Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan. By County, FY2008. August Michigan League FOR Human Services

Transcription

1 Tax Dollars at Work Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan By County, FY2008 August 2009 Michigan League FOR Human Services 1115 S. Pennsylvania Avenue, Suite 202, Lansing, MI (517) Fax: (517)

2 Tax Dollars at Work Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan By County, FY2008 Enclosed is the updated report, Tax Dollars at Work: Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan FY2008. This report includes data on spending and recipients for an array of health and social programs administered by the Departments of Human Services, Community Health, Education, and Energy, Labor and Economic Growth. With Michigan s fiscal woes and a structural deficit (public needs outpacing revenue) continuing for the foreseeable future, fiscal solutions that further erode the safety net will likely continue to be proposed and considered, and perhaps approved, as they have been in the Senate for FY2010. This does not bode well for low-income Michigan residents struggling to meet their needs in this challenging economic time. It is critical that policymakers understand the positive benefits, both human and economic, of public programs and recognize the public good that they serve. The safety net spending included in this report represents critical investments in the state s human capital both now and for the future. Hundreds of thousands of people in communities in every corner of Michigan who need services benefit from these programs, as do the local economies. As can be readily seen from the data in this report, the safety net is stretched far too thin. Studies continue to confirm the benefits of public spending to maintain public services and to promote economic and job growth. One example is The Economic Impact of American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, January 21, 2009, by Mark Zandi, Chief Economist at Moody s Economy.com. Not only do many public programs garner federal funds that match or exceed the state funds invested, but these public program expenditures also create demand for other goods and services and expenditures within local communities. For example, a Family Independence Program payment to a recipient will generate income to a landlord or utility company who will, in turn, use the funds to purchase goods or services or pay employees. A Medicaid provider payment will generate income to the provider that will, in turn, be used to pay employee salaries and purchase other goods or services. Individual county profiles for Tax Dollars at Work are available that identify not only the amount of revenue flowing into the community for various programs, but also the number of people impacted by selected programs and services. Individual county profiles can be found on the Michigan League for Human Services website at We hope the data in this report will be helpful to you. Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 2

3 Michigan Highlights A lthough FY2008 spending for the selected programs included in this report increased by more than $1billion over FY2007 spending, nearly $700 million of the increase is federal funds that provided economic stimulus to local communities. While it is encouraging that overall spending increased in such difficult economic times, it is very troubling that key safety net programs, including the Family Independence Program, Disability, Emergency Relief, and Child Day Care declined during such difficult economic times. In addition, energy assistance spending declined for the second year in a row during a time of high fuel and energy costs. Summary of safety net spending, by category, statewide: Total Public Spending for Selected Programs $15.1 billion Health Care $10.3 billion (68.0%) Tax Dollars at Work: Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs FY2008 Income $1.7 billion (11.4%) $1.27 billion is Supplemental Security Income. Nutrition Services $1.9 billion (12.3%) Work Support $484.0 million (3.2%) Children s Services $589.2 million (3.9%) Emergency Services $167.6 million (1.1%) Health Care Services 68.0% Work Support 3.2% Children's Services 3.9% Income 11.4% Nutrition Services % Emergency Services 1.1% Family Independence Program - 2.4% Disability - 0.2% Supplemental Security Income - 8.8% Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 3

4 At the state level, medical services and supports constitute the largest sector of the safety net, representing more than twothirds of safety net spending at $10.3 billion. The number of people eligible for medical assistance totaled nearly 2 million. These funds not only assist low-income families and individuals with needed medical care, but also produce considerable economic opportunities generating benefits to the state and individual communities in the form of jobs, wages, and infused revenues. The next largest individual program in the safety net is the Food Program. wide expenditures for this program exceeded $1.5 billion in federal funds. These funds provide low-income families and individuals with supplemental food purchasing power to assist recipients in obtaining a healthful and nutritious diet. The Supplemental Security Income program is another key program providing $1.33 billion in federal and state funded cash assistance to aged, blind, and disabled recipients. Of the $1.33 billion, about $57 million are state funds; the balance of the program is federally funded. Other cash assistance programs (Family Independence Program and Disability ) contribute about $400 million of income assistance to low-income families and individuals, a significant decline from the prior year. The need for Energy, such as Home Heating Tax Credit payments and emergency or monthly supplemental energy payments, continues to increase; however, federal funding has not kept pace with need. While the total number of low-income families and individuals receiving assistance with their energy costs increased slightly (about one percent), providing support to nearly 1.5 million recipients, the expenditures decreased by nearly $12 million in FY2008. The number of recipients increased dramatically for several other programs. Most notable is the Food Program which grew by 58,000 individuals, reaching nearly 1.3 million recipients in FY2008. WIC and Work First/Welfare to Work programs each experienced sizable increases for the first time in several years. Significant declines occurred in two key programs for lowincome residents the Family Independence Program and the Child Day Care program. The decline of 27,000 recipients in FIP in FY2008 is particularly alarming in view of the recession and increasing unemployment. FIP spending has declined to FY2003 levels, after four years of increases. The reduction from FY2007 to FY2008 is nearly $65 million. The Child Day Care Program continued to experience significant expenditure reductions in FY2008. Spending for this primary work support for low-income families and families receiving cash assistance declined by nearly $35 million. This continues a disconcerting trend: As the push for welfare recipients to gain employment intensifies, the amount of support for this transition continues to decrease. Spending for children in foster care and receiving services through the Child Care Fund ended the year at nearly identical amounts to FY2007. Expenditures in FY2008 totaled nearly $600 million, with Title IV-E spending increasing slightly ($.5 million) and Child Care Fund decreasing by a similar amount. More than 85 percent of safety net spending goes directly to service providers in local communities, assisting not only the individuals and families, but also the local economies. Nearly every program included in this analysis brings federal dollars to the of Michigan and provides a return to Michigan of the tax dollars paid to the federal government. Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 4

5 Five-Year History of Selected Programs F ollowing is a history of selected programs included in this report. During this time, policy changes, state funding constraints and federal funding shortfalls have greatly impacted safety net spending. Highlights of some of the changes follow. The Family Independence Program experienced the most notable change a decline to FY2003 spending levels and a decline of 27,000 recipients from FY2007 during the state s ongoing recession. Food program growth continues at unprecedented levels with participants increasing by 51 percent in the last six years, while expenditures increased by 92 percent. Energy assistance expenditures declined for the second year in a row. Work supports for low-income families continued their steady decline in FY2008. Child day care spending is at its lowest level since FY2001 despite increased work requirements for cash assistance recipients, as well as an increased focus on seeking work prior to approval of a cash assistance application. Spending for medical services continues to dominate the safety net spending included in this report at 68 percent of the total spending. Spending for abused, neglected, or delinquent youth shifted dramatically over the last five years from state-operated programs to countyoperated programs, likely the result of fewer children qualifying for the federal Title IV-E program. Family Independence Program EXPENDITURES Income Emergency Services Health Care Nutrition Services Children's Services Work Support Disability Supplemental Security Income Emergency Relief (Excludes Burials) Emergency Relief: Burials Health Care Services ~Estimated Food Program School Lunch & Breakfast Programs Women, Infants, Children Program ~Estimated Foster Care (Title IV-E and Ward Board & Care) Work First and Welfare to Work ~Estimated Energy Child Child GRAND Year Care Fund Day Care TOTAL* FY2003 $365,468,321 $26,510,361 $1,114,778,600 $11,587,328 $7,141,329 $101,959,096 $6,940,591,900 $787,542,288 $162,885,088 $131,300,271 $296,130,622 $215,805,789 $476,532,810 $125,730,600 $10,763,964,400 FY ,262,056 29,316,202 1,135,091,100 11,563,841 5,500,572 93,809,489 7,487,323, ,024, ,504, ,625, ,189, ,977, ,391, ,561,100 11,509,141,100 FY ,581,468 31,355,266 1,180,809,100 11,173,931 5,335, ,040,912 7,860,976,300 1,104,893, ,340, ,619, ,639, ,386, ,668, ,168,300 12,109,988,700 FY ,461,813 32,811,789 1,226,435,700 12,444,988 5,256, ,308,651 8,709,926,400 1,244,219, ,201, ,837, ,147, ,294, ,283, ,620,500 13,227,250,800 FY ,618,293 34,419,652 1,270,785,000 13,183,125 4,409, ,163,122 9,335,441,700 1,376,150, ,408, ,179, ,522, ,361, ,905,274 97,724,800 14,051,271,900 FY ,046,509 33,938,979 1,328,569,300 12,433,527 3,958, ,173,710 10,294,522,500 1,512,540, ,277, ,017, ,343, ,808, ,361, ,665,600 15,129,429,259 % Chg: 2003 Current 0% 28% 19% 7% - 45% 48% 48% 92% 6% 35% 41% - 20% - 20% - 18% *Grand Total excludes Summer Food Programs, not included in above table. RECIPIENTS Income Emergency Services Health Care Nutrition Services Children's Services Work Support Year FIP SDA SSI SER SER: Burials Energy Health Care Services ~Estimated Food School Lunch/ Breakfast WIC ~Estimated Child Care Fund Foster Care Child Day Care Work First & W to W ~Estimated FY ,962 9, ,870 62,581 7, ,541 1,666, , ,215 N/A N/A 10, , ,369 FY ,569 10, ,594 62,738 6, ,005 1,796, , ,343 N/A N/A 10, , ,100 FY ,252 10, ,524 60,633 6,763 1,036,389 1,856,759 1,047, , ,875 N/A 9, , ,198 FY ,318 10, ,342 70,873 6,905 1,300,662 1,910,589 1,133, , ,900 N/A 8, ,758 95,499 FY ,102 11, ,656 68,535 6,548 1,314,023 1,939,272 1,204, , ,639 N/A 8, ,062 95,004 FY ,181 10, ,135 68,197 6,858 1,477,738 1,978,099 1,262, , ,824 N/A 8,340 97, ,105 % Chg: 2003 Current 5% 14% 3% 9% - 7% 59% 19% 51% 11% N/A N/A - 21% - 20% - 2% Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 5

6 of Michigan Profile INTRODUCTION: The current debates over spending levels for public programs underscore the importance of recognizing both the human impact of public social and health programs and the vital services they provide to low-income recipients. The citizens served by these programs range from the young through the elderly, and from families to individuals. Children are key beneficiaries of these programs either through direct services such as medical assistance, school food programs, or child care; or indirectly though payments to their families through such programs as the Family Independence Program, Energy Program, or Food Program. Many programs included in this report experienced increases in both the dollar value of the expenditures, and the number of people served compared to FY2007. The Food Program, Energy Program, and Medicaid Program each continued to serve well over one million persons during FY2008. The Family Independence Program (FIP), however, experienced a dramatic decline, which is particularly alarming in view of the state s economy. Policy and administrative changes implemented during FY2007 certainly contributed to the decline. In FY2007, only 30 percent of children living at or below the poverty level were receiving FIP benefits. In FY2008, with the caseload decline, that percentage is likely considerably lower. It is also important to note that nearly every program included in this analysis brings federal dollars to the local community, providing a return of the tax dollars paid to the federal government. The following statewide profile includes public spending totals for specific categories of social and health programs and recipients for selected programs within the categories. DEFINITIONS AND SPENDING CATEGORIES INCLUDED IN THE PROFILE: Recipients are those persons who actually received a service or benefit from a program; eligibles are those persons who were eligible, but may or may not have received a benefit. For example, a person can be eligible for Medicaid, but may or may not have a claim paid on their behalf during the fiscal year. Recipients have not been totaled for the Income Total, Work Support Total or the Grand Total due to the likelihood of duplication between and among programs. Nutrition Services include Food Program (formerly Food Stamp Program), School Lunch and Breakfast Programs, Summer Food Program, and the Women, Infants & Children (WIC) Program. Emergency Services include Emergency Relief, including Burials, and Energy Programs, including Heat, Electric and Energy-Related Home Repairs, and Home Heating Tax Credit for tax year Health Care Services include regular Medicaid payments, Disproportionate Share Hospital Payments, Title XIX funded mental health payments, the Title XIX component of Children s Special Health Care Services, Home Help and Personal Care Services payments, Adult Benefits Waiver Program payments, and MIChild Program payments. Children s Services include Child Care Fund total expenditures (federal, state, and local) and Foster Care (Title IV-E funded and Ward Board and Care). Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 6

7 of Michigan Profile Expenditures* Monthly Average Recipients/Eligibles Income Total $ 1,726,554,800 N/A Family Independence Program 364,046, ,181 Disability 33,939,000 10,427 Supplemental Security Income 1,328,569, ,135 1 Nutrition Services 1,867,607,400 1,262,951 2 Emergency Services 167,565,500 1,477,738 3 Work Support Total 484,027,200 N/A Child Day Care 381,361,600 97,856 Work First and Welfare to Work 102,665, ,105 4 Health Care Services 10,294,522,500 2,007,878 1 Children s Services 589,151,800 8,340 5 TOTAL SPENDING FOR SELECTED PROGRAMS $15,129,429,200 N/A *Expenditures are rounded to nearest hundred; may not total due to rounding. 1 Reflects persons eligible. 2 Due to the likely duplication among nutrition programs, only the Food Program recipients are included in this table. 3 Due to the possible duplication among emergency services programs, only the recipients of energy assistance are included in this table. 4 Work First participants. 5 Includes Foster Care (Title IV-E and Ward Board and Care) recipients only. Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 7

8 Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan By County, Fiscal Year 2008 County Family Independence Program INCOME ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SERVICES HEALTH CARE SERVICES Disability Supplemental Security Income Emergency Relief (Excludes Burials) Emergency Relief: Burials Energy MIChild Home Help Services Medical Totals $364,046,509 $33,938,979 $1,328,569,300 $12,433,527 $3,958,309 $151,173,710 $34,817,300 $213,877,800 $10,045,827,400 Alcona 97,688 42,287 1,449,000 7,224 3, ,882 51, ,900 10,309,300 Alger 93,639 25,256 1,115,600 12,591 1, ,238 38,500 87,500 9,591,500 Allegan 1,649, ,504 9,148,700 45,945 20,417 1,205, ,600 1,170,300 91,307,900 Alpena 839, ,267 5,735,400 20,930 12, , , ,000 35,820,400 Antrim 238,139 68,376 2,382,700 25,031 4, , , ,100 26,055,700 Arenac 427,748 59,357 3,122,300 22,207 4, ,393 59, ,200 23,382,200 Baraga 207,617 22,035 1,176,200 19,934 1, ,718 28, ,000 11,954,500 Barry 969, ,015 4,007,500 59,060 9, , , ,900 47,402,100 Bay 3,356, ,012 14,944, ,378 40,047 1,662, ,600 3,034, ,992,000 Benzie 192,527 48,848 1,582,400 12,063 1, , , ,000 19,102,800 Berrien 6,268, ,489 27,925, ,592 63,027 1,947, ,000 3,278, ,649,700 Branch 1,284, ,750 4,680,500 86,140 14, , , ,600 52,394,500 Calhoun 7,540, ,515 24,511, ,332 44,008 2,482, ,200 2,726, ,678,200 Cass 1,337, ,025 5,856,700 59,614 10, , , ,500 52,184,900 Charlevoix 204,718 58,412 1,655,100 20,629 5, , , ,900 25,418,400 Cheboygan 495,038 83,617 3,474,000 28,983 8, , , ,800 32,667,300 Chippewa 783, ,574 4,965,400 34,209 9, , , ,100 36,460,000 Clare 1,365, ,753 6,893,400 66,504 15,663 1,128, , ,600 48,441,500 Clinton 463,314 83,594 3,904,400 45,350 3, , , ,600 37,217,600 Crawford 318,233 56,722 1,873,400 17,997 2, ,335 49, ,800 17,825,800 Delta 674,000 75,448 5,280,700 39,418 9, , , ,500 42,031,500 Dickinson 214,220 72,473 2,879,800 9,720 8, , , ,600 26,925,900 Eaton 1,400, ,800 7,517, ,308 7, , ,400 1,533,800 68,293,600 Emmet 239, ,195 3,043,500 27,827 3, , , ,500 35,760,300 Genesee 30,258,594 2,453,465 80,034, , ,289 9,594,104 1,767,800 11,955, ,240,000 Gladwin 696,882 88,132 4,062,100 38,742 4, , , ,700 37,272,200 Gogebic 780,788 47,417 2,334,200 50,839 7, ,709 85, ,600 24,040,000 Gr. Traverse 733, ,849 7,245, ,221 12,116 1,053, ,100 1,416,000 81,833,600 Gratiot 1,123,633 86,318 5,286,800 20,451 3, , , ,700 54,044,300 Hillsdale 1,091, ,322 6,268,900 53,882 7, , , ,600 57,006,100 Houghton 394, ,154 3,843,800 45,064 17, , , ,000 46,415,400 Huron 546, ,909 4,389,500 41,201 6, , , ,500 40,718,300 Ingham 6,502,604 1,016,182 36,243, ,344 97,495 3,212, ,600 5,471, ,886,100 Ionia 1,020, ,770 6,384,100 55,315 8, , ,600 1,125,900 53,354,300 Iosco 656, ,581 3,983,300 43,206 7, ,869 96, ,300 35,633,400

9 INCOME ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SERVICES HEALTH CARE SERVICES County FIP SDA SSI SER SER: Burials Energy MIChild Home Help Medical Iron 228,795 50,981 1,612,700 16, ,111 74, ,700 23,783,200 Isabella 1,105,523 73,639 7,032,800 33,040 9, , ,700 1,100,900 73,606,900 Jackson 4,515, ,451 21,626, ,738 33,950 2,625, ,600 2,927, ,480,900 Kalamazoo 8,092,977 1,080,635 30,483, ,464 84,618 3,213, ,700 5,326, ,121,000 Kalkaska 269,339 52,054 2,394,800 24,849 5, , , ,700 24,061,100 Kent 19,283,498 2,343,636 75,069,500 1,289, ,232 6,518,959 1,702,200 8,446, ,952,400 Keweenaw 15,744 1, ,700 1,725 1,200 63,501 8,900 34,400 2,583,700 Lake 403,211 67,698 3,322,400 18,009 3, ,983 38, ,600 21,185,200 Lapeer 1,294, ,357 5,917,300 40,134 8, , , ,600 64,910,700 Leelanau 66,290 29, ,900 3,400 1, , ,700 99,000 8,380,600 Lenawee 1,602, ,840 9,876, ,598 21,043 1,170, ,000 1,280,300 87,479,100 Livingston 824, ,025 4,838,100 10,774 13, , ,400 1,464,800 70,182,500 Luce 212,474 29,848 1,321,700 7,721 1, ,164 23,600 98,500 10,235,200 Mackinac 148,877 28,655 1,067,100 8,830 2, ,220 67, ,900 12,791,700 Macomb 14,167,748 1,796,834 66,120, , ,592 6,022,132 3,193,100 13,987, ,390,100 Manistee 623, ,951 3,522,500 22,861 8, , , ,700 27,769,200 Marquette 854, ,272 6,408,400 66,431 18, , ,500 1,039,600 62,456,000 Mason 726,760 71,678 3,819,600 43,678 5, ,655 96, ,700 32,235,700 Mecosta 1,033, ,341 6,050,700 37,232 4,323 1,058, ,800 1,096,200 43,229,800 Menominee 317,806 88,716 2,291,700 24,293 3, ,087 61, ,500 24,704,700 Midland 1,431, ,236 8,348,500 72,262 18,488 1,233, ,800 2,558,400 72,194,300 Missaukee 232,645 33,213 1,182,200 7,075 2, ,089 71, ,700 12,268,800 Monroe 2,945, ,158 12,792,500 91,268 29,704 1,175, ,600 1,565, ,444,000 Montcalm 1,330, ,254 8,803,200 78,026 17,019 1,470, ,500 1,240,700 65,948,300 Montmorency 230,806 65,780 1,685,500 22,348 5, ,678 46, ,200 12,370,800 Muskegon 13,668, ,606 32,490, ,820 75,360 3,887, ,000 3,516, ,628,500 Newaygo 1,131, ,899 7,493,600 43,902 16,860 1,302, ,600 1,281,600 52,459,400 Oakland 15,206,310 2,119,398 93,991, , ,831 6,557,023 3,881,800 13,301, ,412,900 Oceana 1,331,196 59,908 3,819,600 43,718 6, , , ,200 38,756,800 Ogemaw 736, ,863 4,092,400 67,289 9, ,490 94,100 1,171,300 28,343,100 Ontonagon 127,183 19, ,000 22,057 4, ,882 35, ,300 8,981,900 Osceola 566,512 66,542 3,862,000 23,855 2, ,259 87, ,800 23,211,100 Oscoda 276,471 50,404 1,576,300 15,130 5, ,731 45, ,300 12,128,800 Otsego 539,108 74,791 2,467,600 62,837 14, , ,800 1,211,500 28,453,900 Ottawa 2,022, ,383 12,695,500 72,206 13,447 1,208, ,700 1,170, ,849,300 Presque Isle 172,049 51,769 1,667,300 8,811 1, ,135 42, ,400 12,430,700 Roscommon 628, ,242 4,286,400 69,286 7, , , ,800 35,508,800 Saginaw 11,704, ,685 43,821, , ,559 5,170, ,900 5,646, ,619,800 St. Clair 4,944, ,062 15,751, ,614 47,880 2,527, ,100 2,575, ,223,500 St. Joseph 1,724, ,307 7,014,600 74,833 28, , ,800 1,021,400 70,069,500 Sanilac 816, ,673 4,832,000 65,343 10,548 1,213, ,600 1,089,200 50,575,500 Schoolcraft 161,818 24,078 1,485,400 7,880 1, ,992 51, ,800 12,816,000 Shiawassee 1,554, ,855 7,887,700 84,624 24,878 1,153, , ,700 68,941,200 Tuscola 1,153, ,825 6,359,900 33,265 14,375 1,043, , ,900 59,550,400 Van Buren 2,250, ,027 11,464,700 53,710 27,350 1,336, ,300 1,765,800 88,313,300 Washtenaw 5,338, ,603 24,711, ,659 68,869 2,665, ,400 5,716, ,678,900 Wayne 160,533,309 8,786, ,786,300 2,348,926 1,766,922 45,907,982 5,745,100 76,860,100 2,824,501,000 Wexford 1,032, ,398 5,426,200 62,098 10, , , ,100 42,295,500 Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 8

10 Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan By County, Fiscal Year 2008 County Food NUTRITION SERVICES CHILDREN S SERVICES WORK SUPPORT School Lunch and Breakfast Programs Summer Food Programs Women, Infants, Children Program Child Care Fund Foster Care (Title IV-E and Ward Board & Care) Child Day Care Work First and Welfare to Work GRAND TOTAL Totals $1,512,540,680 $172,277,010 $5,771,951 $177,017,800 $417,343,080 $171,808,742 $381,361,562 $102,665,600 $15,129,429,259 Alcona 1,344, , , , ,923 91,723 61,100 14,454,051 Alger 861, , ,961 19,176 34,196 97,042 57,300 12,530,231 Allegan 11,690,551 1,984,134 34,667 4,194,900 4,558,076 1,200,502 2,106, , ,536,815 Alpena 5,284, ,821 8, , , , , ,800 52,171,155 Antrim 2,575, ,320 22, , , , ,711 91,000 35,089,383 Arenac 2,998, , , , , , ,700 33,188,387 Baraga 1,204, ,963 1, ,800 33, , ,541 86,400 15,920,330 Barry 6,360, , ,070, , ,317 1,095, ,700 65,215,234 Bay 17,681,013 1,856,400 47,517 1,914,900 1,919, ,769 4,296,153 1,255, ,877,654 Benzie 1,887, , , ,640 19, , ,700 24,998,360 Berrien 26,873,592 3,440, ,417 2,754,600 6,259,290 5,055,793 7,307,987 1,817, ,160,667 Branch 6,217, , ,079, , ,805 1,200, ,100 71,256,155 Calhoun 28,325,819 2,987, ,958 3,081,400 4,346,324 2,346,637 5,866,848 2,706, ,277,391 Cass 7,535, ,210 87,068 1,285, ,666 2,041,617 1,565, ,800 76,121,794 Charlevoix 2,332, ,699 7, , , , ,014 72,900 33,298,344 Cheboygan 4,251, , , , , , ,100 45,525,668 Chippewa 4,488, ,657 17, , , , , ,400 51,845,079 Clare 7,640, ,723 39, , , , , ,200 70,247,435 Clinton 4,963, , ,000 1,183,961 1,404,770 1,171, ,500 53,499,771 Crawford 2,351, ,386 8, , , , , ,400 25,125,171 Delta 5,298, ,358 7, , , , , ,400 58,519,508 Dickinson 2,508, ,215 28, , , , , ,700 36,110,867 Eaton 10,110,497 1,679, ,300 4,100, ,141 3,057, , ,404,486 Emmet 3,452, , , , , ,331 89,300 46,845,329 Genesee 101,766,772 9,466, ,887 8,476,400 15,665,575 14,474,508 37,966,174 9,061, ,858,835 Gladwin 4,565, ,206 13, , , , , ,600 50,547,775 Gogebic 2,455, ,903 15, , ,130 1,015, , ,500 32,664,092 Gr. Traverse 9,302,309 1,426,557 42,464 1,599,700 1,464,463 1,984,005 1,931, , ,364,757 Gratiot 6,012, , , , ,120 1,236, ,700 72,787,628 Hillsdale 6,410, ,954 1, , , , , ,700 77,647,109 Houghton 4,013, ,991 31, ,600 57, , , ,800 58,512,667 Huron 4,252, , , , , , ,100 54,757,545 Ingham 45,461,764 5,052, ,559 4,817,700 14,751,433 6,896,157 11,261,578 2,955, ,515,966 Ionia 8,024,149 1,204,246 23,440 1,193,800 1,051, ,937 1,184, ,200 77,546,252 Iosco 5,031, ,456 4, , , , , ,500 50,030,374

11 County Food Assist. NUTRITION SERVICES CHILDREN S SERVICES WORK SUPPORT School Lunch/ Breakfast Summer Food Programs WIC Child Care Fund Foster Care Child Day Care Work First & Welfare to Work GRAND TOTAL Iron 1,472, ,822 8, ,200 87, , , ,500 28,845,169 Isabella 10,702, , ,300 1,867, ,357 1,576, , ,473,219 Jackson 24,457,295 2,949, ,705 3,404,800 4,098,037 3,441,753 4,579,328 1,410, ,115,160 Kalamazoo 38,182,028 4,028, ,406 4,317,400 7,104,275 4,230,188 9,359,614 2,790, ,707,911 Kalkaska 2,953, ,930 17, , , , , ,700 32,983,644 Kent 83,338,891 11,624, ,985 13,506,100 30,480,423 9,790,305 25,412,111 5,285, ,693,888 Keweenaw 162, ,310 8,844 5,789 3,300 3,214,091 Lake 2,789, ,057 13, , , , , ,000 30,328,929 Lapeer 8,804,331 1,562,075 30,360 1,506,100 1,129, ,789 1,486, ,500 89,868,914 Leelanau 1,015, , , , , ,794 13,100 11,775,308 Lenawee 11,667,824 2,012,320 37,335 1,397,600 3,270,086 1,311,707 2,744, , ,238,244 Livingston 8,085,965 2,004,128 31,431 1,089,800 1,816,903 1,268,502 1,370, ,800 94,937,351 Luce 1,012, , ,797 61, , ,511 71,200 13,851,868 Mackinac 934, , , , , ,353 49,000 16,309,319 Macomb 83,057,384 10,602,890 92,583 7,854,200 21,420,928 10,648,952 19,036,707 4,085, ,185,241 Manistee 3,556, ,259 21, , , , , ,700 39,301,255 Marquette 7,387, ,145 57,932 1,027,100 1,983, , , ,500 85,183,421 Mason 4,285, ,658 23, , , ,038 1,099, ,300 45,854,477 Mecosta 9,190, ,459 24, , , , , ,600 65,885,327 Menominee 2,914, , ,100 14, , , ,700 33,382,956 Midland 9,456,618 1,137,116 25,936 1,157,900 3,519, ,469 1,568, , ,475,315 Missaukee 1,968, ,458 7, , , , , ,600 17,957,204 Monroe 14,979,294 2,308,173 24,235 1,999,600 3,923,012 1,968,856 3,037, , ,241,012 Montcalm 10,434,262 1,568,279 30,494 1,279, , ,358 1,087, ,200 95,633,891 Montmorency 1,820, , ,500 46,780 28, ,294 43,600 17,594,358 Muskegon 41,094,456 4,216, ,420 4,692,500 5,721,865 3,593,994 9,264,868 4,083, ,257,123 Newaygo 7,867,752 1,015,828 55,080 1,171,400 1,144,868 1,041,631 1,041, ,400 78,026,166 Oakland 83,889,699 15,219, ,519 11,414,600 26,763,072 15,179,147 22,912,440 5,159, ,061,196 Oceana 5,194, ,031 54, , ,765 51,918 1,026, ,400 54,205,396 Ogemaw 5,061, , , , , , ,400 43,606,824 Ontonagon 798, , ,500 13, ,440 96,406 58,200 12,158,555 Osceola 3,975, ,047 13, , , , , ,700 35,416,070 Oscoda 1,791, , , ,532 19, , ,300 17,221,544 Otsego 3,668, ,167 1, , , ,377 1,003, ,900 40,160,463 Ottawa 16,460,099 3,738, ,479 1,485,600 7,329,937 1,109,637 4,077, , ,197,663 Presque Isle 1,392, , , ,490 35, ,232 78,600 17,097,536 Roscommon 5,461, , , , , , ,400 50,569,825 Saginaw 43,100,732 4,643,968 92,405 4,862,800 4,012,631 5,193,768 13,457,985 3,931, ,268,626 St. Clair 24,308,363 2,575,473 10,695 2,689,200 5,554,828 2,868,289 4,813,868 1,362, ,209,361 St. Joseph 9,253,845 1,608,601 87,482 1,595, ,433 1,622,459 1,553, ,800 98,151,247 Sanilac 7,811,071 1,194,710 10, , , ,456 1,146, ,900 71,113,874 Schoolcraft 1,320, ,123 3, ,900 55, , ,381 94,300 17,120,420 Shiawassee 10,659,607 1,546,435 7,287 1,381, , ,455 1,800, ,600 98,963,313 Tuscola 7,645,396 1,383,755 38,543 1,143, , ,810 1,134, ,600 82,609,272 Van Buren 13,013,228 2,481, ,601 1,774, ,957 1,655,410 2,094, , ,607,249 Washtenaw 31,568,750 3,894, ,895 3,404,400 9,753,166 2,659,509 9,223,248 1,839, ,102,273 Wayne 470,295,439 34,469,635 1,414,908 48,654, ,118,860 43,685, ,674,888 34,487,300 4,531,036,813 Wexford 6,741, ,754 14, , , ,419 1,194, ,700 61,779,146 Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 9

12 Recipients of Public Spending for Selected Health and Social Programs in Michigan By County, Fiscal Year 2008 County INCOME ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SERVICES HEALTH CARE Family Independence Program Disability Supplemental Security Income Emergency Relief (Excludes Burials) Emergency Relief: Burials Energy MIChild Medical CHILDREN S SERVICES Foster Care (Title IV-E and Ward Board & Care) Food Program NUTRITION SERVICES School Lunch and Breakfast Programs Women, Infants, Children Program WORK SUPPORT Child Day Care Work First and Welfare to Work Totals 210,181 10, ,135 68,197 6,858 1,477,738 29,779 1,978,099 8,340 1,262, , ,824 97, ,105 Alcona , , , Alger , , Allegan , , , ,585 5,961 6, Alpena , , ,757 1, Antrim , , ,496 1, Arenac , , ,670 1, Baraga , , , Barry , , ,658 2,327 1, Bay 1, ,465 2, , , ,220 6,388 2,760 1,314 1,338 Benzie , , ,738 1, Berrien 3, ,606 1, , , ,847 11,165 4,002 2,068 1,899 Branch , , ,656 3,066 1, ,018 Calhoun 4, ,043 1, , , ,635 10,959 4,657 1,637 3,875 Cass , , ,686 3,260 1, Charlevoix , , ,137 1, Cheboygan , , ,940 1, Chippewa , , ,048 2,395 1, Clare , , , ,493 2, Clinton , , ,297 2, Crawford , , ,158 1, Delta , , ,721 2,514 1, Dickinson , , ,401 1, Eaton , , , ,719 4,681 1, ,079 Emmet , , ,164 1, Genesee 17, ,201 5, ,806 1, , ,529 32,988 11,134 8,407 9,499 Gladwin , , ,990 1, Gogebic , , , Gr. Traverse , , , ,386 4,491 2, Gratiot , , ,494 2,739 1, Hillsdale , , , ,834 3,198 1, Houghton , , ,679 2, Huron , , ,783 2, Ingham 3, ,978 7, , , ,802 17,091 6,848 2,629 3,698 Ionia , , , ,141 4,227 1, Iosco , , ,469 3,

13 INCOME ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SERVICES HEALTH CARE County FIP SDA SSI SER SER: Burials Energy Assist. MIChild Medical Assist. CHILDREN S SERVICES Foster Care Food Assist. NUTRITION SERVICES School Lun./Brkfst. WIC WORK SUPPORT Iron , , , Isabella , , , ,349 1,407 1, Jackson 2, ,567 1, , , ,746 10,039 5,234 1,348 1,589 Kalamazoo 4, ,028 1, , , ,714 13,560 6,347 2,512 3,498 Kalkaska , , ,768 1, Kent 10, ,382 6, ,203 1, , ,817 40,121 19,892 6,292 5,751 Keweenaw Lake , , , Lapeer , , ,610 4,262 2, Leelanau , , Lenawee , , , ,450 5,490 2, Livingston , , ,992 4,298 1, Luce , , Mackinac , , Macomb 8, ,906 2, ,343 2, , ,891 37,167 10,173 4,367 4,195 Manistee , , ,236 1, Marquette , , , ,268 2,678 1, Mason , , ,076 1, Mecosta , , ,422 3,390 1, Menominee , , ,559 1, Midland , , , ,363 3,590 1, Missaukee , , ,791 1, Monroe 1, , , , ,849 6,080 2, Montcalm , , , ,030 6,049 1, Montmorency , , , Muskegon 7, ,359 3, , , ,388 15,366 7,153 2,854 5,239 Newaygo , , , ,217 4,333 1, Oakland 8, ,503 2, ,917 3, , ,997 46,955 15,089 5,079 4,067 Oceana , , ,821 2,045 1, Ogemaw , , ,431 1, Ontonagon , , Osceola , , ,546 2, Oscoda , , , Otsego , , ,478 1, Ottawa 1, , , , ,099 11,743 2,307 1, Presque Isle , , , Roscommon , , ,619 2, Saginaw 6, ,228 4, , , ,965 15,718 6,864 3,738 4,189 St. Clair 2, ,598 1, , , ,646 8,433 3,788 1,303 1,399 St. Joseph , , , ,201 5,242 2, Sanilac , , ,749 3,565 1, Schoolcraft , , , Shiawassee , , , ,295 4,609 1, Tuscola , , , ,979 5,055 1, Van Buren 1, , , , ,504 7,324 2, Washtenaw 3, ,076 1, , , ,742 10,151 5,009 2,025 1,944 Wayne 93,111 2,828 71,717 11,599 2, ,305 4, ,854 2, , ,083 55,940 33,418 30,504 Wexford , , ,067 2,769 1, Child Day Care Work First & W to W Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 10

14 Program descriptions, revenue sources & data sources Child Care Fund Reimburses local governments for programs that serve abused, neglected, or delinquent youth. County, state, and federal funded. [FY2008 Department of Human Services (DHS) Publication 292, Table 16, Total Expenditures (includes spending from all sources)] Child Day Care Provides assistance to low-income families with the cost of child care while the parent(s) is working or participating in other DHS defined/approved activities. Federal and state funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 53 and 54] Energy Provides assistance to low-income families and individuals with their energy costs. Includes emergency and monthly energy payments for FIP recipients, Home Heating Tax Credit payments for tax year 2006, and supplemental energy payments. Federally funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Table 68] Family Independence Program Provides cash assistance to families with children and pregnant women who meet income and asset requirements. Federal and state funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 6 and 7] Food Program (Formerly Food Stamp Program) Provides supplemental food purchasing funding for low-income families and individuals who meet income/ related program criteria. Federally funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 45 and 48] Foster Care Provides payment for placement and supervision of children removed from their homes due to abuse, neglect, or delinquency. Foster care payments are federal/state (if specific criteria are met) or state/county (if criteria for federal participation are not met). [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 64, 65, 66 and 67] Home Help Program Provides assistance with activities of daily living to low-income individuals who also meet specific non-financial criteria. Federal and state funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 58 cases, not published in this report, and 61 expenditures] Medical Health care coverage for individuals and families who meet categoryspecific income and asset criteria. Requirements vary by category. Federal and state funded programs. [Total expenditures and persons eligible provided by the Department of Community Health.] MIChild Program Provides health insurance coverage, including dental and mental health/substance abuse services, for uninsured children in families with incomes between 150 percent and 200 percent of the federal poverty level. MIChild services are provided by managed care plans throughout Michigan. Federal and state funded program. [Expenditures provided by the Department of Community Health. Recipients are monthly average enrollees for FY2008.] Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 11

15 Program descriptions, revenue sources & data sources (contd.) School Lunch and Breakfast Program Food service programs provided in public schools during the school year. Meals/snacks funded by federal government, student payments, and state funds. [ Food Service Year End Report Compilation, for Public Schools only. Total Lunch plus Total Breakfast Costs for Public Schools, Michigan Department of Education Website. Participants also provided by Michigan Department of Education.] Disability Provides cash assistance to disabled adults without children who meet income, asset, and disability criteria. funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 33 and 34] Emergency Relief Provides immediate assistance to individuals and families facing emergencies that threaten health and safety who meet income and asset requirements. Also provides shelter beds to families/individuals who are homeless. and federally funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Tables 36, 37 and 38] Emergency Relief Burials Provides assistance with burial costs when the deceased person s estate is insufficient to pay for burial and related costs. Primarily a state funded program. [FY2008 DHS Publication 170, Table 39] Summer Food Programs Provides meals/snacks to children in low-income areas where supervised summer activities are available. Federally funded program. [FY2008 Summer Food Service Program, Michigan Department of Education.] Supplemental Security Income Provides cash assistance to aged, disabled, or blind persons who meet income, asset, and long-term disability criteria. Primarily federally funded program, with supplements provided by the. [Estimated expenditures for state and federal spending. See Notes for estimation methodology. Persons eligible for SSI, DHS Publication 170, Table 51.] Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Program Provides food coupons for specific products to promote good nutrition and health for mothers, infants, and young children who meet income guidelines. Primarily federally funded. [WIC food expenditures and participants provided by the Department of Community Health.] Work First and Welfare to Work Provide job search services, education and training programs, and employment-related supportive services to eligible individuals. Federal and state funded programs. [FY2008 Allocations for Work First and Welfare to Work and FY2008 Work First Participants, Department of Energy, Labor and Economic Growth.] Michigan League FOR Human Services Page 12

16 Notes The Medical estimates include statewide spending for regular Medicaid payments, disproportionate share hospital payments, Title XIX funded mental health, the Title XIX component of Children s Special Health Care Services, Home Help and Personal Care Services Payments, and the Adult Benefits Waiver (which replaced the Medical Program). The estimated recipients are the unduplicated numbers of Medicaid enrollees for the fiscal year, by county. For the Supplemental Security Income Program, the statewide expenditure estimate is based on actual expenditures, as reported by Social Security Administration, for calendar year 2007, updated by a 2.3% inflation factor for 9 months to estimate fiscal year 2008 expenditures. County distributions are based on each county s share of SSI eligibles reported in DHS Publication 170, Table 51. FY2008 Work First and Welfare to Work program allocations and revisions have been distributed to individual counties, from Michigan Works! Agency totals, by calculating each county s percentage of Work First participants for each multi-county Michigan Works! Agency, and then applying the county s participant percentage to the Agency dollar allocation. A listing of Michigan Works! Agencies and the counties covered by each agency is available on the Michigan Works! Association website which can be found at T he Michigan League for Human Services seeks to ensure that low-income individuals and families across the state achieve economic security through a range of public and private supports including public assistance, work and family supports, job training, and education. Through research, analysis, public education and advocacy efforts, the League brings credible and accessible information to the public policy discussion of the critical issues that affect the lives of low-income people. The Michigan League for Human Services is a United Way agency.