About Roosevelt: Wife Edith - 6 children Energetic/Exciting Contradictory Shrewd Charismatic Leader. Political Party: Republican / Bull Moose Party

Transcription

1 Political Party: Republican / Bull Moose Party Years in Office: About Roosevelt: Wife Edith - 6 children Energetic/Exciting Contradictory Shrewd Charismatic Leader Environmental Reform U.S. Forest Service Created to preserve millions of acres of federal reserved forests National Park Service Created to monitor tourism and use the money collected from tourists to protect and preserve nature Social Reform Meat Inspection Act allowed for government examination of products Pure Food & Drug Act required proper labeling

2 Accomplishments: Square Deal All people rich and poor, native born and immigrant should have an equal opportunity and be treated fairly Coal Strike 0f 1902 Settled through arbitration - took the side of workers over business owners for 1st time. Big Stick Diplomacy Speak softly and carry a big stick working quietly and patiently to achieve goals overseas but using force if necessary. Political Reform Economic Reform Sherman Anti-Trust Law Used this as a tool to bust trusts. Broke up corporations that discouraged competition. Determined good trusts vs. bad trusts. Hepburn Act Allowed the ICC to set a maximum railroad rate, inspect a company s books, investigate railroads, sleeping cars, oil pipelines, and other transportation companies Interstate Commerce Commission Monitors everyday business transactions of railroad companies between states to ensure fair business practices Department of Commerce & Labor Designed to monitor corporations and ensure that they engaged in fair business practices.

3 Political Party: Republican Years in Office: About Taft: Wife: Nellie - 3 children Did not enjoy politics Heaviest President in history Excellent legal mind Delegated responsibility Political Reform 16th Amendment helped pave the way for the ratification of a reform that would authorize a federal income tax Social Reform Children s Bureau Investigated the welfare of children Adamson Act Passed laws for an 8 hour workday

4 His Presidency: #1 Ambition: What was it? To be a Supreme Court Justice What was his belief? Dollar Diplomacy To encourage and protect trade and investment in Latin America and Asia. Economically motivated. Election of 1912 Split Republican vote w/ Roosevelt (Bull Moose Party) Embarrassing election for Taft, humiliated by Roosevelt Democratic candidate, Woodrow Wilson won Economic Reform Trustbusting Busted twice as many trusts as Roosevelt Payne-Aldrich Tariff Aimed to lower the tariff on imported goods, but ultimately ended up raising the rate, which made products more expensive for consumers. Hurt consumers but helped American companies compete with foreign industries. Interstate Commerce Commission Helped strengthen this agency thru government regulation of all railroad, telephone, telegraph, & radio facilities Environmental Reform U.S. Forest Service Fired leader, Gifford Pinchot for attacking Secretary of Interior, Richard Ballinger on his decision to allow the sale of thousands of acres of land that had initially been federally protected and conserved.

5 Political Party: Democrat Years in Office: About Wilson: 1st wife - Ellen; 2nd wife - Edith, 3 children Principled Outwardly cold Masterful orator Collegial leader Political Reform 17th Amendment Gave Americans right to vote for Senator Social Reform 18th Amendment Banned alcohol sales in the U.S. 19th Amendment Gave women the right to vote. Keating-Owen Act Children under 14 can t work.

6 New Freedom Sought to solve the issue of: His Presidency: Stance on WWI Neutrality Moral Diplomacy Tariffs Banks Trusts democratic ideals rather than economic investment or military force. Self-determination- the right of people of other nations to determine their own government, free of outside influence Economic Reform Underwood Tariff This bill lowered taxes on imports & introduced graduated income tax. People were now taxed on earnings instead of goods. 16th Amendment Allowed Federal government to impose an income tax. Federal Reserve Act Prior to 1913, panics were common occurrences, as investors were unsure about the safety of their deposits. This gave 12 central banks the ability to print money in order to ensure economic stability. Clayton Antitrust Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act. Prohibited business practices that tried to destroy competition. It also protected Unions and Workers right to organize. Federal Trade Commission Federal government could investigate companies and order them to stop using unfair business practices Environmental Reform