Equal pay? Recent and absent trends in Sweden. A 2011:05 Delegation for Gender Equality in Working Life Swedish Government Official Reports

Transcription

1 Equal pay? Recent and absent trends in Sweden

2 Delegation for Gender Equality in Working Life Twelve delegates, appointed by the government in July Chair: Anna Hedborg Three committee secretaries. Final report 31 May 2015.

3 Overall aims: Compile and spread knowledge about different conditions and opportunities for men and women in working life, as well as various causes for the existing differences Stimulate debate about how to promote gender equality in working life Propose ways to promote gender quality in working life and reduce the pay gap between men and women

4 In particular, pay attention to: How to increase women s labour force participation How to reduce the gender pay gap

5 Restrictions regarding proposals Within the framework of the Swedish labour market model.

6 The Saltsjöbad -treaty 1938

7 The Swedish labour market model: Social partners & collective agreements

8 The Swedish model Social dialogue & collective agreements Limited legislation Mutual trust & responsibility

9 The Swedish Labour Market Some basic facts to start with

10 Women s employment rate (25-64 years), 2010 Source: Statistics Sweden 2011

11 Employment rate, Sweden years, Procent Kvinnor Män

12 2012 Employment rate 77 % 82 % Part-time work 31 % 11 % Paid work/week 30 h 37 h

13 30 largest occupations WOMEN 100 % 100 % 0 0 MEN 100 % 100 % Källa: Yrkesregistret, SCB

14 Mens share of parental leave 40,0 % 30,0% 20,0% = Parental leave = Temporary parental leave 10,0% 0,0 %

15 Days/year Sick-leave 30 Women Men

16 So, what about equal pay then?

17 Gender pay gap 2013 unweighted (%) weighted (%) All sectors 13,4 5,8 Private 12,1 7,0 Public 13,4 3,0

18 Women s wages, percent of men Percent All sectors Private Public All sectors, standard weighted Private, standard weighted Public, standard weighted

19 Women s wages, percent of men s Percent All sectors Private Public All sectors, standard weighted Private, standard weighted Public, standard weighted

20 Gender pay gap and average wages SEK Percent Men Women Women 's share of men's wages, (%) 0

21 Gender pay gap / percentil 1995 & 2013 Percent Percentile

22 Women s wage as a percent of men s wage / percentile 1995 and 2013 Percent Percentile

23 Women s wages, percent of men s 2013 State County councils Municipalities Public sector Standard weighted Professionals Manual labourers Unweighted Private sector All sectors Percent

24

25 What affects the size of the difference in pay? That women and men work in different occupations (and that these occupations are associated with different rates of pay) is the main reason that women's and men's wages separates (Swedish National Mediation Office)

26 Salary Average salary & share of females Blue-collar workers, Construction Steal Wood Graphical Average salary blue-collar worker Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

27 EQUAL PAY THE CHALLENGE

28 The Delegation for gender equality in working life propose ways to (---) reduce the pay gap between men and women within the frame work of the Swedish labour market model

29 Pre-requisite for the Swedish model: Wage-setting in accordance with societal responsibility

30 Wage-setting in accordance with societal responsibility i.e. wage-increases industrial productivity increase

31 The industry-treaty 1997 the tag provide a ceiling for potential wage-increases

32 ?????????

33 The easy way

34 Salary Encourage women to leave low income jobs Construction Steal Wood Graphical Average salary blue-collar worker Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

35 The not so easy way

36 Encourage men to go the other way Salary Construction Steal Wood Graphical Average salary blue-collar worker Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

37 Other options

38 Possible? Salary Construction Steal Wood Graphical Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

39 Possible? Expensive? Salary Construction Steal Wood Graphical Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

40 Impossible? Salary Construction Steal Wood Graphical Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

41 On the other hand

42 Status quo Salary Constructio n A wage-increase-tag = 2.6% Steal Wood Graphical Average salary blue-collar worker Retail Hotels & restaurants School Elderly care Childcare Share females, %

43 Wage-increase = 2,6% /month /month + 80 /month + 60 /month

44 The Swedish labour market 1 2

45 An elaborated treaty within the Swedish labour market model?

46 THANK YOU!