Harmonisation issues in CDO implementation

Transcription

1 Harmonisation issues in CDO implementation 3 rd European CDO Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Brussels, 18 March 2013 ICAO European and North Atlantic Office 18 March 2013 Page 1

2 The global framework Air traffic growth expands two-fold once every 15 years Growth can be a double-edged sword Need to set the scene for global interoperability Challenge is how to achieve both safety and operational improvements Globally harmonized Environmentally responsible Cost-effective Focus on global priorities 18 March 2013 Page 2 2

3 Global Air Navigation Plan and ASBUs Aviation System Block Upgrades (ASBUs) 12 th Air Navigation Conference Recommendation 5/3 on increased flexibility and efficiency in descent and departure profiles with clear tasks to ICAO and States 18 March 2013 Page 3 3

4 ICAO CDO Manual Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) Manual, ICAO Doc 9931 First Edition published 2010 CDO is an aircraft operating technique enabled by airspace design, procedure design and facilitated by ATC in which an arriving aircraft descends continuously, to the greatest extent possible, using minimum engine thrust and low drag. 18 March 2013 Page 4 4

5 ICAO CDO design options Closed Path designs are procedural designs the lateral flight track is predefined up to and including the final approach fix the exact distance to runway is precisely known the procedure may be published with crossing levels, level windows and/or speed constraints An example of a closed path procedure is a STAR terminating at a point that defines a part of an instrument approach andis thus directly linked to an approach procedure 18 March 2013 Page 5 5

6 ICAO CDO design options Closed Path simulations for different aircraft types various aircraft types 18 March 2013 Page 6 6

7 ICAO CDO design options Open Path designs Open path CDOs, a portion or all of the route consist of vectoring and 2 main types exist: the first ending in a downwind leg leaving the controller to clear the aircraft to final the second ending with approach sequencing undertaken by radar vectors. Here the CDO can only be planned to a metering fix and the ATCO will need to communicate to the pilot, to the extent possible, an estimate of distance-to-go (DTG) to the runway end. The pilot will use ATC distance estimates to determine the optimum descent rate to achieve the CDO to the FAF. 18 March 2013 Page 7 7

8 ICAO CDO design options Open path arrival designs can also include path stretching methods/design or point merge systems +3 min +2 min +1 min Integrated sequence Merge point CD Envelope of possible paths Arrival flow Arrival flow Sequencing legs (at iso-distance from the merge point) 18 March 2013 Page 8 8

9 CDO Integration Integrating RNAV, RNP & conv. capabilities HAIKU RNAV CDO STAR links with RNP-AR and ILS RWY 02, fully integrated to approach from Cruise Levels, initial fuel saving estimates between kg per flight 18 March 2013 Page 9 9

10 CDO Integration Integrating RNAV, RNP & conv. capabilities STAR End at ILS IAF ILS Approach 5000 RADAR Vectors (DTG) RNAV CDO STAR RNP-AR Approach +FL60 RNP-AR IAF RNAV CDO STAR 18 March 2013 Page 10 10

11 ICAO CDO Manual Phraseology examples Appendix 2 of the CDO Manual describes 2 clearance options for CDOs clearances A descend at pilots discretion or descend when ready clearance, or A descend via clearance A descend via clearance may be issued on procedures with defined altitude crossing points and/or defined speeds. A descend via clearance is an instruction to the pilot to descend in a manner that complies with the published lateral flight path, altitudes and speeds. Because lateral and vertical flight paths are known, a descend via clearance may be given well in advance of the actual descent point. Therefore the descend via profile is known in advance to ATC and pilots, adding predictability to the procedure 18 March 2013 Page 11

12 ICAO CDO Manual Phraseology issues Current implementation experience has shown that the descend via phraseology works and is easily communicated/understood to the pilot in closed path CDO designs A descend via differs from a descend at pilots discretion, because a descend via has vertical and lateral navigation, altitudes and speeds to be complied with, whereas a descend at pilots discretion has no boundaries that are defined in the procedure BUT.. due to still open discussion on the PANS-ATM (ICAO Doc. 4444) SID/STAR provisions, procedures and phraseologies there is still a need for need for clear, concise and unambiguous standard phraseologies in controller-pilot communications for CDO and also CCO! 18 March 2013 Page 12

13 ICAO CDO Manual Phraseology issues The final review of the proposed amendment to PANS-ATM (DOC 4444) in relation to the SID/STAR phraseology issues was discussed during the Air Navigation Commission meeting in November The ANC discussed the results/recommendations from the Working Group on PANS-ATM SID/STAR provisions but however decided that too many components, such as Previous PANS-ATM amendments Poorly designed SIDS/STARS Annex 4 Aeronautical Charts aspects Annex 6 Operation of Aircraft aspects Annex 10 Vol II Aeronautical Telecommunications aspects Doc 9432 Manual of Radiotelephony aspects PANS-OPS Vol. II PART II Construction of Visual and Instrument Flight Procedures aspects remained unresolved to allow moving forward with global solutions 18 March 2013 Page 13

14 ICAO CDO Manual Phraseology issues The ANC defined the following outstanding tasks identify near term measures to mitigate risks associated with the problem statement,taking into account the inconsistent implementations of SID/STAR provisions globally review of the components described above with the objective of developing harmonized provisions that address the identified risks whilst having a high probability of implementation globally ICAO Secretariat was asked to propose a suitable panel or working group (ATM Operations Panel or the ATM coordination subgroup of the OPSP) to undertake this work The next amendment to PANS-ATM is likely to be in November 2014 and therefore the deliverables for this work would have to be completed within 2013 PBN Symposium and workshops also stressed the importance on standard CCO/CDO phraseology 18 March 2013 Page 14

15 ICAO PBN ikit Provides the main stakeholders with essential information, practical documentation and guidance material on PBN (including CCO and CDO Manuals) in relation to their area A CDO should always be considered when implementing new PBN arrivals, STARs or RNAV/RNP ATS routes 18 March 2013 Page 15

16 CDOs Continuous Descent Operations can increase Flight predictability to ATC and aircrews Airspace efficiency and capacity Safety (consistent and stable approach paths) Continuous Descent Operations can also decrease Level flight segments Noise, fuel burn and emissions Pilot Controller communication (radio transmissions) and workload CFIT incidents 18 March 2013 Page 16

17 THANK YOU ICAO Headquarters: ICAO European and North Atlantic Office: 18 March 2013 Page 17