Mariposa s Economy. June 9, 2012

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1 Mariposa s Economy June 9, 2012 United States Mint, 2005

2 Road Map CONTENTS 1. Profile of Mariposa residents 2. Tourism 3. Agriculture 4. Commuting into and out of Mariposa 5. Comparison to Amador, Calaveras & Tuolumne counties 6. Mariposa s economy 7. What Mariposa makes and buys 8. Potential strategies for a stronger economy IDEAS TO DISCUSS 1. Strong middle class, aging population 2. Anchor industry, costs & opportunities 3. Open space, strong linkages, modest income 4. More workers than jobs, many residents commute to jobs in neighboring counties 5. More hotel jobs, higher (but still low) wages 6. Job growth from self-employment, income growth from pensions & public benefits 7. Mariposa s economy is too small to capture many of the multipliers from local expenditures 8. - Stronger links between key sectors, e.g., food production and food consumption Support industries that pay higher wages and reach external markets, e.g., information technology, automotive repair, durable manufacturing, and recreation 2

3 Profile of Mariposa Residents Key points and opportunities: Population growth has slowed down The population of residents over 45 is growing Mariposa has a stronger middle class than the state Mariposa offers a stable, educated workforce for employers 3

Small population through 1970 20,000 18,000 17,130 18,251 Mariposa s population grew by less that 3,000 from 1930 through 1970 About 18,000 people now make their home in the county.

4 Small population through ,000 18,000 17,130 18,251 Mariposa s population grew by less that 3,000 from 1930 through 1970 About 18,000 people now make their home in the county. Population 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 11,108 14,302 6,000 5,605 5,145 5,064 6,015 4,000 3,233 2, Mariposa Main Street, California State Library, E. F. Mueller Postcard Collection Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970, Table 35: Age by Race and Sex, for Counties; 1980, Table 2: Land Area and Population, ; 1990, Table 140: Age, Sex, Ability to Speak English, and Disability; 2000, Table DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics; 2010, Table D001: Population 4

Growth most rapid from 1970 to 1980 Mariposa decade of greatest population growth since 1930 was from 1970 to 1980 2000 to 2010 1990 to 2000 1980 to 1990 7% 20% 29% The growth rate has slowed in each

5 Growth most rapid from 1970 to 1980 Mariposa decade of greatest population growth since 1930 was from 1970 to to to to % 20% 29% The growth rate has slowed in each subsequent decade Mariposa s population declined from 1940 to 1960 Decade 1970 to to % 85% 1950 to % 1940 to % 1930 to % -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% % Population Change Over the Decade Mariposa 1911, California State Library, E. F. Mueller Postcard Collection Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970, Table 35: Age by Race and Sex, for Counties; 1980, Table 2: Land Area and Population, ; 1990, Table 140: Age, Sex, Ability to Speak English, and Disability; 2000, Table DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics; 2010, Table D001: Population 5

Age mix of the population is changing Mariposa population

75-84 65-74 55-64 45-54 35-44 8,000 25-34 6,000 4,000

Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970,

46: Persons by Age for Counties; 1990, Table 140: Age,

6 Age mix of the population is changing Mariposa population is aging 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10, , ,000 4, , <5 Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970, Table 35: Age by Race and Sex, for Counties; 1980, Table 46: Persons by Age for Counties; 1990, Table 140: Age, Sex, Ability to Speak English, and Disability; 2000, Table DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics; 2010, DP-1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics 6

A more educated population 100% 90% Graduate or professional degree The share of residents without a high school diploma declined 78% since 1970 The share with some college increased 101% since 1970

e 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% Bachelor's degree So

7 A more educated population 100% 90% Graduate or professional degree The share of residents without a high school diploma declined 78% since 1970 The share with some college increased 101% since 1970 Mariposa offers a stable, educated workforce for employers % of Population 25+ Years of Age 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% Bachelor's degree Some college, no B.A. degree High school graduate 20% 9th to 12th grade, no diploma 10% Less than 9th 0% grade Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970, Table 120, Educational and Family Characteristics for Counties; 1980, Table 175, Educational Characteristics for Counties; 1990, Table 142, School Enrollment and Educational Attainment; 2000, DP-2: Profile of Selected Social Characteristics; and U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Table S1501, Educational Attainment 7

Mariposa has a stronger middle class than the state Largershare of families with incomes $35,000 to $99,999 Largershare of families with incomes under $25,000 Smaller share of families with incomes

8 Mariposa has a stronger middle class than the state Largershare of families with incomes $35,000 to $99,999 Largershare of families with incomes under $25,000 Smaller share of families with incomes of $150,000 or more Percent of Families 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Less than $10,000 $10,000 to $14,999 $15,000 to $24,999 $25,000 to $34,999 $35,000 to $49,999 $50,000 to $74,999 $75,000 to $99,999 $100,000 to $149,999 $150,000 to $199,999 $200,000 or more Family Income Mariposa California Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Table DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics 8

9 Tourism Key points and opportunities: There are opportunities to capture a larger share of what tourists spend on trips to Yosemite for: automotive repair, entertainment, recreation, and restaurants There is an environmental cost for tourist trips 639 million pounds of greenhouse gases a year 9

29% of Yosemite visitors pass through Mariposa township 201,150 Entering and leaving the park through Mariposa in 2011: 422,988 vehicles 1,141,083 people 395,178 Yosemite is often one stop on trips

10 29% of Yosemite visitors pass through Mariposa township 201,150 Entering and leaving the park through Mariposa in 2011: 422,988 vehicles 1,141,083 people 395,178 Yosemite is often one stop on trips with 422,988 destinations throughout California This is Mariposa s competition 445,426 Outside-the-park Mariposa could become a destination for more visitors Source: National Park Service Public Use Statistics Office, Traffic Count and Comparison reports for

11 Visitors to Mariposa in 2010 spent an estimated $726 million on their trips $141 million in hotel revenue in Mariposa County in 2010 reported by U.S. B.E.A. Scaling the U.S. tourism model to this level of hotel revenue, Mariposa tourists spent $726 million: $99 million on restaurants and bars $50 million on personal goods and services $18 million on rental housing $7 million on car repair Mariposa may be able to capture a larger share of expenditures made on these trips Hotels & motels Airlines Restaurants & bars Other goods & srv. Gasoline & other petro. Travel agents Retail stores Rental cars Wholesale & trans. srv. Other Gambling Rental housing Other recreation Spectator sports Participant sports Gasoline Automotive repair Movies & peformances Taxis Public transit Scenic sightseeing Railroads Inter-city buses Parking Charter buses Highway tolls Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 $160 Park survey data shows much higher expenditures than this model: $623 million inside the park 11 $643 million within 50 miles of the park Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TTSAs); IMPLAN input-output econometric model and 2010 data for Mariposa County Estimated 2010 Expenditures by Mariposa Tourists - $ Millions

Tourist trips to Yosemite create 639 million pounds of greenhouse gases a year 700,000,000 600,000,000 Private car trips to Yosemite use 159 million gallons of gasoline annually Annual greenhouse gas

200,000,000 Emissions from vehicle operation Emissions from refining and transporting petroleum Emissions from extracting petroleum 100,000,000 Gasoline Consumed 0 Gasoline Consumed Emissions

12 Tourist trips to Yosemite create 639 million pounds of greenhouse gases a year 700,000, ,000,000 Private car trips to Yosemite use 159 million gallons of gasoline annually Annual greenhouse gas emissions: 19 thousand tons from extracting the petroleum 43 thousand tons from refining and distribution 258 thousand tons from driving Pounds per Year 500,000, ,000, ,000, ,000,000 Emissions from vehicle operation Emissions from refining and transporting petroleum Emissions from extracting petroleum 100,000,000 Gasoline Consumed 0 Gasoline Consumed Emissions Produced Sources: Yosemite National Park Visitor Study, Summer 2009, conducted by the University of Idaho, for size of visitor groups, mode of transportation and gasoline expenditures; Yosemite National Park Annual Statistics report for annual number of visitors; California Department of Energy for price of gasoline; Argonne National Laboratory GREET1 (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation) simulation model for vehicle mileage and emission factors. Note: Only emissions from private light vehicles are shown; emissions from buses are not included. 12

13 Agriculture and Land Use Key points and opportunities: Cattle ranching preserves open space Ranch income is modest There are opportunities to sell more premium grass fed Mariposa Beef to hotels, restaurants and campers on their way to Yosemite 13

14 Agriculture and Yosemite National Park are crucial for Mariposa s rural character, covering roughly 2/3 of the county 14 Source: Mariposa County Planning Department

Rangeland used to raise cattle is Mariposa s primary agricultural activity Mariposa has 416,600 acres of rangeland 1,424 acres are devoted to other

All poultry Fruit & nuts Timber, cordwood Misc.

15 Rangeland used to raise cattle is Mariposa s primary agricultural activity Mariposa has 416,600 acres of rangeland 1,424 acres are devoted to other agricultural uses Cattle and rangeland account for 76% of agricultural revenue Cattle & calves Rangeland Eggs, etc. All poultry Fruit & nuts Timber, cordwood Misc. livestock Sheep & lambs Field crops Honey Red wine Irrigated pasture Ornamental plants Wool Nursery products White wine $0 $2 $4 $6 $8 $10 $12 $14 $16 Annual Value in $ Millions Source: Mariposa County Department of Agriculture, 2010 Agricultural Crop and Livestock Report 15

16 Workers Commuting Into and Out of Mariposa Key points: Mariposa does not have enough jobs for residents who work 28% of employed Mariposa residents work outside of the county 16

Employment Development Department, Labor

17 82% of the jobs in Mariposa are held by Mariposa residents 9% of jobs are held by Madera Co residents, 9% by residents of other counties Source: California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division using data from U.S. Census

28% of employed Mariposa residents find work outside of

Stanislaus, 11% in other counties There are 1.

Mariposa Tuolumne 263 18 Source: California Employment

18 28% of employed Mariposa residents find work outside of Mariposa County 6% work in Merced, 6% in Madera, 5% in Stanislaus, 11% in other counties There are 1.13 employed residents living in Mariposa for every job in Mariposa Tuolumne Source: California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division using data from U.S. Census 2000

19 Comparisons to Other Sierra Counties Key points: Compared to Amador, Calaveras and Tuolumne counties, Mariposa has: Many more hotel jobs Higher average wages 19

20 Mariposa has many more hotel jobs than neighboring counties on Hwy. 49 Mariposa s industry structure is much like that of Amador, Calaveras and Tuolumne counties, except: Fewer retail jobs Many more hotel jobs More federal jobs Fewer state jobs Hotels are a defining feature of Mariposa s economy Nonfarm proprietors Farm proprietors Total farm Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Transportation & wrhsng. Information Finance & insurance Real estate & rentals Professional & tech. srv. Health care & soc. assist. Arts, entertainment & rec. Hotels & restaurants Other services Federal government State government Local government 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% Percent of Jobs in 2009 Mariposa Amador, Calavera, Tuolumne Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners make up 27% of all hotel workers Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA25N, Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry 20

21 Mariposa has lower wages in some industries than neighboring counties on Hwy. 49 Amador, Calaveras and Tuolumne counties have achieved higher wage levels than Mariposa in: Manufacturing - 32% higher Transportation - 46% higher Information - 73% higher Finance - 111% higher Health care and social assistance - 54% higher Mariposa has higher wages in hotels and restaurants - 59% higher ALL JOBS Farms Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Transportation Information Finance Real estate Professional srv. Health, soc. asst. Arts, entertain. Hotels & restaur. Other serv. Federal govt. State govt. Local govt. -$10 $0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 $60 $70 $80 Average Annual Earnings in ,000s of Dollars Mariposa Amador, Calavera, Tuolumne Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA05N Personal income by major source and earnings by NAICS industry Table CA25N, Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry County Business Patterns 2009 used for Mariposa earnings in Health care and social assistance 21

22 Mariposa s Economy Key points and opportunities: Mariposa s population has grown faster than the number of jobs Since 1990, job growth has been through self-employment Hotels are the biggest employer 30% of all jobs Ranching and farming yield modest incomes Earned income has held steady; total income has increased as a result of pensions and public benefits Hotels, federal government and local government provide twothirds of total payroll Raising hotel wages could benefit Mariposa s economy 22

2,000 0 1969 1972 1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 So

23 Population is growing faster than jobs 20,000 18,000 16,000 Mariposa Population Total Number of Jobs in Mariposa From 1990 to 2009: Mariposa s population grew 23% The total number of jobs in Mariposa grew 12% 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA04 Personal income and employment summary Note: Includes all jobs wage and salary workers, proprietors, and self-employed persons 23

24 Entrepreneurs and self-employed persons are creating job growth Since 1990, there has been no growth in wage and salary jobs 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 Nonfarm proprietors employment Farm proprietors employment Most growth has been in non-farm proprietors, which include: 4,000 3,000 Wage and salary employment Business owners Self-employed persons 2,000 Under-the-table workers 1,000 Ranch and farm owners account for 3% of the labor force Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA04 Personal income and employment summary, Table CA25 Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry 24

25 Hotels are the biggest employer Six sectors accounted for 84% of all jobs in 2009: Hotels and motels 30% Other services (professional, personal, repair, health, social assistance) 16% Local government (county, schools, special districts) 14% Federal government 10% Finance, insurance and real estate 8% Construction 6% 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 Local government State government Federal government Other services Restaurants & bars Hotels & motels Finance, ins., real est. Retail trade Transportation & utilities Manufacturing Construction Farms Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA25 Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry 25

26 Steady or declining earnings for Mariposa workers Proprietor earnings in constant dollars declined 67% from 1969 to 1981, then held roughly constant Why did earnings decline? Earnings of wage and salary workers increased slightly over the past 25 years, but were 14% lower in 2009 than 40 years earlier, in 1969 Ranchers and farmers have lost money in every year but one since 1981 Average Annual Earned Income in 2011 $ $70,000 $60,000 $50,000 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 $0 -$10,000 -$20,000 -$30, Wage and Salary Workers Nonfarm Proprietors Farm Proprietors Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA04 Personal income and employment summary Earnings of wage and salary workers include only wage and salary disbursements, leaving out employer contributions for employee pension and insurance funds, and for government social insurance. 26

27 Federal jobs pay the most, ranches and farms the least Federal jobs pay the most and have wage growth State and local government pay has stayed roughly the same since the mid-1980s Manufacturing pay jumped Is this because of a business that makes variable process control instruments? Retail pay is increasing Hotel pay is declining Ranching and farming are hard ways to make a living Average Annual Earnings in 2011 $ $80,000 $70,000 $60,000 $50,000 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 $0 -$10,000 -$20, Sources, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis: Table CA05N Personal income by major source and earnings by NAICS industry, and Table CA25 Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry Note: Average earnings data includes wage and salary earnings, proprietor income, and employee benefits. Earnings are for jobs located in Mariposa County. Income data for ranches and farms is computed as gross receipts less production expenses, then the estimates of realized net income are modified by inventory change so that only the income and expenses from current production are measured. Corporate farms are excluded Year Moving Average Federal government State & local government Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Hotels, motels Finance, insur. & real Ranches & farms 27

Average income per person is growing When ALL sources of income are included, per capita income grew 33% from 1969 to 2009 Earned income stayed roughly the same However, Income from public benefits

$25,000 $20,000 $15,000 $10,000 $5,000 TOTAL PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME Per capita net earnings Per capita public benefits, U.I., retirement Per capita dividends, interest, and rent $0 1969 1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 Source, U.

28 Average income per person is growing When ALL sources of income are included, per capita income grew 33% from 1969 to 2009 Earned income stayed roughly the same However, Income from public benefits including Social Security, Unemployment Insurance and welfare increased 195% Income from dividends, interest and rent increased 77% Average Annual Per Capita Income in 2011 $ $40,000 $35,000 $30,000 $25,000 $20,000 $15,000 $10,000 $5,000 TOTAL PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME Per capita net earnings Per capita public benefits, U.I., retirement Per capita dividends, interest, and rent $ Source, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis: CA30 Regional economic profiles Note: Per capita income is calculated by dividing total personal income received by all Mariposa residents by the total population of Mariposa 28

29 Hotels, federal government and local government provide 65% of total payroll Hotels and motels provide 30% of jobs and 22% of payroll Local government provides 14% of jobs and 22% of payroll Federal government provides 10% of jobs and 21% of payroll Hunting, & trapping Ag. & forestry support Oil & gas extraction Support for mining Construction of buildings Heavy construction Specialty trade contractors Durable manufacturing Fabricated metal mfg. Furniture manufacturing Misc. manufacturing Nondurable mfg. Wholesale trade Vehicle & parts dealers Electronics & appl. stores Building material stores Food & beverage stores Health & pers. care stores Gasoline stations Clothing stores General merchandise Other retail Transport. & warehsg. Information Insurance carriers Real estate & rental Professional & tech. srv. Temp. agencies, etc. Ambulatory health care Social assistance Arts, entertainment, & rec. Accommodation Eating & drinking places Repair & maintenance Civic organizations Federal, civilian Military State government Local government Other nonfarm earnings $0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000 Annual Payroll - Thousands of 2009 $ Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA05 Personal income by major source and earnings by industry. Includes wage and salary earnings, proprietor income, and employee benefits. 29

What Mariposa Makes and Buys The Number Factory - IMPLAN Economic Model of Mariposa County Key points and opportunities: Mariposa s economy is too small to capture many of the multipliers from local

30 What Mariposa Makes and Buys The Number Factory - IMPLAN Economic Model of Mariposa County Key points and opportunities: Mariposa s economy is too small to capture many of the multipliers from local expenditures Some local needs are being fulfilled by businesses outside the county and present opportunities for local growth ( import substitution ) Some industries have stronger connections with the local economy and capture more multipliers 30

31 THE SAME DOLLAR IS SPENT MORE THAN ONCE, SO IT HAS MULTIPLE IMPACTS Estimating impacts of local economic multipliers Example: Construction Direct Impacts Construction Contractor Indirect Impacts Sub-Contractors, Suppliers & Professional Services Induced Impacts Employees of contractor spend earnings Induced Impacts Employees of suppliers spend earnings 31

Most of Mariposa s indirect and induced impacts spill over to other counties Every $1 spent in Mariposa generates additional multiplier impacts of: $.25 in Mariposa $.76 statewide in California $.

Public education payroll Petroleum gas distrib. Residential construction Other state & local govt. Financial invest.srv. Arch. & engineering srv. Instrument mfg.

32 Most of Mariposa s indirect and induced impacts spill over to other counties Every $1 spent in Mariposa generates additional multiplier impacts of: $.25 in Mariposa $.76 statewide in California $.98 nationwide in the U.S. Hotels Real estate & rentals Owner-occupied bldg. Restaurants & bars State & local gov. payroll Federal govt. payroll Recreation services Nonresidential const. Public education payroll Petroleum gas distrib. Residential construction Other state & local govt. Financial invest.srv. Arch. & engineering srv. Instrument mfg. Wholesale trade Fruit farming Cattle ranches & farms Sound recording Medical ofices Automotive repair Personal services Poultry & egg prod. Retail food & beverage Civic organizations $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 $160 Direct, Indirect & Induced Sources of Industry Income, Mariposa 2010, $ Millions Direct Output Indirect Output Induced Output Source: IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County: Output Summary and Industry Multipliers 32

33 LOCAL VS. IMPORTED SOURCES OF GOODS AND SERVICES BROKEN OUT BY COMMODITY In 2010, Mariposa produced an estimated 43% of what it bought The buying power of Mariposa residents could support growth in some industries: Nursing and residential care services Accounting Stronger connection to the buying power of tourists could expand the market for industries where all local demand is already fulfilled by local businesses: Restaurants Automotive repair Realtors & rentals Hospitals Restaurant & bars Wholesale trade Physicians, dentists Banks Nonresidential con. Residential const. Telecommunications Advertising services Sales financing Legal services Architecture & eng. Medical labs Nursing facilities Building services Retail - cars & parts Retail - food Retail - general Industrial instru. Truck transportation Accounting Automotive rental Animal food Automotive repair Poultry & eggs Cattle Agri. & forestry srv. Social services Poultry meat Printed materials Transit services Goods and Services Produced within Mariposa Imported Goods and Services $0 $10 $20 $30 $40 $50 Total Value in 2010 of Purchases in Mariposa - Millions $ 33 Source: IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County: Commodity Summary and Regional Purchase Coefficient

34 All multipliers rolled up to show total impacts of $100K income on Mariposa s economy When households receive $100,000 in income, the impact in Mariposa is $50,844 When cattle ranches receive $100,000 in income, the impact in Mariposa is $165,070 Impact in Mariposa County of $100K in Income $180,000 $160,000 $140,000 $120,000 $100,000 $80,000 $60,000 $40,000 $20,000 $0 Retail Households Instrument Manufacturing Residential Construction Restaurants Engineering & Related Srv. Hotels Performing Arts Cattle Ranching Federal Taxes State & Local Taxes Government Services Private Households Religious & Civic Personal & Repair Srv. Entertainment Restaurants & Hotels Social Services Health Care Private Education Business Support Srv. Professional Services Information Financial Activities Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Transportation & Wrhs. Nondurable Mfg. Durable Manufacturing Utilities Construction Agriculture & Extraction 34 Source: IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County: Commodity Summary and Regional Purchase Coefficient

35 Potential Strategies for a Stronger Economy 35

Strengthen connections between core strengths Mariposa s cornerstone

between key industries will benefit Mariposa Possible actions: 1.

Support efforts of the Sierra Foothill Conservancy to produce and market

Encourage restaurants and hotels to feature premium locally grown food 4.

36 Strengthen connections between core strengths Mariposa s cornerstone industries include: Hotels and restaurants Cattle ranching Increasing trade between key industries will benefit Mariposa Possible actions: 1. Promote premium grass-fed Mariposa Beef 2. Support efforts of the Sierra Foothill Conservancy to produce and market local beef 3. Encourage restaurants and hotels to feature premium locally grown food 4. Support other types of local food production farming, baking, etc. 5. Buy-local campaign for hotels and restaurants in YNP Ahwahnee Hotel dining room Main Street, Mariposa Fouch Farm, Mariposa

37 Support industries that pay higher wages and reach external markets Auto repair Manufacturing Outdoor adventure Software development Professional services including agriculture & forestry

38 Additional Information 38

39 Mariposa s population became older after % 37% 35% 46% Over the past decade: % Population 45 and older grew % Population under 45 declined % Population grew the most Population declined the most % 8% % % <5 3% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% % Population Change Declining Growing Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 2000, Table DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics; 2010, DP-1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics Note: Includes only persons whose primary residence is in Mariposa County 39

40 Tourists spend money on many things besides lodging The overall pattern of spending by tourists in the United States includes: 18% for lodging 15% for restaurants and bars 7% for gasoline 2% for automotive repair 2% for movies and performances 1% for participant sports 15% for other personal items (food, clothing, souvenirs, etc.) Mariposa is under-represented in some of these outlays Hotels & motels Restaurants & bars International airlines Domestic airlines Gasoline Gambling Travel agents Rental cars Other recreation Automotive repair Movies & peformances Boats Participant sports Spectator sports Taxis Public transit Tour companies Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Opportunity? Parking Local buses Railroads Inter-city buses Highway tolls Other rental vehicles Other $0 $25,000 $50,000 $75,000 $100,000 $125,000 $150,000 Millions of Dollars Spent by All Tourists in the U.S. in 2009 US Households Business Government Non-US Households 40 Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TTSAs)

A smaller share of adults work in Mariposa than in California Mariposa s rate of labor force participation for people 16+ years of age peaked in 2000 % of Persons 16+ Years of Age in the Labor Force

41 A smaller share of adults work in Mariposa than in California Mariposa s rate of labor force participation for people 16+ years of age peaked in 2000 % of Persons 16+ Years of Age in the Labor Force 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Mariposa California Sources, U.S. Census Bureau decennial censuses: 1970, Mariposa: Table 121, Employment Characteristics for Counties; 1980, Mariposa: Table 176, Labor Force Characteristics for Counties; 1970 and 1980, California: Selected Social and Economic Characteristics by Race; 1990, Mariposa: Table 144, Labor Force Characteristics; 1990, California: Table 131, Labor Force Characteristic s for Race and Hispanic Status; 2000, Mariposa and California: DP-3: Profile of Selected Economic Characteristics U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Table DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics 41

42 Mariposa has more lower-income families than neighboring counties on Hwy % of Mariposa families have incomes under $50k vs. 38% of families in Amador, Calaveras and Tuolumne counties And, 57% of Mariposa families have incomes of $50k or more vs. 62% of families in Amador, Calaveras and Tuolumne counties Percent of Families 22% 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Less than $10,000 $10,000 to $14,999 $15,000 to $24,999 Mariposa $25,000 to $34,999 $35,000 to $49,999 $50,000 to $74,999 $75,000 to $99,999 $100,000 to $149,999 $150,000 to $199,999 $200,000 or more Family Income Amador, Calaveras, Tuolumne Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Table DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics 42

43 Mariposa has a larger share of hotel jobs and a smaller share or wage and salary jobs than California Mariposa s workers are more likely than California workers to earn a living through their own business rather than through a conventional job The share of Mariposa s labor force who are farm proprietors is ten times greater than the state as a whole. The share of Mariposa s labor force employed by the lodging sector is four times greater than the state as a whole. Wage and salary jobs Nonfarm proprietors Farm proprietors Total farm Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Transportation & wrhsng. Information Finance & insurance Real estate & rentals Professional & tech. srv. Health care & soc. assist. Arts, entertainment & rec. Hotels & restaurants Other services Federal government State government Local government 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Percent of Jobs in 2009 Mariposa Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Table CA25N, Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry California 43

44 Federal jobs pay the most, ranches and farms lose money Federal jobs pay the most and have wage growth State and local government pay has stayed roughly the same since the mid-1980s Manufacturing pay jumped in 2001 and 2002 Is this because of an industry that manufactures variable process control instruments? Retail pay is increasing Hotel and motel pay is declining Ranching and farming is a hard way to make a living Average Annual Earnings in 2011 $ $80,000 $70,000 $60,000 $50,000 $40,000 $30,000 $20,000 $10,000 $0 -$10,000 -$20, Federal government State & local government Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Hotels & motels Finance, insur. & real estate Ranches & farms Sources, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis: Table CA05N Personal income by major source and earnings by NAICS industry, and Table CA25 Total full-time and part-time employment by NAICS industry Note: Average earnings data includes wage and salary earnings, proprietor income, and employee benefits. Earnings are for jobs located in Mariposa County. 44

45 LOCAL VS. IMPORTED SOURCES OF GOODS AND SERVICES PURCHASED BY HOTELS Hotels spent $142 million in 2010, $61 million for purchased commodities, with $18 million purchased in Mariposa County Mariposa might supply hotels with more: Office sites for management staff Restaurant and bar services from outside the Park Construction services from outside the Park Employment services Auto rentals Auto repair from outside the Park Backup lodging Meat Fruit and vegetables Passenger transportation Advertising Holding companies Restaurant & bar srv. Services to buildings Insurance Real estate services Building repairs, maint. Telecommunications Waste management Professional consulting Legal services Paper Accounting services Refined petroleum Petroleum gas Employment services Auto rental & leasing Printed materials Copyright, etc. fees Banks Water, sewage treat. Credit card srv. etc. Dry-cleaning Travel arrangement Automotive repair Machinery repairs Wholesale trade Computer memory Financial invest. srv. Copy centers Other hotels Meat Passenger transport. $0 $1,000 $2,000 $3,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 Estimated 2010 Purchases by Mariposa County Hotels - $1,000s Mariposa County Inputs Inputs from Outside Mariposa County Source: IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County: Industry Balance Sheet for Sector 411 Hotels and motels 45

Cattle ranches and farms spent $12 million in 2010, $10 million for purchased commodities, with $5 million purchased in Mariposa County Mariposa might be able to develop agriculture and forestry

Truck transportation Biological products Petroleum gas Spring & wire prod. Financial invest. srv. Pesticides Auto rental & leasing Priv. post-second. ed. Handtools Legal services Misc. mfg.

46 Cattle ranches and farms spent $12 million in 2010, $10 million for purchased commodities, with $5 million purchased in Mariposa County Mariposa might be able to develop agriculture and forestry services jobs Cattle Farm crop products Real estate services Banks Grains Refined petroleum Animal food Wholesale trade Agri. & forestry srv. Truck transportation Biological products Petroleum gas Spring & wire prod. Financial invest. srv. Pesticides Auto rental & leasing Priv. post-second. ed. Handtools Legal services Misc. mfg. products Warehousing Dairy products Accounting Motor vehicle parts Equipment leasing Water transportation Farm machinery $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 $3,500 Estimated 2010 Purchases by Mariposa County Ranches & Farms - $1,000s Mariposa County Inputs Inputs from Outside Mariposa County Source: IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County: Industry Balance Sheet for Sector 11 Cattle Ranching and Farming 46

47 Some industries, including hotels, depend on tourists Tourist expenditures account for only 3% of economic output in the U.S. economy Some industries are highly dependent on tourists: Charter and sightseeing buses 90%+ Hotels and motels 71% Recreation 25% Participant sports 24% Restaurants and bars 18% Gasoline service stations 12% Automotive repair 8% Rental housing 5% Scenic sightseeing 99% Inter-city buses 97% Travel agents 95% Charter buses 92% Airlines 75% Hotels & motels 71% Rental cars 59% Gambling 49% Taxis 34% Boats 26% Other recreation 25% Spectator sports 24% Participant sports 24% Restaurants & bars 18% Parking 16% Public transit 14% Movies & peformances 12% Gasoline 12% Other petroleum 8% Automotive repair 8% Highway tolls 7% Rental housing 5% Railroads 4% Retail stores 3% ALL U.S. INDUSTRIES 3% Wholesale & trans. srv. 2% Other goods & srv. 2% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Percent of Total U.S. Industry Sales Accounted for by Tourists Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Travel and Tourism Satellite Accounts (TTSAs) 47

48 Mariposa s economy added $492 million in value to products and services that were sold in 2010 Population 18,251 Total Employment 8,037 Total Personal Income $609,479,200 Household Spending $523,044,323 State/Local Government Spending $94,143,661 Federal Government Spending $18,201,410 Total Value Created in Mariposa $491,661,118 Total Sales (output) in Mariposa $885,217, Sources: U.S. Census 2010, Table DP-1, Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics; IMPLAN economic model version and 2010 data for Mariposa County.

49 Contact information Daniel Flaming Ponderosa Basin Download report at: 49

Kansas Department of Revenue Office of Policy and Research State Sales Tax Collections by NAICS

Kansas Department of Revenue Office of Policy and Research State Sales Tax Collections by NAICS January-10 February-10 March-10 April-10 111 Crop Production $ 26,331.97 $ 26,393.05 $ 69,200.44 $ 281,670.88 112 Animal Production $ 6,594.84 $ 6,705.43 $ 17,973.29 $ 8,190.77 114 Fishing, Hunting and