14 Nvember 2016 Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement Secnd part f the first sessin, Marrakech, 7-14 Nvember 2016 Agenda item 6: Matters relating t the glbal stcktake referred t in Article 14 f the Paris Agreement: a) Identificatin f the surces f input fr the glbal stcktake b) Develpment f the mdalities f the glbal stcktake Infrmal nte by the c-facilitatrs Nte: This nte is ur attempt t infrmally summarise the views expressed by Parties n this agenda item in their submissins fr this sessin and discussins during the first six meetings f the infrmal cnsultatins. The nte has been prepared under ur wn respnsibility and thus has n frmal status. It is nt intended t prejudge further wrk that Parties may want t undertake nr des it in any way prevent Parties frm expressing ther views they may have in future. Overview f the infrmal cnsultatins By 14 Nvember 2016 at 11 am, Parties have had six infrmal cnsultatins n this item in Marrakech. During these meetings, Parties prvided general views n this agenda item, as well as specific views n identificatin f surces f input fr and develpment f mdalities n the glbal stcktake. At these meetings, the c-facilitatrs, n their respnsibility prepared and presented tw dcuments which have been further revised based n cmments frm Parties and are bth annexed t this nte. The infrmal cnsultatins devted time t discuss pssible further wrk n this item, with Parties prviding a range f views including n technical wrk (in-sessin technical wrkshp and/r technical paper by the secretariat) and a pssible call fr fcused submissins based n guiding questins. The c-facilitatrs have prepared guiding questins, which will be presented t Parties at the last meeting n this item scheduled fr 12 13pm tday (14 Nvember 2016). An initial versin f this infrmal nte was made available, infrmed by interventins made and submissins frm Parties. Parties had the time t discuss its cntent during infrmal cnsultatins meetings, and based n thse cnversatins this revised nte has been made available t them. Reflectins f the C-Facilitatrs n the discussins in the infrmal cnsultatins: Appraches t cnduct the wrk: during the infrmal cnsultatins, Parties identified several starting pints and appraches that culd be used fr cnducting the wrk under this agenda item, including: Start by identifying pssible additinal surces f input t thse already identified in the Paris Outcme (e.g., decisin 1/CP.21, paragraph 99). Cntinue with the develpment f the mdalities f GST, bearing in mind the elements f the mdalities mentined in the relevant prvisins f Paris Outcmes. Finally, identify the utputs f the GST that will lead t the utcme f the GST stated in the Paris Agreement; Start frm clarifying the utcme f the GST, which will shed light n the mdalities f the GST and the surces f input needed in rder t fulfil that utcme, s that GST is fit-fr-purpse; Discuss and clarify cnceptual issues befre fcusing n identificatin f surces f input and develpment f mdalities. Examples f such issues include: a cmmn understanding f cllective prgress and its cntext, ways t enhance cllective prgress by enhancing internatinal cperatin as well as by prmting best practises, and the ptential infrmatin that the GST might deliver. T facilitate these discussins, we prepared the flw diagram cntained in annex I t this nte, which includes sme guiding questins n pssible issues fr further cnsideratin relating t surces f inputs, mdalities and utcme f the GST. In a first versin f the diagram a distinctin was made between surces f input and the infrmatin that needs t be extracted frm thse surces as well as between 1
14 Nvember 2016 the utputs f the GST 1 and its utcme stated in Article 14.3 f the Paris Agreement (bx 1). The the diagram was revised, based n the views prvided by Parties, and uses at his stage nly the elements mentined in the Paris Outcmes. The guiding questins were als reviewed t reflect the discussins during the infrmal cnsultatins. Bx 1: Article 14 f the Paris Agreement 1. The Cnference f the Parties serving as the meeting f the Parties t the Paris Agreement shall peridically take stck f the implementatin f the Paris Agreement t assess the cllective prgress twards achieving the purpse f the Agreement and its lng term gals (referred t as the glbal stcktake ). It shall d s in a cmprehensive and facilitative manner, cnsidering mitigatin, adaptatin and the means f implementatin and supprt, and in the light f equity and the best available science. 2. The Cnference f the Parties serving as the meeting f the Parties t the Paris Agreement shall undertake its first glbal stcktake in 2023 and every five years thereafter unless therwise decided by the Cnference f the Parties serving as the meeting f the Parties t the Paris Agreement. 3. The utcme f the glbal stcktake shall infrm Parties in updating and enhancing, in a natinally determined manner, their actins and supprt in accrdance with the relevant prvisins f the Paris Agreement, as well as in enhancing internatinal cperatin fr climate actin. Sme Parties were f the view that the views presented culd be gruped under the fllwing categries: linkages and cntext, surces f input, mdalities and utcme. Others have seen all views gruped under surces f inputs and mdalities, in line with the mandate frm the COP fr this agenda item. In this nte fur categries are used withut prejudging hw Parties will like t structure their future wrk under this agenda item. Linkages: the discussins at the infrmal cnsultatins stressed the crss-cutting nature f the GST. While the main prvisins f the Paris Agreement n the glbal stcktake (GST) are cntained in Article 14 (bx 1 belw), there are many ther articles f the Agreement and paragraphs f decisin 1/CP.21 that referred directly t the GST r are indirectly linked t it. T facilitate the discussin n the direct and indirect linkages, which may be relevant fr the identificatin f inputs and develpment f the mdalities f the GST, we develped the diagram cntained in annex II t this nte. Sme Parties were f the view that indirect links t the GST shuld nt be included in the diagram. Therefre, the diagram was revised and such links are written in italics fnts. Nte that sme Parties prvided views in their submissins n these interlinkages. Anther categry f linkages discussed relates t the hw nging wrk under the APA and SBs culd affect the surces f input and the mdalities f GST. Fr example, sme Parties have seen interlinkages with the wrk f APA under agenda items 3 (NDCs), item 4 (Adaptatin cmmunicatins) and item 5 (Transparency) and item 7 (Cmpliance) and with the FD2018. 2 As regards the cntext fr the GST, sme Parties were f the view that Article 14 prvides all the cntext needed fr cnducting the GST (i.e., cmprehensive and facilitative manner, cnsidering mitigatin, adaptatin and the means f implementatin and supprt, and in the light f equity and the best available science). Others were f the view that the linkages with ther articles prvide additinal cntext (e.g., Article 2). Yet, anther grup f Parties suggested it is imprtant t understand that this cntext includes ther aspects such as the principles f the Cnventin. 1 The submissins made by Parties fr this sessin cntain many suggestins n pssible utputs f the GST. See FCCC/APA/2016/INF.4, Add.1, Add.2 and the submissins by Indnesia and Demcratic Republic f Cng n behalf f the LDCs and Mali n behalf f the AGN n this matter available n the submissin prtal at <http://www.unfccc.int/5900>. 2 Details n this matter are presented in table 1, under Mdalities. 2
14 Nvember 2016 Althugh Parties identified sme pssible surces f input beynd thse already identified in decisin 1/CP.21, paragraph 99, they did nt discuss them in details. Many Parties were f the view that an initial nn-exhaustive list f surces f input shuld be cnsidered, with the understanding that this list culd be cmpleted prir t each GST, bearing in mind the need t maintain a manageable prcess. Many Parties emphasized the need t maintain a balance between IPCC and nn-ipcc inputs. Sme Parties prvided suggestins fr generic as well as specific surces f input (mitigatin, adaptatin and means f implementatin and supprt) and the need t identify surces f input that wuld allw fr the assessment f prgress in the light f equity. As regards the mdalities f the GST, discussins fcused n main elements such as the nature f the GST (a prcess with phases and wrkstreams), its duratin and timelines, ptential institutinal arrangements fr assisting the CMA with cnducting the GST, linkages with ther prcesses and nging wrk and the aim, frmat and characteristics f utputs. Several Parties were f the view that it is t early t discuss such details. The utcme f the GST, were discussed at sme level f detail. Mst f the views expressed referred t clarifying expectatins fr the utcme f GST. Table 1 belw grups and summarizes the main views presented by Parties under the fllwing categries: linkages and cntext, surces f input, mdalities and utcme. Under each categry, the presentatin f these views is nt in any rder f imprtance nr des nt imply any cnsensus amngst Parties n the them. 3 Nte that in the table we have nt attempted t distinguish between elements already agreed in Paris and thse prpsed by Parties. Table 1: Summary f views expressed by Parties (submissins and views at infrmal cnsultatins) Linkages and cntext (sme Parties have seen this as separate categry while ther cnsider this as part f mdalities): On the principles that shuld guide the GST, Parties restated sme f thse agreed in Paris and prpsed additinal nes: Party-driven, natinally determined, cmprehensive, facilitative; build trust, be transparent; in light f best available science and equity and CBDR-RC; histrical respnsibility and carbn budget sharing; timely; balanced, tailred and hlistic manner; cmmunicate clear and accurate picture f cllective prgress; actin-riented; wnership; sustainable develpment; eradicate pverty; climate justice; GST as part f the ambitin mechanism; PA Articles 2 and 3; psitive infrmatin, mtivatin, mutual encuragement, learning by ding, principles f the Cnventin, general understanding f cllective prgress and its cntext. On interlinkages, tw aspects were discussed: Clarify any interlinkages between surces f input, mdalities and utcmes als t (e.g., APA agenda items 3 (NDCs), item 4 (Adaptatin cmmunicatins) and item 5 (Transparency) and item 7 (Cmpliance) and the FD2018) Links t ther Paris Agreement articles/prvisins including Article 2. Surces f inputs Decisin 1/CP.21 99 Requests the Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement t identify the surces f input fr the glbal stcktake referred t in Article 14 f the Paris Agreement and t reprt t the Cnference f the Parties, with a view t the Cnference f the Parties making a recmmendatin t the Cnference f the Parties serving as the meeting f the Parties t the Paris Agreement fr cnsideratin and adptin f at its first sessin, including, but nt limited t: (a) Infrmatin n: 3 Given that this table cntains a summary f the main views expressed is nt a cmplete reflectin f all Parties' view n GST. Further details are available in the submissins made fr this sessin. 3
14 Nvember 2016 (i) The verall effect f the natinally determined cntributins cmmunicated by Parties; (ii) The state f adaptatin effrts, supprt, experiences and pririties frm the cmmunicatins referred t in Article 7, paragraphs 10 and 11, f the Paris Agreement, and reprts referred t in Article 13, paragraph 8, f the Paris Agreement; (iii) The mbilizatin and prvisin f supprt; (b)the latest reprts f the Intergvernmental Panel n Climate Change (c) Reprts f the subsidiary bdies; The apprach fr identifying surces f inputs: Build an initial nn-exhaustive list t be cmpleted prir t each GST by: Parties/c-facilitatrs f technical expert grups/secretariat, bearing in mind the need t maintain a manageable prcess; Be cmprehensive and balance inputs between mitigatin, adaptatin and means f implementatin and supprt Selectin f surces f inputs shuld be demands/questin riented (what then where is needed) Priritize fficial inputs frm Parties and allw fr input frm nn-state actrs (NSA) Balance between IPCC and nn-ipcc Need t identify surces f input that wuld allw fr the assessment f prgress in the light f equity (e.g. equity framewrk with indicatrs and indexes previusly submitted, thers); Pssible generic/verarching surces f input Infrmatin frm enhanced transparency framewrk Infrmatin frm NatCms, BURs/BRs; NIRs; ICA reprts; IAR reprts) Synthesis reprt n infrmatin frm the transparency framewrk, the technical expert review and the cmpliance cmmittee Submissins frm Parties and nn-party stakehlders prir t each GST Secretariat SYR n verall effect f NDCs: backwards and/r frward lking Latest reprts (ARs and SRs) f the IPCC Submissins frm Parties and nn-party stakehlders Reprt f the next peridic review Relevant reprts frm ther UN agencies, multilateral dev. rgs and reginal agencies Infrmatin n ptential slutins (reprts f TEMs) Reprts f the subsidiary bdies NDCs Surce f input that identify barriers t implementatin, Surces f input that identify pre-2020 gaps, Surces f input that capture impact f actin, Surces f input that capture gaps between actin & supprt Infrmatin n impacts f actins Pssible specific surces f inputs fr: Adaptatin Infrmatin n verall effect f NDCs (relevant part f the synthesis reprt n NDCs) Infrmatin n state f adaptatin needs and plans, effrts, supprt, experiences and pririties frm Adaptatin Cmmunicatins and transparency framewrk reprts n impacts and adaptatin Relevant sectins f the synthesis reprt n infrmatin frm enhanced transparency framewrk Synthesis reprt n adaptatin cmmunicatins Output f the wrk f Parties using the mdalities f the recgnizing adaptatin effrts (develped by AC and LEG) Reprt f the AC, LEG, NWP, LDCF, WIM Barriers t implementatin & supprt Mitigatin Relevant natinal infrmatin frm the enhanced transparency framewrk and a synthesis reprt by the secretariat n the reprting under the enhanced transparency framewrk, including 4
14 Nvember 2016 technical review and multilateral cnsideratin and summaries f GHG emissins and emissin trends, (aggregate impact and state f implementatin f NDCs) Infrmatin t shwcase f mitigatin actins and prgrammes Infrmatin n challenges and barriers Infrmatin n recurses requirements Infrmatin n gaps in terms f finance, technlgy and capacity fr supprting mitigatin actin Synthesis reprt by the secretariat t estimate the aggregate effect/adequacy f NDCs (anticipated effect f NDCs that have been cmmunicated fr subsequent perids) Infrmatin in the cntext f lng-term lw greenhuse gas emissins develpment strategies Inputs fr identifying ptential and cncrete ptins fr increased climate actin fr achieving the level f cllective mitigatin effrt required Mdalities: Means f implementatin and supprt Infrmatin n mbilizatin and prvisin f supprt Relevant sectins f the synthesis reprt n infrmatin frm enhanced transparency framewrk Infrmatin n needs f supprt and gaps Reprts f perating entities f the FM, SCF, AF, AC, WIM ExCm, TEC/CTCN, PCCB, as well as biennial cmmunicatins by develped cuntries n indicative quantitative and qualitative financial infrmatin and cmmunicatins, reprts, NDCs by develping cuntries n financial, technlgy and capacity building needs Infrmatin n cllective pace f transfrmatin in technlgy, investment in lw carbn develpment, cnsumptin behaviur, institutin and plicy; Infrmatin n best practices, experiences and lessns learned; Infrmatin n ptential barriers t implementatin and the way t vercme them; Infrmatin n pprtunities n internatinal cperatin, in particular climate finance and technlgy innvatin Reprt f the GCF n financial prvisins Available infrmatin n effrts related t financial supprt prvided by develped t develping cuntries Infrmatin frm internatinal financial institutins n climate prfing and climate resilience measures Surces f input that capture linkages and gaps between actin & supprt Decisin 1/CP.21 101. Further requests the Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement t develp mdalities fr the glbal stcktake referred t in Article 14 f the Agreement and t reprt t the Cnference f the Parties, with a view t the Cnference f the Parties making a recmmendatin t the Cnference f the Parties serving as the meeting f the Parties t the Paris Agreement fr cnsideratin and adptin at its first sessin; The apprach fr develping mdalities: Mdality shuld nt nly cllect facts (as a fact-based exercise) but shuld als be psitive, build trust and psitive mtivatin. It shuld als identify pprtunity fr enhanced internatinal cperatin and fr Parties t encurage ne anther Pssible elements f mdalities: A prcess: Simple and practical, Infrmed by existing experiences under the Cnventin and frm the technical prcess fr raising mitigatin ambitin befre 2020 and lessns learned frm the 2013 2015 review Ensures balance between adaptatin, mitigatin and means f implementatin and supprt (cnsidered in cntext and in parallel) and linkages between actin and supprt Capable f learning frm previus GSTs and building trust Cnsiders different rles and differentiated respnsibilities between develped and develping cuntries Parties Organizatin f the prcess 5
14 Nvember 2016 Cnducted by the CMA but wh else (e.g. fr technical tasks SBs/independent bdy/thematic institutins under the UNFCCC) Ensures full participatin f Parties, especially f develping cuntries Ensures invlvement f ther stakehlders (at what stage and in what capacity) Number f wrkstreams and linkages between thematic areas Link between surces f input and utputs Duratin f the prcess All inputs t be in by June/mid-year sessin f the year f the GST Prcess lasting fr at least ne year and culminating at the relevant CMA Shuld depend n the timeframe f infrmatin gathering and implementatin prcess Timelines and sequencing, Aligning IPCC and GST cycles (link t availability f IPCC ARs (maximum 2.5 years)) On the structure f the prcess several Parties specifically mentined that it was t early t discuss this issue as these culd be defined after clarifying utcmes, discussing principles and cntext which will clarify the inputs needed and mdalities fr the GST. Other Parties see mre than ne phase: Preparatry phase: generate ahead the necessary inputs Technical phase Aim: Identify, analyze and summarize, allw fr exchange f best practices and experiences and understand the gaps, cllecting f technical infrmatin, mtivatin and shwcasing, trust building, identificatin f pprtunities fr enhanced internatinal cperatin, encuraging each ther; Inputs: See sectin I abve Timing: sufficient fr preparatin and cnsideratin f technical infrmatin/ depend n the timeframe f infrmatin gathering and implementatin prcess Frmat: Dialgue (structured/expert); wrkshps; Frum; Special events/taskfrce/panel (e.g. panel under CMA); Ad-Hc Wrking Grup; Jint SB cntact grup; technical cmmittee f chairs/c-chairs f the SBs and CBs Output/utcme: SYRs by vice chairs/c-facilitatrs, summary f inputs and technical discussins, cnclusins by the SBs; Q and A; Cmpilatin f technical infrmatin Cmpilatin f meeting reprt; ref t Art. 2 Characteristics f utputs/utcme: Cntain evidence and pprtunities fr further actin; Factual, nn-prescriptive, Include best practices, case studies and shwcase f experiences Distil inf but nt filter ut, Prvide infrmatin n barriers, Gaps between needs and supprt prvided and n pprtunities (technlgies, CB, Finance); suggestins n hw t imprve perfrmance f institutins and mechanisms related t supprt Plitical/leadership phase Inputs: utput f technical prcess; presentatins by technical phase facilitatrs Aim: generate plitical mmentum; Frmat: high-level event: HS/G, Ministers, Ambassadrs, cntact grup under CMA, Characteristics f utput/utcme: Be presented in a manner accessible t all/publically shared Shuld recgnize prgress and strengthen cnfidence (psitive signals) Summarizes best practices/lessns learned and experiences frm implementatin as well as identify the ptential and barriers, benefits and csts n climate actins Prvide infrmatin n pprtunities n internatinal cperatin, in particular climate finance and technlgy innvatin t facilitate enhancement f dmestic climate actin and internatinal cperatin in a natinally determined manner Assist develping cuntries identify their needs and prvide suggestins n hw t imprve perfrmance f institutins and mechanisms related t supprt Be recgnized and agreed by all Parties Be useful internatinally and dmestically 6
Pst GST plitical level engagement (part f the ambitin cycle): UNSG Summit Outcme (seen by many Parties under mdalities) 14 Nvember 2016 The apprach fr clarifying the utcme: 4 What is the ptential infrmatin GST might deliver? Hw t maximize the cllective prgress by enhanced internatinal cperatin and prmtin f best practices? Hw it will infrm the NDCs? What infrmatin shuld be delivered by GST? Hw t ensure that that utcme f GST is balanced amng Parties & elements? What shuld be its frmat? Hw will the utput address gaps btw actin & supprt as well as impact f thse actins? Hw will the utcme address pre-2020 gaps? Hw will the GST driver further ambitin/ enhanced actin? Hw will GST recgnise adaptatin effrts f develping Parties? 4 Als see annex I. 7
Annex I: Pssible issues fr further cnsideratin n the glbal stcktake 14 Nvember 2016 8
14 Nvember 2016 Annex II - Illustratin f mandates and prvisins related t the glbal stcktakes 9