Academic IELTS Writing task 1 Sample 1 - Male and female workers in 1975 and 1995 in several employment sectors of the republic of Freedonia

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1 1 Academic IELTS Writing task 1 Sample 1 - Male and female workers in 1975 and 1995 in several employment sectors of the republic of Freedonia The graphs below show the numbers of male and female workers in 1975 and 1995 in several employment sectors of the republic of Freedonia. Write a report for a university teacher describing the information shown.» You should write at least 150 words.» You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

2 2 Sample Answer 1: The provided line graphs compare the employment history of men and women in 1975 and 1995 dividing in six major sectors namely: manufacturing, communications, finance/ banking, wholesale & retail trade, non-defence public sectors and defence public sectors. As is observed from the given illustration, significant changes have been made in women's employment and women appear to have made remarkable improvements in almost the entire job sectors in Freedonia and in some sectors women went well ahead of men. Initially in 1975, men were notably ahead of women in every sector of employment. For example, in communication sector about 260 men worked against 220 women in every thousand employees. Twenty years later, though the number of men remained unchanged, the number of women rose to over 550 in one thousand. A similar trend can be seen in the wholesale and retail trade sector, where the number of women rose from about 550 to almost 800 in every 1000 employees of this sector two decades later. The number of men in this sector remained stable over the period, at around 700 / thousand. Women also made their prominence in both the finance/ banking industries and in the defence-related public sector during this period. Where 125 women among one thousand employees worked in finance & banking institutions in 1975, this number increased to 450 by The number of men grew only marginally from 425 to 480 over the same period. In defence sector, the number of men declined from 225 to 200 per thousand, while the number of women rose from 25 to over 100 per thousand. Two

3 3 sectors that remained almost stable in terms of men and women employee ration are manufacturing and public sector. In manufacturing about 300 women and 650 men worked in both surveyed years, and in public sector (non-defence), which employed 650 women and 850 men. In conclusion, we can say that, women appear to have made gains in the work force in Freedonia and in some sectors they went well ahead compared to men. (Approximately 338 words) Model Answer 2: The provided illustrations compare the male and female workers in different employment sectors in Freedonia over 20 years of time by providing data for the years 1975 and As is observed from the given line graphs, women were far behind in employment in Freedonia in 1975 but within 20 years they made remarkable progress almost in all sectors and went well ahead of men in communications and wholesale & retail trade sectors. The graphs compare the number of male and female workers in 6 different sectors of Freedonia per thousand. In 1975, more men than women were employed in almost all the mentioned sectors of job categories. For instance, approximately 650 men were employed in manufacturing related jobs compared to only 300 women per thousand of total employees in the same sectors. In almost all other cases, the numbers of male employees were much higher than the women and in communication sectors men were bit ahead than female in their employment ration. After 20 years, in 1995, women made outstanding progress in Freedonian job sectors. For instance, in communication sectors almost 600 female were employed compared to 300 male workers per thousand. Women went ahead of men in wholesale & retail trade sectors too. Except for the public sectors (non-defence) women hold the trends of progress compared to men in all other sectors. In 1975 only about 40 women worked in defence sectors and this number grew to more than 100 per thousand after 20 years. In summary women did remarkable progress in Freedonian job fields over 20 years and they went ahead of men in many job sectors. (Approximately 270 words) Sample Answer 3: The given line graphs illustrate the number of male and female workers in various employment sectors of the republic of Fredonia in the year 1975 and The first point to note is that, highest number of male and female workers occupied in public sector and wholesale and retail trade sector in both years. Public sector occupied same number of employees in both two years that is 840 males and 640 females. Wholesale and retail trade sector stands close behind with 650 male and 460 female employees in the year 1975, while a slight reverse order in the year 1995 with 800 females and 650 males. Manufacturing section consumes almost equal number of employees in both years with 600 males and half of its females. Interestingly, almost equal number of employees in communication sector in the year 1975

4 4 with 240 and 250 females and males respectively, changed to its double in female workers and with same number of male workers in the year This same trend shown in finance and banking sector. However, defense public sector occupied lowest number with 10 female and 210 male workers in the year 1975 and 100 females and its double male workers in the year In conclusion, it is clear from the graphs that, there are fluctuations in the number in both years. But male employees are more compared to females in almost all the sectors in the given years. Tips for Answering this Academic Writing Task 1 Question: 1. Two line graphs are provided in this writing task 1, so start the introduction part as follows: The given line graphs provides data on... Do not use, the give line graph shows... as there are more than one graphs present in this question. 2. The two line graphs compare the number of male and female employees in 6 employment sectors in Freedonia. The first graph shows the data for the year 1975 while the second graph shows data for the year The first graph shows that the male employees were well ahead in all the job sectors of Freedonia. But after 20 years that scenario has significantly changed and women did a remarkable progress in the job sectors. 4. Initially in 1975, men were higher in number in terms of their involvement in different sectors. Only in Finance and Banking sector, female were close to the male. 5. After 20 years in 1995, the number of women employees crossed the number of men employees in communications & wholesale & retail trade sectors. 6. In communication sector, the number of women employees reached to 550 per thousand while this number was only 210 per thousand in Do not only give the numbers of male and female employees in 6 job sectors of Freedonia for 1975 and Rather make the comparison of the male and female employee numbers and show some of the comparisons for women about how many of them were employed in 1975 and how these numbers have increased in Keep in mind that the writing expects you to be able to compare the women's improvement and increasing involvement in job sectors of Freedonia. Summary of the graphs: In Freedonia, women's involvement in major job sectors has increased remarkably in 20 years. Initially in 1975, they were less in number than the male employees in all the 6 major job sectors. But within 20 years, they did significant progress and have crossed the number of male employees in some sectors.

5 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The pie charts below show the average household expenditures in Japan and Malaysia in the year 2010.

5 5 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The pie charts below show the average household expenditures in Japan and Malaysia in the year Summaries the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. Average Household Expenditures by Major Category Read the following model answer. Complete the answer by filling the gaps with a word from the box below. main but than higher smallest in contrast compared with lower higher overall indicates while Model answer The pie charts show the proportion of money spent on various household expenses in Malaysia and Japan in 2010.

6 6 We can see that in Malaysia the greatest proportion of expenditure (34%) was on housing,... in Japan housing accounted for just 21% of the total...., in Japan the greatest single expense was other goods and services at 29%,... 26% in Malaysia. Food came in second place in Japan, at 24%, while in Malaysia the actual proportion was... (27%). In Japan another major expense was transport, at 20%, but this was much... In Malaysia (10%). In both countries the...percentage of expenditure was on health care...., the data... that in both cases food, housing and other goods and services were the...expenses that in Japan, transport and other goods and services took up a... proportion of total expenditure... in Malaysia. Model answer The pie charts show the proportion of money spent on various household expenses in Malaysia and Japan in We can see that in Malaysia the greatest proportion of expenditure (34%) was on housing, while in Japan housing accounted for just 21% of the total. In contrast, in Japan the greatest single expense was other goods and services at 29%, compared with 26% in Malaysia. Food came in second place in Japan, at 24%, while in Malaysia the actual proportion was higher (27%). In Japan another major expense was transport, at 20%, but this was much lower In Malaysia (10%). In both countries the smallest percentage of expenditure was on health care. Overall, the data indicates that in both cases food, housing and other goods and services were the main expenses, but that in Japan, transport and other goods and services took up a higher proportion of total expenditure than in Malaysia.

7 7 Writing Task 2 Write about the following topic: Nowadays food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Give reasons for your answer using your own ideas and experience. Write at least 250 words. Model Answer 1: Food is one of the fundamental needs of human lives, and from the ancient period till this ultra-modern tech-time people have invented different ways to prepare and customize foods. The customs and ways people prepare foods and present to others vary depending on the race, culture and country. But the most fundamental need of preparing foods is to fulfil the very basic human need: hunger. Preparing foods was very cumbersome in earlier ages but with the advancement of human knowledge and technology, men have created many devices and made many new ways of easily making foods. The number of restaurants and fast-food shops are ever increasing and that have omitted the need to prepare the food at all. The advanced technology like rice cooker, meal cooker and easy availability of ingredients nowadays help people to prepare food in no time and that has improved the way of people s lifestyle. People now spend less time preparing foods and can utilize this time in other tasks like professional tasks, reading, entertainment and spending time with family and friends. Thus people get more productive and social because of the increased time they have. Quick food has become very popular which omits the needs of cooking and professionals, students and business person are having those foods in their lunch time. This is a significance improvement of saving time and using it more productively. Though the fast foods have some health issues, the ever increasing popularity of it shows the needs to have more time in our busy life and saving this time from the allotted time from cooking. The cooking machines help the housewives to prepare the foods easily and they do not have to spend time in a hot kitchen to prepare food. This is leap towards a modern life where foods can be prepared virtually anywhere and in few minutes. In summary, the improved way of cooking helps people nowadays to save time and cook in a more convenient place. This help them to spend time in more important things and lead a life without much hassle. Idea Generation for this IELTS Essay: Essay Type: Discussion Essay. Main question of this IELTS Essay: A. Has the easier food preparation process nowadays improved the way people live? Discussion Points: How the easier food preparation process nowadays improved the way people live.

8 8 Ways how the easy food preparation has improved the way people live nowadays: Having more spare-time for other activities, like entertainment. Control their diet by the calculation of calorie being used by appliances. Decreasing the rate of danger. The rate of explosion has been decreased by using of new appliances. People are able to prepare their food at their workplace or study by using appliances like microwave woven, rice cooker, coffee-maker etc. Fresher products are more available thanks to new technology of freezing. It saves time and people can get involved in more important tasks. Dependency on fast food shops and restaurant could be avoided. Saves the logs and woods needed to cook in the past time. It has reduces the work load for housewives and cooks. It is possible to cook variety of foods with the help of latest technological devices. Cases where this has failed to improve the way people live: Higher fat, salt, and less fiber applied on processed foods or fast foods have increased risk of obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Probable hazardous consequences of microwave radiation on humans health. Eating more meat products has increased risk of cancer. Meals have become less tasteless compared to the traditional ones (GM foods). These latest home appliances for cooking consume electricity. Using of juice instead of fruit has led people to intake less vitamins and minerals. [The above points should be helpful to aid you generating your own ideas and then turning them in to a nicely written IELTS Essay. Add any point you think we have missed in the comment section.] Model Answer 2: Most of the food items that were hard to prepare and restricted to experienced chefs are now easily available off the shelf or are made easy to prepare with modern recipes. But like any other thing, this also has its advantages and disadvantages. Firstly, most of these foods are high in saturated fats and eventually leads to obesity. They cannot become substitute to our staple diet that is still not so easy to prepare due to nature of its cooking methods. For example, for most of the Indians, the staple diet includes combination of Indian breads, pulses and curries. It is not possible to make it much easier even using modern equipment or methods. Secondly, most of the easy to prepare food items either have very little shelf life or they need to be kept

9 9 frozen (or both). Thus they cannot match the nutrition of freshly prepared traditional home food. Having said that, these easy to prepare food items are a boon to students or other people, who stay away from home. They are definitely better that eating in restaurants or street food. Although not as good as home food, they definitely purpose the purpose to get home like food. Also, most of these food items come with handy instructions and pre-mixed ingredients. With simple instructions, anybody can cook most of the recipes now. This has life easier for many across the globe. With advent of easy availability of raw ingredients, it has not become much easier to cook recipes at home that was previous possible to cherish in high end restaurants. For instance, the Italian pastas, which requires many types of sauces, is now easy to prepare at home and all these sauces are now just a call away from a local grocery shop. In conclusion, this is a much welcomed and positive change and it has definitely improved our lives.

**The chart below shows the amount of leisure time enjoyed by men and women of different employment status.

Bar Graph **The chart below shows the amount of leisure time enjoyed by men and women of different employment status. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below. Leisure