Enough about me! Topics Covered

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2 About Me Worked in land surveying since 1997 Employed by the City of Orlando since 2006 City of Orlando City Surveyor since February 2015 Certified Floodplain Manager since 2015 Florida Licensed Surveyor, 2012 Member of FSMS since 2006 Central Florida FSMS Chapter President I am not from Georgia! Huge Tennessee Volunteer Fan!

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4 Enough about me! Topics Covered What you will be presented with today based on the E273 FEMA Publication and FEMA Website: What is the NFIP? What is the CRS? Where do the Elevation Certificate and Flood Insurance Rate Map come into all of this? What is the purpose of both? What is a PMR? Which EC Form is Current? What is with the FIRM Identification? Common Mistakes If you don t know, let them know!

5 Topics Covered CLOMR, CLOMR-F, e-loma, LOMA, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! Vertical Datums and New Flood Maps Why is this so important? Summary and Questions?

6 Flooding. River or Riverine Flood-Water rises over time due to excessive rain or snow and floods the banks of the river. Coastal Flood-Due to storm surge, higher than expected tides and high winds. Ponding or inland flooding-occurs when continual rain and moisture accumulation occurs over a period of time. Flash Flood- Heavy downpours or rain events in a short period of time, generally less than six hours. Levee or dam breaks are considered flash floods as well.

7 Flooding.Two types of forces Hydrodynamic-Hydrodynamic forces are imposed on an object, such as a building, by water flowing against and around it. Among the forces are positive frontal pressure against the structure, drag effect along the sides, and negative pressure in the downstream side. Hydrodynamic forces are one of the main causes of flood damage. Typical areas where hydrodynamic forces are of particular concern are along rivers and streams with high velocity floodwaters and coastal and other areas subject to wave forces.

8 Flooding.Two types of forces Hydrostatic-Standing water or slowly moving water can induce horizontal hydrostatic forces against a structure, especially when floodwater levels on different sides of a wall are not equal. Also flooding can cause vertical hydrostatic forces, or flotation. Hydrostatic forces are one of the main causes of flood damage.

9 Hydrologic vs Hydraulic Hydrology-a science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water on and below the earth's surface and in the atmosphere. (Merriam-Webster) Example: Rainfall or a river.

10 Hydrologic vs Hydraulic Descriptions of hydrologic characteristics are usually defined for a particular location along the course of a stream or river. Annual hydrographs are graphs that show changes in flow over the year at a specific location. Using a hydrograph, it is possible to show flow variation and to identify periods of high flows and low flows. Data collected to describe flows are called hydrometric data. A range of hydrologic indicators is often used to describe normal and extreme flow conditions. Some of the indicators commonly used include: Discharge, the flow passing a particular cross-section of the river channel, measured in cubic meters per second (m 3 /s). Maximum flow, the highest flow recorded for a particular day from all years of flow records. Minimum flow, the lowest flow recorded for a particular day from all years of flow records. Median flow, the recorded flow value at which 50% of recorded flows for a particular day are greater, and 50% of recorded flows are lower. Upper quartile, the recorded flow value at which 25% of recorded flows for a particular day are greater, and 75% of recorded flows are lower. Lower quartile, the recorded flow value at which 75% of recorded flows for a particular day are greater, and 25% of recorded flows are lower.

11 Hydrologic vs Hydraulic Hydraulics-the science that deals with ways to use liquid (such as water) when it is moving. (Merriam-Webster) Example: Where does the hydrology go. Movement of Rainwater and how it is managed.

12 Flooding among disasters

13 Flooding.

14 Flooding.

15 Flooding.

16 Flooding (Dangerous Conditions)

17 And more Flooding.

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19 What is the NFIP National Flood Insurance Program Created in 1968 Is the basis of the flood insurance program we know today.

20 CFM Certified Floodplain Manager-The CFM program is administered through the American Society of Floodplain Managers (ASFPM). Applicants must meet certain requirements and pass a certification exam to become certified. City of Orlando currently has nine CFM s, this includes the Public Works Director and Deputy Public Works Director-City Engineer, who is the City s Floodplain Administrator and my boss.

21 CRS Community Ratings System-The National Flood Insurance Program s (NFIP) Community Ratings System (CRS) is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements. In participating in the program the citizens of that community who purchase flood insurance can get a savings on their flood insurance premiums.

22 CRS Community Number Community Name CRS Entry Date Current Effective Date Current Class % Discount for SFHA % Discount for Non-SFHA Status Ocala, City of 10/1/ /01/ (1 out of 7 in the Country) C Orange County 10/1/ /01/ C Orlando, City of St. Pete Beach, City of St. Petersburg, City of 10/1/ /01/ C 10/1/ /01/ C 10/1/ /01/ C Tampa, City of 10/1/ /01/ C Key West, City of 10/1/ /01/ R Status: C = Current, R = Rescinded (Data 2014 except for Ocala)

23 CRS

24 And the Surveyor You each have an important role to play in the CRS and the NFIP. More on that later.

25 And the Surveyor

26 Before NFIP Pre-1940: Flood control structures through Flood Control Acts (Dams, Dikes and Levees) 1942: Human Adjustment to Floods, author Dr. White. Get people out of flood prone areas. Dr. White is the godfather of Floodplain Management. 1965: Water Resources Planning Act-Establish Water Resource Council (Environmental Impacts) 1966: House Document (HD) 465- Unified National Program for Managing Flood Losses. Declared Floods are an act of God. Flood Damages result from acts of man.

27 NFIP Congress creates the National Flood Insurance Program with the passage of the National Flood Insurance Act of The NFIP is a Federal program enabling property owners in PARTICIPATING COMMUNITIES to purchase insurance as a protection against flood losses in exchange for State and community floodplain management regulations that reduce future flood damages. Participation in the NFIP is based on an agreement between communities and the Federal Government. If a community adopts and enforces a floodplain management ordinance to reduce future flood risk to new construction in floodplains, the Federal Government will make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against flood losses. This insurance is designed to provide an insurance alternative to disaster assistance to reduce the escalating costs of repairing damage to buildings and their contents caused by floods.

28 Floodplain Model Ordinance Example Floodplain Ordinance A floodplain ordinance must be adopted as part of the NFIP. City of Orlando Floodplain Ordinance Floodplains Establishment of Floodplain Development Permit Florida Division of Emergency Management State Model Floodplain Ordinance States ordinance can be adopted by any city or county government in Florida.

29 What is the NFIP anyway? National Flood Insurance Program Created in 1968 by Congress Created to help provide a way for homeowners to protect themselves financially in the event of a flood. Currently managed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

30 What is the CRS Community Ratings System Established by FEMA in the National Flood insurance Act of 1994.

31 What is the CRS The Local partner (City or County) must adopt and enforce local floodplain ordinances that comply with Federal /State laws. This is the community.

32 FREEBOARD?

33 FREEBOARD? Not that kind of board. A freeboard is an increment of space between the special flood hazard zone elevation and a designated set elevation above that. Generally a freeboard is a one foot increment. The City of Orlando is implementing a one-foot freeboard requirement for all new construction and substantial improvements. Originally come from boating for the distance between the waterline and the to the upper deck level.

34 Where do the FIRM and EC come in? The Flood Insurance Rate Map The official map of a community on which FEMA has delineated both the special hazard areas and the risk premium zones applicable to the community. Based on Drainage Studies, Used in conjunction with the Flood Insurance Study (FIS).

35 Where do the FIRM and EC come in?

36 Where do the FIRM and EC come in?

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49 Huh? What is a PMR? PMR is a Preliminary Map Revision. City of Orlando currently has Preliminary 2015 maps that are in review by FEMA. The public may access their community s preliminary data by visiting the Preliminary Data Search Tool or through the MSC through the Search All Products or Product Availability Table. The preliminary data webpages listed above undergo periodic maintenance. If you are unable to access your community s preliminary data through these channels, please visit this alternate site. Based on Drainage Studies!

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51 PMR Continued Reflecting Data as of 08/01/2016 Zip code SEARCH BACK TO LIST Community: ORLANDO, CITY OF Project Name: Orange County FL FY13 PMR Projected Preliminary Date:10/30/2015 Actual Preliminary Date:10/30/2015 Appeal Period Start Date: Appeal Period End Date: Projected Effective Date:10/20/2016 Actual Effective Date: Actual LFD Date: Project Status:On-hold Definitions: Preliminary Date -The date when new preliminary DFIRMs were presented to community officials. Appeal Start -Start date for the official 90-Day Appeal Period. Appeal End -End date for the official 90-Day Appeal Period. LFD Date -The date where community officials are notified that a new or updated DFIRM will take effect in six months. Effective Date -The date when a new Digital Flood Insurance Map (DFIRM) become effective. DFIRM -Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map LFD -Letter of Final DeterminationProject StatusActive - Mapping project in status On-Hold - Mapping project experiencing delays Completed - Mapping project finished; updated map in effect Note - Projected Dates are only estimates as final dates have not been determined.

52 Elevation Certificate Used to calculate risk associated with the possibility of flooding. This is what is used to calculate the rates FEMA or insurance agencies will charge for flood insurance. Must be kept by the Community covering that area. Additionally they must be submitted to the Florida Department of Emergency Management.

53 Current EC FEMA Form

54 Current EC

55 Current EC

56 Current EC

57 Current EC-Building Diagrams

58 Current EC-Building Diagrams

59 Common Mistakes on the EC Listing WGS84 coordinates instead of the required NAD83 coordinates Missing photo s and listing incorrect diagrams. If you are not sure about the diagram number, list this in the comments section. From Instructions: Item A7. Select the diagram on pages 7 9 that best represents the building. Then enter the diagram number and use the diagram to identify and determine the appropriate elevations requested in Items C2.a h. If you are unsure of the correct diagram, select the diagram that most closely resembles the building being certified.

60 Common Mistakes on the EC Not using the comments section.

61 Common Mistakes on the EC Provide comments if you are unsure of something. There may not be a correct answer. Providing additional information aids the community and FEMA to properly evaluate and use your EC to provide flood insurance at a reasonable cost to your client.

62 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! Map Changes

63 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! CLOMR-Conditional Letter of Map Revision A Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) is FEMA's comment on a proposed project that would, upon construction, affect the hydrologic or hydraulic characteristics of a flooding source and thus result in the modification of the existing regulatory floodway, the effective Base Flood Elevations (BFEs), or the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). The letter does not revise an effective NFIP map, it indicates whether the project, if built as proposed, would be recognized by FEMA. FEMA charges a fee for processing a CLOMR to recover the costs associated with the review. Building permits cannot be issued based on a CLOMR, because a CLOMR does not change the NFIP map. Once a project has been completed, the community must request a revision to the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) to reflect the project. "As-built" certification and other data must be submitted to support the revision request.

64 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! CLOMR-Conditional Letter of Map Revision A Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) is a conditional change of the current FIRM to show changes in the limits of floodplains, floodways, corporate limits, or flood hazard risk zones.

65 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! CLOMR-F-Conditional Letter of Map Revision-Based on Fill A Conditional Letter of Map Revision (based on fill) (CLOMR-F) is a conditional change and conditional exclusion from the SFHA (Special Flood Hazard Area) of structures and legally described parcels of undeveloped land proposed to be elevated by fill, if built as proposed. A CLOMR-F will physically revise the FIRM after completion of the development. CLOMR-F s are very rare.

66 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! LOMA- Letter of Map Amendment A Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA) is an official amendment, by letter, to an effective National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) map. A LOMA establishes a property''s location in relation to the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). LOMAs are usually issued because a property has been inadvertently mapped as being in the floodplain, but is actually on natural high ground above the base flood elevation. Because a LOMA officially amends the effective NFIP map, it is a public record that the community must maintain. Any LOMA should be noted on the community''s master flood map and filed by panel number in an accessible location.

67 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! LOMA- Letter of Map Amendment A Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA) provides an administrative procedure for FEMA to review information submitted by a property owner who believes the property has been inadvertently included in a designated SFHA. A LOMA does not physically revise the FIRM.

68 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! eloma- Electronic Letter of Map Amendment The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has designed a web-based tool for licensed land surveyors and professional engineers (referred to as Licensed Professionals or LPs) and other FEMA permitted Certified Professional (CPs) to submit selected Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA) requests, known as an electronic Letter of Map Amendment (eloma). The eloma tool is designed to replace the traditional LOMA process by allowing LPs and CPs to expedite LOMA requests that meet eloma criteria and potentially generate an instant determination from FEMA.

69 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! eloma- Electronic Letter of Map Amendment

70 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! eloma- Electronic Letter of Map Amendment

71 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! LOMR- Letter of Map Revision A Letter of Map Revision (LOMR) is FEMA's modification to an effective Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), or Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM), or both. LOMRs are generally based on the implementation of physical measures that affect the hydrologic or hydraulic characteristics of a flooding source and thus result in the modification of the existing regulatory floodway, the effective Base Flood Elevations (BFEs), or the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). The LOMR officially revises the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) or Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM), and sometimes the Flood Insurance Study (FIS) report, and when appropriate, includes a description of the modifications. The LOMR is generally accompanied by an annotated copy of the affected portions of the FIRM, FBFM, or FIS report.

72 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! LOMR-F- Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill A Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-F) is FEMA's modification of the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) based on the placement of fill outside the existing regulatory floodway. All requests for changes to effective maps, other than those initiated by FEMA, must be made in writing through the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the community or an official designated by the CEO. Because a LOMR officially revises the effective National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) map, it is a public record that the community must maintain. Any LOMR should be noted on the community's master flood map and filed by panel number in an accessible location.

73 C-LOMR, C-LOMR-F, LOMA, LOMC, eloma, LOMR and LOMR-F, oh my! Each of these requires a MT-1 or and MT-2 Form MT-1 s require a surveyor eloma LOMA C-LOMR-F LOMR-F MT-2 s require and Engineer C-LOMR LOMR

74 Vertical Datums and New Flood Maps NGVD 29 There are still maps that are in 29 Datum (Miami) NAVD 88 Hopefully everyone is good with 88 datum, except for the few, because we re moving again!!! Proposed 2022 Datum New Flood Maps City of Orlando has 2015 PMR s (Preliminary Map Revisions) Other communities are revising their maps.

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77 New Datums Are You Ready? Is FEMA Ready? In discussion with NGS it is being told that FEMA is heavily involved in this transition and is working to be ready. We must plan now!

78 Why is all of this so important?? Floodplain management is important for all parties involved. This includes the importance of the Surveyor and gathering vertical information with the Elevation Certificate or various MT-1 Forms to the Certified Floodplain Manager or Floodplain Official who is responsible for managing development and activities within the floodplain. Each is relied upon to manage and protect the vital floodplains. This is why we have the Community Ratings System that ties it all together and offers and opportunity for savings for the residents of the community while reducing the risk for flooding for FEMA. This is all tied together!

79 Questions??