The Malaysian Economy. in Figures. Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister's Department

Transcription

1 The Malaysian Economy 2016 in Figures Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister's Department

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3 The Malaysian Economy in Figures 2016 Prepared by Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister's Department Phone : Fax :

4 i Background on Malaysia Malaysia covers an area of 330,323 square kilometers and lies entirely in the equatorial zone, with the average daily temperature throughout Malaysia varies between 21 C to 32 C. It is made of 13 states in Peninsular Malaysia (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Selangor, Terengganu as well as the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya) and the states of Sabah and Sarawak on the island of Borneo as well as the Federal Territory of Labuan off Sabah. Malaysia is a multi-ethnic country with the principal ethnic groups of Malay, Chinese and Indian. Other significant groups are the indigenous people of Sabah and Sarawak, including Kadazan Dusun, Bajau and Murut in Sabah as well as Iban, Bidayuh and Melanau in Sarawak. Malaysia practises a system of Parliamentary democracy with constitutional monarchy. It has three branches of government - the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary. The Malaysian Parliament is made up of His Majesty Yang di-pertuan Agong, the Senate (Upper House) with 70 members and the House of Representatives (Lower House) with 222 members. Out of the 70 senators in the Senate, 44 are appointed by the His Majesty Yang di-pertuan Agong while 26 are elected by the State legislatures. The general election for the 222 members of the lower house must be held every five years. The last general election was held in 2013.

5 MALAYSIA: BASIC STATISTICS Population (million) (p) 2016 (e) Labour force (million) Employment (million) / 14.1 Unemployment rate (%) Nominal GDP (RM billion) 1, , , ,229.0 Nominal GNI (RM billion) , , ,191.0 Real GDP growth rate (%) GNI Per Capita (RM) 32,596 34,945 36,285 37,930 GNI Per Capita (US$) 10,345 10,677 9,291 8,821 GNI Per Capita PPP (US$) 23,078 24,569 25,580 26,577 Inflation (% p.a.) Merchandise exports (RM billion) Merchandise imports (RM billion) Current account of BOP (% of GNI) Exchange rate (RM/US$) / Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate 1/ Updated based on population estimates / January-May 2016 Source : Bank Negara Malaysia, Department of Statistics Malaysia and the World Bank ii

6 1 KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS 1.1 Gross Domestic Product Gross National Income Balance of Payments Federal Government Finance Price Indices Unemployment Exchange Rates Money and Banking 2 2 AREA, POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE 2.1 Area Population Population Age Structure Population by Ethnic Group Labour Force Employment 6 3 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 3.1 Supply Demand Savings and Investment Gap Production of Major Commodities Industrial Production Index (IPI) Distributive Trade 11 4 PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTS 4.1 Federal Government Finance Revenue Operating Expenditure Development Expenditure Overall Surplus / Deficit 12 MALAYSIAN ECONOMY IN FIGURES As at May 2016 Table of Contents Page Page Sources of Finance (Net) Debt Consolidated Public Sector Finance General Government NFPEs Surplus / Deficit Public Sector Current Surplus / Deficit Development Expenditure Overall Surplus / Deficit External Debt 12 5 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS 5.1 Goods (Net) Services (Net) Primary Income (Net) Secondary Income Current Account Balance (Net) Capital and Financial Account Balance (Net) Overall Balance 15 6 BURSA MALAYSIA 6.1 Composite Index Market Valuation Selected World Stock Market Indices New Listing Listed Companies Turnover 18 7 APPROVED INVESTMENT PROJECTS 7.1 Approved Investment Projects Foreign Investment in Approved Projects Proposed Capital Investments in Approved Projects 20 iii

7 iv Table of Contents Page 8 EXTERNAL SECTOR 8.1 Gross Exports Gross Imports Destination of Exports Sources of Imports Trade Prices and Terms of Trade Trade Balance by Main Trading Partner Tourists Arrivals by Region 27 9 PRIVATISATION 9.1 Privatisation Achievement ENERGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE 10.1 Final Energy Consumption Electricity - Demand and Supply Roads by Surface Type Railway Statistics Air Traffic Statistics Port Statistics QUALITY OF LIFE 11.1 Malaysian Well-Being Index (MWI) Selected Social Indicators Poverty Female-Related Information INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON 12.1 Real Gross Domestic Product Consumer Price Index 37 Page 12.3 Structure of Output Structure of Demand Current Account of Balance of Payments Savings and Investment Government, Debt and Resource Flows Population, Urbanisation and Population Density Structure of Employment Quality of Life GNI Per Capita (US$) Information Age Science and Technology World Competitiveness Ranking Productivity per Worker Productivity per Worker (PPP) Productivity by Sector (PPP) MALAYSIA'S COMPETITIVENESS POSITION INVESTORS' GUIDE 14.1 Income Tax Rate Promotion of Investment Act Income Tax Act Others FOREIGN EXCHANGE ADMINISTRATION POLICIES 15.1 Foreign Exchange Administration Rules Applicable to Residents Foreign Exchange Administration Rules Applicable to Non-Residents Special Status Companies 59

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9 1. KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS Unit (p) 2016 (e) RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. 1.1 Gross Domestic Product 1/ , , , (in constant 2010 prices) Agriculture Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction Services Gross National Income 2/ (in constant 2010 prices) , , Private consumption Private investment Public consumption Public investment Exports of goods and services Imports of goods and services GNI per capita (in current prices) RM US$ Balance of Payments % of GNI % of GNI % of GNI % of GNI % of GNI Goods (net) Services (net) Primary income (net) Secondary income (net) Current account balance Capital account Financial account Overall balance Bank Negara Malaysia international reserves 3/ / Months of retained imports / 1.4 Federal Government Finance % of GDP % of GDP % of GDP % of GDP % of GDP Revenue Operating expenditure Development expenditure (net) Overall balance (p) Note : Preliminary (e) Estimate based on BNM Annual Report / Includes import duties 2/ Includes change in stock 3/ End period 4/ As at April 2016 Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 1

10 Unit Price Indices Consumer Price Index (CPI) 1/ % p.a / Producer Price Index (PPI) 1/ % p.a / 1.6 Unemployment % of labour force / 3.1 4/ 1.7 Exchange Rates (average for period) RM / US$ / RM / 100 Yen / RM / S$ / RM / Pound Sterling / 1.8 Money and Banking Money supply M1 RM billion / Money supply M2 RM billion 1, , , , , / Money supply M3 RM billion 1, , , , , / Banking system Total deposits RM billion 1, , , , , / Total loans RM billion 1, , , , , / Ratio of net impaired loans to net total loans 8/ % of total loans / Interest rates 3-month interbank Avg. at end-period (%) / 3-month fixed deposit Avg. at end-period (%) / Savings deposit Avg. at end-period (%) / Base lending rate Avg. at end-period (%) / 3-month Treasury Bills Avg. at end-period (%) / Note : 1/ Based on 2010 prices (2010=100) 2/ Updated based on population estimates / January April / January March / January May / As at April / As at March / Definition of impaired loans: Outstanding amount of loans (principal and interest) classified as impaired when the principal or interest is six months or more in arrears. Interests on these loans are subsequently suspended. Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 2

11 Annual change (%) GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, Malaysia World -6 Advanced Economies -8 Emerging Market & Developing Economies -10 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 (e) Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia MALAYSIA: GDP, CPI AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, Annual change (%) GDP Consumer Price Index Unemployment Rate '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 (e) Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 3

12 2. AREA, POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE 2.1 Area Sq. km. 2.2 Population 1/ Unit Malaysia 330,323 Peninsular Malaysia 131,880 Number (Mid-year) million Sabah and Labuan 73,994 Growth % p.a Sarawak 124,450 Density per sq. km Population Age 1/ Structure million % of Total million % of Total million % of Total million % of Total Age group and above TOTAL Dependency ratio 2/ Note Source : 1/ Population projection based on the Population and Housing Censes of 2010, adjusted for under-enumeration 2/ A measure showing the number of dependents (aged 0-14 and over the age of 65) to the total working population (aged 15-64) : Economic Planning Unit and Department of Statistics Malaysia 4

13 Unit Population by Ethnic Group 1/ Malaysian Citizens '000 26,993 27,322 27,652 28,121 Bumiputera '000 18,355 18,547 18,803 19,123 Malay '000 14,868 15,023 Other Bumiputera '000 3,488 3,524 Chinese '000 6,478 6,553 Indian '000 1,890 1,965 Others ' ,231 15,489 3,573 3,633 6,636 6,749 1,936 1, Non-Citizens 2/ '000 2,670 2,888 3,072 3,125 TOTAL '000 29,663 30,210 30,724 31,246 Note Source : 1/ Population projection based on the Population and Housing Census of 2010, adjusted for under-enumeration 2/ Includes permanent residents, foreign workers with work permits, expatriates and foreign students : Economic Planning Unit and Department of Statistics Malaysia 5

14 Unit Labour Force Labour force '000 13, , , ,219.0 Labour Force Participation Rate: Total 1/ % Male 2/ % Female 3/ % Unemployment Rate % of labour force Employment Total '000 12,773 13,179 13,533 13,775 Agriculture % of total Mining % of total Manufacturing % of total Construction % of total Services % of total Note : 1/ Total number of economically active people as a percentage of the working age population of 15 to 64 years 2/ Total number of economically active people as a percentage of males in the working age population 3/ Total number of people economically active as a percentage of females in the working age population Source : Economic Planning Unit and Department of Statistics Malaysia 6

15 3. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (p) 2016 (e) RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. 3.1 Supply (in constant 2010 prices) Agriculture Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Construction Services Electricity, gas and water Transport, storage and communications Wholesale and retail trade, motor vehicles, accommodation, food and beverage Finance and insurance, real estate and business services Government services Other services Plus: Import duties GDP at purchasers' value , , , Demand (in constant 2010 prices) Private expenditure Consumption Investment Public expenditure Consumption Investment Exports of goods and services Imports of goods and services GDP at purchasers' value 1/ , , , Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate 1/ Includes change in stock Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 7

16 Unit (p) RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. RM billion % p.a. 3.3 Savings and Investment Gap Savings (current prices) % of GNI Investment (current prices) 1/ % of GNI Resource Balance (current prices) % of GNI Production of Major Commodities Rubber '000 tonnes Crude palm oil '000 tonnes 18, , , , Sawlogs '000 cu. m 2/ 15, , , , Tin 000 tonnes Crude oil & condensates '000 bpd 3/ Natural gas mmscfd 4/ 6, , , , Note Source : (p) Preliminary 1/ Includes change in stock 2/ Cubic metres 3/ Barrels per day 4/ Million standard cubic feet per day : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 8

17 GDP, CONSUMPTION AND INVESTMENT, Annual change (%) 30 STRUCTURE OF PRODUCTION, Share to GDP (%) GDP Consumption Investment '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16(e) Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia ' ' ' ' ' '16(e) Services Manufacturing Mining and quarrying Agriculture Construction Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 9

18 Selected Industries Index % p.a. Index % p.a. Index % p.a. Index % p.a. 3.5 Industrial Production Index 1/ (2010 =100) Manufacturing 2/ Export-Oriented Industries Electronics and electrical products Chemicals and chemical products Petroleum products 3/ Textiles, wearing apparel and footwear Wood and wood products Rubber products Off-estate processing Paper products Domestic-Oriented Industries Non-metallic mineral products Fabricated metal products Basic iron and steel and non-ferrous metal Transport equipment Food products Construction-related products Beverages Tobacco products Others Annual change (%) MANUFACTURING PRODUCTION INDEX, '13 '14 '15 Overall manufacturing Export-oriented manufacturing Domestic-oriented manufacturing Note : 1/ This index covers mining, manufacturing and electricity sectors as defined under the Malaysian Standard Industrial Classification (MSIC) / The index covers 102 out of the 194 manufacturing industries, which accounted for 89.7% of the value of total manufacturing gross output and 86.1% of the value-add in the 2005 Economic Census 3/ Includes natural gas Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 10

19 Level % p.a. Level % p.a. Level % p.a. Level % p.a. 3.6 Distributive Trade Wholesale Value of sales (RM million) 429, , , , Number of workers ('000) Salaries and wages (RM million) 12, , , , Retail Value of sales (RM million) 284, , , , Number of workers ('000) Salaries and wages (RM million) 17, , , , Motor Vehicles Value of sales (RM million) 123, , , , Number of workers ('000) Salaries and wages (RM million) 5, , , , Total Value of sales (RM million) 836, , , ,007, Number of workers ('000) 1, , , , Salaries and wages (RM million) 35, , , , Sales per worker (RM) 533, , , , Salaries and wages per worker (RM) 22, , , , Source : Department of Statistics Malaysia 11

20 4. PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTS Unit (p) 2016 (e) 4.1 Federal Government Finance Revenue RM billion % of GDP Direct taxes % of total Indirect taxes % of total Non-tax revenue % of total Non-revenue receipts % of total Operating Expenditure RM billion % of GDP Emoluments % of total Pension and gratuities % of total Debt service charges % of total Supplies and services % of total Subsidies % of total Asset acquisition % of total Grants and transfers 1/ % of total Others 2/ % of total Development Expenditure RM billion (Gross) % of GDP Economic services % of total Social services % of total Security % of total General administration % of total Overall Surplus/Deficit RM billion % of GDP Sources of Finance (net) Domestic borrowing RM billion External borrowing RM billion Change in assets RM billion Consolidated Public Sector Finance Unit (p) 2016 (e) General Government Revenue RM billion Operating expenditure RM billion Current deficit RM billion % of GDP Non-Financial Public Enterprises (NFPEs) Current Balance RM billion % of GDP Public Sector Current Account Balance RM billion % of GDP Development Expenditure RM billion % of GDP Overall Balance RM billion % of GDP External Debt Debt service ratio % Total debt RM billion Medium-and-long term debt RM billion Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate based on BNM Annual Report 2015, breakdowns are based on MOF 2015/16 Economic Report 1/ Includes grants and transfers to state governments and grants to statutory bodies 2/ Includes refunds & write-offs and other expenditures not classified Source : Ministry of Finance and Bank Negara Malaysia Debt RM billion % of GDP

21 RM billion FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS, (e) '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 Overall Balance Revenue Development Expenditure Operating Expenditure Note : (e) Estimate based on BNM Annual Report 2015 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OPERATING EXPENDITURE BY OBJECT, Share to Total (%) '90 '95 '00 '05 '10 '16 (e) Emoluments Pension & gratuities Debt service charges Grants & transfers Supplies & services Subsidies Asset acquisition Others Note : (e) Estimate based on MOF Economic Report 2015/16 13

22 RM billion FEDERAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE, MALAYSIAN TAX STRUCTURE, RM billion DIRECT TAXES Company Income Tax Individual Income Tax 100 Petroleum Income Tax 80 Other Direct Taxes (e) '90 '95 '00 '05 '10 '15 '16 RM billion INDIRECT TAXES 50 Export Duties 40 Import Duties & Surtax Excise Duties Sales Tax 30 Services Tax (e) '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 Direct Taxes Indirect Taxes Non-Tax Revenue 0 (e) '90 '95 '00 '05 '10 '15 '16 Note : (e) Estimate based on MOF Economic Report 2015/16 Note : * The Goods and Services Tax (GST) was introduced at 6% in April 2015 (e) Estimate based on MOF Economic Report 2015/16 14

23 5. BALANCE OF PAYMENTS ITEM (p) 2016 (e) RM billion % of GNI RM billion % of GNI RM billion % of GNI RM billion % of GNI RM billion % of GNI 5.1 Goods (net) Exports Imports Services (net) Transportation Travel Other services Government transaction Primary Income (net) Secondary Income Current Account Balance (net) Capital and Financial Account Balance (net) Capital account Financial account Direct investment Portfolio investment Financial derivatives Other investment Overall balance Bank Negara Malaysia international reserves (net) / Months of retained imports / Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate 1/ As at 31 May 2016 Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 15

24 RM billion BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, RM billion BALANCE ON SERVICES AND INCOME, '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 Overall Balance Goods Services and Primary Income Current Account (e) -50 (e) '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 Transportation Travel Other Services Primary Income Financial Account Note: Data series from were compiled based on the partial Sixth Edition Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6), International Monetary Fund. Data series from 2010 onwards were compiled based on the Sixth Edition Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6), with the treatment on Good for Processing (GFP). GFP are goods that are sent abroad by an owner to a processor country for processing and subsequently returned to the owner or exported to third party, without a change of ownership. GFP are excluded from the goods accounts, with only the processing fees included in the services account. 16

25 6. BURSA MALAYSIA / 6.1 Composite Index 1, , , , , Market Valuation (RM billion) 1, , , , , Selected World Stock Market Indices Dow Jones, New York 13, , , , ,787.2 Nikkei, Tokyo 10, , , , ,235.0 Hang Seng, Hong Kong 22, , , , , New Listings (number of companies) 2/ Main Market (Main Board) 3/ ACE Market (Mesdaq Market) 4/ Total Listed Companies (number of companies) Main Market (Main Board) 3/ ACE Market (Mesdaq Market) 4/ Total Note : 1/ As at end of May / FTSE Bursa Malaysia KLCI starting from 6 July / Main Board was renamed as Main Market (effective 3 August 2009) to include Second Board 4/ Mesdaq was renamed as Ace Market effective 3 August 2009 Source : Bursa Malaysia 17

26 / Volume Value Volume Value Volume Value Volume Value Volume Value (billion units) (RM billion) (billion units) (RM billion) (billion units) (RM billion) (billion units) (RM billion) (billion units) (RM billion) 6.6 Turnover 2/ Consumer products Industrial products Construction Trading/Services Technology Finance Hotels Properties Plantation Mining Trusts /REITs 3/ Infrastructure project companies Closed End Fund Exchange Traded Fund SPAC 4/ Loans Bond Islamic Call Warrants Board/ STRCWARR Grand Total Note : Figures are inclusive of Direct Business 1/ As at end of May / Main Market and ACE Market (Main Board, Second Board and Mesdaq Market) 3/ Real Estate Investment Trusts 4/ Special Purpose Acquisition Company Source : Bursa Malaysia 18

27 7. APPROVED INVESTMENT PROJECTS Unit Approved Investment Projects Number of projects approved Potential employment '000s Total proposed capital investment RM million 41,126 52,101 71,853 74,693 Domestic % of total Foreign % of total Foreign Investment in Approved Projects (by Selected Country) Total RM million 20,919 30,536 39,593 21,942 Australia % of total France % of total Germany % of total Japan % of total Singapore % of total Taiwan % of total United Kingdom % of total United States of America % of total Others % of total Source : Malaysian Investment Development Authority 19

28 Unit Proposed Capital Investment in Approved Projects (by Selected Industry) Food manufacturing % of total Textiles and textile products % of total Wood and wood products % of total Paper, printing and publishing % of total Chemicals and chemical products % of total Petroleum and petrochemical products % of total Rubber products % of total Plastic products % of total Non-metallic mineral products % of total Basic metal products % of total Fabricated metal products % of total Machinery and equipment % of total Electronics and electrical products % of total Transport equipment % of total Others % of total TOTAL RM billion Source : Malaysian Investment Development Authority CAPITAL INVESTMENT IN APPROVED MANUFACTURING SECTOR PROJECTS, Investment (RM billion) '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 No. of Projects 1,600 Foreign Investment Domestic Investment Number of Projects (RHS) 1,400 1,200 1,

29 8. EXTERNAL SECTOR Unit (p) 2016 (e) Total Trade RM billion 1, , , , , Gross Exports RM billion Manufactured RM billion Agriculture RM billion Mining RM billion Gross Imports RM billion Capital goods RM billion Intermediate goods RM billion Consumption goods RM billion Trade Balance RM billion Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate by EPU based on BNM Annual Report 2015 Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 21

30 Unit / 8.3 Destination of Exports ASEAN % of total North East Asia 2/ % of total Japan % of total EU 28 3/ % of total United States of America % of total Sources of Imports North East Asia 2/ % of total ASEAN % of total EU 28 3/ % of total Japan % of total United States of America % of total Trade Prices and Terms of Trade Export Price Index Index (2010=100) Import Price Index Index (2010=100) Terms of Trade Index (2010=100) Note : 1/ January-April / China, Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan 3/ 28 European Union countries Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and Department of Statistics Malaysia 22

31 Manufa Manufactured ctured DIVERSIFICATION OF EXPORTS, 1990 AND 2015 (% of Total) Manufactur ed Manufactured Oil & gas 16.7 Forestry 9.6 y 9.6 Tin RM79.6 billion Palm oil 6.3 Others 3.8 Rubber 3.8 Oil & gas 9.4 Forestry 0.8 Tin 0.3 Rubber 0.5 Others 3.0 Palm oil RM799.9 billion 23

32 Interme diate Intermediate goods 65.4 goods 65.4 DIVERSIFICATION OF IMPORTS, 1990 AND 2015 (% of Total) Intermediate Intermediat goods e goods Others 3.6 Capital goods 18.9 Consumption Consu goods mption 7.6 goods RM79.1 billion Others 4.1 Import Import for reexport re-export for Capital goods 14.0 Import for re-exports 15.1 Consumption Consumpti goods on goods RM683.0 billion 24

33 8.6 Trade Balance by Main Trading Partner (RM billion) COUNTRY / Exports Imports Balance Exports Imports Balance Exports Imports Balance Exports Imports Balance Exports Imports Balance North America United States of America Canada EU France Germany Netherlands United Kingdom ASEAN Brunei Indonesia Philippines Singapore Thailand Far East Japan China NIEs Hong Kong South Korea Taiwan West Asia Australia TOTAL (including others) Note : 1/ January-April 2016 Source : Department of Statistics Malaysia 25

34 MALAYSIA S EXPORTS BY DESTINATION, 1990 AND 2015 (% to Total) Rest of the World 17.6 NIEs 11.2 North Americ North America a 18.1 Rest of the World 9.3 NIEs 10.0 EU 15.5 Far East 17.9 North America 10.1 Far East 24.9 EU 10.4 ASEAN RM79.6 billion ASEAN RM779.9 billion Brunei 1.0 Indonesia 4.0 Philippines 4.6 Thailand 12.0 Singapore 77.8 Philippines 6.0 Others 1/ 11.0 Indonesia 13.3 Thailand 20.3 Singapore 49.5 MALAYSIA S IMPORTS BY ORIGIN, 1990 AND 2015 (% to Total) Rest of the World 10.8 NIEs 10.0 Rest of the World 16.3 NIEs 11.5 Note: 1/ Including Brunei, Vietnam, Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia North Americ North America a Far East 26.0 North America 8.8 Far East 26.7 EU 16.1 EU 10.2 ASEAN 26.6 ASEAN RM79.1 billion 2015 RM685.4 billion Brunei Indonesia Philippines 2.8 Thailand 12.5 Singapore 77.7 Philippines 3.6 Others 1/ 11.4 Thailand 22.9 Indonesia 17.0 Singapore

35 8.7 Tourist Arrivals by Region REGION / % of million million % of million % of million % of millio % of Total Total Total Total n Total ASIA ASEAN Eastern Asia Southern Asia Western Asia Central Asia AMERICA Northern America Southern America OCEANIA EUROPE Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe AFRICA OTHERS Number of tourist (million) TOURIST ARRIVALS, TOTAL Note : 1/ January-March 2016 Source : Tourism Malaysia 0 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 ASEAN East Asia America & Europe Others 27

36 9. PRIVATISATION 9.1 Privatisation Achievement Total Projects Privatised (as at 31 Dec 2015): 754 Existing projects 698 New projects 56 Jobs eliminated from Government payroll 113,487 Savings (RM billion): Capital Expenditure Operating Expenditure 9.3 Proceeds from Sales of Government Equity and Assets 6,483.8 Market Capitalisation (as at 31 December 2015): RM billion % of total Bursa Malaysia capitalisation 17.7 Construction 29.3 SECTORAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRIVATISED PROJECTS, (% of Total) Transport, Transport, Storage & & Communications Comunicatio 11.9 ns 11.9 Total Projects: 754 Agriculture & Forestry 4.4 Electricity, Gas & Water 7.3 Source : Public-Private Partnership Unit (UKAS), Prime Minister's Department Manufacturin Manufacturing g Mining & Quarrying 3.5 Other Services 7.0 Government Services 7.3 Finance, Real Estate & Business Services 7.7 Wholesale & Retail Trade, Hotel & Restaurant

37 10. ENERGY AND INFRASTRUCTURE (p) ktoe 1/ % of Total ktoe 1/ % of Total ktoe 1/ % of Total ktoe 1/ % of Total 10.1 Final Energy Consumption, by Source Petroleum products 27, , , , Electricity 10, , , , Natural gas 10, , , , Coal and coke 1, , , , Total 49, , , , (e) 10.2 Electricity - Demand and Supply Peak demand (Megawatt) 17,815 19,219 19,845 21,615 Installed capacity (Megawatt) 24,400 24,970 24,785 28,173 Reserve margin (%) Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate 1/ ktoe = kilo tonne of oil equivalent Source : Economic Planning Unit; Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water; Energy Commission; Tenaga Nasional Berhad; Sabah Electricity Sdn Bhd; and Sarawak Energy Berhad 29

38 Gas 66.5 GENERATION MIX OF ELECTRICITY, 1995 AND 2015 (% of Total) Gas 40.1 Oil 0.4 Hydro 11.3 Others 1.5 Coal 9.7 Oil 11.0 Hydro 14.4 Coal 43.0 Others ,813 GWH ,843 GWH 30

39 Unit Roads by Surface Type Paved km 143, , ,694 Unpaved km 39,687 46,165 49,094 TOTAL km 182, , , Railway Inter-city daily ridership '000s KTM Komuter daily ridership '000s Light Rail daily ridership '000s Total freight traffic '000 tonnes 6,096 6,622 7,136 4,129 Container handling TEU's 1/ 331, , , , Air Traffic No. of Passengers Domestic million International million TOTAL (including transit) million Cargo Handled Domestic tonnes ,137 International tonnes ,290 TOTAL (including transit) tonnes , , Ports Composition of Cargo Throughput General cargo million tonnes Dry bulk cargo million tonnes Liquid bulk cargo million tonnes Containerized cargo million tonnes TOTAL million tonnes Note Source : 1/ Twenty-foot equivalent units (million) : Economic Planning Unit, Department of Statistics Malaysia, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Works, Land Public Transport Commission and Malaysia Airports Holdings Berhad 31

40 11. QUALITY OF LIFE Index (p) Point Change, Malaysian Well-Being Index (2000 = 100) Economic Well-being Transport Communications Education Income & Distribution Working Life Social Well-being Housing Leisure Governance Public Safety Social Participation Culture Health Environment Family Composite Index Note : (p) preliminary Source : Economic Planning Unit Environment Health Culture Social Participation INDICES OF COMPONENT 2000, 2010 AND 2014 Family Public Safety Transport Communications s Leisure Education Housing Income and Distribution Working Life Governance (p) 32

41 11.2 Selected Social Indicators Unit Working Life Trade disputes number Working days lost number of days Strike number Number of workers involved in strike number Industrial and commuting accidents number ' (p) Utilities/Facilities Private motorcars and motorcycles per 1,000 population 1, , , ,137.3 Telephone fixed lines per 1,000 population Cellular phones per 1,000 population 1,425 1,438 1,483 1,438 Broadband subscribers 1/ per 1,000 household Total road mileage km 182, , ,788 Total railway tracks km 2,681 2,681 2,685 2,771 (p) Average daily newspaper circulation per 1,000 population Health Population-doctor ratio persons Crude birth rate per 1,000 population (p) 16.9 (e) Crude death rate per 1,000 population (p) 4.8 (e) Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births (p) 6.2 (e) Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births (p) Life expectancy at birth years (p) 74.7 (e) 74.8 Male years (p) 72.5 (e) 72.5 Female years (p) 77.2 (e) 77.4 Beds in hospitals 2/ number 38,978 39,728 40,260 Note : (p) Preliminary (e) Estimate 1/ Non-private household and public WiFi subscriptions are not taken into account 2/ Includes government hospitals and special medical institutions Source : Economic Planning Unit, Department of Statistics Malaysia, Ministry of Works, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Transport, Industrial Relations Department, Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, National Registration Department, Social Security Organisation and the World Bank World Development Indicator 33

42 Unit Education Literacy rate 15 years and above % years and above % Enrolment Primary school 1/ % Lower secondary school 2/ % Upper secondary school 3/ % Tertiary 4/ total ('000) 1,009 1,067 Pupil-teacher ratio Primary pupils Secondary pupils Utilities Electricity coverage: rural housing units 5/ % of population Water coverage % of population Low-cost house and flat completed number 5,155 5,995 6,976 3,110 Environment Air quality % of stations with API < Water quality % of clean rivers Forested land % of total land Family Marriages number 215, , ,674 56,997 6/ Divorces number 39,447 39,335 42,014 7,256 6/ Average household size number Social Participation Membership in residents associations number 4,542 3,468 3,941 5,740 Safety Crimes 7/ per 1,000 population Road accidents (Fatality Index) per 10,000 vehicles Note : 1/ Includes schools under Ministry of Education, private schools, state religious primary schools, people religious primary schools 2/ Includes schools under Ministry of Education, private schools, MARA Junior Science Colleges, Royal Military College, state religious secondary schools, people religious secondary schools 3/ Data refers to enrolment in form four and form five, which includes schools under Ministry of Education, private schools, MARA Junior Science Colleges, Royal Military College, state religious secondary schools, people religious secondary schools 4/ Excludes pre-university (e.g. matriculation, pre-diploma and certificate) enrolment 5/ Electricity coverage in urban areas is universal 6/ Data refers to non-muslims only 7/ Data based on violent crime and property crime Source : Economic Planning Unit, Department of Statistics Malaysia, Ministry of Works, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, National Registration Department, Department of Islamic Development Malaysia, Royal Malaysian Police, Road Safety Department Malaysia, National Water Services Commission and Registrar of Society 34

43 11.3 Poverty 1/ Unit Female-Related Information Unit Incidence of poverty Overall % of households Rural % of households Urban % of households Incidence of hardcore poverty Overall % of households Rural % of households Urban % of households Female population % of population Female labour force % of labour force / Total female employed % / Female unemployment rate % / Female labour force participation rate % / Female primary school enrolment % Female secondary school enrolment 2/ % Female university enrolment % Female members in Parliament 3/ % of total members Note Source : 1/ Based on the Household Income Survey, which is conducted twice every 5 years 2/ Excludes Form Six enrolment in secondary schools 3/ Includes the Senate 4/ Updated based on population estimates 2015 : Economic Planning Unit; Department of Statistics Malaysia; Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development; Ministry of Education; and Ministry of Higher Education 35

44 12. INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON (e) 12.1 Real Gross Domestic Product Annual Growth (%) World Advanced Economies Germany Japan United Kingdom United States of America Other Advanced Economies Hong Kong South Korea Singapore Taiwan Emerging and Developing Countries ASEAN Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Thailand Vietnam China India Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and IMF World Economic Outlook April 2016 Annual change (%) REAL GDP GROWTH, '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16(e) Malaysia World Emerging and Developing Economies 36

45 Country (e) 12.2 Consumer Price Index (% Annual change) Advanced Economies Germany Japan United Kingdom United States of America Other Advanced Economies Hong Kong Singapore South Korea Taiwan Emerging Market and Developing Countries ASEAN Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Thailand Vietnam China India Note : (e) Estimate Source : Bank Negara Malaysia and IMF World Economic Outlook April 2016 Annual change (%) INFLATION RATE, '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16(e) Malaysia Advanced Economies Emerging and Developing Economies 37