Deregulation. .(World Bank 2004)

Transcription

1 . ()

2 ... Abstract This paper discusses alternative institutional mechanisms for reducing state intervention in economic affairs and strengthening its regulatory and oversight role. It first explores the rationale for rethinking the role of the state, by assessing the economic cost of maintaining the status quo, and analyzing the relation between reducing state intervention and economic growth. It then reviews the alternative mechanisms in light of international experience and the main challenges that face reform efforts in this respect. Finally, the paper focuses on Egypt in an attempt to identify the mechanism that both suits the current phase of economic reform and achieves the desired impact on economic growth and development.

3 -... Deregulation.. Re-regulation.(World Bank 2004). :.. 1

4 .... :.. New Theory of Regime Orientation Regulation Regime Organization. Public Choices and New Economic History, Political Economics The Capture Theory of Regulation.. 2

5 ()... Best Practice.(World Bank 2004) 3

6 :().World Bank (2005) : :.. :(Court Power Index). :(Employment Law Index)..(World Bank 2004)...(). 4

7 :() World Bank (2005) :.() :().World Bank (2005)World Economic Forum (2004) : : :(Transparency of Government Policymaking) :(Disclosure Index). - :(Centralization of Economic Policymaking). 5

8 () Djankov et al... (2002) 6

9 :() World Bank (2005) :...(Helmy 2003) -.(Guasch and Hahn 1999) %..(Jacobs 1999). 7

10 () (Koedijk..and Kremers 1996; Gauasch and Hahn 1999) :() US$ World Bank (2004) : (Alesina et.(nicoletti and Scarpetta 2003).al. 2003; Nicoletti and Scarpetta 2003) (Alesina et al. 2003). (Bismut )

11 .() :() (%) World Bank (2004) : ().World Bank (2004). %. (Guasch and. Hahn 1999; Gonenc, Maher, and Nicoletti 2001).World Bank (2004) () 9

12 :() World Bank (2003, 2004) : ( ) %-.(Hahn 1996, 1998; Guasch and Hahn 1999) Hopkins (1992)..(OECD 1997). Zero Regulations 10

13 . -. (Nicoletti and Scarpetta 2003; () Gonenc, Maher, and Nicoletti 2001; Choi 2001; Hahn 2000; Ha 1999; Chisari, Estache, and Romero.1997; Guasch and Hahn 1999; Goldstein 2000; Duso 2002)... % "". (Choi 2001) %.( ) -.(Winston 1993, 1998). (Gonenc, Maher, and Nicoletti.2001) 11

14 .(Chisari, Estache, and Romero. 1997; Nicoletti et al. 2001) -. :.. (Vogel 1996)...(Hoekman and Messerlin 1999) - (Jacobs and Cardova-Novion 1999; Deighton-Smith and Jacobs 2000a,b; Vogel 1996; Moise and Ghafele 2003; Wise 2002, 2003). 12

15 . : (Jacobs and Cordova-Novion 1999; Cordova-Novion, Holmes, and.jacobs 2001; Moise and Ghafele 2003; Deighton-Smith and Jacobs 2000b).. (OECD 1997; Jacobs and Cordova-Novion 1999).(Vogel 1996) 13

16 . (Vogel 1996; Cordova-Novion, Holmes, and Jacobs 2001; Choi 2001; Moise and Ghafele.2003). : -... :. () ().(). :. :. 14

17 ..All-Purpose Regulator :..Light-Handed Regulation.... :

18 : Regulatory Reform Committee.(RRC).... Basic Act on Administrative Regulations (BAAR). Agreement to Deregulate Business Activities (ADBA).. :. Regulation Capture 16

19 .(Cordova-Novion, Holmes, and Jacobs 2001).. Regulatory Reform Committee.() : ( - )..... / Regulation Impact Analysis (RIA). 17

20 :(). :. -. ) ( ( ).. 18

21 (Jacobs and Cordova-Novion 1999)

22 :....

23 (Noll 1997).. % %. (MFTI 2004)....(World Bank 2003) %% %. / %. /. / / % / % (MFTI % /.2004).(Shura Council 2004) % 21

24 22.. ) (. -. :.... ()..

25 ..... ) (.... : 23

26 ..... : Regulatory Impact Analysis (Cordova-Novion, Holmes, and Jacobs.2001).Focused Reform

27 . Notice & Comment. (Wise 2003)...(Guasch and Hahn 1999). - Sun-Setting Clause

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