I TECHNOLOGY Blockchain Concepts Blockchain 20

Transcription

1 I TECHNOLOGY 17 1 Blockchain Concepts Blockchain Blockchain Evolution 21 Blockchain Structure 22 Blockchain Characteristics 22 Blockchain Application Example: Escrow Blockchain Stack Decentralized Computation Platform - 37 Decentralized Storage Platform - Swarm 39 Decentralized Messaging Platform - Whisper 39 Smart Contracts 39 Decentralized Applications (Dapps) 40 Tools & Interfaces 41 From Web 2.0 to the Next Generation Decentralized Web 42 Domain Specific Blockchain Applications Internet of Things 46 Industrial & Manufacturing 48 Registry of Assets & Inventory 52 Energy 52 Supply Chain & Logistics 52

2 Records & Identities 53 Healthcare 55 Blockchain & Challenges 57 2 Blockchain Application Templates Blockchain Application Components Design Methodology for Blockchain Applications Blockchain Application Templates Many-to-One Many-to-One for Applications Many-to-Many or Peer-to-Peer One-to-One for Financial Applications 68 II BLOCKCHAIN COMPONENTS & APPLICATIONS 71 3 Setting up Ethereum Development Tools Ethereum Clients 74 Go-Ethereum Client (geth) 74 Python Ethereum Client (pyethapp) Ethereum Languages Solidity Mist Ethereum Wallet MetaMask Web3 JavaScript API Truffle 92 4 Ethereum Accounts Ethereum Accounts 98 Externally Owned Account (EOAs) 98 Contract Account Keypairs Working with EOA Accounts Creating Account Listing Accounts Updating Accounts Checking Balance Account Transactions

3 4.4 Working with Contract Accounts Compiling & Deploying Contract Interacting with Contracts Instantiating or Watching a Contract 5 Smart Contracts Smart Contract 5.2 Structure of a Contract Setting up and Interacting with a Contract using Geth Client Compiling & Deploying a Contract Transactions and Calls Interacting with a Contract Gas Logs Events Setting up and Interacting with a Contract using Mist Wallet Compiling & Deploying a Contract Interacting with a Contract 5.5 Smart Contract Examples Event Registration Contract Voting Contract Name Registry Contract Smart Switch Contract Smart Contract Patterns Conditions-Effects-Interaction Withdrawal Access Restriction Mortal Automatic Expiration Rejector Circuit Breaker Allow Once per Account Decentralized Applications (Dapps) Implementing Dapps Case Studies Crowdfunding Event Registration Document Verification Call Option Interest Rate Swap Industrial lot - Machine Maintenance 239

4 6.2.7 Solar Charging Stations Mining Consensus on Blockchain Network Mining : Determine Uncles Stage-2: Determine and Process Transactions Stage-3: Apply Mining Rewards Stage-4: Compute Mining Proof-of-Work Block Validation Setting up Mining Node State Storage in Ethereum World State Transactions List Transaction Receipts Modified Merkle Patricia Tree Whisper Whisper Protocol 300 Whisper Envelope and Message 300 Configurable Privacy and Efficiency 301 Whisper Communication Patterns 301 Whisper Wire Protocol 303 Posting a Message 303 Topics, Abridged Topics & Bloomed Topics Whisper Routing Approaches Passive Routing - Peer Steering Active Routing - Topic Filtering Whisper API Newldentity Hasldentity Post Filter Working with Whisper Study: Smart Switch Dapp Swarm Swarm Architecture and Concepts 324 Swarm Nodes 324 Storage Layer 324 Network Layer 328

5 9.2 Incentive Mechanisms in Swarm SWAP SWEAR SWINDLE Swarm Setup Working with Swarm Case Study: Stock Photos Dapp 337 HI ADVANCED TOPICS 349 Advanced Topics on Blockchain Double-Spending Problem Byzantine Fault Tolerance Proof-of-Work vs Proof-of-Stake Consistency, Availability & Partition Tolerance (CAP) Turing Completeness Greedy Heaviest-Observed Sub-Tree (GHOST) Sybil Attack Mining Pools and Centralization Smart Contracts Vulnerabilities Blockchain Scalability 358 Appendix-A - Solidity Language Tutorial 371 Bibliography