ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY THROUGH TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
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1 ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY THROUGH TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE The Role of Official Development Finance and Private Investment G20 GICA Meeting, January Kaori MIYAMOTO, Development Co-operation Directorate
2 Connectivity Transport Action Plans Connectivity Transport Infrastructure International airports and ports as well as railways and roads that are cross-border or connect major cities. Examples of Action Plan: PIDA ASEAN Connectivity Greater Mekong TEN-T The Belt and Road Initiative (See Map) Source: Mercator Institute for China Studies,
3 Strategies and Activities of Development Partners STRATEGIES Enhance trade and integration Uphold social, safety, and environmental standards Specific regional focus ACTIVITIES Finance construction, rehabilitation and maintenance Support soft projects, such as One Stop Border Post, harmonisation of aviation safety standards, and national transport data management COLLECTIVE MECHANISMS Sustainable Mobility for All (SuM4All), GICA Pacific Region Infrastructure Facility (PRIF), Africa 50, TradeMark East Africa International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) World Road Association (PIARC) 3
4 Current Spending and Financing Gap in Connectivity Transport USD Billion annual average Source: Calculations based on Brookings et al (2015) estimates 4
5 Sectoral Breakdown of ODF and Private Investment Breakdown by Sector annual average Road Railway Port Airport ODF 61% 16% 15% 8% Private investment 44% 1% 5% 50% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 5
6 Breakdown of ODF and Private Investment Breakdown by Region annual average Asia Africa Europe America ODF 46% 36% 10% 8% Private Investment 11% 39% 50% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 6
7 Breakdown of ODF and Private Investment Breakdown by Income-Level Group annual average, USD billion ODF Private Investments 94% 30% 6% 6% 70% 94% UMICs LMICs LICs 7
8 Development Partners Top 10 Development Partners annual average, USD Billion WBG AsDB Japan IsDB EBRD AfDB EU Institutions ODA OOF IADB Korea Arab Fund
9 Top Recipients for Connectivity Transport Top 10 ODF Recipient Countries annual average, USD billion Top 10 Countries with Most Private Investment annual average, USD billion India (LMIC) Viet Nam (LMIC) China Kenya (LIC) Egypt (LMIC) Ukraine (LMIC) Morocco (LMIC) Ethiopia (LIC) Bangladesh (LIC) Bolivia (LMIC) ODA OOF Turkey Brazil Colombia China India (LMIC) Mexico Philippine s (LMIC) Peru Chile Costa Rica China India (LMIC)
10 Issues around Connectivity Transport 1. Project selection and planning 2. Co-ordination and harmonisation 3. Debt sustainability 4. Trade and investment policies 5. The future of transport 10
11 Main Sources Full report for the presentation (forthcoming): OECD(2018), Enhancing Connectivity through Transport Infrastructure: The Role of Official Development Finance and Private Investment, DCD Working Paper. The Belt and Road Map: Mercator Institute for China Studies(2017), The Silk Road Initiative China aims to built a global infrastructure network, 15 May 2017, ODF data: OECD (2017), CRS: Aid Activities, OECD International Development Statistics (database), Private investment data: Compilation based on World Bank Private Participation in Infrastructure database and Dealogic Projectware Estimates on the financing gap: Brookings Institution, Global Commission on the Economy and Climate, New Climate Economy and the Grantham Research Institute (2015), Driving Sustainable Development through Better Infrastructure: Key Elements of a Transformation Program, Working Paper 91, July 2015, 11
12 THANK YOU
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