Use of Inspections as a Risk Mitigation Tool. Dr. Lawrence E. Day - CSQA, PMP

Transcription

1 Use of Inspecions as a Risk Miigaion Tool Dr. Lawrence. Day - CSQA, PMP

2 Agenda AT and Inspecion Overview AT S/W Applicaion Inspecion Lessons Learned Inspecion Manufacuring Process Summary 2

3 Inspecion Overview Cross Funcional managemen charered echnical eams Documened and followed a S/W developmen process. Peer reviews and S/W inspecions. S/W configuraion managemen and S/W review board. Tes organizaion Projec Tracking and Managemen Oversigh. 3

4 Inspecion Overview (con ) Definiions rror: Produc does no mee cusomer expecaions. Defec: An error ha crosses a group boundary o he down sream cusomer. 4

5 Defec Prevenion Hierarchy Deerren Produc Developmen Modify Deerren Preven Correc Tes/ Operaions Deec Repor 5

6 Work Process Managemen n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i Desired nd-sae (Aligned Objecives and Maching nry/xi Crieria) n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) n r y x i Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) x i Underlap Overlap 6

7 Work Process Managemen Manager s Frame of Reference Developing and Negoiaing nry/xi Crieria Inend o Deliver = xpec o Receive Inend o Deliver = xpec o Receive S U P P X L I I T R S Boundaries or Group Inerfaces n r y Objecive (Wha) Sub-Processes (How) Work Process Definiion x i Manager s Responsibiliy Boundaries or Group Inerfaces C U S T N O T M R Y R S Manager s Perspecive 7

8 Process Level Diagram Work Process Sandards Documened Verbal Insrucions Produc Developmen Requiremens Saemens of Work (SOW) Previous Produc Versions Produc Measuremen Inspecion New or Revised Produc 8

9 Inspecion Review Process Flow Produc Definiion Auhor Moderaor Team Members Process Owner Produc Developmen Inspecion nry Crieria Check Sep 2 Kickoff/Overview Meeing Sep 3 Preparaion Sep 1 Inspecion Planning Sep 4 rror Logging Meeing Sep 5 Rework (Pickup) Sep 6 Follow-up Yes No Major Rework? xi Crieria Me? No Produc Release Yes Collec and Sore Daa Improvemen Of Work Process 9

10 lemens o nsure Success Managemen Commimen and Resources Moderaors Trained Work Processes Documened nry/xi Crieria Documened Baseline Sandards Idenified and Documened Cross-Funcional checkliss Work Groups Trained Analyze Resuls and Provide Produc and Process Improvemen Saus/Feedback 10

11 Inspecion Pahs and Benefis Cusomer Requiremens (n+2) (n+1) Produc Requiremens Work Process (including Checkliss) Updaed Sandards Produc Requiremens Lessons Learned Process Improvemen Produc Sandards Mainenance Use of Produc Sandards Requiremens Merics Requiremens rrors Process Merics Process rrors Produc Sandards Merics Produc Sandards rrors Deliverable Definiion Deliverable (n) Work Process Updaed Checkliss Deliverable rror Correcion Deliverable Developmen Produc Deliverable Measuremen Inspecion Review Synergy Technical Culure (OJT) rrors - Sandards Producs Reqms. Produc Release Inerpreaion of Daa and Improvemen of Work Processes Inspecion Daabase Defecs Cusomer rror/defec Analysis 11

12 Inspecions as a Manufacuring Process Inspecions can help o Manage S/W Process voluion an Improvemen: Tradiional View of Inspecions as jus an Inspecion Process. Alernae view of Inspecions as a Manufacuring Process. Conclusions From a Manufacuring View 12

13 Inspecions as a Manufacuring Process (con ) Tradiional Qualiy View: Inspecions are a Qualiy Inspecion and Produc Improvemen Technique. Manufacuring/Qualiy Assurance View: Inspecions are a Manufacuring Process. Their purpose is o manufacure rror Free S/W. ach Inspecion review is one producion run of he manufacuring process. W. dwards Deming s Process Managemen & Conrol Mehods can be applied o analyze and manage he Inspecion Process. 13

14 Inspecions as a Manufacuring Process (con ) Consequences of he Manufacuring View Process Conrol Chars complee wih Conrol Limis can be mainained as he inspecions are running. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) mehods can be applied o he daa variance shown in he chars o explain sources of process variance: Inrinsic (due o he process iself) xrinsic (due o he process operaors) 14

15 Inspecion Daa Major rrors per Page Upper Conrol Limi (UCL) Mean Firs Heavy Cusomer Involvemen Too Many Paricipans Leas Squares Trend Line Lower Conrol Limi (LCL)= Mos Recen Inspecions 15

16 Inspecion Daa 0.47 Upper Conrol Limi (UCL) Mean Lower Conrol Limi (LCL)= 0 16

17 Sepwise CQI Will Improve a Process Conrol Graphs and Limis sablished for an exising Process McCabe s Cyclomaic Complexiy Index (Maximum) ~ Sandard 2 Sandard 3 Organizaional Goal Use CQI Process Mgm Techniques o Improve he Process (Lower he Complexiy Index) Sandard n Coninuous Process Improvemen Furher Lowers he Index Subsequen Process Improvemens will Approach he Goal Time 17

18 Manufacuring View Conclusions Variance is due o inrinsic (process caused) facors: To improve hings (decrease he number of errors/page), modify he process. Using he full Inspecion process can resul in radiional one-ime waerfall series of evens ransforming ino a conrolled manufacuring process subjec o modern saisical qualiy conrols. The manufacuring view assiss he organizaion in migraing up he SI CMM Levels pas Level 3 where Inspecions are inroduced. 18

19 Summary The major benefi of Inspecions is heir abiliy o cause a group of developmen process-naïve people o rapidly converge on a common developmen process. AT Manager 19