The Future of Offshore Wind Power Generation. Published:October 2011 No.Of Pages:136 Price:US $ Introduction

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1 The Future of Offshore Wind Power Generation Published:October 2011 No.Of Pages:136 Price:US $ 2875 Offshore wind power is one of the newest major sources of renewable electricity generation to be developed and also one of the most interesting. Its history is short, no more than 20 years, and yet over that period the technology has been able to establish itself as both viable and potentially profitable. Features and benefits * Realize up to date competitive intelligence through a comprehensive review of offshore wind power generation technologies concepts. * Assess the emerging trends in offshore wind power generation technologies. * Identify which key trends will offer the greatest growth potential and learn which technology trends are likely to allow greater Offshore Wind Power Generation market impact. * Compare how manufacturers are developing offshore wind power generation technologies. * Quantify costs of offshore wind power generation technologies, with comparisons against forms of power, installation costs, and cost of electricity. Highlights * In Europe, by the middle of 2011, there were 1,247 offshore wind turbines across nine countries, 49 wind farms with an aggregate capacity of 3,294MW. Based on satellite data, offshore wind energy could provide up to 15% of global energy demand. * Today most wind farms are built in water depths or around 25m or less and few exceed 50m. Regions of highest wind energy can potentially provide between 500W/m2 and 800W/m2. * Overall unconstrained wind energy potential in Europe including both onshore and offshore was 70,000TWh, more than 20 times the expected energy demand in Of this, 25,000TWh was is offshore. Browse All Energy and Power Market Research Reports Table Of Contents Dr Paul Breeze Disclaimer

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY An introduction to offshore wind power generation The offshore wind resource Offshore wind technology Getting the power ashore Environmental, legislative and political issues The cost of offshore wind power An introduction to offshore wind power An introduction to offshore wind power Offshore wind history The structure of the report The offshore wind resource Global offshore potential Regional offshore wind potential Offshore wind technology Typical offshore wind turbine Turbine size Turbine development Drive trains and nacelles Towers Foundations and underwater structures Alternative floating wind turbine options Array issues Construction infrastructure development Reliability and condition monitoring The supply chain Offshore wind costs Getting the power ashore The grid problem The farm-by-farm solution Financing offshore transmission links Offshore grids Supergrids The shape of the North Sea supergrid Supergrid components and technical requirements Extension of the North Sea supergrid Environmental, legislative and political issues The environmental impact of offshore wind farms Construction and sea bed effects Human impact Impact on marine and other animal life Shipping and fishing Health and safety issues

3 Financial support for offshore wind farm construction Offshore wind farm regulatory issues The offshore grid: funding and regulatory issues The cost of offshore wind power Capital cost breakdown Capital costs The levelized cost of electricity Supergrid costs The capital cost of power generation technologies Levelized cost comparisons Offshore wind capacity growth potential Appendix Bibliography/References LIST OF TABLES Table: Annual offshore wind capacity (MW), 2011 Table: European offshore wind potential (TWh), 2009 Table: European offshore wind potential by country, 2011 Table: US offshore wind energy potential (GW), 2011 Table: US offshore wind potential by region and sea depth (GW), 2009 Table: China, offshore wind potential (TWh/y), 2010 Table: Japanese offshore wind potential (GW), 2010 Table: Average wind turbine size, including onshore and offshore, by year (kw), 2011 Table: Average size of offshore wind turbines, by year (kw), 2011 Table: Current and future offshore wind turbine parameters, 2011 Table: Advanced turbine developments, 2011 Table: Types of offshore foundation and platform, 2011 Table: Offshore wind turbine manufacturers, 2011 Table: Lifetime cost breakdown for typical offshore wind project (%), 2011 Table: Offshore wind farm connection technologies, 2011 Table: Cost allocation schemes for offshore wind transmission, 2011 Table: Driving force for North Sea offshore grid, 2011 Table: Supernodes for first phase of European supergrid (GW), 2011 Table: Interconnections for first phase of European Supergrid (GW), 2011 Table: Offshore wind environmental considerations, 2011 Table: Support mechanisms for offshore wind energy, 2011 Table: Models for supergrid financing, 2011 Table: Cost breakdown for offshore wind projects (%), 2011 Table: UK offshore wind farm capital costs, 2011 Table: Predicted UK offshore wind farm capital costs to 2030 (round 3 projects), 2011 Table: Predicted UK offshore wind farm operating costs to 2030 (round 3 projects) ( /kw), 2011 Table: Estimated capital cost for offshore wind in the US, 2011 Table: Estimated current and future levelized costs of electricity for UK offshore wind farms ( MWh), 2011

4 Table: Cost of energy from US offshore wind farms, 2011 Table: Capital cost projections for renewable technologies in the UK ( /kw), 2011 Table: Predicted capital cost for US generating technologies ($/kw), 2011 Table: Comparative cost of renewable power generation in the UK( /MWh), 2011 Table: Comparative cost of renewable power generation in the UK ( /MWh), 2017 Table: Comparative levelized cost of electricity in the UK ( /MWh) Table: Comparative levelized cost of electricity in the US in 2016 ($/MWh) Table: Variation in the levelized cost of offshore wind for plants entering service in 2015 ($/MWh) Table: UK offshore wind development rounds, 2011 Table: Predicted UK and EU offshore wind capacity (GW), 2011 Table: Current offshore wind capacity and capacity under construction (MW), 2011 Table: Planned offshore wind capacity (MW), 2011 LIST OF FIGURES Figure: Annual offshore wind capacity (MW), 2011 Figure: European offshore wind potential (TWh), 2009 Figure: Europe, estimated wind resource size by country (TWh/y), 2011 Figure: Europe, estimated wind resource size by country (MW), 2011 Figure: US offshore wind energy potential (GW), 2011 Figure: US offshore wind potential by region and sea depth (GW), 2009 Figure: China, offshore wind potential (TWh/y), 2010 Figure: Japanese offshore wind potential (GW), 2010 Figure: Average wind turbine size, including onshore and offshore, by year (kw), 2011 Figure: Average wind turbine size, including onshore and offshore, by year (kw), 2011 Figure: Lifetime cost breakdown for typical offshore wind project (%), 2011 Figure: Supernodes for first phase of European supergrid (GW), 2011 Figure: Interconnections for first phase of European Supergrid (GW), 2011 Figure: Cost breakdown for offshore wind projects (%), 2011 Figure: Predicted UK offshore wind farm capital costs to 2030 (round 3 projects), 2011 Figure: Predicted UK offshore wind farm operating costs to 2030 (round 3 projects) ( /kw), 2011 Figure: Estimated current and future levelized costs of electricity for UK offshore wind farms ( MWh), 2011 Figure: Cost of energy from US offshore wind farms, 2011 Figure: Capital cost projections for renewable technologies in the UK ( /kw), 2011 Figure: Predicted capital cost for US generating technologies ($/kw), 2011 Figure: Comparative cost of renewable power generation in the UK( /MWh), 2011 Figure: Comparative cost of renewable power generation in the UK ( /MWh), 2017 Figure: Comparative levelized cost of electricity in the UK ( /MWh) Figure: Comparative levelized cost of electricity in the US in 2016 ($/MWh) Figure: Variation in the levelized cost of offshore wind for plants entering service in 2015 ($/MWh) Figure: Predicted UK and EU offshore wind capacity (GW), 2011 Figure: Current offshore wind capacity and capacity under construction (MW), 2011 Figure: Planned offshore wind capacity (MW), 2011

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