Regulatory and Institutional frameworks for Smart Governance in Dam Safety

Transcription

1 Regulatory and Institutional frameworks for Smart Governance in Dam Safety Dr. Adrián Morales Torres Chief Technical Officer Adrián Morales Torres Workshop about Water Security in Bulgaria Sofia, 19 th September, 2017

2 REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN DAM SAFETY 2

3 IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Survey for evaluation of Dam Safety Regulatory Framework: 60% 50% 40% % 20% 10% 0% Very low Low Medium High Very high Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process). 3

4 IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Survey about main Weak Points in Dam Safety Management: Regulatory Framework Transboundary Watersheds Coordination Technical Capacity Building in Dam Risk Management Communication, Training and Education Programs 2016 Flood Risk Mapping Emergency Management Flood Warning Systems Rainfall Forecasting Systems Monitoring and Surveillance Design Standards and Safety Reviews 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process). 4

5 DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN EUROPEAN UNION Currently, there is not a specific UE Directive about Dam Safety Management but DIRECTIVE 2007/60/EC ON THE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF FLOOD RISKS DIRECTIVE 2008/114/EC IDENTIFICATION AND DESIGNATION OF EUROPEAN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AND ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED TO IMPROVE THEIR PROTECTION DAM SAFETY MANAGEMENT 5

6 DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN EUROPEAN UNION 1 DAMS AND HEALTH 2 DAMS AND ENERGY 3 DAMS AND CLIMATE 4 DAMS AND ENVIRONMENT 5 DAMS AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIETIES 6 OUTCOME: A CALL FOR A SMARTER GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK 2016 Source: EurCOLD Website: 6

7 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE MODERN DAM SAFETY PROGRAM/STANDARDS INPECTION AND MONITORING (what, why, how, who and when) HYDROMECHANICAL ASSETS (design, operation, maintenance) OPERATIONAL RULES (Normal conditions, abnormal, extreme) OPERATION & MAINTENANCE (water supply, energy, environmental restrains, maintenance activities) STRUCTURAL SAFETY (safety factor, stresses, strains, aging, uplift) EARTHQUAKES (DBE, OBE) FLOODS (water levels, freeboards, waves) DAM S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS (Identification, triggering factors, civil protection, warnings, communications, coordination, policies, processes, procedures) REPORT (performing, analysis) Integration? 7

8 FLOODS (water levels, freeboards, waves) EARTHQUAKES (DBE, OBE) HYDROMECHANICAL ASSETS (design, operation, maintenance) OPERATIONAL RULES (Normal conditions, abnormal, extreme) DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE RISK-INFORMED DECISION MAKING Loads System response Consequences STRUCTURAL SAFETY (safety factor, stresses, strains, aging, uplift) INPECTION AND MONITORING (what, why, how, who and when) OPERATION & MAINTENANCE (water supply, energy, environmental restrains, maintenance activities) DAM S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS (Identification, triggering factors, civil protection, warnings, communications, coordination, policies, processes, procedures) REPORT (performing, analysis) 8

9 RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE RISK = PROBABILITY OF FAILURE X CONSEQUENCES ACTIONS PRIORITIZATION DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE 9

10 RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE 10

11 LESSONS FROM REAL IMPLEMENTATION USA Spain Argentina Source: 11

12 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN 600 mm of average yearly precipitation 2200 mm/year in Santiago 120 mm/year in Cabo de Gata Over 1200 large dams in Spain (9th in the world): LEGEND (hm 3 ) Public and private dam owners (responsible of Dam Safety). Source: MAGRAMA (Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment) 12

13 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN Ribadelago dam break in 1959 [144 fatalities] 1967 Dam design and construction regulation Tous dam break in 1982 [10 fatalities] 1996 Dam safety Technical regulation 13

14 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN Available at: 14

15 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN 15

16 CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 27 dams and 95 proposed measures: 16

17 CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 17

18 CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY Source: Liana Ardiles, Daniel Sanz, Pedro Moreno, Esther Jenaro, Jürgen Fleitz and Ignacio Escuder at 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DAM ENGINEERING (2011) 18

19 Portfolio societal risk (lives/year) CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 27 dams and 95 proposed measures: 0.3 lives/year After implementing the first 5 risk reduction measures (Optimal sequence) No risk reduction after implementing measure nr M 28M 3M Implementation cost (M ) 19

20 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA Dam Safety Regulator Organism in Argentina Regulates safety of main hydropower dams in the country (32 dams). Advisory body for other dams. PILOT CASE ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS OBJETIVES Capacity-building in risk-informed dam safety management. Prioritization of investments informed by risk results. Strategic action plan to apply risk-informed decision making in other dams in the country. Support to promote the development of a Dam Safety Law in Argentina. 20

21 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA 21

22 PILOT CASE: CERROS COLORADOS SYSTEM 22

23 FAILURE MODES IDENTIFICATION 50 participants from different public and private entities related with safety in the system of dams. 20 failure modes were identified. 23

24 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA Public agency in charge of flood protection systems (including 700 dams with multiple purposes). Self-regulated. Risk-informed Dam Safety Program Purpose: To protect life, property, lifelines, and the environment by ensuring that all dams are designed, constructed, regulated, operated, and maintained as safely and effectively as is reasonably practicable. 24

25 USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM Source: Safety of dams Policy and Procedures (2014). 25

26 USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM Source: Safety of dams Policy and Procedures (2014). 26

27 DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA 27

28 CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE Regulation and Institutional Framework are the basis for Modern Dam Safety Program/Standards Risk-Informed Dam Safety Management helps to identify gaps, reinforce and promote 28

29 CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE KEYS FOR A SUCCESSFUL GOVERNANCE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR DAM SAFETY PEOPLE RESPONSIBILITY RESOURCES INTEGRATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVE SUCCESS 29

30 Thank you for your attention Dr. Adrián Morales Torres Chief Technical Officer Adrián Morales Torres Workshop about Water Security in Bulgaria Sofia, 19 th September, 2017