HU ΕΞ I I 1 1! I I I IS LU PT IT SI NO Fl 1 1 '" ι EL IT UK EUR-12 EUR-11 EEA I l i l I I I EUR-11 EU-15 ΕΕΛ BE BE SE FR NL AT CH I I ' 1 DE NL DK DE ι ; SE ;

18 Β 1.1 Total social protection expenditure (as a % of GDP) =4* eurostal 1999p 2* 21* EU p 27.3* 27.5* EUR p 27.2* 27.4* EUR p 27.2* 27.4* BE p 26.8* 27.5* DK DE p EL ES p 2.2 p 2.1p FR p IE p IT p 25.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 27.2* 27.5* CH HU 2.9 p 2.3 p 19.9 p MT 18.1 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 14

19 Total social protection expenditure Β 1.2 (per head of population in ECU/EURO 1 ) p 2* 21* EU ρ 6175* 6 45* EUR p 5 959* 6 216* EUR p 5 859* 6118* BE p 6468* 6 78* DK DE p EL ES p 3 84 p p FR p IE p IT p p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 6 219* 6 455* CH HU 918 p 17 p p MT 1816 SI p SK p ' The cunency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 15

20 Β 1.3 Total social protection expenditure (per head of population in ECU/EURO 1 at constant pnce) A*r 1999p 2* 21* EU p 5681* 5 762* EUR p 5 54* 5 69* EUR p 5 396* 554* BE p 5 976* 6115* DK DE p EL ES p p p FR p IE p IT p 4 671p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 5716* 5 88* CH HU 5 p 498 p 512 p MT SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland fígures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 16

21 Total social protection expenditure Β 1.4 (per head of population in PPS) =7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 6175* 6 45* EUR p 5 959* 6 216* EUR p 5 859* 6118* BE p 6 469* 6 888* DK DE p EL ES p 3 72 p p FR p IE p IT p 6186 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 6 219* 6 455* CH HU 2 1p 218 p p MT SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section B3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. Purchasing Power Standard specific to households consumption (see table E.5). 17

22 ãáa Classification of expenditure by type. 1 Social benefits 1 2 Administration costs 3 Transferts to other schemes 1 * 2 4 Other expenditure f /n order to obtain national values, transactions between schemes are consolidated. As a consequence the values for "transfers between schemes" and "re-routed social contributions between schemes" are not included in the calculation of aggregate values. 2 Not available in this publication. 18

23 Social protection expenditure by type (21,EU-15) Social benefits Administration costs Other expenditure in millions ECU/EURO and as % of total expenditure ΈΖΔ 21 Π Social benefits 96% H Administration costs 3% Other expenditure 19

24 B2 Total social protection expenditure (million ECU/EURO 1 ) 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR ρ * * EUR p * * BE ρ * * DK DE p EL ES p p p FR p IE ρ IT ρ p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK ρ IS NO EEA ρ * * CH HU 9 41p p 1155 p MT 71 SI p SK p 1 The cunency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. Total expenditure consist of social benefits, administration costs and other expenditure. 2

25 Social benefits Β 2.1 (million ECU/EURO 1 ) "Tf 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR p * * EUR ρ * * BE ρ * * DK DE ρ EL ES p 12 2 ρ ρ FR p IE ρ IT ρ ρ LU p NL p AT PT ρ Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 9165 p 1 32 p p MT 692 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 21

26 Β 2.2 Administration costs (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~ T r 1999p 2* 21* EU Í ρ 75 49* 8159* EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * 6441* BE 153E p 2 364* 2 541* DK DE ρ EL ES p p 2 831p FR 1215C p IE p IT p 9 27 p LU p NL p AT 72S PT p Fl SE 9E p UK p IS NO EEA 56 3S ρ * * CH HU 236 p 246 p 268 p MT 8 SI p SK p ' The currency I z.cu/euro s obtained by c inverting the national curre ncy applying \he ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 22

27 Other expenditure Β 2.3 (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR p * 16 85* EUR ρ * * BE p 1455* 1572* DK DE p EL ES p 417 p 279 p FR p IE p IT p p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p * * CH HU p p p MT SI p SK p 1 The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section S3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 23

28 Ξ Classification of expenditure by type and general classification of social benefits. 1 Social benefits Non means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Re-routed social contributions between schemes Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lumpsum Benefits in kind Re-routed social contributions between schemes 1 ' 2 2 Administration cots 3 Transfers to other schemes 1 ' 2 4 Other expenditure 1 Not available in this publication. 2 In order to obtain national values, transactions between schemes are consolidated. As a consequence the values for "transfers between schemes" and "re-routed social contributions between schemes" are not included in the calculation of aggregate values. 24

29 European Union (EU-15) Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million ECU/EURO 1 ) - T r 1999p 2* 21* Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national cunency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from EU-15 = Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables Β 3 by country.

30 Euro-zone (EUR-11) Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -If 1999p 2* 21* Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure EUR-11 = Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables Β 3 by country.

31 Euro-zone (EUR-12) Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -Tf 1999p 2* 21* ->l Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure EUR-12 = Belgium, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables Β 3 by country.

32 Belgium Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) - T f 1999p 2* 21* Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits ro Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

33 Denmark Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) -Tf Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind CD Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

34 Germany Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) = ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic ω o Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits In kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

35 Greece Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -Tr Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum ω Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs 1 Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. 1 Including benefits in kind which should be recorded under the old age and unemployment function untili.

36 Spain Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -Tf 1999p 2p 21 ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. As from figures are calculated according to the new national accounts methodology ESA95; for the previous years they are still calculated according to ESA 7

37 France Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) ~ T r ρ CO CO Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

38 Ireland Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -7? ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits CO Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2.

39 Italy Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) A>r p 21 ρ CO en Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

40 Luxembourg Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) m p co Oí Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

41 The Netherlands Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) -T f ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits CO Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2.

42 Austria Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) = r CO CO Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits In kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

43 Portugal Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) ~ T r ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum co CD Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. 1 Including transfers to institutions dealing with vocational training (IEFP and others) and for which the detailed information following the ESSPROS classification is not available.

44 Finland Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) =μ/ ΐ- Ο Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits In kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

45 Sweden Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) -Tc ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. As from figures are calculated according to the new national accounts methodology ESA95

46 United Kingdom Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) 4/" ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits ro Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2.

47 Iceland Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) -T r Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits CO Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

48 Norway Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure WA (millions of national currency) p Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments In tables of section C2.

49 European Economic Area (EEA) Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (million EURO) 1999p 2* 21* Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits t* en Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure EEA = Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein. No data are available for Liechtenstein. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables S 3.

50 Switzerland Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) 14/i Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits en Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2.

51 Hungary ^1 Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure -? Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure (millions of national currency) 1999p 2p 21 ρ Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

52 Malta Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (thousand of national currency) Wh Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs 1 Other expenditure * Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. 1 Partial estimation

53 Slovenia Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) -Tf ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits fe. CD Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2.

54 Slovak Republic Β 3 Detailed breakdown of social protection expenditure (millions of national currency) = 1? ρ Social protection expenditures Social benefits Non Means-tested Cash benefits Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Means-tested Cash benefits en o Periodic Lump sum Benefits in kind Administration costs Other expenditure ' In 2 and 21 lump sum payments (2:3 54 million SKK, 21:3358 million SKK) were provided for refund a debt of the hospitals and other health facilities.

55 C. Social benefits by function 51

56

57 C) BENEFITS BY FUNCTIONS In 21, benefits linked to the old age and survivors functions made up the largest part of social protection expenditure in most Member States, accounting for 46.1 % of total benefits in EU-15 as a whole, or 12.2 % of GDP (Figure 1). This was particularly true for Italy 1, where more than 6 % of total benefits were devoted to these functions (Figure 1). A contributory factor here was the high percentage of the population aged 6 or over (24 % against an average of 21.5 % in EU-15). In Greece, Austria and the United Kingdom these benefits also accounted for more than the European average (almost 5 % of the total). In Ireland 2, on the other hand, less than 3 % of benefits came under the "old-age" and "survivors" headings. This is partly due to the fact that the population of Ireland is the "youngest" in Europe: 3.1 % of the population was aged under 2 in 21 (against an EU-15 average of 23,1 %) and only 15 % were over 6. The sickness/health care function accounted for more than 28 % of all benefits. It outweighed the old age and survivors functions in Ireland and, outside EU-15, in Iceland and Norway. In contrast, Denmark devoted only 2 % of total benefits to this function. Benefits relating to the disability function accounted for around 14% of the total in Finland and Luxembourg 3 against an average of 8. % in EU-15. The share that this expenditure represents is also high in Denmark and Sweden, where more than 3 % of the benefits relating to disability are benefits in kind provided by universal schemes. Outside EU-15, Norway is the country that spends most on the disability function (16.5% of total social benefits). In Italy, Ireland and Greece, on the other hand, this portion is less than 6 %. The family/children function accounts for 8. % of all benefits in EU-15. Expenditure amounted to at least 13% of total benefits in Luxembourg and Denmark, and the same goes for Norway. In Spain, Italy and the Netherlands, on the other hand, benefits related to this function amounted to less than 5 % of total social benefits. ~m Major disparities between Member States are found with regard to the importance of benefits relating to unemployment: while the average for EU-15 was 6.2% of total benefits, the share in the total amounted to nearly 13% for Spain. Conversely, Italy, Luxembourg, the United Kingdom, Iceland and Norway devoted less than 3 % of expenditure to this function. It is worth noting that the spending on of unemployment benefits does not always correlate with the level of unemployment in the various countries, as there are substantial differences in coverage, the duration of benefits and the level of unemployment benefit. The structure of benefits is relatively stable over time, of though for EU-15 as a whole a number of changes can be Identified between and 21. Over this period the shares of the "old age/survivor" and "family functions each grew slightly, while the share accounted for by unemploymentrelated benefits dropped by more than one third, from 9,6 % of total benefits to 6.2 %. At the same time the share of expenditure on sickness remained steady, but after a decrease until it grew by nearly 8 %. In Italy these functions also include severance pay (TFR - trattamento di fine rapporto), which belongs partly to the unemployment function. These benefits represent some 6 % of total social benefits 2 For Ireland, no data are available regarding occupational pension schemes for private-sector employees with constituted reserves 3 In Luxembourg a new branch of insurance - "care insurance"- was introduced from 1999 onwards. The related benefits represent about 3% of total social benefits. According to the ESSPROS Manual, most of these benefits should be recorded under to the old age function. 53

58 =Ξ The functions of social protection Function Brief description 1. Sickness/Health care Income maintenance and support in cash in connection with physical or mental illness, excluding disability. Health care ended to maintain, restore or improve the health of the people protected irrespective of the origin of the disorder. 2. Disability 3. Old age Income maintenance and support in cash or in kind (except health care) in connection with the inability of physically or mentally disabled people to engage in economic and social activities. Income maintenance and support in cash or in kind (except health care) in connection with old age. 4. Survivors Income maintenance and support in cash or in kind in connection with the death of a family member. 5. Family/children Support in cash or kind (except health care) In connection with the costs of pregnancy, childbirth and adoption, bringing up children and caring for other family members. 6. Unemployment Income maintenance and support In cash or in kind in connection with unemployment. 7. Housing Help towards the cost of housing. 8. Social exclusion not elsewhere classified Benefits in cash or kind (except health care) specifically intended to combat social exclusion where they are not covered by one of the other functions. 54

59 Social benefits by function (21) Unemployment Old age / Survivors Family - children Sickness - health care / Disability Wà (as a % of total benefits) Housing / Social exclusion n. e. c. en οι IS 52.1 NO IE PT NL SE I SK- Sl LU Fl CH HU ES UK DE EEA - EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 - FR BE AT DK IT EL ( "] 51. ^ ^42. I ~ ^38.2 ^ 37.7 " ] S ^ 36.5 ~]36.5 ^ ] _] 34.1 ^32.8 Π 32.8 ~\ 31.9 ^] IT ^ 62.3 CH EL AT UK EUR-12 EUR-11 EU-15 PT EEA SI ES FR BE HU DE NL 517 "Ί _]46.5 _] 46.5 ^46.4 J46. ^45.8 ^45.7 ^45.5 ^45.3 _] 43.7 ^43.7 _] J 41.8 SK ^ 39.7 LU 39.4 SE ^ 39.1 DK Fl IS _J 38. _J 36.6 _] 3.6 NO 3.5 IE 24.8 ) LU OK IS" HU NO IE Fl AT DE SE 1 ^9.6 FR SI BE SK 1 EEA EUR-11 EUR-12 EU-15 EL UK PT CH NL IT ES ^ 16.8 ~j 13.3 Π 13. ^ 12.9 Π 12.8 ~] 12.5 Π 12.1 ^ 1.6 ^ 1.4 "] 9.5 ~] 8.9 ^8.9» ^ 8. " ] 5 6 ] 51 ]4.4 :< ]3 ( ES "^ BE ^2 117 DK 1. Fl 9.8 IE ^2 8 3 DE FR EUR-11 Π 6.9 EUR-12 "] 6.9 EU-15 ] 6.2 EEA 2 6 ' 1 EL 2 6 SE ] 5.6 NL ] 5. AT ] 5. SI ] 3.7 PT ] 3.6 SK ] 3 HU ]3.4 UK ] 2.9 NO ] 2.6 LU ] 2.5 CH ] 2.4 IT 2 IS 1 C SK 2 7Λ NL UK DK ] 6. IE ] 5.8 EL ] 5.1 FR ] 4.4 SE ]4.3 EU-15 ] 3.6 EEA ] 3.5 HU ] 3.5 Fl ] 3.3 NO ] 3.1 CH ] 3.1 IS ] 2.9 EUR-12 ] 2.8 EUR-11 ]2.8 DE ]2.5 AT ] 2.1 SI 1.8 ES 1.7 LU 1.6 BE I 1.6 PT I 1.3 IT.3 C EU EU EU EU EU =1

60 C 1.1 Total social benefits (million ECU/EURO 1 ) -IL 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR p * * EUR ρ * * BE ρ * 65633* DK DE ρ EL ES p 12 2 p ρ FR ρ IE p IT ρ ρ LU p NL p AT PT ρ Fl SE p UK ρ IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 9165 p 1 32 p p MT 692 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 56

61 Social benefits for the function : Sickness / Health care C (million ECU/EURO 1 ) -Έ. 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * * EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * * BE ρ 15137* 16426* DK DE p EL ES p ρ ρ FR p IE p IT p ρ LU p NL ρ AT PT p Fl SE ρ UK p IS NO EEA ρ * * CH HU 2511p p 3 95 p MT 175 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA 79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 57

62 C Social benefits for the function : Disability (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR ρ * * EUR p * * BE p 5 782* 5 929* DK DE p EL ES p p p FR ρ IE p IT p 1719 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE : p UK ρ IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 875 p 936 p 1139 p MT 44 SI p SK p 1 The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 58

63 Social benefits for the function : Old age C (million ECU/EURO 1 ) -7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * * EUR ρ * * EUR p * * BE p * * DK DE ρ EL ES p p ρ FR p IE p IT ρ p LU p NL ρ AT PT p Fl SE ρ UK p IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 3 641p p 4 62 p MT 284 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 59

64 C Social benefits for the function : Survivors (million ECU/EURO 1 ) 1999p 2* 21* EU p 19 66* * EUR p 891* * EUR p 9142* * BE p 6 661* 6 719* DK DE p EL ES p p p FR p IE p IT ρ ρ LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA ρ 1119* * CH HU 139 p 147 p 168 p MT 76 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 6

65 Social benefits for the function : Family / Children C (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU p 18218* * EUR p * * EUR p * * BE p 5 599* 5 861* DK DE p EL ES p 3 59 p 3 28 p FR ρ IE p IT ρ p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK ρ IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 125 p 1375 p 1447 p MT 54 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 61

66 C Social benefits for the function : Unemployment (million ECU/EURO 1 ) 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * * EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * * BE p 7 3* 7 663* DK DE ρ EL ES p p 16516p FR ρ IE p IT p p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 437 p 5 p 38 p MT 43 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 62

67 Social benefits for the function : Housing C (million ECU/EURO 1 ) -7L 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * * BE DK DE p EL ES p 139 p 1158 p FR p IE p IT p 181p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK ρ IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 278 p 283 p 279 p MT 8 SI SK 13 16p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 63

68 C (million ECU/EURO 1 ) Social benefits for the function : Social exclusion not elsewhere classified -1L 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR ρ * 27 6 * EUR p 27 2 * * BE p 983* 145* DK DE p EL ES p 949 p 978 p FR p IE p IT p 586 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA ρ * 36185* CH HU 8 p 92 p 19 p MT : 1 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 64

69 Social benefits for the function : Sickness / Health care C (asa % of tota benefits) =tø eurostal 1999p 2* 21* EU p 27.3* 28.2* EUR p 27.9* 28.4* EUR p 27.9* 28.4* BE p 24.2* 25.* DK DE p EL ES p 29.7 p 3. p FR p IE p IT p 26.1p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 27.4* 28.3* CH HU 27.4 p 27.4 p 27.5 p MT 25.3 SI p SK p Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 65

70 C Social benefits for the function : Disability (as a % of total benefits) 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 8.1* 8.* EUR ρ 7.6* 7.4* EUR p 7.5* 7.4* BE p 9.3* 9.* DK DE p EL ES p 7.8 p 7.6 p FR p IE p IT p 5.7 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 8.3* 8.2* CH HU 9.5 p 9.3 p 1.1p MT 6.3 SI p SK p Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 66

71 Social benefits for the function : Old age C (asa % of tota benefits) -Tf 1999p 2* 21* EU p 41.7* 41.3* EUR p 41.2* 41.1* EUR p 41.3* 41.2* BE p 33.6* 33.5* DK DE p EL ES p 42.9 p 42.4 p FR p IE p IT p 51.7 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 41.4* 41.* CH HU 39.7 p 39.4 p 41.1p MT 41. SI : p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 67

72 C Social benefits for the function : Survivors (as a % of total benefits) =Mr 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 4.9* 4.8* EUR ρ 5.3* 5.2* EUR p 5.3* 5.2* BE p 1.7* 1.2* DK DE p EL ES p 3.3 p 2.9 p FR p IE p IT p 1.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE 4. : p UK p IS NO EEA p 4.8* 4.7* CH HU 1.5 p 1.5 p 1.5 p MT 1.9 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 68

73 Social benefits for the function : Family / Children C (asa % of tota 1999p 2* benefits) 21* EU p 8.1* 8.* EUR p 8.2* 8.1* EUR p 8.2* 8.1* BE p 9.* 8.9* DK DE p EL ES p 2.5 p 2.6 p FR p IE p IT p 4. p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 8.2* 8.1* CH HU 13.2 p 13.7 p 12.9 p MT 7.8 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 69

74 C Social benefits for the function : Unemployment (as a % of total benefits) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 6.3* 6.2* EUR ρ 7.* 6.9* EUR p 7.* 6.9* BE p 11.7* 11.7* DK DE p EL ES p 12.1p 12.9 p FR p IE p IT p 1.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 6.3* 6.1* CH HU 4.8 p 5. p 3.4 p MT 6.2 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section 2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 7

75 Social benefits for the function : Housing C fasa % of tota benefits) -"7? 1999p 2* 21* EU p 2.1* 2.1* EUR p 1.2* 1.2* EUR p 1.2* 1.2* BE DK DE p EL ES p.9 p.9 p FR p IE p IT p.1p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 2.1* 2.* CH HU 3. p 2.8 p 2.5 p MT 1.1 SI SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 71

76 C (as a % of total benefits) Social benefits for the function : Social exclusion not elsewhere classified 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 1.5* 1.5* EUR ρ 1.6* 1.6* EUR p 1.6* 1.6* BE p 1.6* 1.6* DK DE p EL ES p.8 p.8 p FR p IE p IT p.2 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 1.5* 1.5* CH HU.9 p.9 p 1. p MT 1.4 SI p SK p Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 72

77 Total social benefits C 1.3 (as a % of GDP) 1999p 2* 21* EU * ρ 26.2* 26.4* EUR ρ 26.* 26.2* EUR p 26.* 26.2* BE p 25.2* 25.9* DK DE p EL ES p 19.7 p 19.6 p FR p IE p IT p 24.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 26.2* 26.3* CH HU 2.3 p 19.8 p 19.4 p MT 17.9 SI p SK p Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 73

78 C Social benefits for the function : Sickness / Health care (as a % of GDP) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU * ρ 7.2* 7.4* EUR ρ 7.3* 7.4* EUR p 7.3* 7.4* BE p 6.1* 6.5* DK DE p EL ES p 5.8 p 5.9 p FR p IE p IT p 6.4 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 7.2* 7.5* CH HU 5.6 p 5.4 p 5.3 p MT 4.5 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 74

79 Social benefits for the function : Disability C (as a % of GDP) -Tr eurostal 1999p 2* 21* EU * ρ 2.1* 2.1* EUR p 2.* 1.9* EUR p 2.* 1.9* BE p 2.3* 2.3* DK DE p EL ES p 1.5p 1.5 p FR p IE p IT p 1.4 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 2.2* 2.2* CH HU MT 1.9 p 1.8 p p : SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 75

80 C Social benefits for the function : Old age (as a % of GDP) Jf eurostal 1999p 2* 21* EU * ρ 1.9* 1.9* EUR ρ 1.7* 1.8* EUR p 1.8* 1.8* BE p 8.5* 8.7* DK DE p EL ES p 8.5 p 8.3 p FR p IE p IT p 12.7 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 1.9* 1.8* CH HU 8.1p 7.8 p 8. p MT 7.3 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 76

81 Social benefits for the function : Survivors C (as a % of GDP) -7L 1999p 2* 21* EU * ρ 1.3* 1.3* EUR ρ 1.4* 1.4* EUR p 1.4* 1.4* BE p 2.7* 2.6* DK DE p EL ES p.6 p.6 p FR p IE p IT p 2.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO :3.3.3 EEA p 1.3* 1.2* CH HU.3 p.3 p.3 p MT 2. SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 77

82 C Social benefits for the function : Family / Children (as a % of GDP) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 2.* ρ 2.1* 2.1* EUR ρ 2.1* 2.1* EUR p 2.1* 2.1* BE p 2.3* 2.3* DK DE p EL ES p.5 p.5 p FR p IE p IT p 1. p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 2.1* 2.1* CH HU 2.7 p 2.7 p 2.5 p MT : 1.4 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 78

83 Social benefits for the function : Unemployment C (as a % of GDP) = f eurostal 1999p 2* 21* EU * p 1.7* 1.6* EUR ρ 1.8* 1.8* EUR ρ 1.8* 1.8* BE p 2.9* 3.* DK DE p EL ES p 2.4 p 2.5 p FR p IE p IT p.4 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 1.6* 1.6* CH HU 1. p 1. p.7 p MT 1.1 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 79

84 C Social benefits for the function : Housing (as a % of GDP) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU-15.5* ρ.6*.5* EUR ρ.3*.3* EUR p.3*.3* BE DK DE p EL ES p.2 p.2 p FR p IE p IT p. p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p.5*.5* CH HU.6 p.6 p.5 p MT.2 SI SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section 2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 8

85 -Έ Social benefits for the function : Social exclusion not elsewhere classified 1999p C (as a % of GDP) 2* 21* EU-15.4* ρ.4*.4* EUR ρ.4*.4* EUR p.4*.4* BE p.4*.4* DK DE p EL ES p.2 p.2 p FR p IE p IT p. p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p.4*.4* CH HU.2 p.2 p.2 p MT.3 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section C2. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 81

86

87 =Ξ D. Receipts 83

88 53 D) RECEIPTS In 21, the main sources of financing for social protection at EU-15 level were social contributions, representing 6.5 % of all receipts, and general government contributions derived from taxes (36 %). Social contributions can be broken down Into contributions paid by protected persons (employees, self-employed persons, retired persons and others) and employers' contributions (Figure 1). The European average hides substantial differences between countries In the structure of social protection funding. The share of funding derived from social contributions Is highest in Belgium, Greece, Spain, France, the Netherlands and Germany, where this mode of financing accounts for over 65 % of all receipts. This Is also true of Hungary, Slovenia, Slovak Republik and Switzerland. Conversely, Denmark and Ireland (and also Norway) finance their social protection systems largely from taxes, whose relative weight in total receipts Is over 58 %. The United Kingdom, Luxembourg and Sweden (together with Iceland) also rely heavily on general government contributions. The share accounted for by employers' social contributions fell In EU-15 by.7 percentage points between and 21. It diminished in more than half of the countries, with the exception of the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Ireland, Finland and Denmark, though Denmark was still the country with the lowest figure. There were particularly large reductions In Italy, Luxembourg and Germany. The share accounted for by social contributions paid by protected persons also diminished between and 21, from 23.5 % to 21.7 % for EU-15. While this was a fairly widespread phenomenon, in Denmark the weight of these contributions rose by over 16 percentage points. This was because in a new contribution, known as the "labour market contribution", was introduced in order to finance sickness insurance unemployment and vocational training. This divergence Is the result of history and the Institutional rationale behind social protection systems. As financing from taxes gains ground in countries where it used to be less Important, the gaps are gradually narrowing. Thus, overall between and 21 the share of general government contributions in total receipts in EU-15 rose by 3.1 percentage points. While In France and Italy general government contributions increased by more than the European average, In Denmark and the Netherlands their share In total receipts fell substantially as a result of increases In social contributions. There was also a significant drop In Iceland, for the same reasons. 84

89 Social protection receipts by type 21 Employers' social contributions Social contributions by the protected persons General government contributions Other receipts 7Δ (as a % of total receipts) Employers social contributions ES BE - SK- HU - FR ~]51.4 ~] I 45.9 SI NL CH DE AT ~ _\ 35.3 " Π DK NO IE UK LU ^48.2 "Π ~] 61.2 ~ CH ' 16.9 NL EL ^2 1-2 HU ~] 8.6 IS ^8.5 Actual employers social contributions Imputed employers social contributions SE IT EUR-11 EUR-12 EU-15 Fl ~ LU EL BE EUR-12 EUR-11 EU-15 ^24.4 ~] 23.5 ^23. ^22.8 ^22.8 ]21.7 IS SE Fl IT - PT EEA ^45.5 ^45.1 Π 42.8 ~] 41.1 ~] 37.8 ~j 36.5 PT ^ 7.8 DK 2 7 Fl 3 69 SK 2 6Λ LU ]4.9 ES ] 4.1 Social contributions paid by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons αϊ EEA EL IS AT ~ 38.5 H 385 J 38. "~ EEA DK FR UK J 21.6 ^ 21.1 ^ EU-15 AT SI DE ^34.1 ^ 32.6 Π 32.6 EUR-12 ] 3.8 EUR-11 ] 3.6 EU-15 ] 3.4 EEA ] 3.4 Pensioners and other persons General government contributions DE PT _ SK PT HU EUR-11 ^32.2 Π 32.1 FR ] 2.8 BE ] 2.6 Earmarked taxes NL UK "] 31.6 ~ 3.5 ES IT ^ EUR-12 FR ^ 32. ~] 3.4 IE ]2.3 SE ] 2.3 General revenue CH SI 29.8 I 26.5 IE NO ^ SK EL ^28.3 ^27.8 DE ] 2.2 IT [ 1.8 Other expenditure IE - LU ^ NO 24.4 DK "Π 9.3 ( HU Fl SE IS ( ~\ 13.1 ^J 11.6 ^J ES BE CH NL 1 ^26.7 ^ 23. I UK 1.7 SI 1.5 AT 1 NO 1.1 C Property income Other EU EU EU EU =1

90 DO Total social protection receipts (million ECU/EURO 1 ) =Vr 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * * EUR p * * EUR ρ * * BE p * * DK DE ρ EL ES p p ρ FR ρ IE ρ IT ρ p LU p NL p AT PT ρ Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p * * CH HU 9143 p p 1187 p MT 71 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 86

91 \= A EU-15 Social protection receipts for the type : Employers' social D contributions p p (million ECU/EURO 1 ) 2* * 21* * EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * * BE ρ * * DK DE p EL ES p p p FR p IE p IT p p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE ρ UK p IS NO EEA ρ * * CH HU 4 421p 5 64 p 5479 p MT 315 SI p SK p 1 The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 87

92 D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) Social protection receipts for the type : Social contributions by the protected persons ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * * EUR ρ * * EUR p * * BE p * 1819* DK DE p EL ES ρ ρ ρ FR p IE p IT ρ ρ LU p NL ρ AT PT p Fl SE p UK ρ IS NO EEA ρ * * CH HU 1215 p 132 p 1551p MT 15 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 88

93 Social protection receipts for the type : General government contributions D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ * 917 3* EUR ρ * * EUR ρ * * BE ρ * * DK DE ρ EL ES ρ ρ ρ FR p IE ρ IT p ρ LU ρ NL p AT PT p Fl SE ρ UK p IS NO EEA ρ * * CH HU ρ 3 93 p p MT 215 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 89

94 D Social protection receipts for the type : Other receipts (million ECU/EURO 1 ) =4A 1999p 2* 21* EU p * * EUR ρ 69158* * EUR p * * BE p 1773* 2 72* DK DE ρ EL ES p p p FR p IE p IT p p LU p NL ρ AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS 23 NO EEA ρ * * CH HU 673 p 883 p 117 p MT 21 SI p SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 9

95 -n Social protection receipts for the type : Employers' social D contributions 1999p (as a % of total receipts) 2* 21* EU ρ 38.5* 38.8* EUR ρ 41.3* 41.4* EUR p 41.3* 41.4* BE p 51.4* 51.4* DK DE p EL ES p 52.5 p 52.9 p FR p IE p IT p 42.4 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 38.2* 38.5* CH HU 48.4 p 49. p 46.2 p MT 45. SI p SK p For some of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 91

96 D (as a % of total receipts) =Vr Social protection receipts for the type : Social contributions by the protected persons 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 22.5* 21.7* EUR ρ 23.1* 22.8* EUR p 23.1* 22.8* BE p 22.9* 23.* DK DE p EL ES p 16.4 p 16.3 p FR p IE p IT p 14.6 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 22.3* 21.6* CH HU 13.3 p 12.6 p 13.1p MT 21.4 SI p SK p For some of these values there maybe relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 92

97 =Vs Social protection receipts for the type : General government contributions 1999p D (as a % of total receipts) 2* 21* EU ρ 35.6* 36.* EUR ρ 31.8* 32.1* EUR p 31.8* 32.* BE p 23.4* 23.* DK DE p EL ES p 27.1p 26.7 p FR p IE p IT p 41.1p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 36.* 36.5* CH HU 31. p 29.9 p 32.2 p MT 3.7 SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 93

98 D Social protection receipts for the type : Other receipts (as a % of total receipts) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* EU ρ 3.5* 3.4* EUR p 3.7* 3.6* EUR p 3.9* 3.8* BE p 2.3* 2.6* DK DE p EL ES p 4. p 4.1p FR p IE p IT p 1.8 p LU p NL p AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA p 3.4* 3.4* CH HU 7.4 p 8.5 p 8.6 p MT 3. SI p SK p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 94

99 Social protection receipts for the sector of origin Corporations D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) -Έ 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK p * * p p p p p p p p p : : p : : p p IS 21C NO EEA CH HU ρ 3 96 ρ 4 43 ρ MT 99 : SI SK 9ie C p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 95

100 D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) =Vs EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 Social protection receipts for the sector of origin General government 1999p 2* 21* BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK p 24999* 25483* p p p p p p p p p : : : p : ρ ' p IS 78C NO EEA CH HU 4128 p 4 69 p 5 36 p MT 435 SI SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 96

101 -Έ. Social protection receipts for the sector of origin Households D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK p 18 81* * p p p p p p p p p : p : : p p C ρ ρ ρ C E 93E p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 97

102 D (million ECU/EURO 1 ) Social protection receipts for the sector of origin : Nonprofit institutions serving households Z\7L 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK Ρ p * p p 9 ; * p p 1 1 p 32 p 14 p 6p 538 p p p p 12 p 135 p : : p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 98

103 EU-15 Social protection receipts for the sector of origin : Rest of D the world (million ECU/EURO 1 ) Ή 1999p 2* 21' EUR-11 EUR-12 BE ρ 45* 14* DK DE p EL ES p 1268 p p FR p IE p IT Op p LU p NL AT PT p Fl SE UK p IS NO EEA CH HU Op p p MT : : SI SK p ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 99

104 D l'as a % of total Social protection receipts for the sector of origin Corporations receipts) \m 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE ρ 43.9* 44.1* DK DE p EL ES p 42.7 p 43.5 p FR p IE p IT p 29.1p LU p NL : AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK 38.7 p ρ 37.3 ρ 14.1 : ρ For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 1

105 \m Social protection receipts for the sector of origin General government D (as a % of total receipts) 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE ρ 32.5* 32.2* DK DE p EL ES p 39. p 38.4 p FR p IE p IT p 53.6 p LU p NL AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK 45.1p ρ 45.2 ρ 62. : p For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzertand figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 11

106 D Social protection receipts for the sector of origin Households (as a%of total receipts) ~m 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE ρ 23.5* 23.6* DK DE p EL ES p 17.3 p 17.2 p FR p IE p IT p 16.9 p LU p NL AT PT p Fl SE p UK p IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK p p 16.4 p 23.9 : ρ For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA 79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 12

107 \m EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI Social protection receipts for the sector of origin : Nonprofit institutions serving households D (as a % of total receipts) 1999p 2* 21* SK For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA ρ p p.5.* ρ p p..8.* p.8. p.2 p.2 p.3 p.1p. 1.9 p.3.8 p 1.4 p 1.1p.7 p 13

108 D (as a % of total receipts) Social protection receipts for the sector of origin : Rest of the world =E2 1999p 2* 21* EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE ρ.1*.1* DK DE p EL ES p.9 p.8 p FR p IE p IT p. p LU p NL : AT PT p Fl SE UK p IS NO EEA CH HU MT. ρ. ρ. ρ. : SI SK ρ For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3. For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for ) and Switzerland figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated by using the GDP according to ESA95. 14

109 European Union (EU-15) D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million ECU/EURO 1 ) m 1999p 2* 21' o en TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from EU-15 = Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3.

110 Euro-zone (EUR-11) D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million ECU/EURO 1 ) m 1999p 2* 21* o σι TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national cunency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from EUR-11 = Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3.

111 Euro-zone (EUR-12) D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million ECU/EURO 1 ) p 2* 21* TOTAL RECEIPTS o -J Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from EUR-12 = Belgium, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland. For some of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3.

112 Belgium D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -Tf 1999p 2* 21* TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type o Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes 1 General revenue Other receipts 2 Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' See footnote number 2. 2 Including some earmarked taxes for the period -.

113 Denmark D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -τ Γ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees 1, Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions o CD Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts 3 Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' Including labour market contributions as from ( millions DKK in, millions DKK in, 37 5 millions DDK in ; millions DKK in : millions DKK in ; millions DKK in 1999; millions DKK in 2 and millions DKK in 21). 2 Labour market contributions paid by self-employed are included in "employees". 3 Including capital gains and losses in supplementary labour market pension funds (ATP) until.

114 Germany D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -~7~r ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

115 Greece D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -Tf TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

116 Spain D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) ~ T f 1999p 2p 21 ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons M General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World As from figures are calculated according to the new national accounts methodology ESA95; for the previous years they are still calculated according to ESA7i 1 Including private pension funds as from.

117 France D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -τ? ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type GO Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons 1 Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes 1 General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit Institutions serving households Rest of the World ' As from and more from some social contributions paid by protected persons are replace by a new earmarket tax (CSG "Contribution sociale généralisée").

118 Ireland D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -Tf ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

119 Italy D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -7? p 21p TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions 1, Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons 2 Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons en General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue 3 Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations 3,4 General government p p 9 35 ρ ρ ρ p Central government p p p State and local government 3 Social security funds ρ 1329 p ρ 1485 p ρ 1736 p Households 3 Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ρ 991p p 121p p 14 p ' Since the public administration pay actual social contributions toward a new institution called INPDAP for the pensions of the civil sen/ants. 2 Since the social contributions for the Health Service are abolished and substituted by a new income (IRAP) paid only by who carries on an economic activity (at local government level). 3 See footnote number 2. 4 The amount of the active rates paid by the Pension Found increased as from 1999.

120 Luxembourg D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) AJf ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type O) Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

121 The Netherlands D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -Tf ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS ! : ! ^ I Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons \ E c \ \ Í C 4616! 73 5Í 23 56: 14 98S 8 57! \ C I Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts 1 Receipts by sector of origin Í C ! C C C ! C : C 18 92c C All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World Including social pension funds: for example, this receipts amounted to millions Euros in 21.

122 Austria D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -Tf TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin 1 All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ' These values do not include the value of the item "other receipts" (see receipts by type : for example 731 million EURO for 21), for which the breakdown by sector of origin is not available.

123 Portugal D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) -7f ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons CD General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

124 Finland D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million EURO) z\ L TOTAL RECEIPTS O Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees 1 Self-employed persons 1 Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts * 65* 538* * 555* 656* * 555* 732* * 563* 69* * 573* 722* * 68* 599* * 624* 551* * 642* 565* * 645* 53* * 684* 492* Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations 2 General government 2 Central government 2 State and local government 2 Social security funds 2 Households 2 Non-profit institutions serving households * * 12185* 8 58* 2 518* 4 689* 117* * * 11661* 8 76* 2 379* 4 66* 12* * * * 9 216* 2478* 4 414* 137* * * 1142* 9 491* 2 379* 4 513* 126* * 24 72* 11527* 9913* 2 632* 4483* 136* * 25 34* 11986* 1 638* 2 716* 4 543* 131* Rest of the World 1 The breakdown of 'social contributions by the protected persons" between "employees", "self-employed persons" and "pensioners and other persons" is estimated. 2 The breakdown of the receipts by sector of origin is estimated.

125 Sweden D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -Tf ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees K> Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

126 United Kingdom D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -7? ρ ro TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

127 Iceland D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) ~ T r TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons N3 General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

128 Norway D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) ~7L ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

129 European Economic Area (EEA) D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (million ECU/EURO 1 ) ~7L 1999p 2* 21* TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons N) en General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World 1 The currency ECU/EURO is obtained by converting the national currency applying the ECU conversion rates in use until and the EURO conversion rates as from EEA = Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom, Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein. No data are available for Liechtenstein. Forsorne of these values there may be relevant comments in tables of section D3.

130 Switzerland D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -7L en TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes 1 General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World 1 93S C e C ! C ! c C ! E E 2 97 ε C C S C 2 42 E 24 75C 166C 23 9C 24 71S Introduction of a new tax in 1999.

131 Hungary D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -Tr 1999p 2p 21 ρ TOTAL RECEIPTS : ro -vi Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World

132 Malta D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin -TL TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government 1 State and local government 1 Social security funds 1 Households 1 Non-profit institutions serving households 1 Rest of the World 1 (thousand of national currency) : : * * * 67 68* * * ' 77ie breakdown of the receipts by sector of origin is estimated.

133 Slovenia D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) CD -7L TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type Social contributions Employers' social contributions Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue Other receipts 1 Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit institutions serving households Rest of the World ρ * 44 91* * * * ' Including transfers from "Limited company of pension and disability insurance" as from 2 (amounted to 133 millions SIT in 2).

134 Slovak Republic D 3 Detailed breakdown of receipts by type and sector of origin (millions of national currency) -Tf p TOTAL RECEIPTS Receipts by type S Social contributions 7 72S Employers' social contributions 52 43! Actual employers ' social contibutions Imputed employers ' social contibutions Social contributions by the protected persons Employees Self-employed persons Pensioners and other persons 291! CO o General government contributions Earmarked taxes General revenue 37 51S C 37 51E Other receipts Receipts by sector of origin All resident institutional units Corporations General government Central government State and local government Social security funds Households Non-profit Institutions serving households Rest of the World ' Partial data.

135 E. Economie and demographic indicators 131

136 E1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP 1 ) at market prices (thousand millions of national currency) Jf eurostal EU EUR EUR BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK ' For Spain (from to ), Sweden (for )and Switzerland the GDP is calculated according to ESA79. The rest of countries' figures are calculated according to ESA95. Malta: millions of national currency Totals are calculated in ECU/EURO for EU-15, EUR-11, EUR-12 and EEA. 132

137 Population E2 (ini housand) Jp EU EUR EUR BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK ' Annual average population. 133

138 E3 Consumer price indices in national currency ( = 1) (index =1) -Tf EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK

139 ECU / EURO conversion rates E.4 Jf EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK (1 ECU/EURO = national currency) Yearly average ECU exchange rates for all countries until ; yearly average EURO exchange rates as from

140 E 5 (1 PPP =... national currency) PPP conversion rates specific to households consumption eurostal =l /- EU EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH HU MT SI SK These conversion rates indicate the national currency units needed, in the various countries, to purchase the same basket of goods and services. If national currency values are converted using this rates, this gives values that are directly comparable in terms of the purchasing power of households. 136

141 F. Annexe 137

142 WTL Abbrevations EU-15 EUR-11 EUR-12 BE DK DE EL ES FR IE IT LU NL AT PT Fl SE UK IS NO EEA CH MT HU SI SK GDP PPS n.e.c. Ρ * the European Union the 11 country euro-zone the 12 country euro-zone Belgium Denmark Germany Greece Spain France Ireland Italy Luxembourg The Netherlands Austria Portugal Finland Sweden United Kingdom Iceland Norway the European Economic Area Switzerland Malta Hungary Slovenia Slovak Republic gross domestic product purchasing power standard not elsewhere classified provisional data estimated data data not available References Eurostat publications Methodology ESSPROS Manual, Some analysis Statistics in focus, Population and social conditions: - Social protection in Europe, 23 - Social protection: expenditure on pensions, 23 - Social protection: cash family benefits in Europe, 23 Other Eurostat publications on social protection: Digest of statistics on social protection in Europe -Vol. 1: Old age, ; - Vol. 2: Disability, ; - Vol. 3: Survivors, ; - Vol. 4: Family, ; - Vol. 5: Sickness, ; - Vol. 6: Maternity, ; - Vol. 7: Unemployment, ; - Vol. 8: General neediness, ; - Old age and Survivors: an update,. Database and Eurostat Web site More information is contained in the Eurostat "New Cronos" database, "SESPROS" domain. To obtain information or to order publications, databases and special sets of data, please contact the Eurostat Data Shop network. See list of Eurostat Data Shops at the end of this publication. The list of Eurostat Data Shops as well as other useful information can be found on Eurostat Web site: Readers who would like to make a data request may find useful the following extract from the "SESPROS" domain classification plan, containing the list of all the tables available in the database according to the new methodology ("ESSPROS "). A complete version of this classification plan, containing a detailed description of all the variables available for each table, can be found on Eurostat Web site (see "social protection" under "database information") or may be requested from Data Shops. 138

143 Classification plan of "SESPROS" domain in "New Cronos" (extract) sa 1 lieiik'3 Population and Social Conditions sespros Social protection meth_96 methodological version expend96 Social protection expenditure summ96 Summary tables e96_sum Expenditure: main results e96_pens Pensions curr96 Tables by functions, aggregated benefits and grouped schemes e96_nat Tables by functions, etc. - in MIO of national currency Tables by functions, etc. - in MIO of nat. curr. at constant prices Tables by functions, etc. - in MIO of ECU e96_n95 e96_ecu e96_ecuh e96_ec95 e96_pps e96_ppsh e96_gdp func96 e96_f_si e96_f_di e96_f_ol e96_f_su e96_f_fa e96_f_un e96_f_ho e96_f_ex e96_f_to receip96 summ_96 r96_sumt r96_sums curr_96 r96_nat r96_n95 r96_ecu r96_ecuh r96_ec95 r96_pps r96_ppsh r96_gdp Tables by functions, etc. in ECU per head Tables by functions, etc. Tables by functions, etc. Tables by functions, etc - in MIO of ECU at constant prices in MIO of PPS in PPS per head Tables by functions, etc. - in % of the GDP Tables by benefits, grouped schemes and currency Tables by benefits, etc. - sickness/health care function Tables by benefits, etc. disability function Tables by benefits, etc. old age function Tables by benefits, etc. - survivors function Tables by benefits, etc. family/children function Tables by benefits, etc. unemployment function Tables by benefits, etc. - housing function Tables by benefits, etc. - social exclusion n.e.c. function Tables by benefits, etc. - all functions Social protection receipts Summary tables Receipts by type Receipts by sector of origin Tables by sectors, types and grouped schemes Tables by sectors, etc. - in MIO of national currency Tables by sectors, etc. - in MIO of nat. curr. at constant prices Tables by sectors, etc. - in MIO of ECU Tables by sectors, etc. - in ECU per head Tables by sectors, etc. - in MIO of ECU at constant prices Tables by sectors, etc. - in MIO of PPS Tables by sectors, etc. - in PPS per head Tables by sectors, etc. - in % of the GDP etc. 139

144

145 European Commission European social statistics Social protection Expenditure and receipts Data -21 Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities pp. 21 χ 29.7 cm Theme 3: Population and social conditions Collection: Detailed Tables ISBN ISSN Price (excluding VAT) in Luxembourg: EUR 45

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148 How to consult the information 1. Insert the CD-Rom into the specific drive. 2. Open 'Windows Explorer'. 3. Double click on the symbol for the CD-Rom drive. 4. Double click on 'index.htm'

149

150 oo I D O ό J> ό o m O Price (excluding VAJ) in Luxembourg: EUR 45 ISBN Publications Office Publications.eu.int II4752 1