SUMMARY OF RESULTS AFROBAROMETER ROUND 5 SURVEY IN MAURITIUS. StraConsult. Compiled by:

Transcription

1 SUMMARY OF RESULTS AFROBAROMETER ROUND 5 SURVEY IN MAURITIUS Compiled by: StraConsult 1

2 Afrobarometer Round 5 Survey Findings Summary of Results for the Republic of Mauritius The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys that will be covering up to 35 African countries in Round 5 ( ). Based on representative national samples, the surveys assess citizen attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The first round of surveys was conducted between and covered seven Southern African countries (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. The 4 th Round of surveys covered 20 countries between 2008 and 2009, with the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. From 7 January to 26 February 2012, the Afrobarometer surveyed a nationally representative, random, stratified probability sample of 1200 Mauritians. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in the language of the respondent s choice by the Afrobarometer team based at StraConsult. The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (Idasa), a Core Partner in the Afrobarometer Network, provided technical backstopping for the survey. The sample was drawn by taking the smallest geographic units, Census Enumeration Areas (EAs), and stratifying all EAs across the country into separate lists according to districts and geographical area (urban/rural). 150 EAs were then randomly selected from these lists with the probability proportionate to its size in the overall population as represented in the 2011 population census. This ensured that every eligible adult had an equal and known chance of being selected. Eight households were then randomly selected within each EA, and a respondent 18 years of age or older was randomly selected from each household. A gender quota ensured that every other interview must be with a female. A sample of this size is sufficient to yield an overall margin of error of +/- 3 percent at a confidence level of 95 percent. Below is an outline of the survey findings from all the questions posed to respondents. We also present the findings by some critical demographics such as gender and place of residence (urbanrural). We gratefully acknowledge the support of the UK Department for International Development (DfID), the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for Afrobarometer Round

3 Contact Information: Contact Persons: L. A. Darga Gilles Joomun 2, Johanna Street, Near Caudan Roundabout, Port Louis telephone: facsimile: Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Contact Person: Anyway Chingwete, Afrobarometer Project Manager 357 Visagie Street/Cnr Prinsloo Pretoria South Africa Telephone: +27 (0)

4 Sample Survey Technical Information Form Survey Overview The Quality of Democracy and Governance in Mauritius Afrobarometer Round 5, 2012 Dates of Fieldwork: January 12- March 4, 2012 Sample size: 1200 Sampling frame: Sample universe: Sample design: Stratification: Stages: PSU selection: Cluster size: Household selection: 2011 Housing Census Citizens age 18 years or older, excluding institutions Nationally representative, random, clustered, stratified, multistage area probability sample District, urban-rural distribution PSUs (from strata), starting points, households, respondents Probability Proportionate to Population Size (PPPS) 8 households per PSU Randomly selected starting points, followed by walk pattern using a 5/10 interval pattern to select households. Respondent selection: Gender quota filled by alternating interviews between men and women; respondents of appropriate gender listed, after which household member draws a numbered card to select respondent. Weighting: Margin of error: Fieldwork by: Survey Languages: (official translations) Main researchers: None +/- 3% at 95% confidence level StraConsult Ltd. Creole, English L. Amedee Darga, Gilles Joomun, Sariff Mungralee Outcome rates: Contact rate: 99.6% EA Substitution Rate: 0% Cooperation rate: 86.5% Refusal rate: 7.3% Response rate: 86.1% 4

5 Afrobarometer Round 5 Mauritius Survey Demographics Note: All figures in the following tables are percentages, rounded to whole numbers. Due to rounding, columns may not add up to exactly 100. Also note that a figure of 0 reported indicates that at least 1 response, but less than 0.5 of all responses, were in this category, whereas a dash ( - ) or blank cell indicates that there were no responses in this category. For Questions 1 through 100, weighted frequency distributions are reported. DEMOGRAPHICS Gender Weighted Unweighted Male Female Location Urban Rural Age Group Region Port Louis Pamplemousses Riviere du Rempart Grand Port Flacq Savanne Plaines Wilhems Moka Black River Rodrigues Education Level No formal schooling Informal schooling only.0.1 Some primary schooling Primary school completed Some secondary school/high school Secondary school completed/high school Post-secondary qualifications, not university Some university University completed Post-graduate

6 Let s begin by recording a few facts about yourself. 1. How old are you? Which Mauritian language is your home language? French Creole Bhojpuri Let s discuss economic conditions. 3A. In general, how would you describe: The present economic condition of this country? Very Bad Fairly bad Neither good nor bad Fairly good Very good B. In general, how would you describe: Your own present living conditions? Very Bad Fairly bad Neither good nor bad Fairly good Very good In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Mauritians? Much Worse Worse Same Better Much Better Don't know

7 5A. Looking back, how do you rate the following compared to twelve months ago? Economic conditions in this country? Much Worse Worse Same Better Much Better Don't know B. Looking back, how do you rate the following compared to twelve months ago? Your living conditions? Much Worse Worse Same Better Much Better A. Looking ahead, do you expect the following to be better or worse? Economic conditions in this country in twelve months time? Much Worse Worse Same Better Much Better Don't know B. Looking ahead, do you expect the following to be better or worse? Your living conditions in twelve months time? Much Worse Worse Same Better Much Better Don't know What about the overall direction of the country? Would you say that the country is going in the wrong direction or going in the right direction? Going in the wrong direction Going in the right direction Don't know

8 8A. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: Gone without enough food to eat? Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always B. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: Gone without enough clean water for home use? Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always C. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: Gone without medicines or medical treatment? Never Just once or twice Several times D. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: Gone without enough fuel to cook your food? Never Just once or twice Several times E. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family: Gone without a cash income? Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always A. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family : Felt unsafe walking in your neighbourhood? Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always

9 9B. Over the past year, how often, if ever, have you or anyone in your family : Feared crime in your own home? Never Just once or twice Several times Many times Always A. During the past year, have you or anyone in your family : Had something stolen from your house? No Yes, once Yes, twice Yes, three or more times B. During the past year, have you or anyone in your family: Been physically attacked? No Yes, once C. Was any such incident reported to the police? No Yes Not applicable Some people say that many crimes are never reported to the police. Based on your experience, what do you think is the main reason that many people do not report crimes like thefts or attacks to the police when they occur? Most people do report crimes to the police People don't have enough time to report crimes No police or police station in the area/too far Police don't listen or care Police would have demanded money or a bribe to help Police wouldn't have been able to do anything Police may be involved in the robbery or assault Victim feared reprisal from attacker Victim too ashamed or embarrassed Procedures too long Other Don't know

10 12. If you were a victim of crime in this country, who, if anyone, would you go to first for assistance? The police Your own family or friends Other A. How often do you get news from the following sources? Radio Never Less than once a month A few times a month A few times a week Every day B. How often do you get news from the following sources? Television Never Less than once a month A few times a month A few times a week Every day C. How often do you get news from the following sources? Newspapers Never Less than once a month A few times a month A few times a week Every day D. How often do you get news from the following sources? Internet Never Less than once a month A few times a month A few times a week Every day How interested would you say you are in public affairs? Not at all interested Not very interested Somewhat interested Very interested

11 15. When you get together with your friends or family, would you say you discuss political matters Never Occasionally Frequently Do not know Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Sometimes politics and government seem so complicated that a person like me cannot really understand what is going on. Strongly agree Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree Strongly disagree Don't know/don't understand A. In this country, how free are you: To say what you think Not at all free Not very free Somewhat free Completely free B. In this country, how free are you: To join any political organization you want Not at all free Not very free Somewhat free Completely free Don't know C. In this country, how free are you: To choose who to vote for without feeling pressured Not very free Somewhat free Completely free Don't know

12 18. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Once in office, elected leaders are obliged to help their home community or group first. Statement 2: Since elected leaders should represent everyone, they should not do anything that favours their own group over others. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Government should be able to ban any organization that goes against its policies. Statement 2: We should be able to join any organization, whether or not the government approves of it. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The media should have the right to publish any views and ideas without government control Statement 2: The government should have the right to prevent the media from publishing things that it considers harmful to society. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The government is like a parent. It should decide what is good for us. Statement 2: The government is like our employee. We are the bosses and should tell government what to do. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know

13 22. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Men make better political leaders than women, and should be elected rather than women. Statement 2: Women should have the same chance of being elected to political office as men. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: In our country, women should have equal rights and receive the same treatment as men do. Statement 2: Women have always been subject to traditional laws and customs, and should remain so. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: If funds for schooling are limited, a boy should always receive an education in school before a girl. Statement 2: If funds for schooling are limited, a family should send the child with the greatest ability to learn. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know A. Now I am going to read out a list of groups that people join or attend. For each one, could you tell me whether you are an official leader, an active member, an inactive member, or not a member. A religious group that meets outside of regular worship services Not a Member Inactive Member Active Member B. Now I am going to read out a list of groups that people join or attend. For each one, could you tell me whether you are an official leader, an active member, an inactive member, or not a member. Some other voluntary association or community group Not a Member Inactive Member Active Member Official Leader

14 26A. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance? Attended a community meeting Yes, often Yes, several times Yes, once or twice No, but would do if had the chance No, would never do this B. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance? Got together with others to raise an issue Yes, often Yes, several times Yes, once or twice No, but would do if had the chance No, would never do this Don't know C. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance? Refused to pay a tax or fee to government No, would never do this No, but would do if had the chance Don't know D. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance? Attended a demonstration or protest march Yes, several times Yes, once or twice No, but would do if had the chance No, would never do this Don't know E. Here is a list of actions that people sometimes take as citizens. For each of these, please tell me whether you, personally, have done any of these things during the past year. If not, would you do this if you had the chance? Used force or violence for a political cause No, would never do this No, but would do if had the chance Don't know

15 27. With regard to the most recent national election in 2010, which statement is true for you? You were not registered to vote You voted in the elections You decided not to vote You did not have time to vote You did not vote because your name not in the register Did not vote for some other reason You were too young to vote On the whole, how would you rate the freeness and fairness of the last national election, held in Was it: Not free and fair Free and fair, with major problems Free and fair, but with minor problems Completely free and fair Don't know A. Thinking about the last national election in 2010, did you: Attend a campaign meeting or rally? No Yes B. Thinking about the last national election in 2010, did you: Try to persuade others to vote for a certain presidential or legislative candidate or political party? No Yes C. Thinking about the last national election in 2010, did you: Work for a candidate or party? No Yes A. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views? A Municipal/District councilor Never Only once A few times Often

16 30B. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views? A Member of the National Assembly Never Only once A few times Often C. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views? An official of a government agency Never Only once A few times Often D. During the past year, how often have you contacted any of the following persons about some important problem or to give them your views? A political party official Never Only once A few times Often A. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives? Only one political party is allowed to stand for election and hold office. Strongly Disapprove Disapprove Neither Approve Nor Disapprove Approve Strongly Approve Don't Know B. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives? The army comes in to govern the country. Strongly Disapprove Disapprove Neither Approve Nor Disapprove Approve Strongly Approve Don't Know

17 31C. There are many ways to govern a country. Would you disapprove or approve of the following alternatives? Elections and the National Assembly are abolished so that the Prime Minister can decide everything. Strongly Disapprove Disapprove Neither Approve Nor Disapprove Approve Strongly Approve Don't Know Which of these three statements is closest to your own opinion? STATEMENT 1: Democracy is preferable to any other kind of government. STATEMENT 2: In some circumstances, a non-democratic government can be preferable. STATEMENT 3: For someone like me, it doesn t matter what kind of government we have. STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable. STATEMENT 2: Sometimes nondemocratic preferable STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: It is more important to have a government that can get things done, even if we have no influence over what it does. Statement 2: It is more important for citizens to be able to hold government accountable, even if that means it makes decisions more slowly. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: We should choose our leaders in this country through regular, open and honest elections. Statement 2: Since elections sometimes produce bad results, we should adopt other methods for choosing this country s leaders. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with

18 35. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Political parties create division and confusion; it is therefore unnecessary to have many political parties in Mauritius. Statement 2: Many political parties are needed to make sure that Mauritians have real choices in who governs them Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The National Assembly should ensure that the Prime Minister explains to it on a regular basis how his government spends taxpayers money. Statement 2: The Prime Minister should be able to devote his full attention to developing the country rather than wasting time justifying his actions. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Opposition parties should regularly examine and criticize government policies and actions. Statement 2: Opposition parties should concentrate on cooperating with government and helping it develop the country. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The news media should constantly investigate and report on government mistakes and corruption. Statement 2: Too much reporting on negative events, like government mistakes and corruption, only harms the country. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know

19 39. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Members of the National Assembly represent the people; therefore they should make laws for this country, even if the President does not agree. Statement 2: Since the President represents all of us, he should pass laws without worrying about what the National Assembly thinks. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Since the Prime Minister was elected to lead the country, he should not be bound by laws or court decisions that he thinks are wrong. Statement 2: The Prime Minister must always obey the laws and the courts, even if he thinks they are wrong. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: The Constitution should limit the Prime Minister to serving a maximum of two terms in office. Statement 2: There should be no constitutional limit on how long the Prime Minister can serve Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know In your opinion how much of a democracy is Mauritius today? A full democracy A democracy, but with minor problems A democracy, with major problems Not a democracy Do not understand question/democracy Don't know

20 43. Overall, how satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Mauritius? Are you: Not at all satisfied Not very satisfied Fairly satisfied Very satisfied Don't Know Many things may be desirable, but not all of them are essential characteristics of democracy. If you have to choose only one of the things that I am going to read, which one would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? Government narrows the gap between the rich and the poor People choose government leaders in free and fair elections Government does not waste any public money People are free to express their political views openly None of these Don't know And here is another list. Which one of these things would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? Government ensures law and order Media is free to criticize the things government does Government ensures job opportunities for all Multiple parties compete fairly in elections Don't know A. On a scale between 0 and 10, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following, or haven t you heard enough to say? Our country today?

21 Don t know / haven t heard enough to say B. On a scale between 0 and 10, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following, or haven t you heard enough to say? Our country ten years ago, in 2001? Don t know / haven t heard enough to say C. On a scale between 0 and 10, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following, or haven t you heard enough to say? Our country under British colonial rule Don t know / haven t heard enough to say D. And on the same scale, where would you want our country to be in the future?

22 Don t know / haven t heard enough to say A. On the same scale, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following countries, or haven t you heard enough to say? People s Republic of China Dont know / havent heard enough to say B. On the same scale, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following countries, or haven t you heard enough to say? United States of America Don t know / haven t heard enough to say C. On the same scale, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following countries, or haven t you heard enough to say? South Africa

23 Don t know / haven t heard enough to say D. On the same scale, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following countries, or haven t you heard enough to say? Zimbabwe Don t know / haven t heard enough to say E. On the same scale, where 0 means completely undemocratic and 10 means completely democratic, where would you place each of the following countries, or haven t you heard enough to say? Britain, you know, the United Kingdom or UK Don t know / haven t heard enough to say A. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree? The courts have the right to make decisions that people always have to abide by. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree Nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Don't know

24 48B. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree? The police always have the right to make people obey the law. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree Nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Don't know C. For each of the following statements, please tell me whether you disagree or agree? The tax authorities always have the right to make people pay taxes. Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree Nor Disagree Agree Strongly Agree Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: It is important to obey the government in power, no matter who you voted for. Statement 2: It is not necessary to obey the laws of a government that you did not vote for. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: Citizens must pay their taxes to the government in order for our country to develop. Statement 2: The government can find enough resources for development from other sources without having to tax the people. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know

25 51. Which of the following statements is closest to your view? Choose Statement 1 or Statement 2. Statement 1: It is better to pay higher taxes, if it means that there will be more services provided by government. Statement 2: It is better to pay lower taxes, even if it means there will be fewer services provided by government. Agree very strongly with Agree with Agree with Agree very strongly with Agree with neither Don't know A. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Does the news media abuse its freedoms by printing or saying things it knows are not true? Always Often Rarely Never Don't know B. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Does competition between political parties lead to violent conflict? Always Often Rarely Never Don't know C. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Does the Prime Minister ignore the courts and laws of this country? Always Often Rarely Never Don't know D. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Are opposition parties or their supporters silenced by the government? Always Often Rarely Never Don't know

26 52E. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Does the Prime Minister ignore the National Assembly and just do what he wants? Always Often Rarely Never Don't know In this country, how effective is the news media in revealing government mistakes and corrruption? Not at all effective Not very effective Somewhat effective Very effective Don't know During election campaigns in this country, how much do you personally fear becoming a victim of political intimidation or violence? A lot Somewhat A little bit Not at all Don't know How likely do you think it is that powerful people can find out how you voted, even though there is supposed to be a secret ballot in this country? Not at all likely Not very likely Somewhat likely Very likely Don't know A. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Do people have to be careful of what they say about politics? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know

27 56B. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Are people treated unequally under the law? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know C. Not applicable to Mauritius 56D. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Are women treated unequally by the police and courts? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know E. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Are women treated unequally by employers? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know F. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Do officials who commit crimes go unpunished? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know G. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Do ordinary people who break the law go unpunished? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know

28 56H. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Do people obtain household services, like water or electricity, without paying for them? Never Rarely Often Don't know I. In your opinion, how often, in this country: Do people avoid paying the taxes that they owe the government? Never Rarely Often Always Don't know Let me ask you again about the most essential characteristics of democracy. If you have to choose only one of the things that I am going to read, which one would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? Legislature closely monitors the actions of the President Government provides basic necessities for everyone People are free to form organisations to influence gvt Public services work well and do not break down None of these Don't know And here is another list. Which one of these things would you choose as the most essential characteristic of democracy? People are free to take part in demonstrations and protests Politics is clean and free from corruption The court protects ordinary people if gvt. mistreats them People receive aid from gvt. when they are in need None of these Don't know

29 59A. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Prime Minister Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough A-1 MAU. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The President Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough B. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The National Assembly Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough C. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Electoral Supervisory Commission Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough D. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Mauritius Revenue Authority (MRA) Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough

30 59E. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Your Municipal/District Council Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough F. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Ruling Party Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough G. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Opposition Political Parties Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough H. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Police Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough I. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Army Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough

31 59J. How much do you trust each of the following, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Courts of law Not at all Just a little Somewhat A lot Don't know/haven't heard enough A. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The Prime Minister and Officials in his Office None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough A-1 MAU. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? The President and Officials in his Office None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough B. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Members of the National Assembly None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough C. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Government officials None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough

32 60D. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Municipal/District councilors None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough E. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Police None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough F. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Tax Officials, like Mauritius Revenue Authority officials or Local Government tax collectors None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough G. How many of the following people do you think are involved in corruption, or haven t you heard enough about them to say? Judges and Magistrates None Some of them Most of them All of them Don't Know/Haven't heard enough A. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get a document or a permit? No experience with this in past year Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know

33 61B. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get water or sanitation services? No experience with this in past year Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know C. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get treatment at a local health clinic or hospital? No experience with this in past year Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know D. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Avoid a problem with the police, like passing a checkpoint or avoiding a fine or arrest? No experience with this in past year Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know E. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: Get a place in a primary school for a child? No experience with this in past year Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know

34 61F. In the past year, how often, if ever, have you had to pay a bribe, give a gift, or do a favour to government officials in order to: And during the last election in 2010, how often, if ever did a candidate or someone from a political party offer you something, like food or a gift or money, in return for your vote? Never Once or Twice A Few Times Often Don t Know A. How much of the time do you think the following try their best to listen to what people like you have to say? Members of the National Assembly Never Only sometimes Often Always Don't know B. How much of the time do you think the following try their best to listen to what people like you have to say? Municipal/District councilors Never Only sometimes Often Always Don't know In your opinion, what are the most important problems facing this country that government should address? Management of economy Wages, incomes and salaries Unemployment Poverty/ destitution Rates and taxes Drought Transportation Infrastructure/ roads Education Housing Water supply Health Crime and security Corruption Discrimination/ inequality Other

35 63. In your opinion, what are the second most important problems facing this country that government should address? Management of economy Wages, incomes and salaries Unemployment Poverty/ destitution Rates and taxes Farming/ agriculture Food shortage/ famine Drought Transportation Infrastructure/ roads Education Housing Water supply Orphans/ street children/ homeless Health AIDS Sickness/ disease Crime and security Corruption Discrimination/ inequality Other No further response In your opinion, what are the third most important problems facing this country that government should address? Management of economy Wages, incomes and salaries Unemployment Poverty/ destitution Rates and taxes Farming/ agriculture Food shortage/ famine Drought Transportation Infrastructure/ roads Education Housing Water supply Orphans/ street children/ homeless Health AIDS Sickness/ disease

36 Crime and security Corruption Discrimination/ inequality Gender issues/ women's rights Other No further response Taking the problem that you mentioned first, how likely do you think it is that government will solve this problem within the next five years? Very likely Somewhat likely Not very likely Not at all likely Not Applicable Don't know A. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven t you heard enough to say? Managing the economy Very Badly Fairly Badly Fairly Well Very Well Don't know/haven't heard enough B. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven t you heard enough to say? Improving the living standards of the poor Very Badly Fairly Badly Fairly Well Very Well C. How well or badly would you say the current government is handling the following matters, or haven t you heard enough to say? Creating jobs Very Badly Fairly Badly Fairly Well Very Well Don't know/haven't heard enough