State Partnership for Accountability, Responsiveness and Capability (SPARC) Annual Report

Transcription

1 State Partership for Accoutability, Resposiveess ad Capability (SPARC) Aual Report JULY JUNE 2015

2 The opiios expressed i this report are those of the authors ad do ot ecessarily represet the views of the Departmet for Iteratioal Developmet.

3 Cotets Year of Trasitio Major Achievemets ad Progress Embeddig ad Sustaiig Reforms Stregtheed Budgets Addressig the Fiscal Challege Stregtheig Statistics Collaboratio, Parterships ad Coalitios Flexibly Siezig Opportuities Federal Icetives ood overace Replicated Progress agaist Logframe Value for Moey Effectiveess Efficiecy Ecoomy

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5 Trasitio Highlights Electio Trasitio Strategy, Electio ad Commuicatio Strategy ad Iductio packages developed Iterative Learig ad Adaptatio, Flexible resposes delivered Coflict Sesitivity i Sector Strategies Processes locally owed ad drive to esure sustaiability ad buy-i from icomig govermets Strog collaboratio with other programmes Esurig wide spread rapid replicatio of home grow ideas ad tools

6 Year of Trasitio This is the fial aual report of the State Partership for Accoutability, Resposiveess ad Capability (SPARC), presetig work carried out from July 2014 to Jue This report highlights the achievemets ad challeges which were ecoutered durig implemetatio. The year uder review was billed as the Year of Trasitio because of the multiple trasitios that took place. The Nigeria ad UK electios were held, ad trasitioig to ew ad returig govermets took place i March ad May respectively. DFID also commeced the process of preparig for successor programmes to take over from the curret suite of goverace programmes at Federal ad State levels. Electio Trasitio Strategy, Electio ad Commuicatio Strategy ad Iductio packages developed This meat that the programme eeded to pla to esure it was adequately prepared for trasitio as well as cotiued delivery. Cosiderable work was put ito the developmet of a Electio ad Trasitio Strategy, a Electio ad Commuicatio Strategy ad Iductio Packages cotaiig Briefig Notes ad Fact Sheets for ie states (Aambra had already udergoe trasitio i 2013 with good lessos leart). Dwidlig oil prices ad low reveue geeratio from states, left may strugglig to meet their budgetary obligatios. With the oil price fallig by 50%, the Federal Allocatios durig this period cotiued to show a decreasig tred. Overall for the first four moths of 2015 the total statutory allocatio (icludig et derivatio) was 22% lower tha the same period i 2014; with the cosequece that a umber of states i the coutry are fidig it difficult to pay salaries, with arrears of up to ie moths for some. Coflict Sesitivity i Sector Strategies With the ever-icreasig effects of security o states ad SPARC s work, the programme i cojuctio with Nigeria Stability ad Recociliatio Programme (NSRP) udertook a review of Sector Strategies to esure Coflict Sesitivity. A further traiig of staff o Coflict Sesitivity i cojuctio with SAVI was also udertake. The security challeges still persist but SPARC has bee able to successfully implemet support with results i coflict proe areas such as Yobe, Kao ad Kadua. Resposes Delivered Embeddig reforms ad sustaiability - deliverig results The programme was able to effectively maage i the rapidly movig eviromet through iterative learig ad adaptatio. I order to meet demads of ew govermets i trasitio, the programme was also able to flexibly respod. Although the trasitio was led by DFID, i some states SPARC (beig a trusted parter of govermet) was see at the forefrot, particularly so i Niger ad Jigawa. As part of the programme s efforts to focus o embeddig reforms ad sustaiability, sigificat gais have bee made by the programme across the states. It is importat to ote I furtherace of uderstadig outcomes of trasitios, SPARC ad the State Accoutability ad Voice Iitiative (SAVI) embarked o a joit Political Ecoomy Aalysis. A four-stage process was developed to capture every stage of the trasitio period ad its implicatios for reform commitmet ad sustaiability. I the midst of trasitio, Nigeria bega to experiece oe of the worst fiacial crisis it has witessed i the last decade. 6

7 that efforts durig this period guarateed that processes were locally owed ad drive to esure sustaiability ad buy-i from the icomig govermet esurig they survived the trasitio. Notable are the improvemets i budget realism; improved policy uptake with State Developmet Plas ad MTSSs; improvemets i Iteral Reveue based o state implemetatio of locally developed strategies; improvemet i the demad for statistics ad iclusio of geder sesitive issues i govermet processes. Although a lot of progress was made, challeges still persist. For istace there are still issues with urealistic budgets i states, ad lateess with publishig of Budgets ad Audited Accouts. As of the time of this report oly two states had released audited accouts for Delays were also experieced as political appoitees were distracted by trasitios, focusig less o goverace. Fially, SPARC cotiues to use its tapestry of learig to esure that SPARC ad o SPARC states are learig from each other esurig wide spread rapid replicatio of home grow ideas ad tools. The ASK Help Desk is becomig icreasigly popular. Esurig widespread rapid replicatio of home grow ideas ad tools The programme was able to successful deliver o plaed work with a 97% Activity Log Completio Rate for agaist 93% i The programme cotiued to perform above expectatio with its fifth year of scorig A+ - moderately exceeded expectatio at Aual Review. Strog collaboratio with other programmes The programme icreased its level of collaboratio with other programmes. SPARC ad SAVI cotiue to have closer ad stroger workig relatios due to the eed to tackle specific issues at state level. ood collaboratio has also bee see with the Federal Public Admiistratio Reform (FEPAR) programme, FOSTER, PDF II ad EMS 3. At state level, some sector programmes have bee supportig Sector Strategies ad Service Charters. 7

8 Achievemets ad Progress Highlights Over 97% of Activity Log milestoes have bee achieved, more tha ay previous year Budgets across states are more realistic A ew Huma Resources Departmet, combied with a Maagemet Iformatio System that allows for effective workforce ad payroll cotrol i Katsia SPARC Resource Cetre updated ad lauched atioally ad globally Buidlig a global etwork - Partership with OECD through the Effective Istitutios etwork IR is icreasig across all states through improved strategies State Statistical Bureaus are developig capacity i a umber of states ad becomig sustaiable parts of the reform architecture Icreasig stakeholder egagemet is leadig to greater coalitios aroud commo iterests The Coditioal rat Scheme has cotiued to demostrate relative success I the North-West evaluatio has demostrated icreases i primary erolmet overall of 109%, ad of girl-child erolmet a icrease of 122% The Access to Sharig Kowledge (ASK) help desk has cotiued to grow, supportig 14 states to date 6

9 Major Achievemets ad Progress Over 97% of Activity Log milestoes have bee achieved, more tha ay previous year SPARC is supportig state govermets to pla better ad improve the maagemet of public fiaces ad staff, so they ca deliver better services ad improve the lives of citizes. This has bee a year of delivery i all these areas over 97% of Activity Log milestoes have bee achieved, more tha ay previous year. Embeddig ad Sustaiig Reforms There was a major effort placed ito embeddig ad sustaiig reform to esure survival through trasitio. I Aambra, ExCo review of the State Developmet Pla demostrated greater owership ad cosequet sustaiability. reater owership of policy ad strategy processes ad buildig a foudatio for sustaiability I Eugu, the State Plaig Commissio is visibly demostratig greater owership of policy ad strategy processes ad buildig a foudatio for sustaiability, icludig esurig geder ad iclusio are beig addressed. Service Charter processes are also ow better embedded, ad the state has formed a State Statistical Bureau. I Jigawa, there are ow traied eder Desk Officers embedded i Miistries. Kadua ow has a betterembedded Ecoomic Fiscal Update Fiscal Strategy Paper Budget Policy Statemet whilst the Bureau of Establishmets, Maagemet Services ad Traiig ad the Bureau of Public Service Reform cotiue to grow as sustaiable reform homes. A ew Huma Resources Departmet, combied with a Maagemet Iformatio System that allows for effective workforce ad payroll cotrol i Katsia Performace reviews are ow embedded i the Kao State Project Moitorig ad Evaluatio Directorate ad State Statistical Bureaus. Katsia ow has a ew Huma Resources Departmet, which, combied with a Maagemet Iformatio System, allows for effective workforce ad payroll cotrol. Reform Bedrock I Lagos, the ew State Developmet Pla has trasitioed the political chage ad cotiues to be a reform bedrock. I Niger, the Plaig Commissio cotiues to stregthe as a sustaiable structure for robust plaig ad budgetig complimeted by the appoitmet of eder Desk Officers i all Miistries. The Yobe State overor has formed a overace Reform Policy Advisory Committee, while the cetral plaig Miistry has committed to istitutioalise performace reviews ad has embedded the Ecoomic Fiscal Update Fiscal Strategy Paper Budget Policy Statemet. Zamfara has established a ew Bureau of Public Service Reform to coordiate ad sustai goverace reform, whilst the ew State Developmet Pla is becomig a accepted mechaism to drive aligmet ad implemetatio. Budgets across states are more realistic Stregtheed Budgets Some progress has bee made stregtheig the budgetig processes across the states, although this has bee udermied by the political trasitios which have take place at a critical poit i the budget cycle. However, Ecoomic Fiscal Update Fiscal Strategy Paper Budget Policy Statemet processes have bee udertake i all states for Ad i respect of 2015 budgets, a major success was recorded i Kao the 2015 budget is 6% less (N 14 Billio) tha that of 2014, which itself was less tha that of 2013 budget realism is begiig to retur. I Niger, the 2015 budget is N 9 billio less tha that of 2014 ad a cut of N 5 billio was achieved through additioal advocacy aroud realistic oil prices. Similarly, i Zamfara, the 2015 budget is N 22 billio less tha that of 2014, with a specific cut of N 3 billio i respect of fallig oil prices. However, due to trasitio, few states have published their 2015 budgets. Addressig the Fiscal Challege As part of preparig for trasitio, the programme was fully aware that there could be greater reform tractio for improved fiacial maagemet give curret fiscal challeges. The programme was able to take advatage of this widow of opportuity to push further with reform. IR is icreasig across all states through improved strategies I Aambra, from a ew iteral reveue strategy, IR has rise from N 500 millio to N 1 billio per moth, ad savigs of N 24.3 billio made through improvemets to procuremet processes. I Eugu, 296 dormat accouts were closed ad N 200 millio recovered. I Kao, Corporate Plaig work i the Board of Iteral Reveue has advaced apace, uder the leadership of the ew Deputy overor. I Lagos, cotiued stregtheig of fiacial maagemet released the third trache of the World Bak Developmet Policy Operatio US $ 200 millio. 9

10 Stregtheig Statistics State Statistical Bureaus are developig capacity i a umber of states ad becomig sustaiable parts of the reform architecture for example, i Eugu ad Kao. I Katsia, the first State Statistical Yearbook i 15 years was published durig the year. I Yobe, a ew Moitorig ad Evaluatio Policy has bee approved with its ow budget lie. State Statistical Bureaus are developig capacity i a umber of states ad becomig sustaiable parts of the reform architecture Collaboratio, Parterships ad Coalitios The programme has cotiued to shift its delivery model away from iteratioal cosultacy toward the use of our embedded state teams. As part of this, there has bee further attetio paid to establishig collaboratio with other DFID programmes, ad programmes fuded by other Developmet Parters. Icreasig stakeholder egagemet is also leadig to greater coalitios aroud commo iterests. I Jigawa, programmes are beig aliged to sit behid the Budget Directorate which is leadig the MTSS process such that govermet udertakes the ecessary steps ad esures the sustaiability of the plaig ad budgetig framework. I Kadua, broader egagemet betwee DFID, the UN ad World Bak programmes aroud overarchig reform has improved recogitio ad tractio. Also i Kadua, all DFID programmes supported ad fiaced MTSS review/refresh processes together. I Niger, all programmes fiaced by DFID, UN, World Bak ad IZ effectively formed a sigle platform for trasitio egagemet with the icomig govermet. Ad a Forum o Health has bee formed with the UN, WHO, civil society, DFID Programmes ad the Plaig Commissio. I all states, SPARC works closely with SAVI to improve citize ad House of Assembly egagemet i plaig ad budgetig. Flexibly Siezig Opportuities Although the program had a Trasitio ad Egagemet Strategy, a high degree of flexibility ad adaptatio has bee ecouraged. I Jigawa, opportuities were seized to take a leadig role i trasitio egagemet, leadig to forged relatioships with the icomig overor that should assist i sustaiig reform. I Kadua, the programme has respoded at pace to variable reform timelies, ad uderpied DFID egagemet towards a retreat with the ew overor i August. I Niger, the programme geared up extremely quickly to lead trasitio egagemet, ad is cotiuig to seize further opportuities that have arise. Icreasig stakeholder egagemet is leadig to greater coalitios aroud commo iterests 10

11 The Coditioal rat Scheme has cotiued to demostrate relative success with demostrated icreases i overall primary erolmet of 109%, ad of girl-child erolmet of 122% Federal Icetives The Coditioal rat Scheme has cotiued to demostrate relative success a evaluatio coducted durig the period i the North-West showed icreases i primary erolmet overall of 109%, ad of girl-child erolmet a icrease of 122%. Efforts to support recociliatio of the Nigeria overors Forum have cotiued with success post electios, the forum has held recociliatio meetigs, ad two full meetigs with 80% attedace, ad is begiig to re-egage Federal overmet o reform issues. The Access to Sharig Kowledge (ASK) help desk has cotiued to grow, supportig 14 states to date The Access to Sharig Kowledge (ASK) help desk has cotiued to grow. SPARC has ow supported 14 states (Abia, Oyo, Taraba, Delta, Eboyi, Cross River, Ekiti, Yobe State, Kadua, Ogu, ombe, Boro ad FCT). This has icluded diagostic studies ad specific skills trasfer o producig state developmet plas, budget preparatio, ad corporate plaig. Over 400 sets of various SPARC materials have bee circulated to states accordig to their equiries ad eeds. ood overace Replicated The Kowledge Maagemet uit has bee particularly active i the period give the electoral chage, supportig icreasigly vocal voices aroud Nigeria states demadig leadership ad actio to fight poverty, corruptio, uemploymet ad iequality. I preparatio for the executive turover, a Electoral A trusted parter to state govermet Trasitio Commuicatio Strategy was developed ad implemeted, icludig a ew SPARC video, SPARC: A trusted parter to state govermet ad a Executive Desk Referece for overors-elect that icluded a set of critical tools ad advice: The Work of A overor Begis with the Trasitio Period; Critical Lessos for overors Elect; overor s use of the Executive Coucil; Orgaizig, Staffig ad Operatig the overor s Office; The overor s Chief of Staff; overor s uide to Workig with the Media; uide to Workig with Iteratioal Agecies; Moitorig ad Evaluatio Brief. SPARC Resource Cetre updated ad lauched atioally ad globally The programme has also begu to build a global etwork. The 2015 Resource Cetre was lauched, cotaiig a sigificat amout of ew material. It has bee uploaded o the SPARC website ad is mobile user-friedly. I Jue 2015, the Resource Cetre was distributed to 88 research istitutios ad developmet orgaisatios i the Uited Kigdom, ad 21 i Europe. Buildig a global etwork The egagemet has led to a partership with the Orgaisatio for Ecoomic Cooperatio ad Developmet (OECD), through their Effective Istitutios Platform ad their public service reform library which will go live later i the year. The collaboratio with the Uiversity of Sussex maaged Eldis website which has a audiece of 80,000 developmet participats, cotiues, ad the ew RC 2015 has already bee uploaded to Sice 2013, SPARC resources have bee accessed a total of 1,398 times, with a quarter of the traffic comig from Nigeria (the UK, US ad Idia also feature promietly). 11

12 Progress agaist Logframe Despite beig a year of trasitio, ad a high degree of ucertaity, this has bee a year of delivery ad the programme has delivered over 97% of Activity Log milestoes, more tha ay previous year (Table 2), leadig to the delivery of all outputs i early all states, ad makig sigificat progress to deliverig the programme outcome (Table 1). Yobe, Kadua ad Aambra delivered 100% of Activity Log milestoes ad all Outputs. I Kadua problems deliverig the Outcome cotiued due to urealistic budgets which could ot be fully implemeted. This is a fudametally political issue, but with a ew admiistratio there are hopes the ew political ladscape provides a widow of opportuity to fially address budget realism. Table 1: Assessmet of Progress towards Ed of Programme Outcome ad Outputs Outcome Output 1 Output 2 Output 3 Output 4 Aambra Eugu A Jigawa A/ Kadua R/A Kao A/ Katsia A A/ Lagos A/ Niger A/ Yobe Zamfara Federal A/ A/ Table 2: Activity Log Milestoe Achievemet Total Activity Delivery Status Yobe Kadua Aambra Lagos Programme Katsia Eugu Jigawa Niger Kao Zamfara Federal 100% 100% 100% 98% 97% 97% 97% 96% 95% 94% 93% 90% Bechmark 100% Completio 84% 92% 67% 87% 87% 67% 63% 58% 93% 79% 97% 101% % of Budget Spet 12

13 Value for Moey Highlights SPARC cotiues to geerate sigificat returs o ivestmet, while improvig cost-effectiveess SPARC has supported iitiatives which helped icrease reveues i several states while savig moey through the applicatio of improved due process procedures SPARC support is helpig to give other developmet parters the cofidece to ivest i state govermets through supportig key istitutioal reforms Through improved sector strategies, predictability of sector budget releases ad the way i which public services are maaged, states have bee ecouraged to sped more o health ad educatio SPARC has sought to keep icreases i admiistrative spedig to a miimum i order to esure that the majority of its overall budget is directed towards its core techical work Across the etire programme, the proportio of cosultacy days provided by atioal cosultats has rise from 44% i 2009/10 to 62% i2013/14, before fallig back to 52% i 2014/15 cotributig to ecoomy savigs through reducig average fee rates SPARC cotiues to implemet its policy of assigig fulltime techical staff a greater role i supportig capacity developmet at state level rather tha egagig cosultats

14 Value for Moey SPARC cotiues to geerate sigificat returs o ivestmet, while improvig cost-effectiveess This assessmet of the extet to which SPARC is deliverig Value for Moey (VFM) builds o the aalytical framework used i the 2013/14 Aual Report ad updates the aalysis preseted i the 2014 VFM Workig Paper. SPARC has geerated sigificat returs o the ivestmet it represets ad is icreasigly cost-effective (Figure 1), efficiet ad has bee successful i makig ecoomy savigs. I total, sice the begiig of the programme SPARC has achieved efficiecy ad ecoomy cost savigs of aroud 13,000,000 (23% of total spedig to date). Effectiveess SPARC has cotributed to a key outcome, state govermet budgets which better reflect actual reveues. Realistic budgets are importat because they mea states ca deliver more effective ad predictable services. Sice the programme bega, SPARC has provided techical solutios that have cotributed to the elimiatio of budget allocatios of over 928,000,000 which would ot i reality have bee fuded. SPARC has supported iitiatives which helped icrease reveues i several states while savig moey through the applicatio of improved due process procedures SPARC support has cotributed to chages which have resulted i states makig sigificat savigs ad geeratig more reveue. For example, most recetly SPARC has supported iitiatives which helped icrease reveues i Aambra, Kadua, Katsia ad Lagos ad save moey through the applicatio of improved due process procedures i Eugu, Jigawa ad Lagos. Through these iitiatives, it is estimated that a additioal 606,000,000 has bee freed up for deliverig basic services (see Figure 2) sice the programme bega. Helpig to give other developmet parters the cofidece to ivest i state govermets through supportig key istitutioal reforms SPARC support is helpig to give other developmet parters the cofidece to ivest i state govermets through supportig key istitutioal reforms. For example, with SPARC's help, Lagos State overmet has successfully met the coditios required to access aroud 350,000,000 i World Bak loa fiacig (see Figure 3). Sigificat Returs Through improved sector strategies, predictability of sector budget releases ad the way i which public services are maaged, states have bee ecouraged to sped more o health ad educatio Workig i support of sister programmes i the origial five states, ad other health ad educatio programmes (icludig those supported by other doors) i the ew five states, SPARC has cotributed to ecouragig states to sped more o educatio ad health. This has bee doe by helpig to improve sector strategies, the predictability of sector budget releases ad the way i which public services are maaged (see Figure 4). This support, together with savigs ad higher reveues, has cotributed to state govermets spedig aroud a additioal 329,000,000 o educatio ad health (see Figure 5). This, i tur, has helped erol almost 2,290,000 additioal childre i primary ad juior secodary ad esure aroud a additioal estimated 300,000 childre receive all their basic vacciatios (see Figure 6). 1 The Educatio Sector Support Programme i Nigeria (ESSPIN) ad the Partership for Trasformig Health Systems II (PATHS2). 14

15 1. Compared to baselie figures, for every 1 spet by SPARC over o PFM reforms, the te State overmets with whom the programme works have made their 2010, 2011, 2012 ad 2014 budgets 85 more realistic o average ,000,000-11,000,000 SPARC 2. Sice the programme bega, for every 1 spet, SPARC has helped State overmets redirect almost 11 to the delivery of basic services through iitiatives like icreasig reveue collectio ad better applicatio of the due process. 606,000,000 State overmets 56,000,000 SPARC State overmets 3. I Lagos, for every 1 spet, SPARC is helpig govermet acces 41 i additioal fiacig through helpig to esure coditios for release of three World Bak loa traches are met. 4. Over SPARC has spet aroud 7,700,000 to improve the way i which basic services are delivered through helpig te state govermets develop more effective strategies ad orgaize better. 8,500,000 SPARC 350,000,000 State overmet # of MDAs who have udertake Corporate Plaig ad recogitio # of better quality MTSSs prepared 181 ( 17,000 each) 65 ( 71,832 each) 5. Compared to baselie figures, for every 1 spet by SPARC over , the te State overmets with whom the programme works have spet ad additioal 8 o Health ad Educatio over Compared to baselie figures, for every 14 spet by SPARC over oe additioal child was erolled i a primary or juior secodary school i the te SPARC support states ,000,000 SPARC 329,000,000 State overmet I additio, i the same states, compared to baselie figures, it is estimated that a additioal 300,000 childre aged moths received all their basic vacciatios over ,000 1,100,000 1,099,000 2 Educatio figures from the Aual School Cesus i the five origial SPARC states where ESSPIN also works. Educatio figures from State overmet sources i the five ew SPARC states. Vacciatio estimates calculated from 2008 ad 2013 DHS vacciatio rates applied to 2006 cesus figures for all te SPARC states. 15

16 Efficiecy SPARC is successfully ecouragig state govermets to take fiacial resposibility for goverace reform iitiatives which we curretly support. Most recetly, this has icluded ivestig i ICT-based tax maagemet systems i Aambra, fudig the implemetatio of a SPARC supported HRD policy i Kadua, fudig the lauch of service charters supported by SPARC i Katsia, ad preparatio ad publicatio of key SPARC supported reports, guidelies or mauals i Kadua, Lagos, Niger ad Zamfara. Sice the begiig of the programme, this adds up to a total of over 5,510,000 provided by state govermets a amout that SPARC would otherwise ormally provide. SPARC has sought to keep icreases i admiistrative spedig to a miimum i order to esure that the majority of its overall budget is directed towards its core techical work SPARC has sought to keep icreases i admiistrative spedig to a miimum i order to esure that the majority of its overall budget is directed towards its core techical work. For example, despite expadig ito five additioal states, SPARC has kept the admiistrative budget share at or below the 2010/11 figure of 15% - deliverig savigs of almost 410,000. The 2014/15 admiistrative budget share has icreased compared to 2011/ /14 as a result of a 21% reductio i total spedig primarily i areas of techical support provided to state govermets. This reductio i spedig is cosistet with SPARC s overall strategy for 2014/15, icludig relatively few activities i the third quarter whe electios will occur, ad some activities i the fourth quarter to pick up reform with icomig govermets. SPARC cotiues to assig fulltime techical staff a greater role i supportig capacity developmet at state level rather tha egagig cosultats SPARC cotiues to implemet its policy of assigig fulltime techical staff a greater role i supportig capacity developmet at state level rather tha egagig atioal cosultats. This has saved aroud 4,180,000 sice the start of the programme (see Figure 8). The strategy of usig Nigeria cosultats (ad iteratioal-calibre cosultats based i Nigeria) i preferece to flyig i expatriate cosultats cotiues, eve as the programme has expaded to five more states. Across the etire programme, the proportio of cosultacy days provided by atioal cosultats has rise from 44% i 2009/10 to 62% i 2013/14, before fallig back to 52% i 2014/15 cotributig to ecoomy savigs through reducig average fee rates (see below). The drop i the proportio of atioal cosultacy days betwee 2013/14 ad 2014/15 was due to the scalig back of state level activities i quarters three ad four, due to electoral preparatios ad the icreased share of overall cosultacy iputs beig provided at the programme level risig from 17% to 28% betwee 2013/14 ad 2014/15. Natioal cosultats provided less iputs at the programme level. Ecoomy SPARC s mai cost is cosultacy fees. I the early stages of the programme, SPARC did ot deploy large umbers of cosultats, despite DFID s cocers that the programme was too lea at iceptio. Istead, SPARC gradually scaled up techical assistace based o idetified eeds ad the likelihood of success. Scaled up techical assistace SPARC icreasigly uses Nigeria cosultats. As a result, the average fee has falle by 8% over the period 2009/ /15 (reachig a maximum reductio of 18% i 2012/13), savig aroud 1,950,000 to date. The icrease i the average fee rate betwee 2013/14 ad 2014/15 is due to the reduced proportio of iputs beig provided by atioal cosultats. I implemetig programme activities, SPARC esures that it seeks the best value possible I implemetig programme activities, SPARC esures that it seeks the best value possible. This does ot mea that we always opt for the cheapest products or services, but that we balace the iitial cost agaist loger-term efficiecy ad effectiveess. We have egotiated discouts with hotels ad traiig veues, sought o-cost alteratives to office locatios ad traiig veues (e.g. state govermet secretariats), arraged cost sharig with other developmet parters ad programmes, ad expaded the roles of existig staff rather tha appoit ew oes. It is estimated that through these ad other ecoomy measures we have saved over 950,000 to date. 16

17 7. SPARC has made just over 5,920,000 i efficiecy cost savigs through crowdig i direct govermet fudig of programme iitiatives ad costraiig admi spedig icreases - despite expadig ito five additioal states ad scalig up i others. Total Spedig Budget Executio Admi Spedig Output 4 Output 1 Output 3 Output 2 8. SPARC adopts a strategy of usig Nigeria cosultats i preferece to flyig i expatriate cosultats. I additio, efficiecy savigs worth just over 4,180,000 have bee made through icreasig the techical roles of full-time staff. Expatriate Cosultats Nigeria Cosultats Proportio of Cosultats Iputs 9. Sice the begiig of the Programme, SPARC has gradually improved delivery of work pla milestoes to 97% whilst at the same time reducig the average fee rate by 8% - which together with other ecoomy measures has resulted i savigs worth almost 2,900,

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20 Cotact details SPARC has eleve offices i Nigeria. For more iformatio o our work: ifo@sparc-igeria.com Or at ask@sparc-igeria.com Telephoe: +234 (0) Visit our website: Fid us o Facebook The opiios expressed i this leaflet are those of the authors ad do ot ecessarily represet the views of the Departmet for Iteratioal Developmet.