Active ageing in a life course perspective
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1 Active ageing in a life course perspective Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland First Forum on the Demographic Future in Europe, October 30-31, 2006, Brussels
2 Active ageing Ageing is a good thing think about the alternative! Active ageing: physically, mentally and socially active life the best theory to live longer! The process of ageing: genetics vs. life style & work 30:70 % Dimensions of age: - chronological -biological - psychological -social I am as old as I feel Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
3 Successful ageing avoiding sickness and functional deficiency successfull ageing active attitude towards life good cognitive and physical capacity Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
4 Criteria for successful ageing no illnesses or accidents that cause problems in everyday life no health problems that limit hobbies own assessment of cognitive functional capacity better than satisfactory own assessment of functional capacity good in comparison of others no sign of depression Uotinen et al Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
5 Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
6 LIFE COURSE Life course 20 yrs Age 60 yrs Life cycle 20 yrs Age 60 yrs Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
7 Milestones of the life course at work shifting from education to work life (18-25 yrs) combining family and work life (25-35 yrs) changes in worktasks and employers (35-45 yrs) changes in personal resources (over 45 yrs) changes in family and close communities (over 50 yrs) changes in attitudes towards work and retirement (over 55 yrs) leaving worklife and shifting to retirement (over 60 yrs) Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
8 Active Age integrated life Traditional Life phases Age integrated Education and Training Work Retirement Family, leisure, community Work Education and Training Age Age Lähde: Reday-Mulvey 2005 Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
9 Life Course and Work: Towards a better and longer Work Life by FIOH Towards Work Life Occupational Health Services Working Times Transfers From School to Work To Work Successful Senior Physical Work and Age Work and Age Coaching Life Course Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
10 Need of reforms for Active Ageing in work life Attitudes towards ageing must be changed (an attitudinal reform) The awareness level of managers and supervisors in age-related issues needs to be improved (management reform) Better age and life course-adjusted and flexible working life is needed (work life reform) Health care services should meet the increasing needs of older workers (reform of health services) Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
11 Towards a longer work life Ageing and work life quality in the European union Juhani Ilmarinen June 2006 Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
12 One of the greatest challenges for the societies: Living longer but working shorter Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
13 What s the problem? Ageing Globalisation New technology Management Working life Health Competence Attitudes and values Employment policy Exit policy Early retirement Something else? Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
14 The problem is not ageing! but the early retirement early retirement is a clear sign of the problems to find out a healthy, safety, secure and positive future in the working life Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
15 Why should we work longer? Work life must be lengthened for the sake of society Can we afford growing older? Higher employment rates and lower dependency ratios are the base for good older societies Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
16 Innovative Concepts and Solutions for Active Ageing Age Management Employability Work Ability Promotion of Work Ability Age Management Coaching Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
17 LEVELS OF AGE MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS / POSSIBILITIES MEANS / SOLUTIONS RESULTS / AIMS INDIVIDUAL - functional capacity - health - competence - work motivation - work ability - work exhaustion - unemployment - age management - promotion of physical, mental and social resources - improving health - developing competence - coping with changes - participating - better functional capacities - better health - better competence - better work ability - less exhaustion - lower unemployment risk - better quality of life ENTERPRISE - productivity - competitiveness - sickness absence - tolerance for change - work organization - work environment - recruitment - age-management - individual solutions - co-operation between age groups - age- ergonomics - work-rest schedules - flexible working times - part-time work - tailored competence -training - better total productivity - better competitiveness - less sick leaves - better management - competent manpower - better image - lower work disability costs SOCIETY - attitudes toward work and retirement - age- discrimination - early retirement - work disability costs - retirement costs - health care costs - dependency ratios - age-management - changing attitudes - preventing age-discrimination - improving age-concious work policy - changing age-concious exit policy - less age-discrimination - later retirement - lower unemployment costs - lower health care costs - better national economy - higher wellfare Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
18 AGE MANAGEMENT Definition Consideration of age-related factors affecting both white and blue collar employees in the daily management, design, and organization of individual work tasks, as well as the work environment, so that everybody, regardless of age, feels empowered in reaching both personal and corporate goals. Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
19 Age Management: Visions Awareness Good life Attitudes Organisation of work Age Management Manager's duty Competence Work Ability & Productivity Age strategy Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
20 There has been arranged age leadership training for management (interview of management) % Private sector Municipal sector Governmental sector MWA Barometer 2001 / FIOH Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
21 EMPLOYABILITY SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES INSTITUTIONS EMPLOYABILITY WORK ABILITY - Human Resources - Work Conditions ECONOMIC WELL-BEING HUMAN WELL-BEING EMPLOYMENT POLICIES - Employment Policy - Education Policy - Exit Policy - Social protection Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
22 Society Family Work Ability Work Ability Relatives, friends Work Environment Content and Demands Community and Organisation Management and Leadership Values Attitudes Motivation Competence Knowledge Skills Health Functional Capacities Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
23 Work ability index (WAI) WAI WAI Class exellent good moderate poor 15 Carrot project 1998, N= Age, yrs Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
24 Health promotion (OHS) Physical exercise Healthy lifestyles Ergonomic and safe work places Decrease of physical work load Work-rest schedules PROMOTION OF WORK ABILITY 45+ Psychosocial work environment Age management Flexible working time schedules Updating skills and knowledge New technology, computer skills New work ability demands GOOD WORK ABILITY AND HEALTH PROFESSIONAL PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE GOOD PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WORK GOOD QUALITY OF LIFE AND WELL-BEING GOOD RETIREMENT ABILITY, MEANINGFUL, SUCCESSFUL, AND PRODUCTIVE '' THIRD AGE '' Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
25 Arbeitsfähigkeit nach Ilmarinen Arbeitsfähigkeit (ABI) gut 40 sehr gut Individuelle Gesundheitsförderung, Ergonomische Maßnahmen, verbessertes Führungsverhalten mäßig schlecht Alter (Jahre) Nur individuelle Gesundheitsförderung Keine Maßnahmen
26 Jorma Rantanen FIOH Economic appraisal Over 200 companies of various size from different branches Method: Tervus Economic Appraisal Benefit / Cost ratio variation between 3 and 20 Benefit: Reduction of absenteeism and work incapacity 50%, increase in productivity 50% Source: Bergström and Ahonen Singapore th International Congress on Occupational Health Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
27 Belief in ability to continue to work in the same job at 60 years of age among over -45-yearmen in 2000 in the European Union, listed according to prevalence of the belief from the highest to the lowest. Denmark Netherlands Sweden Germany United Kingdom Austria Ireland Italy Spain Finland Belgium Greece Luxemburg France Portugal EU15 countries % Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ / Kuva 114. xls 27
28 Belief in ability to continue to work in the same job at 60 years of age among in the European Union, listed according to prevalence over-45-year-old women in 2000 of the belief from the highest to the lowest. United Kingdom Denmark Netherlands Austria Luxemburg Sweden Germany Finland Italy Ireland Spain Greece France Belgium Portugal EU15 countries % Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ / Kuva 115.xls 28
29 Prevalence (%) of factors fulfilling the criteria for a good worklife and the mean rating of workplaces according to European region. Factor Nordic Middle Southern countries Europe Europe (n = 4 526) (n = ) (n = 6 130) Physical environment 42,9 49,7 50,6 Physical work load 23,8 29,8 25,4 Tight work schedules 18,6 27,1 34,9 Ability to regulate 42,4 37,9 40,0 Work skills 88,6 82,2 82,7 Social environment 81,8 71,7 49,9 Discussions lead to improvements 75,2 66,8 54,0 Age discrimination 96,7 96,6 98,3 Health, safety 80,3 72,1 60,7 Work promotes health 1,3 1,1 0,6 Working in the same job at 60 years of age 54,2 52,7 46,8 Job satisfaction 90,6 87,3 76,0 Mean (min 0, max 12) 6,96 (SD 1,85 1 ) 6,75 (SD 2,09 1 ) 6,20 (SD 2,16 1 ) 1 SD = standard deviation. Taulukko 89 Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
30 Milano 1. ICOH / Prof. Juhani Ilmarinen, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health/ MJ /
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