Social Protection in times of recovery and transformation

Transcription

1 Social Protection in times of recovery and transformation SPIAC-B MEETING Brussels, 29 October 2013 Isabel Ortiz Director Social Protection Department ILO

2 A Time of Recovery and Transformation: Divergent Social Protection Trends and Approaches Crisis recovery divergent trends: Austerity contraction of public expenditures in 119 countries in 2013, trend increases up to 2015 (IMF) Expansion Countries raising household income to increase national demand/growth, human development, political stability Plurality of approaches: From rights based income security and health protection programmes, universalist approaches ( for all ) To time bound and targeted safety net type programmes with a scope in function of available financial resources Moment of change and transformation Austerity what are the long term impacts of short term decision? Will societies be more equal or unequal? Increasing worldwide protests and demands for social justice Not just about poverty reduction Middle classes active in protests

3 Many Countries Contracting Public Expenditures Number of Countries Contracting Public Expenditures as a % GDP, Source: Ortiz and Cummins The Age of Austerity. IPD and the South Centre based on IMF s World Economic Outlook (October 2012).

4 And Many Other Countries Expanding Social Protection. TYPE OF PROGRAMME Household Minimum Income Support Social Pensions Child and family benefits in cash or health coverage WHERE NEWLY INTRODUCED Chile, China, Cyprus, Mozambique, Rwanda, Zambia Argentina, Bolivia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Botswana, Cape Verde, Chile, Costa Rica, India, Lesotho, Mauritius, Moldova, Namibia, Nepal, Samoa, South Africa, Tajikistan, Thailand, Uruguay, Vietnam China, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nepal, South Africa, Senegal, Niger Cash for Work and Food for Work Cash for Human Development Social Health Protection Argentina, Cameroon, Ethiopia, India, How South older Korea, poor spend Malawi, Niger, Rwanda, South Africa pension cash transfer Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Ghana, Honduras, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Malawi, Mexico, Mongolia, Nicaragua, Philippines, Tanzania China, Ghana, Rwanda, Thailand

5 Multiple Approaches Countries Institutions Instruments Temporary, targeted Moldova Safety Net Bangladesh maternal health Ethiopia s Productive Safety Net Benazir Income Support Program Ghana LEAP International Financial Institutions Safety nets SPARCS (World Bank) DFID DFIF Value for Money ADB SP Index Rights Based, Universal South Africa Mauritius Brazil India Employment Guarantee Mongolia Child Benefit Thailand Health UN Human Rights Council and Rapporteurs ILO WHO European Union UNICEF Social Protection Framework Helpage Social Protection Floors Recommendation 202 ILO Rapid Assessments, National Dialogue ILO SP policy and expenditure reviews (SPERs) WHO P4H EU OMC Helpage Age watch Index

6 SPIACB is a Coordination Board we all win by working together But major coordination challenges Coordination of various schemes and programmes National dialogue process with participation of social partners and other stakeholders Expanding coverage, floors, progressive realization of rights and internationally agreed goals Vision of development, recovery, equity and society transformation Building coherent social protection floors and systems Ensuring fiscal space for social protection floors and systems Fiscal space Domestic resource mobilization Taxation and others Role of international assistance Implementation ( SPARCS ): Effective and efficient governance and administration Monitoring and data Strengthening institutional capacities and data Linking social protection to employment and other sectors more effectively Development linkages Encourage formalization of employment Coordination between SP and other sectors 6