Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement Sixth part f the first sessin Bangkk, 4 9 September 2018 9 September 2018 Revised additinal tl under item 3 f the agenda Further guidance in relatin t the mitigatin sectin f decisin 1/CP.21 n: (a) features f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 26; (b) infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 28; and (c) accunting fr Parties natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 31 Infrmal dcument by the C-Chairs A. Mandate 1. The Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement (APA), in rder t facilitate deliberatins at APA 1.6, requested its C-Chairs, with the assistance f, t the extent pssible, the persns wh facilitated wrk n the relevant matters at APA 1.5, t prepare, by 1 August 2018, tls that are additinal t and based n the infrmal ntes cntained in the annex t the APA 1.5 cnclusins, 1 including prpsals fr streamlining the utcme f the APA at APA 1.6 and examples f hw Parties culd further prgress twards the develpment f an agreed basis fr negtiatins, taking accunt f the level f maturity and delicate balance achieved t date fr individual items. The streamlining shuld nt imply the insertin r deletin f substantive cncepts r textual narratives. 2 2. The APA nted that the tls referred t in paragraph 1 abve wuld be prepared by the C- Chairs under their wn respnsibility, and emphasized that at this stage in the negtiatins it wuld be imprtant t ensure that all ptins identified by Parties remain n the table, recalling the right fr any Party t make submissins t be cnsidered under the relevant agenda items. 3 B. Scpe 3. The annex cntains the additinal tl under agenda item 3, Further guidance in relatin t the mitigatin sectin f decisin 1/CP.21 n: (a) features f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 26; (b) infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 28; and (c) accunting fr Parties natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 31. The tl was prepared by the APA C-Chairs with the assistance f Mr. Sin Liang Cheah (Singapre) and Ms. Gertraud Wllansky (Austria). 4. The C-Chairs recgnize that: (a) There are varying views n the structure f the guidance, including n differentiatin and the scpe f natinally determined cntributins (NDCs); thus the tl des nt cnstitute an 1 See dcument FCCC/APA/2018/L.2/Add.1. 2 FCCC/APA/2018/2, paragraph 21. 3 FCCC/APA/2018/2, paragraph 22.
attempt t prejudge any next steps relating t the preparatin f a draft negtiating text r the psitin f Parties n the further guidance and its cntent; (b) A wide range f strngly held views n hw t discuss the issues f scpe f NDCs and differentiatin were shared in the deliberatins under this agenda item. While a number f Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed under each f the sub-items under this agenda item, a number f ther Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed elsewhere under the prcess, and anther number f Parties expressed the view that these issues were already treated within the verall architecture f the Paris Agreement. C. Apprach 5. The aim f the tl is t supprt Parties in their deliberatins n agenda item 3, including identifying pprtunities fr: (a) Streamlining f substantive elements (e.g. aviding duplicatin, similar cncepts r elements, and redundancies); (b) Further cnceptual clarificatin (e.g. identifying cncepts r elements that may need further elabratin, r better understanding which cncepts r elements frm ptins); (c) Imprving the structure and placement f cncepts and elements (e.g. thse that may frm part f a decisin, thse that may frm part f the substantive elements r thse that may need further wrk). 6. The tl was prepared as fllws: (a) It is based n the infrmal nte n agenda item 3 cntained in the annex t the APA 1.5 cnclusins, 4 f which the cntent has nt been altered; the tl des nt cancel r supersede the infrmal nte; (b) (c) N substantive elements, cncepts r caveats have been remved r reinterpreted; Fr ease f navigatin and reference, line numbering has been intrduced; (d) Fr readability, the elements that are currently still very general and nt yet peratinal are in italics. Often such elements describe what the guidance shuld d r achieve rather than indicating hw; (e) Guiding questins that Parties may wish t cnsider have been included in bxes fr each agenda sub-item; (f) Prpsals n hw substantive elements may be further clustered r streamlined have als been included in bxes t allw fr better navigatin f the substantive elements in each sectin. D. Pssible actin by the Ad Hc Wrking Grup n the Paris Agreement 7. APA 1.6 may wish t cnsider this tl, in additin t the relevant infrmal nte cntained in the annex t the APA 1.5 cnclusins, in its deliberatins. 4 As ftnte 1 abve. 2
Annex Additinal tl under item 3 f the agenda Further guidance in relatin t the mitigatin sectin f decisin 1/CP.21 n: (a) features f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 26; (b) infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 28; and (c) accunting fr Parties natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 31 CONTENT page I. Features f NDCs 4-5 A. Identify and list existing features 4 B. New/additinal features 4-5 C. Guidance/elabratin n features 5 II. Infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding (ICTU) 6-20 A. Objectives 6 B. Capacity f develping cuntries 6 C. Prcedural elements 6-7 D. Substantive elements 7-19 III. Accunting fr Parties NDCs 20-35 A. Understanding f accunting 20 B. Objectives 20-21 C. Capacity f develping cuntries 21 D. Drawing frm appraches under the Cnventin and the Kyt Prtcl 21-22 E. Prcedural elements 22 F. Specific elements 22-35 3
I. Features f NDCs A wide range f strngly-held views n hw t discuss the issues f scpe f NDCs and differentiatin were shared. While a number f Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed under features, a number f ther Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed elsewhere under the prcess, and anther number f Parties expressed the view that these issues were already treated within the verall architecture f the Paris Agreement. Bx 1: Pssible questins n hw t apprach the wrk n features, Parties may wish t cnsider Hw culd the ptins n features be better rganised and expressed mre succinctly? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 A. Identify and list existing features Optin 1: Art 2.1: NDCs t achieve the purpse f the agreement, prmte lw emissins and climate resilient develpment, make financial flws cnsistent with this and accelerate the develpment and transfer f technlgy; cntext f sustainable develpment and effrts t eradicate pverty; Art 2.2: equity, CBDRCC, natinal circumstances and differentiatin; Art 3: Natinal determinatin, include elements f mitigatin, adaptatin, financial supprt, technlgy develpment and transfer and capacity building; Art 4.1: lng-term gals (peaking slwer fr develping cuntries, and a balance between anthrpgenic emissins by surces and remvals by sinks by the secnd half f this century). On the basis f equity, aggregable; Art 4.2: natinal determinatin, Parties pursue dmestic mitigatin measures, successive, maintain NDCs, uncnditinal cmpnent, successive increment; Art 4.3: prgressin, highest ambitin, natinal circumstances, CBDRCC; Art 4.4: ecnmy-wide abslute emissin reductin targets by develped cuntries, leadership by develped cuntries, encuragement fr develping cuntry Parties t mve ver time twards ecnmy-wide abslute emissin reductin targets, differentiatin; Art 4.5: supprt t develping cuntry Parties, differentiatin, cnditinal cmpnent; Art 4.6: LDCs and SIDS t prepare and cmmunicate plans and actins fr lw greenhuse gas emissins develpment; Art 4.7: mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans; Art. 4.8: clear, transparent and understandable; Art. 4.9: cmmunicatin every five years, infrmed by glbal stcktake, NDCs t be either fr a 5 r 10-year perid; Art. 4.10: cmmn timeframes; Art. 4.11: upward adjustment; Art 4.12: registry; Art 4.13: accunting, quantifiable; Art 4.15: cnsideratin f respnse measures, quantifiable; Art 4.16-4.18: cllabrative r jint actin; Art. 4.19: successive increment in a lng-term time series; Art. 7.1: achieve the purpse f the agreement; Art 9.1: differentiatin; Art 9.3: differentiatin; Art 9.5: differentiatin; Art 9.7: differentiatin; Art 10: differentiatin; Art 11: differentiatin; Decisin 1/CP.21, paragraph 25: cmmunicatin 9-12 mnths in advance f relevant CMA sessin; Decisin 1/CP.21, paragraph 27: reference years r perids, cverage in sectrs and gases, metrics and guidelines. Optin 2: Recgnize the wrk carried ut s far; Features f NDCs are utlined in [[Article 3][Article 4][Articles 3 and 4][the relevant prvisins] f] the Paris Agreement; While the effrts and level f ambitin cmmunicated by Parties are natinally determined, NDCs shuld be prepared and cmmunicated pursuant t the Paris Agreement and the guidance adpted by the CMA, as applicable; 4
45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 Flexibility related t the nature f the features and characteristics included in NDCs t be prvided t LDCs and SIDS; Agrees t cnclude the cnsideratin f further guidance n features. Optin 3: n text B. New/additinal features Optin 1: Identificatin f unaccunted sectrs; Identificatin f sectrs included in transactins f Internatinally Transferred Mitigatin Outcmes; Quantified supprt assessment fr develping cuntry Parties; Quantified supprt disbursement and pledged; Summary f mitigatin measures linked t bunker fuels; Lw carbn and climate resilience develpment strategies; Lw carbn lng term develpment strategies; Quantifiability, in terms f CO2e; Cnditins and circumstances r specificatin f emissins reductin capacity withut supprt; Cverage f all significant emissin sectrs and gases; Reflect a link t a Party s lng-term strategy; T be based n real and meaningful data and/r baselines; Infrmatin related aspects: cverage f sectrs and gases, reference years r perids, metrics and accunting applied; NDCs t be in line with dmestic develpment r pverty eradicatin strategies. Optin 2: n text C. Guidance/Elabratin n features Optin 1: Guidance addressing all r a subset f features set ut in A and B, where such guidance wuld assist Parties in preparing and cmmunicating their NDCs, including inter alia n: Quantifiability f effrts in tnnes f CO2e; Prgressin; Highest pssible ambitin; Use f cmmn IPCC metrics; Cverage, surces and remvals; Reference pints; Time frames fr submissin; Target years; Outline f all key assumptins; Statement f nature f NDC - ecnmy-wide abslute emissin reductin target, ecnmy-wide emissin reductin r limitatin target, r ther; Dmestic mitigatin measures in place in supprt; Mvement ver time twards ecnmy-wide emissin limitatin r reductin targets. Optin 2: n text 5
II. Infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding (ICTU) A wide range f strngly-held views n hw t discuss the issues f scpe f NDCs and differentiatin were shared. While a number f Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed under infrmatin, a number f ther Parties expressed the view that these issues shuld be discussed elsewhere under the prcess, and anther number f Parties expressed the view that these issues were already treated within the verall architecture f the Paris Agreement. Bx 2: Pssible questins n hw t apprach the wrk n Infrmatin, Parties may wish t cnsider Hw culd the ICTU elements within different sectins be better rganised and expressed mre succinctly? Which elements f the guidance fr ICTU needs t be decided by COP 24? Which elements f the guidance fr ICTU, if any, can be addressed under APA item 3 sub-item n Accunting; which elements culd be addressed under the transparency framewrk; and which elements culd be addressed elsewhere? 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 A. Objectives - Facilitate the implementatin f Article 4, paragraph 8, f the Paris Agreement; - Enhance the clarity, transparency and understanding f Parties NDCs, r cntribute t a better understanding f NDCs; - Be a tl r reference dcument t assist Parties in preparing and cmmunicating their NDCs in line with the Paris Agreement; - Assist Parties dmestic preparatin f their NDCs, facilitate the exchange f best practices amng Parties and cntribute t raising public awareness f what Parties are ging t d abut climate change in the future; - Enhance the transparency and predictability f climate actin and fster trust amng Parties; - Facilitate the tracking f prgress; - Facilitate the aggregatin and synthesizing f NDCs, including by the secretariat, als with a view t facilitating the glbal stcktake; - Suitable fr and relevant fr the range f NDCs (target types, natinal capacities and circumstances) [and durable and designed t be relevant t abslute ecnmy-wide emissin reductins targets by develped cuntry Parties, and ver time ecnmy-wide emissin reductin r limitatin targets by develping cuntries]; - Prvide sufficient cmparable infrmatin in the NDC submissins; - Nt present an additinal burden n Parties, especially develping cuntry Parties, in particular LDCs and SIDS; - Nt be prescriptive; - Nt aim t enable the quantificatin f NDCs r prvide quantitative infrmatin; - Nt impse a cmmn type f, r frmat fr, NDCs. B. Capacity f develping cuntries - Develping cuntries, in particular LDCs and SIDS, require supprt in rder t prgressively imprve the infrmatin included t cntextualize their NDCs; - Recgnize different starting pints and capacities; - Incentive mechanisms shuld be established by the CMA t encurage and supprt develping cuntry Parties t prepare, cmmunicate and implement their NDCs and t prvide relevant infrmatin in a successive and durable manner; - Cnsider t identify their capacity-building needs and increase their capacity fr enhancing the clarity, transparency and understanding f their NDCs ver time, including what supprt wuld be required relative t what is available; - Wrk with partners t build the capacity t imprve the prvisin f infrmatin ver time and supprt the implementatin f NDCs. Flexibility t be prvided t develping cuntries based n their NDC, in particular LDCs and SIDS, recgnizing that LDCs and SIDS may cmmunicate plans and actins fr lw GHG emissins develpment; Prvide cntinuus and adequate supprt t develping cuntry Parties t identify their capacity-building needs and increase their capacity fr enhancing the clarity, transparency and understanding f their NDCs ver time. C. Prcedural elements a. Channel Vehicle fr cmmunicating is the NDC, submitted t the NDC registry; 6
118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 Parties are t put frward the infrmatin f NDCs when cmmunicating their NDCs; ICTU t be prvided in an infrmatin table that is annexed t the Party s NDC submissin. b. Timing/Applicatin Secnd and subsequent NDCs; Parties t apply the guidance fr infrmatin f NDCs t their subsequent NDCs (with the timeframe frm 2031 nwards); Guidance nt t apply retrspectively t NDCs (r INDCs) already submitted; Parties may elect t apply such guidance t their existing NDCs (mst f which are pre-2030); LDCs and SIDS, in the light f their special circumstances, are encuraged t apply the guidance t the extent pssible; The ICTU fr the first NDCs t be prvided as well with cmmunicatin r update f thse NDCs by 2020; The guidance n infrmatin fr clarity, transparency and understanding f NDCs t be applied by each Party as it cmmunicates r updates its NDC in 2020, as required under 1/CP.21 paragraphs 23 and 24; Parties may prvide additinal r updated infrmatin at any time. c. Revisin Optin 1: Review and, if necessary, revisin f guidance at a future pint fllwing experience with implementatin; The CMA t define the year f the first review f the guidance, with a view t revising it n a regular basis; After the first glbal stcktake. Optin 2: n text D. Substantive elements Sectin D1 The infrmal nte by the c-facilitatrs issued at APA 1-4 (final versin f 13 Nvember 2017) n pages 9-72 as well as the submissins and interventins by Parties since APA 1-4 cntain views frm Parties n the substantive elements relating t infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins. We nted that thrugh these inputs, Parties have prpsed a variety f different appraches fr structuring the substantial elements. The views submitted n pages 9-10, 18-20, 42-57 and in ne submissin 1 prpsed that infrmatin elements n mitigatin be structured based n paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21, and applicable t all Parties r depending n the type f mitigatin target in the NDC. The views cntained n pages 10-15 structure the substance t take reference frm Article 3 f the Paris Agreement, with differentiated guidance fr develped and develping cuntry Parties. The views cntained n pages 57-62 and in ne submissin 2, differentiate the applicability f the guidance n the basis f share f glbal emissins, GDP numbers, and per-capita cumulative histrical emissins, respectively. The views cntained n pages 15-18, 21-42, 55, 62-72 and in ne submissin 3 structure the substance alng the elements f paragraph 27 as well as additinal elements. The fllwing sectin D2 is ur attempt t streamline the pages 9-72 cntaining Parties views n substantive elements relating t infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins in a way that might help Parties t navigate the relevant ideas and elements cntained in the inputs frm Parties. Sectin D2 is nt intended t prejudge r prejudice Parties psitins and is als nt intended t prejudge the varying views n the structure f the guidance. 1 Submissin by Turkey received n 3 May 2018: https://unfccc.int/prcess/bdies/subsidiary-bdies/ad-hcwrking-grup-n-the-paris-agreement-apa/infrmatin-n-apa-agenda-item-3/submissins-received-n-apaitem-3 2 Submissin by India received n 3 May 2018: https://unfccc.int/prcess/bdies/subsidiary-bdies/ad-hcwrking-grup-n-the-paris-agreement-apa/infrmatin-n-apa-agenda-item-3/submissins-received-n-apaitem-3 3 Submissin by African Grup f Negtiatrs (AGN) received n 9 April 2018: https://unfccc.int/prcess/bdies/subsidiary-bdies/ad-hc-wrking-grup-n-the-paris-agreementapa/infrmatin-n-apa-agenda-item-3/submissins-received-n-apa-item-3 7
This navigatin tl des nt replace the APA 1-4 agenda item 3 infrmal nte by the c-facilitatrs until Parties decide therwise. T prvide Parties with the assurance that their prpsals in relatin t infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins are preserved and kept n the table the infrmal nte by the c-facilitatrs issued at APA 1-4 (final versin f 13 Nvember 2017) is virtually annexed t this dcument, available at: https://unfccc.int/files/meetings/bnn_nv_2017/insessin/applicatin/pdf/apa_3_infrmal_nte_final_versin.pdf. Sectin D2 This dcument is nt intended t prejudge r prejudice any next steps relating t the preparatin f a draft negtiating text r the psitin f Parties n further guidance and its cntents. It is als nt intended t replace the APA 1-4 agenda item 3 infrmal nte by the c-facilitatrs but t serve as a facilitative tl t help Parties navigate 180-pages f the APA 1-4 agenda item 3 infrmal nte. It des nt represent agreed views, ideas r text nr des it attempt t draw any cnclusins n pssible areas f cnvergence r divergence. The rder f the elements and related prpsals cntained in this nte des nt crrespnd t any hierarchy r sequencing accrding t cnvergence r imprtance. The cfacilitatrs als recgnize that nthing is finalized until the guidance n NDCs is finalized. With regard t infrmatin t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding f natinally determined cntributins, as specified in paragraph 28, varius Parties have recalled that paragraph 27 f 1/CP.21 states the fllwing: Agrees that the infrmatin t be prvided by Parties cmmunicating their natinally determined cntributins, in rder t facilitate clarity, transparency and understanding, may include, as apprpriate, inter alia, quantifiable infrmatin n the reference pint (including, as apprpriate, a base year), time frames and/r perids fr implementatin, scpe and cverage, planning prcesses, assumptins and methdlgical appraches including thse fr estimating and accunting fr anthrpgenic greenhuse gas emissins and, as apprpriate, remvals, and hw the Party cnsiders that its natinally determined cntributin is fair and ambitius, in the light f its natinal circumstances, and hw it cntributes twards achieving the bjective f the Cnventin as set ut in its Article 2. There is n agreement whether the fllwing elements wuld apply t all r t a grup f Parties. Varius views were expressed n whether there shuld be different applicability fr the fllwing elements, such as ne r mre f the belw: All Parties t prvide infrmatin n all the fllwing elements, r each Party t prvide infrmatin n all the fllwing elements depending n the cntents f its NDC; r Develped cuntry Parties t prvide infrmatin n all the fllwing elements and Develping cuntry Parties t prvide infrmatin at their discretin/prvide infrmatin n the fllwing elements ver time; r Thse parties with GDP/emissins/per capita cumulative histrical emissins abve a particular level t prvide infrmatin n all the fllwing elements and ther Parties t prvide infrmatin at their discretin/prvide infrmatin n the fllwing elements ver time. 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 Streamlined list f substantive elements Quantifiable infrmatin n the reference pint (including, as apprpriate, a base year) Infrmatin n: The base year and/r reference perid; Cnditins and pint in time under which the base pint/year/baselines/reference level will be updated, if applicable; Parameters used t frmulate the mitigatin cntributin; Indicatrs used t quantify the reference pint (metrics, surce data, values). Time frames and/r perids Infrmatin n: Time frame and/r perid fr implementatin; The target being a single-year r a multi-year target, if applicable; Crss reference t the cnsideratin by the CMA f Article 4.10; PLACEHOLDER utcme f cmmn time frames under SBI. Scpe and cverage Infrmatin n: 8
153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 Cverage f NDC, in relatin t the IPCC guidance n natinal greenhuse gas inventries, including n sectrs, gases, categries, including land categries, if applicable, pls, activities; Definitins f the sectrs and/r the categries used; The difference if the definitin f a sectr r categry varies frm definitins used in the natinal inventry reprt and/r by the IPCC; Whether categries f anthrpgenic emissins and remvals reflect cntinued cverage f categries cvered in previus NDCs; Hw the NDC has cnsidered the encuragement t include all categries f anthrpgenic emissins and remvals; Mve ver time t ecnmy-wide emissin reductin r limitatin targets; Other GHGs included fllwing review by the UNFCCC f IPCC guidelines; Excluded sectrs, gases r categries; The timeline fr ecnmy-wide cverage, if applicable; The significance f that gas r sectr in natinal emissins, if applicable; Whether the Party intends t use vluntary cperatin under Article 6; Whether NDCs include mitigatin, adaptatin and/r means f implementatin; Percentage f the natinal net GHG emissins; Gegraphical cverage. Planning prcesses Infrmatin n: Dmestic planning prcesses in relatin t the NDC, as apprpriate including, as applicable, n: - laws, plicies, legal and institutinal framewrks, plans and prcesses relevant fr the NDCs; - dmestic planning prcesses that Parties have undertaken t determine their NDC; - dmestic mitigatin measures aimed at achieving the NDC; - institutinal respnsibilities; - stakehlder cnsultatins and ther prcesses t achieve the bjectives f the NDC, including with indigenus peples; lcal cmmunities; elders and yuth; just transitin; gender; human rights; ther imprtant cnsideratins; - prcess cnducted in the design f the NDC; - hw different public agencies and levels f gvernment helped design the NDC. Infrmatin gaps, barriers r issues that the Party faced during the NDC design prcess; Hw the NDC relates t develpment plans r strategies; Hw the NDC relates t pverty eradicatin plans r strategies; Hw the NDC relates t lng-term lw greenhuse gas emissin develpment strategies, referred t in Article 4.19, if applicable; Hw the NDC has been infrmed by the utcmes f the glbal stcktake in accrdance with Article 4.9 f the Paris Agreement, and the 2018 Talana Dialgue, if applicable; 4 Assumptins and methdlgical appraches Infrmatin n: Appraches that will be used fr accunting fr anthrpgenic greenhuse gas emissins and remvals, including n: - hw the apprach is cnsistent with the NDC and the Party's natinal circumstances; - the methdlgical apprach used t estimate emissins and remvals twards their NDC and clarify which surces and sinks are nt accunted fr, if relevant; - if the apprach will vary by sectr r activity, describe each apprach in detail. Hw the base year(s)/reference indicatr(s)/baseline(s) and r reference levels are cnstructed, including parameters, key assumptins, definitins, methdlgies, data surces, mdels used; Methds and assumptins related t main drivers f natinal GHG emissins that allw t understand the evlutin f thse emissins as well as their expected value in the target year; Quantificatin f emissin reductins in tnnes f CO2 r CO2 equivalent: Use f the IPCC methdlgies and metrics fr estimatins f GHG emissins and remvals, if apprpriate in accrdance with: - methdlgies and cmmn metrics assessed by the IPCC and adpted by the CMA; - the accunting guidance (if apprpriate); - 1/CP.21 paragraph 31(a); - decisin XXX and YYY f the CMA, respectively. 4 Sme Parties have suggested placing this under Fairness and Ambitin 9
209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 Assumptins and methdlgical appraches specific t LULUCF, frests and REDD+, if included in NDC: - treatment in NDC (e.g. accunting like any ther sectr, sectral target); - accunting apprach (e.g. land-based vs. activity-based), in accrdance with the guidance decided by the CMA; - use f base years/base perids/reference levels; - infrmatin n reference level, if this accunting apprach is used, and its relatin t the verall baseline; - cverage f activities/categries r sub-categries/pls, including HWPs/fluxes/gases (cmprehensive/partial); - intentin t exclude emissins frm natural disturbances and prvisins t be applied; - treatment f HWP, natural disturbance, legacy effects, ther; - linkage t IPCC categries/pls; - if using managed land prxy, specify which land is classed as managed; - cnstructin f any specific baselines fr land use categries/activities. The intended use f vluntary cperatin under Article 6, in accrdance with the guidance decided by the CMA, including as apprpriate: - the intended accunting apprach t be used in accrdance with relevant guidance; - a descriptin f hw these markets may be used, including the estimated vlume f internatinally transferred mitigatin utcmes that may be used twards the achievement f the natinally determined cntributin, r transferred t anther stakehlder, r anther Party fr use twards a natinally determined cntributin. Intended r prpsed dmestic mitigatin measures that the Party will pursue t implement its NDC in accrdance with Article 4.2 f the Paris Agreement; Pursuant t Article 4.7 f the Paris Agreement n mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans; 5 Hw the Party will ensure the methdlgical cnsistency between the cmmunicatin and implementatin f its NDC; Any changes that may ccur during implementatin and that affect the NDC: be reflected in the prgress reprt as referred t in Article 13.7 (b) f the Paris Agreement; Hw any existing methds and guidance under the cnventin and Kyt Prtcl has been taken int accunt. 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 Fairness and ambitin Infrmatin n: Hw the party cnsiders that its NDC is fair and ambitius, in the light f its natinal circumstances; Fairness cnsideratins f effrts such as appraches and cncepts that the Party has used t peratinalize equity and fairness cnsideratins; Hw the Party s successive natinally determined cntributin will represent a prgressin beynd the Party s then current natinally determined cntributin and reflect its highest pssible ambitin, reflecting its cmmn but differentiated respnsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light f different natinal circumstances, as per Article 4.3 f the Paris Agreement; Hw the Party has addressed Article 4.4 and Article 4.6 f the Paris Agreement; Hw inputs frm the best available science was cnsidered in the Party's NDC, in a view f the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement gals; Emissins levels r trajectry under the NDC cmpared t the apprpriate cunterfactual (e.g. BAU scenari, histric reference year etc.); Features f gegraphy, climate r ecnmy that set practical limits n ambitin; The cnditinal part f the cntributin, if relevant; 6 Hw the NDC cntributes twards achieving the bjective f the Cnventin as set ut in its Article 2; Hw the NDC is cnsistent with the glbal temperature gal as described in Article 2.1(a) f the Paris Agreement; Hw the NDC is cnsistent with the cllective aim t reach glbal peaking f GHG emissins as sn as pssible and undertake rapid reductins thereafter (Article 4.1); Hw the Party cnsiders that its effrts fster lw greenhuse gas emissins develpment in a manner that des nt threaten fd prductin; 5 Sme Parties have suggested placing infrmatin n the type f their mitigatin cntributin under Fairness and ambitin 6 Sme Parties have suggested t place this under Planning Prcesses 10
263 264 265 266 Hw the Party cnsiders that its effrts are strengthening the glbal respnse t the threat f climate change and fster lw greenhuse gas emissins develpment, in the cntext f sustainable develpment and effrts t eradicate pverty and in a manner, that des nt threaten fd prductin; Hw its NDCs are in line with its lng-term lw-emissin develpment strategy and mitigatin gal. 267 Bx 3: Examples n hw the substantive elements f this sectin can be further streamlined/structured Tpic Streamlined elements Quantifiable Base year / reference perid; infrmatin n the Cnditins and timing t update base pint/year/baselines/reference level; reference pint Parameters used t frmulate the mitigatin cntributin; (including, as Indicatrs used t quantify the reference pint. apprpriate, a base year) Time frames and/r perids Time frame and/r perid fr implementatin; Single-year r a multi-year target; PLACEHOLDER wrk n cmmn time frames (4.10 f the Paris Agreement). Scpe and cverage Cverage f sectrs, gases, categries, including land categries, if applicable, pls, activities, in relatin t IPCC guidance; Definitins f the sectrs and/r categries, including in relatin t IPCC definitins; Cntinued cverage f categries; Strive t include all categries; Timeline fr ecnmy-wide cverage; Excluded sectrs, gases r categries; The significance/percentage f gas r sectr in natinal emissins; Intentin t use vluntary cperatin under Article 6; Gegraphical cverage. Planning prcesses Dmestic planning prcesses, related t, as apprpriate: laws, plicies and measures, legal and institutinal framewrks, plans and prcesses relevant fr the NDCs; stakehlder cnsultatins and ther prcesses t achieve the bjectives f the NDC, including with indigenus peples; lcal cmmunities; elders and yuth; just transitin; gender; human rights; ther imprtant cnsideratins; Infrmatin gaps/barriers during the NDC design prcess; Relatin f NDC t lng term planning, including develpment / pverty eradicatin / lngterm lw GHG emissin develpment (4.19) plans r strategies; NDCs infrmed by the glbal stcktake (4.9). Assumptins and methdlgical appraches Fairness and ambitin Appraches/methdlgies that will be used fr accunting fr anthrpgenic GHG emissins and remvals, in accrdance with accunting guidance; IPCC methdlgies and metrics, in accrdance with accunting guidance; Cnstructin f the base year(s)/reference indicatr(s)/baseline(s) and r reference levels; Main drivers f natinal GHG emissins; Quantificatin f emissin reductins; Assumptins and methdlgical appraches specific t LULUCF, frests and REDD+, if included in NDC, in accrdance with accunting guidance; Treatment f HWP, natural disturbance, legacy effects, ther; Use f vluntary cperatin under Article 6; Dmestic mitigatin measures that the Party will pursue (4.2); Mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans (4.7); Ensure the methdlgical cnsistency between the cmmunicatin and implementatin; Any changes that may ccur during implementatin; Existing methds and guidance under the Cnventin and Kyt Prtcl. Cnsideratin f fairness and ambitin, including equity; Prgressin and highest pssible ambitin (4.3); 11
12 Hw the Party has addressed Article 4.4 and Article 4.6 f the Paris Agreement; Cnsideratin f best available science; Emissins levels r trajectry cmpared t cunterfactual; Gegraphy, climate r ecnmy; Cnditinal part f the cntributin; Cntributin t the bjective f the Cnventin (Article 2); Cnsistency with Article 2.1(a) and/r Article 4.1 f the Paris Agreement; Cnsideratin f sustainable develpment and effrts t eradicate pverty and in a manner, that des nt threaten fd prductin; Relatin f NDC and lng-term lw-emissin develpment strategy and mitigatin gal.
Varius views were expressed by Parties n whether the fllwing elements shuld be included r nt. These views include: These elements shuld nt be cntained in the guidance; r These elements shuld be cntained in the guidance and applicable t different types f mitigatin targets. 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 Streamlined list f substantive elements Additinal general infrmatin n NDC, incl. infrmatin n the elements under Article 4 Infrmatin n: Specific infrmatin applicable t Parties that decided t act jintly under Article 4.2 f the Paris Agreement, including the Parties that agreed t act jintly and the terms f this agreement, in accrdance with Article 4.16 4.18 f the Paris Agreement; Hw Parties take int cnsideratin the cncerns f Parties with ecnmies mst affected by the impacts f respnse measures, particularly develping cuntry Parties; Infrmatin pursuant t article 4, paragraph 7 f the Paris Agreement n mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans; Additinal infrmatin relevant t the clarity, understanding and transparency f the NDC, nting that such infrmatin wuld nt be subject t review under article 13; Specific infrmatin n cmpliance t implementatin; Specific infrmatin n review & verificatin; Infrmatin n mitigatin, adaptatin and means f implementatin: include, as apprpriate, the items in the infrmatin list, as set ut in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21; Sustainable life styles; Best practices and experience related t the preparatin f the NDCs; Ptential climate benefits and c-benefits in ther areas resulting frm the implementatin f the NDCs; Measures and plicies related t the implementatin f the NDCs; Infrmatin n several r all f the items the items listed in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21; Whether their NDCs include mitigatin, adaptatin and/r supprt. Additinal infrmatin n the mitigatin target f the NDC Descriptin f the target/f each f the different targets if there are several: General descriptin f the mitigatin cntributin [, including as apprpriate a quantitative descriptin f the target, type f target, headline percentage reductin, and/r plicy bjective] [, including n: - sub-targets and sectral mitigatin plan; - cnditinal part f the cntributin, if relevant; - whether the target is a single-year r a multi-year target; - criteria fr determining targets; - vluntary indicatrs/parameters which are deemed necessary by Parties, cnsidering natinal capacity and needs; - mitigatin csts;] Descriptin hw the cntributin is expressed: e.g. as pint target, carbn budget; Infrmatin n ecnmy-wide abslute emissin reductin targets, if applicable, including: - general infrmatin in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21 and ther infrmatin as set ut in decisin 2/CP.17 and 19/CP.18; - infrmatin n the implementatin f article 4 paragraph 15; - quantitative estimated effects resulting frm the mitigatin cmpnent f their NDCs; - existing and envisaged plicies and measures t supprt the implementatin f their emissin reductin targets; - intentins t use ITMOs under Article 6 f the Paris Agreement; and - hw the mitigatin cmpnent f their NDCs culd demnstrate their leadership in mitigating climate change; - infrmatin n measures relevant t the implementatin f their targets at the dmestic and internatinal levels. Infrmatin n dmestic measures, including bth existing and anticipated additinal laws, plans and plicies; Infrmatin n internatinal measures, including jint implementatin as set ut in Articles 4.16-4.18 f the Paris Agreement and the intentin t use internatinal transferred mitigatin utcmes under Article 6 f the Paris Agreement; Additinal infrmatin n mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans; Specific infrmatin n the implementatin f Article 4.15 f the Paris Agreement; 13
321 322 323 324 325 326 327 Infrmatin n their enhanced mitigatin effrts and infrmatin n pssible benefits and effects t be achieved crrespndent t different scales f supprt t be received; Mitigatin infrmatin, n several r all f the items listed in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21; Expected emissins trajectry that will be fllwed by the Party t meet its mitigatin gal; Reprted emissin level changes due t imprvements in transparency, accuracy, cmpleteness, cmparability and cnsistency f data, if applicable; Indicatrs used t track prgress and t assess the attainment f the bjective. 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 Additinal infrmatin n multiple r different types f mitigatin targets in NDCs If the Party has referred t an emissins reductin r limitatin target: infrmatin relating t an abslute, ecnmy-wide emissins reductin r limitatin target, if relevant, including: - expected emissins level in base year and target year fr fixed level target; - headline number in terms f emissin reductin in % relative t the base year; - further infrmatin t help understand the NDC; - multi-year r single year targets (budget-based r single year apprach). If the Party has referred t a BAU baseline r scenari: infrmatin relating t the cnstructin f base years/baselines/reference levels including assumptins and parameters, if relevant, including n: - expected emissins level in the target year fr mitigatin targets based n BAU deviatin; - headline number in terms f emissin reductin in % relative t the base year; - the quantified value f the base year and target year, shuld a prjected baseline be used; - baseline, including emissins level in terms f CO2e; - quantifiable infrmatin n the assumptins and methdlgies used t cnstruct trajectries and any prjected baseline [, and whether these assumptins are cnsistent vertime]; - use f prjectin based baselines and/r reference levels, including cverage f plicies and measures and prjectin methdlgy/mdel; - plicies and measures included/excluded in the baseline, and n what basis? - the apprach used t establish a prjected baseline, if any; - mdel used t develp BAU baseline; - whether the baseline is static r dynamic. If a Party has referred t emissin intensity: infrmatin relating t the intensity target, if applicable, including n: - expected emissins intensity in the target year fr mitigatin intensity targets; - quantified target level f emissins r emissin reductin per unit f GDP, unit f prduct/utput r ppulatin, r anther indicatr; - the level f emissins intensity in the base year/fr the baseline; - index value fr the base year; - headline number in terms f intensity reductin in %; - quantifiable infrmatin n the assumptins and methdlgies used t cnstruct trajectries and any intensity target [, and whether these assumptins are cnsistent vertime]; - data surces [fr the index value]; - surce and type f GDP used, if applicable; - past trends; - prjectins, if available; - timing and parameters f updates. If a Party has referred t an emissin peaking target: infrmatin relating t the emissin peaking target, if applicable, including n: - peaking year; - expected emissins level in peaking year and emissins trajectry twards it fr peaking emissins target, if available; - expected rate f emissins decline after peak, if available. If a party has referred t the implementatin f plicies and measures: infrmatin relating t the plicy and measures, if applicable, including n: - qualitative descriptin f the plicies and measures, including n mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans; - quantitative infrmatin n expected emissins frm the plicies and measures (if pssible) [r avided frm the plicies and measures in terms f CO2e]; - descriptin f methdlgical appraches used t measure impact f plicy, plan r actin; - estimated quantified emissins impact (if available) and underlying assumptin; - base year(s) fr plicy bjectives that are part f the cntributin such as increasing energy efficiency r frest cver; 14
380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 - nn-ghg cntributin including implementatin f plicies and measures; - explanatin n hw t track the prgress in implementatin f the cntributin, including, if applicable, identifying quantifiable indicatrs; - indicatrs the party will use t assess the attainment f the bjective; - clear nn GHG gals. If a party has referred t mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans: technical infrmatin n mitigatin cntributins as necessary, including if available: - descriptin f actins, including diversificatin plans; - indicatrs the party will use t assess the attainment f the bjective; - infrmatin, if applicable, n hw adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans cntribute t mitigatin utcmes f the NDC; - estimated impact f adaptatin actins in emissins levels; - any additinal technical infrmatin the Party deems relevant t specify their GHG and/r nn- GHG mitigatin cntributins, including related mitigatin c-benefit resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans, and ther kinds f cntributins. If a Party has referred t achieving carbn/emissin neutrality: infrmatin relating t the achieving carbn/emissin neutrality, if applicable, including n: - definitin f carbn r emissin neutrality; - accunting apprach used fr carbn neutrality; - hw emissins frm the land sectr will be accunted fr; - whether and t what extent units frm internatinal market mechanisms r ther cmpensatin activities/credits will be used t reach target. PLACEHOLDER fr specific guidance as per type f target. 403 Bx 4: Examples n hw the substantive elements f this sectin can be further streamlined/structured Tpic Streamlined elements Additinal general Parties acting jintly under Article 4.2, in accrdance with Article 4.16 4.18; infrmatin n Cnsideratin f the impacts f respnse measures (Article 4.15); NDC, incl. Mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic infrmatin n the diversificatin plans (Article 4.7); elements under Additinal infrmatin n clarity, understanding and transparency f the NDC; Article 4 Cmpliance t implementatin; Review & verificatin; Sustainable life styles; Best practices and experience related t the preparatin f the NDCs; Climate benefits and c-benefits in ther areas; Plicies and measures; Several r all f the items the items listed in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21, relevant fr mitigatin, adaptatin and means f implementatin; Whether NDC includes mitigatin, adaptatin and/r supprt. Additinal infrmatin n the mitigatin target f the NDC General descriptin f the mitigatin cntributin/target, including if relevant n: sub-targets and sectral mitigatin plan; cnditinal part; criteria fr determining targets; vluntary indicatrs/parameters; mitigatin csts. Single-year r a multi-year target; Mitigatin infrmatin, n several r all f the items listed in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21; Other infrmatin as set ut in decisin 2/CP.17 and 19/CP.18; Cnsideratin f the impacts f respnse measures (Article 4.15 f the Paris Agreement); Existing and planned plicies and measures relevant fr implementatin; Quantitative estimated effects f NDC; Use f ITMOs as referred t in Article 6, f the Paris Agreement; Demnstrate their leadership in mitigating climate change; Parties acting jintly under Article 4.2, in accrdance with Article 4.16 4.18; Mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans (Article 4.7 f the Paris Agreement); 15
Benefits/effects crrespnding t different scales f supprt t be received; Expected emissins trajectry; Reprted emissin level changes; Indicatrs used t track prgress. Additinal infrmatin n multiple r different types f mitigatin targets in NDCs Abslute, ecnmywide emissins Headline number; Expected emissins level in base year and target year; reductin r Further infrmatin t help understand the NDC; limitatin target BAU baseline r scenari target Multi-year r single year targets. Expected emissins level in the base year and target year target year; Headline number; Baseline, including emissins level in terms f CO2e; Assumptins, methdlgies, mdels used t cnstruct trajectries/prjected baseline; Cverage f plicies and measures; Static r dynamic baseline. Intensity target Expected emissins intensity in the base year and/r target year; Headline number; Index value fr the base year; Assumptins, methdlgies, mdels used t cnstruct trajectries/ intensity target; Data surces; Surce and type f GDP used, if applicable; Past trends; Prjectins; Timing and parameters f updates. Emissin peaking target Implementatin f plicies and measures Mitigatin cbenefits resulting frm Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans Carbn/emissin neutrality Peaking year; Expected emissins level in peaking year; Expected emissins trajectry twards peaking year; Expected rate f emissins decline after peak. Qualitative descriptin f the plicies and measures; Estimated quantified emissins impact; Descriptin f methdlgical appraches used t measure impact f PAMs; Base year(s) fr plicy bjectives; Nn-GHG cntributin; Hw t track the prgress in implementatin f the cntributin; Mitigatin c-benefits resulting frm adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans. Descriptin f actins, including diversificatin plans; Infrmatin, if applicable, n hw adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans cntribute t mitigatin utcmes f the NDC; Estimated impact f adaptatin actins in emissins levels; Indicatrs t assess the attainment f the bjective; Any additinal technical infrmatin. If a Party has referred t achieving carbn/emissin neutrality, infrmatin n: Definitin f carbn r emissin neutrality; Accunting apprach; Accunting apprach fr emissins frm the land sectr; Whether and t what extent units frm internatinal market mechanisms r ther cmpensatin activities/credits will be used t reach the target. Other targets PLACEHOLDER fr specific guidance as per type f target. 16
Varius views were expressed by Parties n whether the fllwing elements shuld r shuld nt be included in the guidance, r whether they are in r ut f the mandate f APA 3. These views include: These elements are utside the mandate f this agenda item and hence there shuld be n text; r These elements are in the mandate f this agenda item and hence shuld be included in the guidance. 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 Streamlined list f substantive elements Infrmatin n adaptatin: Infrmatin n: If a Party included an adaptatin cmmunicatin as a cmpnent f its NDC: fllw the guidance being develped under APA agenda item 4; NDC guidance fr adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans resulting in mitigatin cbenefits; The adaptatin cmpnent f the NDC, bth n actins and supprt prvided and needed, as apprpriate, in accrdance with Articles 7, 9, 10 and 11 f the Paris Agreement; Adaptatin effrts in their NDCs; Relevant infrmatin as set ut in paragraph 27 f decisin 1/CP.21 and infrmatin related t the adaptatin cmmunicatin referred t in Articles 7.10 and 7.11 f the Paris Agreement, taking int accunt the utcme f APA agenda item 4; Additinal specific infrmatin n Parties adaptatin actins and/r ecnmic diversificatin plans that result in Mitigatin c-benefits; Adaptatin effrts and needs in the NDC, if applicable; General infrmatin f NDCs abve, if applicable and the utcme f APA agenda item 4. Infrmatin n supprt Infrmatin n: Develped cuntry Parties: indicative quantitative and qualitative the infrmatin n prvisin and mbilizatin f supprt in accrdance with Article 9.5 and its related guidance: - and 3, 4.5, 4.8, 10 and 11 f the Paris Agreement and paragraphs 27 and 55 f decisin 1/CP.21; - as well as taking int accunt relevant infrmatin requirements as set ut in decisin 19/CP.18. Other Parties are encuraged t prvide r cntinue t prvide such infrmatin vluntarily; Develping cuntry Parties: infrmatin n hw enhanced supprt will allw fr higher ambitin in their effrts; Develping cuntry Parties: infrmatin n finance, technlgy and capacity-building supprt needed related t implementatin f their NDCs; Crss-reference t negtiatins n finance. Infrmatin n finance Develped cuntries parties: quantified infrmatin n prvisin f finance supprt in their NDCs, including the fllwing infrmatin: - base year; - perid fr implementatin; - quantitative amunt in the fllwing tw years and five years; - surces, including rati between public and ther resurces; - delivery channels; - areas and pririties f supprt; - relevant assumptins and methdlgies fr accunting the financial resurces, and [, estimating public finance, identifying resurces mbilized by public interventins and ther plicies and attributing private investment]; - fairness and ambitin why such financial resurces are new and additinal and hw such financial supprt will assist develping cuntry Parties t implement their NDCs; - actins t make available the public finance, plicies t attract finance flws frm ther resurces and the causality between public interventins and mbilized investments. Other Parties are encuraged t prvide r cntinue t prvide such infrmatin vluntarily; Develping cuntry parties: infrmatin n finance supprt needed in relatin t implementing their NDCs. Infrmatin n technlgy Develped cuntries parties: quantifiable infrmatin n prvisin f technlgy develpment and transfer supprt in their NDCs, including the fllwing infrmatin: - types f supprt; 17