Social Transformation in the Information Society by William Dutton Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford

Transcription

1 Social Transformation in the Information Society by William Dutton Oxford Internet Institute University of Oxford For Loughborough University Consumer Panel Programme on Communications Regulation and Low Income Consumers, Ofcom, London, 29 November, 2004.

2 Digital Divides Digital Exclusion Digital Choice Significance of Inclusion

3 OxIS Multi-stage probability sample, projectable to England, Wales and Scotland 14 years and older Face to face interviews 2,030 respondents 66% response rate

4 The World Internet Project The World Internet Project (WIP) - 4th Year - Initiated 2000, UCLA, now USC - 15 nations (and expanding) - Oxford 2003 (WIP Conference) - The Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)

5 Use in Britain, 2003 N= 2,030 35% 59% Users Dropouts Non-users 6% Source: OxIS Source: Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), results of a nationwide representative survey of Britons aged 14 and older, 23 May- 28 June Number of respondents: 2,030.

6 HOUSEHOLDS LIKELY TO BE ON LINE IN A YEAR S TIME Staying off line 34% Household already on line 58% New to Internet 3% Newly connected user 5% Newly connected users: Already on line away from home and definitely or probably planning a household connection within a year. New to internet: Non-users planning household connection Staying off line: Non-users not planning household connection Source: Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), results of a nationwide representative survey of Britons aged 14 and older, 23 May- 28 June Number of respondents: 2,030.

7 Cross-National Use, circa % 71.1% 66.1% 60.9% 59.2% 60% 40% 50.4% 45.9% 40.8% 36.4% 32.9% 31.2% 20% 24.2% 17.5% 0% USA Sweden Korea Britain Japan Germany Source: Singapore Spain Macao Italy Taiwan Hungary

8 Percent Who Use the Internet: Lowest and Highest Economic Quartiles First Quartile (lowest) Fourth Quartile (highest) 100% 75% 50% 43% 90% 49% 93% 46% 74% 81% 66% 63% 55% 68% 63% 60% 43% 25% 24% 33% 28% 22% 18% 12% 11% 18% 24% 2% 0% USA Sweden Korea Britain Source: Japan Germany Singapore Spain Macao Italy Taiwan Hungary

9 New Broadband Divides in Britain, 2003 User already on broadband 11% Nonuser 41% User probably going on broadband 24% User not thinking of broadband 24% Source: Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), results of a nationwide representative survey of Britons aged 14 and older, 23 May- 28 June Number of respondents: 2,030.

10 Moore s Divide Internet as a bottleneck Keep pace with devices inside and outside households Intel s Digital Home Fund Supply push as well as demand pull

11 Digital Choice

12 Figure 1: BRITONS AND THE INTERNET Excluded 7% Negative 7% Informed Indifferent 18% Proxy User 9%* User 59% *Has asked someone to access Internet for them in the past year Source: Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), results of a nationwide representative survey of Britons aged 14 and older, 23 May- 28 June Number of respondents: 2,030.

13 Figure 4: INTERNET USE BY AGE Q. Do you yourself use the internet at home, work, school, college, or elsewhere? 100% 98% (% Users) 80% 60% 67% 40% 20% 22% 0% Pupils Working Age Retired Pupils: age years and in full time education. Working age: employed people of any age and all other persons not in employment up to age 55. Retired: 55 or over and are not in employment. Source: Oxford Internet Survey (OxIS), results of a nationwide representative survey of Britons aged 14 and older, 23 May- 28 June Number of respondents: 2,030.

14 Internet Use by Age, circa % 91% 95% 75% 50% 25% 75% 67% 50% 12% 80% 81% 73% 63% 39% 22% 60% 56% 32% 70% 32% 12% 66% 37% 9% 45% 14% 4% 0% USA Korea Britain Japan Germany Spain Italy Hungary Source:

15 Internet: an Experience Technology Experience shapes trust (confidence and perceived risk) Trust shapes use of the Internet

16 Percent of Users Who Purchase Online by Experience Less than 1 year 5 or more years 80% 66% 60% 40% 20% 0% 13% 50% 57% 50% 43% 45% 26% 26% 19% 14% 13% 7% 9% 0% 0% 6% 19% 2% 35% 7% 29% 14% 34% USA Sweden Korea Britain Japan Germany Singapore Spain Macao Italy Taiwan China (Urban) Source:

17 Societal Implications No Effect? Reinforcement? Transformation? Virtual Society? - Isolating or Connecting People?

18 Average Hours per Week Spent Socializing with Friends: Users vs. Non-users Users Non-users USA Sweden Korea Britain Japan Germany Singapore Taiwan Hungary Source:

19 Average Hours per Week Spent Socializing with Friends: Users vs. Non-users Users Non-users USA Sweden Korea Britain Japan Germany Singapore Taiwan Hungary Source:

20 Has the use of Internet increased or decreased your contact with your family and friends? Increased Stayed Same 100% 80% 73% 81% 79% 85% 63% 62% 60% 44% 52% 40% 20% 22% 11% 29% 19% 19% 8% 0% USA Sweden Germany Spain Italy Hungary China (Urban) Source:

21 Average Number of Online Friends Met in Person USA Korea Japan Singapore Spain Macao Hungary China (Urban) Source:

22 Number of Online Friends Never Met in Person USA Korea Japan Singapore Macao Hungary China (Urban) Source:

23

24

25 General Points of Conclusion Exclusion will remain an issue Digital choice merits more attention Initiatives should enable experience online The Internet and related ICTs are potentially transformative -- reconfiguring access Exclusion undermines the communicative power of individuals, communities, and regions

26 Further Information Dutton, W. H. (2004), Social Transformation in the Information Society (Paris: UNESCO WSIS Publication Series).