February 2018 CPM 2018/17 E COMMISSION ON PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES Thirteenth Sessin Rme, 16-20 April 2018 e-cmmerce - IPPC Activities n e-cmmerce Agenda item 11.6 Prepared by the IPPC Secretariat I. Backgrund 1. The tpic f e-cmmerce f plants was discussed during the 22nd Technical Cnsultatin amng Reginal Plant Prtectin Organizatins (TC-RPPO) in 2010 1. Fllwing these recmmendatins, in 2012, the Implementatin Review and Supprt System (IRSS) cnducted a study n Internet Trade (e-cmmerce) in Plants: Ptential Phytsanitary Risks 2. During CPM-7 (2012), a special tpic sessin was rganized n internet trade. The tpic f e-cmmerce was discussed during CPM-8, and after further cnsultatin, a CPM-Recmmendatin 014/14 n Internet Trade (E- Cmmerce) in Plants and ther Regulated Articles was adpted at CPM-09 3. 2. A special sessin was rganized during CPM-12 (2017), which aimed t: emphasize the CPM-9 Recmmendatin n e-cmmerce and its implementatin s far; 1 The reprt f the 22nd TC-RPPO is available at https://www.ippc.int/en/2010---22nd-tc-amng-rpps-/ 2 The IRSS study Internet Trade (e-cmmerce) in Plants: Ptential Phytsanitary Risks is available at https://www.ippc.int/en/irss/activities/2/ 3 The CPM-09 Recmmendatin 014/14 is available at https://www.ippc.int/sites/default/files/dcuments/20140127/cpm_2014_14_cpm_recmmendatins_2014-01- 26_201401270647--202.46%20KB.pdf This dcument is printed in limited numbers t minimize the envirnmental impact f FAO's prcesses and cntribute t climate neutrality. Delegates and bservers are kindly requested t bring their cpies t meetings and t avid asking fr additinal cpies. Mst FAO meeting dcuments are available n the Internet at www.fa.rg
2 CPM 2018/17 raise awareness n the phytsanitary risk assciated with e-cmmerce; share experiences n e-cmmerce in relatin t phytsanitary risk in rder t: develp mechanisms fr cllabrating with e-cmmerce traders t reduce phytsanitary risks; prmte cmpliance by custmers and traders perating thrugh e-cmmerce; strengthen crdinatin with pstal and express curier services; highlight phytsanitary risks psed by the pathway; and facilitate the implementatin f the CPM-9 Recmmendatin. 3. During this sessin, the latest initiatives n e-cmmerce by internatinal rganizatins such as the Wrld Trade Organizatin, the Wrld Custm Organizatin and the Cnventin n Bilgical Diversity were presented. 4. Fr the first time, key stakehlders frm the private sectr, namely Glbal Express Assciatin (federating the main carriers such as DHL, Fedex and UPS) and ebay, ne f the majr e-traders, prvided their views and received recmmendatins t take phytsanitary cnsideratins int accunt in their activities. 5. The Natinal Plant Prtectin Organizatins f Australia and the Republic f Krea shared their experiences f awareness raising and technlgies t manage phytsanitary risks thrugh e-cmmerce. All speakers cnvened in a panel t discuss cncrete activities t further implement the IPPC recmmendatin n e-cmmerce. CPM 12 requested that the Bureau cnsider a way frward during its June 2017 meeting 4. 6. The CPM-12 (2017) special tpic sessin n e-cmmerce prpsed further actins that are summarized in Annex 1, and include: Enhance cllabratin amng internatinal rganizatins: Cllabrate further at the natinal level Identify and reprt risks t e-traders Engage express delivery cmpanies can (DHL Express, Fedex, UPS, TNT) Raise awareness f suppliers, transprters and ther rganizatins and the general public. 7. The CPM-12 recmmendatins n e-cmmerce are prvided in Annex 1. II. Cnclusins frm the June meeting f the CPM Bureau 8. During its June 2017 meeting, the CPM Bureau cnducted a telecnference n e-cmmerce with William Jhn Gain (Wrld Bank), Ana Hinjsa (WCO), Mike Carsn (e-bay), Crry Martin (APHIS USDA) and Deepmar Mist (Glbal Express Assciatin). Participants shared their experience with regulating cnsignments mving in e-cmmerce and dealing with nn-cmpliance including incrrect declaratin f imprted gds, frgery, tax evasin, lack f knwledge n imprt/exprt regulatins, duty exemptins r illegal trade f banned prducts. 9. The Bureau recmmended that e-cmmerce issues culd be addressed thrugh the Trade Facilitatin Agreement and suggested that the Secretariat shuld wrk with Bureau members t undertake the fllwing actins: 1) Prepare a cncise factsheet n e-cmmerce addressed t NPPOs and cllate a cntact list stakehlders/websites invlved in e-cmmerce in cperatin with APHIS t be psted n the IPP n restricted pages. 4 IPPC CPM-12 (2017) E-cmmerce (Internet trade) f plants Special Tpic Sessin held in Inchen, Krea http://phytsanitary.inf/activity/ippc-cpm-12-2017-ecmmerce-internet-trade-plants-special-tpic-sessin-held-inchen-krea
CPM 2018/17 3 2) Cntact ther e-cmmerce players like Amazn t raise the imprtance f the issue (thrugh their Directrs if necessary). 3) Engage Universal Pstal Unin in cperatin. 4) Draft standardized infrmatin fr thse stakehlders with a list f key traded cmmdities that present a phytsanitary risk and advice t cntact relevant NPPO. 5) Participate in the WCO subgrups fr traders representing different stages in trade chains IC t select champins fr watch tpic r use FAO Representatives. 6) Create an umbrella wrk prgramme n e-cmmerce, ephyt, PCE, etc. within the TFA/Wrld Bank, wrk within the 3 sisters, rganize the IPPC Seminar during the SPG with the Wrld Bank after which mre cncrete actins shuld be discussed again by the Bureau. 7) Prepare a jint publicatin with WCO based n the WCO manual. 8) Prepare a draft summary with an Actin Plan fr the next 3 years regarding TFA that wuld include e-cmmerce recmmendatins (currently unfunded). The Plan will be discussed during the SPG in Octber. The Plan wuld culminated in a 2020 cnference/sympsium t be dedicated t the implementatin f the TFA. III. Participatin in the WCO E-cmmerce Wrking Grup 10. On the 11th f Octber 2017, the IPPC-Secretariat participated in the WCO e-cmmerce wrking grup held in Brussels (BE) t present its activities. 11. Cntacts were made with Amazn, Internatinal Air Transprt Assciatin (IATA), Alibaba and Universal Pstal Unin. 12. The WCO was psitive abut the drafting f a jint manual n plant health and e-cmmerce. IV. Cnclusins frm the SPG and the Octber meeting f the CPM Bureau 13. The SPG was updated n activities cnducted and planned n e-cmmerce. 14. Cncrete prpsed activities were the fllwing: Develp cperatin with institutins and stakehlders (attending relevant meetings) Prepare a factsheet n e-cmmerce addressed t NPPOs with a cntact list f stakehlders/websites invlved (in cperatin with APHIS) Draft standardized infrmatin fr thse stakehlders with a list f key cmmdities and advice t cntact relevant NPPO Prepare a jint publicatin with WCO (WCO is in agreement) Develp a webpage n the IPP n e-cmmerce Develp a vide r tutrials n e-cmmerce t raise awareness Cnvene an ad hc wrking grup with relevant stakehlders Cnsider harmnizing risk assessment with the 2 sisters n the basis f the WCO risk assessment 15. The SPG and the Bureau during its Octber meeting requested that these activities be csted t be further discussed during the December and June CPM Bureau. The Bureau agreed that n activities wuld be undertaken withut extra-budgetary resurces allcated. V. Recmmendatins frm the 1st Implementatin and Capacity Develpment Cmmittee (IC) 16. The IC discussed the pssible activities n e-cmmerce and agreed that: The IC shuld crdinate the varius e-cmmerce activities t ensure an ptimal cllabratin between all relevant grups;
4 CPM 2018/17 a virtual meeting shuld be cnvened with all relevant stakehlders t identify gaps in technical resurces and plan fr the crdinated develpment f resurces targeting different audiences (factsheet, publicatin, vide, etc.); the pstal services, ASYCUDA (Autmated System fr Custms Data) and the Wrld Bank may be added t the stakehlders t be invlved t cnduct the future e-cmmerce activities. a call fr cllecting e-cmmerce related technical resurces shuld be issued and the resurces cllected wuld be psted n the phytsanitary.inf webpage after due review by the IC; cllabratin shuld be sught with the FAO fd safety unit. mre clarity is needed n the risk assessment undertaken by three sisters and the Wrld Custms Organizatin (WCO). The system whereby sme prducts can be flagged warranting clser inspectin and risk assessment shuld be targeted. The pssibility t discuss this with WCO and the sisters shuld be envisaged. 17. The CPM is asked t cnsider all actins being undertaken by the Secretariat n the tpic and: 1) Nte the activities undertaken; 2) Request the Bureau t cnsider a wrk plan as a prject-based funding (if n extra budgetary resurces are made available the Secretariat will nt take any specific actin in this area). 3) Prvide the IPPC Secretariat with updates n related e-cmmerce actins in their regin t the IPPC Secretariat, if any.
CPM 2018/17 5 Annex 1: Prpsal t wrk cllabratively n e-cmmerce fllwing the CPM-12 (2017) special tpic sessin 1. The CPM-12 (2017) special tpic sessin n e-cmmerce allwed t frmulate the fllwing recmmendatins. Enhance cllabratin amng internatinal rganizatins: IPPC t cntinue mnitring the issue f phytsanitary risks related t e-cmmerce and the implementatin f its recmmendatins Fllw Members exchanges n e-cmmerce, including any pssible identificatin f gaps in trade rules regarding e-cmmerce f plants and plant prducts Pursue Secretariat t Secretariat infrmatin exchange and cntribute t discussins n e- cmmerce held within the structures f the WTO, WCO, CBD and thers, fr example IPPC t participate in the WCO WGEC IPPC t encurage the ther standard-setting rganizatins (Cdex, OIE) t study/identify relevant risks arising frm e-cmmerce and t develp any necessary recmmendatins Develp jint risk assessment fr mre effective targeting (use as a basis the WCO effrts in this regard) Develp further guidance and invlve e-traders and thers (align with existing guidance example thse develped within the framewrk f the CBD expert meeting n e-cmmerce in December 2017). Infrm SPS Cmmittee members f IPPC wrk and recmmendatins n the issue f e- cmmerce Cllabrate further at the natinal level Clser cperatin between NPPOs and Custms at the natinal level. Increase engagement in relevant fra t raise awareness t relevant brder and curier agencies and ther natinal stakehlders. Engage and participate in the trade facilitatin cmmittee (under the trade facilitatin agreement f the WTO) t ensure awareness n e-cmmerce n a brad scale. Identify and reprt risks t e-traders Highlight reginally r natinally the tp cncerns f cmmdities being sld n-line t the suppliers: IPPC Secretariat t create with the e-cmmerce industry a template and prcedure with e-traders fr CPs t reprt majr cncerns IPPC Secretariat t prvide infrmatin t all RPPOs and NPPOs n hw t use the template IPPC Secretariat t cllect feedback n gd practices fllwing reprting and issues an annual reprt invlving the e-cmmerce industry Engage express delivery cmpanies can (DHL Express, Fedex, UPS, TNT): Carriers t prvide advance electrnic shipment infrmatin t enable custmers/ther agencies t perfrm risk assessment Track and trace packages identified by authrities as suspicius and remve them frm traffic flws fr further examinatin (Prvide custms with adequate and cntrlled facilities t cnduct examinatins efficiently) Prvide authrities with available relevant infrmatin n shippers and cnsignees f shipments identified as cntaining gds with ptential phytsanitary risks (subject t legal limits)
6 CPM 2018/17 Clse accunts f custmers identified by authrities as repeat ffenders (subject t legal limits). Raise awareness f suppliers, transprters and ther rganizatins and the general public Create an IPPC webpage n e-cmmerce and a cntact pint fr additinal infrmatin exchange IPPC Secretariat in cperatin with the industry and the relevant internatinal rganizatins t develp vides, manuals, e-learnings r tutrials t explain the phytsanitary risks thrugh e-cmmerce.