Euratom Support to Research and Training on the Management and Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Transcription

1 Euratom Treaty, 1957 Euratom Support to Research and Training on the Management and Disposal of Radioactive Waste DMT expert meeting, 1 March 2018, Essen, germany DG Research and Innovation Unit G4 Fission Energy Christophe Davies Project Officer Christophe.davies@ec.europa.eu

2 The Euratom Treaty, the European Union Institutions and the European Commission services 2

3

4 European Union Institutions European Court of Auditors European Parliament Council of the European Union Committee of the Regions Court of Justice Economic and Social Committee European Commission (28 Commission Members) 1957 Treaty on European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) 2007 Treaties on European Union (TEU) & Functioning (TFEU)

5 European Commission External support Policy EURATOM Research DG DEVCO Development & Cooperation DG NEAR Enlargement DG ENER Energy DG RTD Research & Innovation JRC Joint Research Centre Europe, Southern Mediterranean Middle-East & Neighbourhood Policy Financial Instruments & Regional Programmes EURATOM Supply Agency Nuclear Energy Nuclear Safeguards Energy (EURATOM) Nuclear Safety & Security (Brussels (BE), Karlsruhe (DE), Petten (NL), Geel (BE), Ispra (IT))

6 Legislation and Policy at European level 6

7 EC DG ENERGY: Legal Instruments Directive 2011/70/EURATOM (Responsible and Safe Management of Spent Fuel and Radioactive Waste) Basic requirements on EU Member States to establish national policy, legislative, regulatory, organisational framework and a national programme to manage all types of RW from generation to disposal National programme consists in: Implementation of the policy Timeframes, Milestones Classification, Inventory Concepts and Plans, etc. Costs and Financial schemes R&D and demonstration Support from Euratom R&T programme Public information and participation Other related Directives : Monitoring & Performance indicators International agreements Self-assessment and Peer reviews - Shipment of RAW & SF (2006/117) - Basic Safety Standards (2013/59) - Nuclear Safety (2014/87)

8 Radioactive Waste Directive : Status of implementation MSs National Programmes (due by 23 Aug. 2015) 24 MSs submitted final national programmes and 4 draft MSs National Reports (1 st by 23 Aug & every 3 years, next this year) Subsequently the EC prepared its - First Report to the EP / Council and EU Inventory - with two Staff Working Documents on Implementation of the Directive and on Inventories (Published May 2017) International Peer Reviews (ARTEMIS) via IAEA by August 2023 Scheduled for Poland (Oct 2017), France, Bulgaria and Spain (2018), Germany (2019) Other Euratom obligation (Article 40 of the EURATOM Treaty) Nuclear Illustrative Programme of the Commission (PINC) (Latest published May 2017)

9 The Euratom Research and Training programme

10 Integration steps R&D Euratom R&T in RWM: 44 years of continuous development since WM 1 WM 2 WM 3 WM 4 FP5 (#6) FP7 (#8) +2 H2020 (#9) +2 FP4 (#5) FP6 (#7) Single partner/topic projects Multi partner/disciplines, Coordination actions IGD-TP (WMOs) Integrated projects SITEX (TSOs) MS Joint R&D Programming Joint Programming EC Communication COM(2011) 572 Basic knowledge, Waste management, Safety Assessment tools GD Science, Safety & Industrial implementation Knowledge Managt. URL construction, In situ testing & demonstration GD Implementation-oriented on remaining key aspects GD repository technologies Other WM solutions incl.predisposal Governance, Public involvement & Education and Training

11 Overview of the Euratom Programme in RWM IGD-TP (2009) TSOs (2012) European Joint Programme (2018) 1975 WM1 1 st prog. 19m EC funding 1980 WM2 2 nd prog. contracts / projects & avg./ct 1985 WM3 3 rd prog. 1990/94 WM4 4 th prog. 1994/98 FP4 5 th prog. 1998/2002 FP5 6 th prog. 2002/06 FP6 7 th prog. 2007/13 FP7 8 th prog Horizon th prog. 43m 62m 73.5m 33.5m 32m 47.1m 64.6m 2014/17 = 35.76m 2018 = 32.5m > k /ct > k /ct k /ct k /ct 24 1,96m Waste management strategies & system studies Waste Characterisation, QA/QC, Treatment & Conditioning Disposal (basic phenomena, Natural Analogues, Modelling & Safety Ass.t) Repository design, URL construction, EBS, Backfilling/sealing, THMC, Geochemistry, in situ exp.ts & demonstrations) 26 2,48m MIRAGE, CoCo, PAGIS, PACOMA, EVEREST, SPA, SFS, BENIPA, CHEMVAL, Interclay, PEGASUS, MEGAS, HADES, ASSE salt mine, KONRAD, AMELIE, TOURNEMIRE, GRIMSEL, Mont Terry, AESPOE, ONKALO, Bure, Josef URC NAWG (OKLO, Palmottu, El Berocal, Dunaroba ) Governance (RISCOM, COWAM, ) COMPAS, SAPIERR, CATT Education & Training (CETRAD, PETRUS, ) 10 ( ) 3.57m Total m 443 # reports > Lists of publications euratom/src/lib_docs.htm /06

12 FP7 Main focus on GD implementation oriented R&D LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments ( ) Excavation of disposal cell for HLW packages (ANDRA) Auger drilling machine

13 LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments ( ) Full scale experiment at Mont Terri (NAGRA)

14 LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments ( ) KBS- 3H Multi purpose test (MPT) at Aespoe (SKB) Deposition machine and tube

15 LUCOEX: Large Underground Concept Experiments ( ) KBS- 3V at ONKALO (POSIVA) Installation machine and bentonite buffer

16 DOPAS: Full-scale demonstration of plugs and seals ( ) EPSP, Josef Mine, CZ (plug materials & technology) SKB DOMPLU, Aspö (tunnel plug) ANDRA FSS, Cigeo, (Drift or vault seal) POSIVA POPLU, experiment, Onkalo

17 The Euratom FP Status Work Programmes 2014 to 2017

18 After two calls WP 2014 / 2015 WP 2016 / 2017 WP 2018 New projects On-going projects Started in June 2017 IGD-TP priorities IGD-TP priorities (GD & HLW/SF) CEBAMA - Cement / rock & bentonite interactions DISCO - Modern SF disso. & charact. Modern Repository monitoring strategy & techn Beacon - Bentonite Mech. Evolution MIND - Microbiology in repositories TSO support SITEX II - Structure TSO community for safety case reviews Preparatory phase for Joint Programme JOPRAD - Prepare for European Joint Programme Horizon Euratom ( ) RWM & other wastes (unconventional, legacy & decom.ning) CHANCE - Charact. of conditioned waste THERAMIN - Thermal treatment for waste mini. INSIDER - Charact. for waste mini. in Decom. & Dism. E&T + Socio-economic aspects ANNETTE - HoNEST - Euro Master & vocational E&T Prog. in Nuc. Science & Technology History of factors influencing successes and failures of nuc. energy developments E&T + Socio-economic aspects MEET-CINCH - Radiochemistry teaching ENENplus - Post academic educ. & mobility scheme

19 Participation in Projects 45 H2020 Fission - N of participants and participations in nuclear waste N of Participants N of Participations

20 Participation from German organisations in FP7 & H2020

21 The Euratom FP Work Programme 2018

22 Area Radioactive Waste Management : Objective Launch a European Joint Research (EJP) Programme of EU added-value in RWM between MSs programmes To integrate and coordinate R&D and Knowledge Management activities between WMOs, TSOs, Research Entities and waste Producers representing MSs programmes

23 Work Programme 2018 Call for proposal schedule Event Date Call publication 27/10/2017 Opening of submission 15/05/2018 Call deadline 27/09/2018 Evaluation Oct.18 Jan.2019 Information to applicants Feb Grant preparations Feb. May 2019 Projects launch June July 2019 Topic NFRP : European Joint Research Programme in the management and disposal of radioactive waste EC contribution up to EUR 32.5 million reimbursed at 55% of the total eligible costs Euratom Work Programme

24 Key messages from the topic description The EJP needs establish a clear framework and strategy of action, the scope of activities and the conditions and rules for its deployment through a set of founding documents : A Vision document, A common Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) for RD&D and Horizontal activities (Strategic studies, Management & Transfer of Knowledge and Training), A Roadmap for deployment over time well beyond H2020, Governance ToR mechanisms, Rules and methods for functioning as well as participation mechanisms.

25 Technical scope and Horizontal activities The scope of joint research activities should cover the domains of management (pre-disposal) and disposal of radioactive waste (RW) defined in Directive 2011/70/Euratom i.e. Target technical solutions per waste streams and waste types for: Pre-disposal : Characterisation, Treatment, Conditioning, Storage And Disposal. Horizontal activities should be prioritised, including strategic studies, sharing of facilities and knowledge management (State-of-the-art text book, Guidance documents on R&D, Training courses and hands-on-training mobility measures)

26 Principles for participation: The core participants must be legal entities owning or managing national research and innovation programmes. A mandate needs to be produced. Other participants may be linked to a main beneficiary (linked third parties). The call topic defines the main beneficiary participants as: Waste Management Organisations (WMOs) Technical Support Organisations (TSOs) Nationally funded Research Entities (REs) Radioactive waste producers

27 EU added-value and Pan-European interest : There should be activities of interest to large and advanced programmes as well as other activities of interest to small and less-advanced programmes. Possible new partners need to be allowed in. And the horizontal activities should be a priority.

28 Summary and conclusions Widespread and long lasting activities of the European Commission and Euratom programmes in nuclear fission, including radioactive waste management and disposal since 1975 Recent Euratom R&T programmes have concentrated on implementation-oriented RD&D & remaining aspects for Geological Disposal The programme is now reopening support to R&D on pre-disposal and disposal of other wastes than HLW and Spent Fuel The Commission is now aiming at funding a Joint Programme of research between the EU Member States & covering: Operational R&D Needs, Prospective / Long-term R&D and Horizontal Activities

29 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

30 Radioactive Waste Management Projects from WP & Geological Disposal: Project acronym and title Key technical activities Coordinator / no. partners JOPRAD Towards a Joint Programming (JP) on Radioactive Waste Disposal SITEX-II Sustainable network for Independent Technical Expertise for radioactive waste disposal Interactions and implementation CEBAMA Cement-based materials, properties, evolution, barrier functions MIND Development of the safety case knowledge base about the influence of microbial processes on geological disposal of radioactive wastes Modern2020 Development and Demonstration of monitoring strategies & technologies for geological disposal To study options for Joint Programming between national research programmes. To develop own strategic research agenda incl. civil society view, contribute to JP development, guidance & training on safety case review and prepare framework for sustainable network To study processes at interface cement materials, bentonite and host rocks and impact on radionuclide transport and retention properties To study the behaviour of ILW-LL waste containing organics and the impact of microbial processes on the performance of HLW & SF in GD; Propose guidelines to communicate geomicrobiological risk To develop framework, strategies, tech,gies & methods incl. civil society view for what should be monitored and how results & information can be used in decion-making and responded to ANDRA (FR) 10 partners (5 countries) IRSN (FR) 18 partners (11 countries + Canada) KIT (DE) 27 partners (10 countries + Japan) SKB (SE) 15 partners (8 countries) ANDRA (FR) 28 partners (12 countries + Japan) Start date & duration June months June months June months June months June months Total cost / EU funding 1,78M / 1.1M CSA 1.48M / 1.17M CSA 5,95/ 3.86M RIA (R&D) 4,71/ 4.16M RIA (R&D) 8,66/ 5.99M RIA (R&D)

31 Competence development & Socio-economic aspects: Projects from WP Project acronym and title Key technical activities Coordinator / no. partners Start date & duration Total cost / EU funding ANNETTE Advanced Networking for Nuclear Education and Training and Transfer of Expertise European Master Programme in Nuclear Science &Technology, Vocational E&T, applying ECTS, ECVET in all nuclear fields (links with SNE-TP, IGD-TP, MELODI, EHRO-N, NUGENIA, EUTERP, HERCA and IAEA ) ENEN Association (FR) 27 partners (12 countries) Jan months 3.18M / 2.51M CSA HoNEST History of Nuclear Energy and Society To analyse, document & improve knowledge & understanding of factors which influenced successes and failures of developments of nuclear energy & other applications including the mechanisms of societal engagement with nuclear energy UNIV. POMPEU FABRA (ES) 24 partners (12 countries) Sept months 3.05M / 3.05M RIA (R&D)

32 Radioactive Waste Management Projects from WP & Geological Disposal: Project DISCO Modern Spent Fuel Dissolution and Chemistry in Failed Container Conditions BEACON Bentonite Mechanical Evolution CHANCE Characterization of conditioned nuclear waste for its safe disposal in Europe INSIDER Improved Nuclear SIte characterisation for waste minimization in D&D operations under constrained EnviRonments THERAMIN Thermal treatment for radioactive waste minimisation and hazard reduction Technical scope Spent fuel dissolution in realistic environment. Interactions with the surrounding materials. Behaviour of novel types of fuel: MOX, doped. Develop and test the tools necessary for the assessment of the mechanical evolution of an installed bentonite barrier and the resulting performance of the barrier. Identify current shortcomings of the state of the art on characterisation technics for radioactive waste. Carry out R&D on specific characterisation technologies: calorimetry, muon tomography, cavity ring down spectroscopy. Define the best sampling strategy for waste production optimization. Assess performance of available measurement techniques (methods & tools) to establish a science base for decision-making. Establish common methodologies in view of deploying reference guidelines for selected use cases. Identify treatment processes for the different type of waste. Demonstration of treatment for selected waste stream. Disposability of waste products (including long term behaviour). Coordinator & partners SKB (SE) 16 partners, 8 countries (SE, ES, UK, FI, DE, BE, FR & CH) SKB (SE) 25 partners,10countries (SE, CZ, FI, FR, CH, ES, UK, DE, BE & LI) ANDRA (FR) 12 partners, 8 countries (FR, IT, DE, BE, UK, FI, RO & PL) CEA (FR) 18 partners, 9 countries (FR, BE, UK, UA, ES, HU, DE, CH & CZ) VTT (FI) 12 partners, 7 countries (FI, FR, UK, DE, LI, BE & SK) Start / Duration / End June months May 2021 June months May 2021 June months May 2021 June months May 2021 June months May 2020 Total cost / EU funding 4.69 M / 3.99 M RIA (R&D) 4.05 M / 3.80 M RIA (R&D) 4.25 M / 3.98 M RIA (R&D) 4.17 M / 3.78 M RIA (R&D) 3.97 M / 3.90 M RIA (R&D) Total WP M / M

33 Competence development & Socio-economic aspects: Projects from WP Project acronym and title Key technical activities Coordinator / no. partners Start date & duration Total cost / EU funding MEET-CINCH A Modular European Education and Training Concept In Nuclear and RadioCHemistry Development of a teaching package for high schools and a MOOC on Nuclear and Radio-Chemistry (NRC) for public use Development of new education and training approaches based on remote teaching and the flipped classroom concept LUH (DE) 12 partners 9 countries (DE, CZ, SE, FI, CY, SL, UK, It & FR) June months 2.16 M / 2.11 M CSA Provide ECVET course modules adapted to end-users needs ENENplus Attract, Retain and Develop New Nuclear Talents Beyond Academic Curricula Revival of the young generations' interest in nuclear sector careers Establishment of a mobility fund for European students researchers and learners ENEN (FR) 22 partners 10 countries (FR, FI, BE, HU, ES, CZ, SL, IT, RO & UK) October months 3.27 M / 2.99 M CSA