Assessing our Coastal Green Infrastructure Investment Allocation: A Coastal Portfolio Check-up
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1 Assessing our Coastal Green Infrastructure Investment Allocation: A Coastal Portfolio Check-up Erin McCreless, University of California - Santa Cruz Michael W. Beck, The Nature Conservancy & UCSC
2 Reef conservation Jeff Yonover
3 Reefs for coastal defense
4 People and infrastructure at risk UNISDR Wetlands international The Global Value of Mangroves for Risk Reduction Mangroves act as natural defenses that protect people and property from storms, reducing coastal risk. Yet these benefits are often not fully accounted for in policy and management decisions, and mangroves continue to be lost. This work rigorously values the coastal protection benefits provided by mangroves socially and economically. By identifying where these natural coastal defenses provide the greatest flood reduction benefits, this work informs policies for adaptation, sustainable Jeff Yonover development, and environmental restoration. NOAA
5 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) UNISDR Ballot measures NOAA Wetlands international 0 The Global ValueUSof Mangroves for Risk Building Relief & Reduction Insured NOAA Conservation & infrastructure reconstruction restoration Mangroves act infrastructure as natural defenses that protect people and Conservation Stormare losses property from storms,aid reducing coastal risk. Yet these benefits often not fully accounted for in policy and infrastructure aidmanagement decisions, Storm losses aid and mangroves continue to be lost. This work rigorously values the coastal protection benefits provided by mangroves socially and economically. By identifying where these natural coastal McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. defenses provide the greatest flood reduction benefits, this work Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics informs policies for adaptation, sustainable development, and environmental restoration. Total
6 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured 200 Insured UNISDR Ballot measures NOAA Wetlands international 0 The Global ValueUSof Mangroves for Risk Building Relief & Reduction Insured NOAA Conservation & infrastructure reconstruction restoration Mangroves act infrastructure as natural defenses that protect people and Conservation Stormare losses property from storms,aid reducing coastal risk. Yet these benefits often not fully accounted for in policy and infrastructure aidmanagement decisions, Storm losses aid and mangroves continue to be lost. This work rigorously values Source: MunichRe the coastal protection benefits provided by mangroves socially and economically. By identifying where these natural coastal McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. defenses provide the greatest flood reduction benefits, this work Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics informs policies for adaptation, sustainable development, and environmental restoration. Total
7 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured 200 Insured 0 Ballot measures NOAA US Storm losses aid Conservation UNISDR UNISDR Wetlands Wetlands international international Building Relief & of Mangroves The Global Value for Risk Insured Total Conservation & infrastructure reconstruction infrastructure restoration act as natural defenses that protect Storm losses Mangroves property from storms, reducing coastal risk. Ye aid infrastructure often aid not fully accounted for in policy and man and mangroves continue to be lost. This work the coastal protection benefits provided by ma and economically. By identifying where these n McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. defenses provide the greatest flood reduction b informs policies for adaptation, sustainable dev Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics environmental restoration. Source: MunichRe Source: AidData
8 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured 200 Insured 0 Ballot measures NOAA US Storm losses aid Conservation UNISDR Wetlands international The Global Relief Value for Risk Building & of Mangroves Insured Total Conservation & infrastructure reconstruction infrastructure restoration Mangroves act as natural defenses that protect Storm losses property from storms, reducing coastal risk. Ye aid often not fully accounted for in policy and man infrastructure aid and mangroves continue to be lost. This work the coastal protection benefits provided by ma and economically. By identifying where these n defenses provide the greatest flood reduction b McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. informs policies for adaptation, sustainable dev Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics environmental restoration. Source: MunichRe Source: AidData
9 Global coastal spending aid for coastal infrastructure Other 32% World Bank China World Bank Japan 68% 68% Asian Development Bank 68% Inter-American Development Bank European Union Other McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics
10 Gray infrastructure solutions Seawall (gray infrastructure) in Grenada, Grenada. Marjo Aho for The Nature Conservancy
11 Degraded ecosystems Healthy ecosystems = Natural Infrastructure
12 Natural Infrastructure: Reefs Effects of Reefs on Flood Reduction Beck, Losada et al Mapping Ocean Wealth. The Nature Conservancy. Beck et al. In review. The Global Flood Protection Savings Provided by Coral Reefs. Nature Communications.
13 Natural Infrastructure: Reefs Avoided Flood Damage in $M/20 km coastline Beck, Losada et al Mapping Ocean Wealth. The Nature Conservancy. Beck et al. In review. The Global Flood Protection Savings Provided by Coral Reefs. Nature Communications.
14 Natural Infrastructure: Mangroves Mangroves in the Philippines: Annual Expected Benefits % 3 $5 28% $4 2.5 $ $2 1 $ People Flooded (Millions) With mangroves $0 Property Damaged (Billions US $) Without mangroves I. Losada, P. Menéndez, Beck, M. W., D. Trespalacios, S. Narayan Technical Report- Valuing the Protection Services of Mangroves in the Philippines. World Bank, DC.
15 High Resolution Flood Mapping in the Philippines Flood Height Tropical Cyclone (1 in 50 year event) 3m 3,5m 3,5m 4m 4m 5m 4,5m 3,5m 5m 6m 5m 6m 7m 6m 1 km 1 km 1 km Current Mangroves No Mangroves I. Losada, P. Menéndez, Beck, M. W., D. Trespalacios, S. Narayan Technical Report- Valuing the Protection Services of Mangroves in the Philippines. World Bank, DC.
16 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured Jeff Yonover 200 Insured 0 Ballot measures NOAA US Storm losses aid Conservation Source: MunichRe Building infrastructure Relief & Insured Conservation & reconstruction infrastructure restoration Storm losses aid infrastructure aid Source: AidData McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics Total
17 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured Jeff Yonover 200 Insured 0 Ballot measures NOAA US Storm losses aid Conservation Source: MunichRe Building infrastructure Relief & Insured Conservation & reconstruction infrastructure restoration Storm losses aid infrastructure aid Source: AidData McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics Source: AidData Total
18 Global coastal spending aid for coastal infrastructure Other 29% GEF World Bank GEF 47% Germany Asian Development Bank US World Bank 24% Other McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics
19 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured Insured aid Storm losses Ballot measures NOAA US Conservation Building infrastructure Relief & reconstruction Insured Conservation & infrastructure restoration Storm losses aid infrastructure aid Source: MunichRe Source: AidData Source: AidData Total McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics
20 Global coastal spending Funding amount (2011 $US 1 bil.) Uninsured Insured aid Storm losses Ballot measures NOAA US Conservation Building infrastructure Relief & reconstruction Insured Conservation & infrastructure restoration Storm losses aid infrastructure aid Source: MunichRe Source: AidData Source: AidData Total McCreless & Beck Rethinking our global coastal investment portfolio. Journal of Ocean & Coastal Economics
21 Implications and Opportunities Include Nature in Industry Risk Models Pre- and post-disaster spending Private incentives- Insurance, Resilience Bonds Public incentives- Pre- and Post- disaster spending from public and government sources Prioritizing Natural Infrastructure in Policy Decisions Photo credit: Jim Wright/LightHawk/ TNC
22 Hurricane Sandy
23 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
24 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
25 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
26 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
27 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
28 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
29 Increase global investment and develop innovative funding mechanisms; Identify specific opportunities and locations : Development banks National: Ministries of development and finance Private: Insurance and finance sectors Resilience bonds ICRI Members promote conservation and restoration Strengthen partnerships Recommendations to ICRI
30 Thank you Jeff Yonover Erin McCreless Michael Beck
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