Targeting Social Exclusion (June 2001) Rebecca Tunstall, Joseph Murray, Ruth Lupton and Anne Power, CASE. This research summary by Michael Clegg.
|
|
- Julius Andrews
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Targeting Social Exclusion The New Opportunities Fund asked CASE, the Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion at the LSE, to write an up-to-date summary of thinking on the nature of social exclusion and deprivation, how these are measured, and the places where problems are concentrated.the Fund is interested in how to target its awards to benefit the most deprived individuals and communities, and to maximise their impact on social inclusion.we hope that the report can help create a shared frame of reference for ourselves, our partners, applicants and award holders. This Research Summary is an interpretation of the report by the Fund with examples from our own work. It has four sections. 1 Thinking about social exclusion and disadvantage. 2 Measuring social exclusion and deprivation. 3 What can area targeting achieve? 4 Where are deprived areas, and what do they look like? Simon McComb Targeting Social Exclusion (June 2001) Rebecca Tunstall, Joseph Murray, Ruth Lupton and Anne Power, CASE. This research summary by Michael Clegg.
2 SECTION 1 Thinking about social exclusion and disadvantage 2 The Social Exclusion Unit describes exclusion as: a shorthand term for what can happen when people or areas suffer from a combination of linked problems such as unemployment, poor skills, low incomes, poor housing, high crime environments, bad health and family breakdown. This approach points to features of exclusion for instance its many causes and the importance of outcomes rather than giving a precise definition.yet even without such a definition many people, from policy makers to citizens, have found that the cluster of ideas around social exclusion capture significant features of society. Social exclusion is related to deprivation and poverty, but can be distinguished from them While deprivation may be persistent and may affect people along many dimensions low income, poor housing and poor health, for example social exclusion puts these elements in the foreground. It is a process with consequences stretching into the future, even across generations. Further, this process is maintained by existing attitudes, from both individuals and institutions. For example, there is considerable anecdotal evidence of postcode discrimination in the job market. For members of minority communities discrimination may be the agent for exclusion. Poverty is central to most people s idea of exclusion, but it does not act alone. The extent to which low income results in exclusion will depend on its persistence, and on the extent to which opportunities and services are made available to all, regardless of their means. Isolation from wider society is a key to exclusion When community workers and their clients are asked about exclusion, replies focus on personal experiences, particularly on how things like poor transport and facilities can limit access to everyday activities and interaction. Writers and researchers, too, have emphasised this theme: exploring the level of resources needed to take part in common activities and to exercise citizenship, and the way institutions such as schools and clubs, and the shared experiences that they create, can promote inclusion and wellbeing. Individuals, groups and areas can be excluded While theories of social exclusion are mainly about individuals and their interactions with wider society, policy has been directed at areas, particularly neighbourhoods with concentrated needs. Attempts to identify and measure exclusion and deprivation have also focused on areas, reflecting the availability of data. Whether places themselves have an effect on those who live in them remains an open question. Certainly many excluded and deprived people live outside deprived areas. However, there is plenty of evidence that poor access to public services, such as schools and hospitals, as well as shops, banking and other private agencies, further limits the opportunities for residents of the poorest places. Measures of persistent and repeated poverty have identified up to 10 per cent of the population as excluded. Other estimates, not drawing on specific empirical research, range from 10 per cent to 40 per cent. New Opportunities Fund staff analysed application forms from our first three initiatives. We hoped to understand how our applicants use and understand terms such as social exclusion. Key findings were: Exclusion is associated with social and psychological issues (such as attitude and motivation) while disadvantage and deprivation are associated more with economic conditions. Overall applicants are quite uncertain in using exclusion. Healthy living centre applicants are more confident, probably because of extensive research and discussion of exclusion within the public health field. Exclusion is mostly seen as a way to describe social groups (such as young people or ethnic minorities,) not places. Applicants find it difficult to put together specific evidence about exclusion and local conditions in an area. On the application forms, questions about need were relatively successful in getting clear responses with supporting evidence.
3 SECTION 2 Measuring social exclusion and deprivation A variety of different indexes of poverty and deprivation have been developed in order to measure their extent, track changes over time, or to compare areas the last of these being particularly important in targeting funding initiatives. Well known examples include the Jarman index of local health needs and the Townsend index of material deprivation. Each index combines information on different indicators (such as levels of saving, empty homes, literacy, crime or illness) to give a broader picture. The choice of indicators will reflect the purpose of the index and the conception of deprivation or exclusion. Which index is looked at will have a significant impact on which areas are seen as disadvantaged. Figure 1 illustrates how different indexes treat the North East of England. Figure 1: Deprived wards in the North East as a % of deprived wards in England across four indexes Jarman Index Townsend Index 14% Breadline Britain Index 21% IMD % Few measures have considered social exclusion directly. David Gordon and colleagues have developed ideas from the Breadline Britain index, and test access to those goods and services seen as necessities by a majority of the population. Mohibur Rahman and his co-authors include income inequalities in their set of measures. However, none of these attempts to measure exclusion make comparisons between areas in the way necessary for targeting they are aimed at tracking the extent of exclusion and changes over time. On the other hand, recent measures of deprivation in areas have gone some way to incorporate ideas of social exclusion using a wider range of indicators, and including some that capture known impacts of persistent low income. For example, the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2000 (IMD 2000) includes a measure of poor educational results. The New Opportunities Fund has begun to use the IMD 2000 for targeting initiatives in England. It has a number of advantages: it is widely known and used, particularly by local and central government (where it is a key tool for the Neighbourhood Renewal Unit) it up to date and will be regularly updated it is available at district and ward levels, the later allowing more precise targeting (in England there are 8,414 wards, with populations from under 1,000 to 32,000, and 354 local authority districts) it can be separated into domains covering economic activity, health, etc it is based on a well thought out concept of multiple deprivation which overlaps to a large extent with the concept of social exclusion In comparison to other indices, the IMD 2000 finds greater deprivation in the West Midlands, East Midlands, Eastern and South West regions of England, as well as rural areas. Similar indices are available in Wales (the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation) and Northern Ireland (the Northern Ireland Multiple Deprivation Measure.) These have the same advantages though areas cannot be compared between countries. 3
4 SECTION 3 What can area targeting achieve? Areas are mixed, and targeting funding to poorer locations will inevitably benefit some residents who are not deprived (that is there will be a degree of inefficiency) while leaving out disadvantaged people living elsewhere (there will be a lack of completeness). Area targeting has been criticised for missing a majority of the disadvantaged, who, it is claimed, live outside the most deprived areas.there is also a trade-off in the way targeting is applied. Narrow targeting of the most deprived areas (for instance the most deprived 10 per cent of wards) will be relatively efficient, but will miss considerable numbers of the disadvantaged.a broader range of areas will capture more of the disadvantaged population, but also even more who are not disadvantaged. New evidence presented by CASE indicates that multiple deprivation is concentrated in areas and that using the IMD 2000 (in England) it is possible to achieve good levels of comprehensiveness, while still concentrating on the more deprived wards. For instance, if we take benefit claims as a measure of individual deprivation, then the 20 per cent most deprived wards, which contain 28 per cent of the English population, have 53 per cent of all Income Support/Job Seekers Allowance claimants. That is, a majority of the disadvantaged population (on this measure) are reached. In terms of the population of these wards, 19 per cent claim IS/JSA (against 10 per cent nationally) and 37 per cent of children live in IS/JSA households (against 21per cent nationally). The levels of efficiency and completeness achieved by different bandings of the IMD 2000, and the trade-off between the two, is shown in Figure 2. 4 Figure 2:The efficiency and completeness of IMD 2000 defined wards in England Proportion of national population in the areas 88 Neighbourhood Renewal Fund (NRF) areas 40% Top 20% wards 28% Top wards 14% Top 5% wards 7% JSA/IS claimants in area as % of national claimants 88 NRF areas 57% Top 20% wards 53% Top wards 31% Top 5% wards 18% JSA/IS claimants in area as a % of area population 88 NRF areas 15% Top 20% wards 1 Top wards 22% Top 5% wards 26%
5 Syd Shelton There is concern that existing indexes fail to pick up deprivation in the countryside. Indicators have been used that are invalid for measuring rural deprivation, such as car ownership. However the IMD 2000, and related indexes, have avoided this, as well as methodological problems associated with small populations.they also include a measure, geographic access to services, which gives weight to an aspect of deprivation important to countryside areas. Nonetheless, area targeting will not work as well for rural areas as urban ones it is both less efficient and less complete. For example, the 20 per cent most deprived wards on the IMD 2000 contain barely 20 per cent of IS/JSA claimants who live in rural areas, against 53 per cent nationally. Disadvantaged individuals in rural areas are less concentrated, making area targeting a less effective way to reach them. The New Opportunities Fund will take account of rural needs when targeting funding. For instance, in our five-a-day programme - promoting healthy eating in deprived areas - eligible Primary Care Trusts were selected using the IMD 2000, balanced by an additional group of Trusts which have both considerable disadvantage and a rural population.we know that the deficiencies of ward level statistics for targeting within rural areas means working with knowledgeable local partners. For instance, we are delivering Doorstep Greens through the Countryside Agency, and its network of regional advisers, and the Scottish Land Fund through Highland and Island Enterprise. These results show that area targeting is an effective means of reaching those suffering deprivation, but we need to be aware of its limits, and think of ways of dealing with these. Many deprived individuals do live outside deprived areas. In addition, area targeting may create discontinuities and resentments between neighbourhoods.there is also evidence of funding shadows, where nearby areas find it particularly difficult to get funds. Overall, there are good arguments for a flexible approach to targeting.there may also be advantages in targeting social groups in some funding streams, in particular groups whose members we know are at greater risk of exclusion, for instance the elderly, ethnic minorities, lone parent households, families with children, and those without citizenship. In all cases, once target wards or districts are identified, the next step must be to ensure that both funding and project activities are reaching the neighbourhoods most in need for which local knowledge is essential. If the aim is to prevent exclusion, not just to compensate the deprived, successful targeting must be complemented by initiatives aimed at the causes of exclusion, and which fund activities of proven effectiveness. The New Opportunities Fund is delivering a m initiative, New opportunities for PE and sport. All regions are eligible for funding, but additional funding is targeted on the most deprived areas. We are looking to our local partners for proposals to use the money in ways that will promote social inclusion; in particular by involving people in the development of facilities, finding and meeting local needs, and aiming to narrow the gap between school and community. 5
6 SECTION 4 Where are deprived areas,and what do they look like? Looking at several indexes from across the 1990s, CASE found that all identified a disproportionately large number of deprived wards in Scotland and, to a lesser extent,wales, when set against their populations. Evidence for Northern Ireland from the DSS social exclusion indicators (1999) points to extensive exclusion. Deprived areas are spread unevenly across the English regions, see Table 1. If we take the 20 per cent highest ranked wards on the IMD 2000, the North East has five per cent of the English population, but 15 per cent of deprived wards. However, we should remember that there are complexities to this picture. Some indicators of exclusion, such as pre-gsce educational achievement, change little between regions, while others, such as children in low income and workless households, vary much more. In addition, as noted in Figure1, indexes differ in the areas they identify as deprived and where these are. However, across indexes, London and the North (North East, North West and Yorkshire and Humberside) together contain a clear majority of England s deprived areas. Table 1: Regional location of deprived wards (20 per cent most deprived) and districts (ranked in top 50 on any district level summary of the IMD 2000). Baseline: proportion of English population (%) 14% 5% 14% 8% 15% 100% Distribution of deprived wards (%) 18% 15% 21% 5% 7% 6% 100% Distribution of deprived districts (%) 20% 17% 26% 11% 1% 2% 5% 100% London North East North West Yorkshire and Humberside West Midlands East Midlands Eastern South East South West England 6
7 Syd Shelton Looking at trends in where deprived areas are found, there is both continuity and change. The continuity comes in the ranking of which areas are deprived. Nine out of 10 of the most deprived 10 per cent of Scottish postcode sectors in 1991 where again in the bottom tenth of the 1998 Area Deprivation Index. In England the same authorities, in the same order, Liverpool, Newham, Manchester and Hackney, were in the worst four positions in the Index of Local Deprivation 1998 and its 1991 counterpart. Table 2 shows how deprived wards in England fit within different types of area (selecting from amongst the National Statistics area classification). Table 2: Numbers of deprived wards in different types of area Number of wards in England of this type Number of wards of this type amongst 20% most deprived Proportion falling in the 20% most deprived wards 64% 22% 18% Coalfields Coast and county resorts Established manufacturing fringe Change is in an increasing polarisation between better and worse off neighbourhoods, particularly within cities and towns. For example, in Sheffield between 1977 and 1997 differences in unemployment levels between wards grew from twofold to fivefold. Between 1981 and 1991 overall mortality rates (deaths per thousand of population) fell, but gains were greatest in more affluent areas, and for some age groups mortality rates rose in deprived areas. Evidence from the IMD 2000 suggests that deprived wards generally sit within deprived districts. Only 38 of the 422 wards in the most deprived five per cent are not in the 81 districts reaching the top 50 on one or more of the district level domains. Only four of these wards are in the less deprived half of districts: Stanhope in Ashford, Chelmsley Wood in Solihull and Clifford and Bucklow in Greater Manchester three of these are large council housing estates, one an area with a concentrated Asian population % 57% 74% Deprived wards have much higher levels of social housing than the average, often accounting for more than 50 per cent of households in the area. However, there are also significant areas of private renting, and low-income owner occupation, the latter sometimes associated with minority ethnic communities. Though most are predominantly white, deprived wards have a larger black and minority ethnic population than the mean. The 88 Neighbourhood Renewal Fund districts contain over 85 per cent of the total black and minority ethnic population of England. Targeting deprived areas thus also targets minority populations. 7% Established service centres Manufacturing centres Mixed urban Ports and industry Remoter rural There is currently much less information on smaller, neighbourhood areas, below the ward level (though this is changing with National Stastitics, new Neighbourhood Statistics Service). However, the English House Condition Survey (1998) identified at least 3,000 neighbourhoods of 100 or more homes with concentrated problems of run-down, vacant or derelict housing or vandalism and graffiti.this implies over 500,000 people living in such neighbourhoods. 7
8 Further information and references Rahman, M. et al, Monitoring poverty and social exclusion 2000, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Gordon, D., et al, Poverty and social exclusion in Britain, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, The full reporttargeting Social Exclusion by Rebecca Tunstall, Joseph Murray, Ruth Lupton and Anne Power; will be published in the CASE papers series and available on the CASE website ( from Jan For enquires about this work at the New Opportunities Fund, please send an headed Targeting Social Exclusion to Our Equal Opportunities Commitment The New Opportunities Fund is committed to promoting equality of opportunity for everyone. The Fund will aim to treat everyone equally and to ensure that no grant applicant, job applicant or employee receives less favourable treatment than another. It is the responsibility of all staff and Board Members to uphold and implement our equality policy. Environmental Statement The New Opportunities Fund is working to minimise its environmental impact and only uses paper from sustainable sources. This publication is also available in community languages. November
Monitoring poverty and social exclusion
Monitoring poverty and social exclusion The New Policy Institute has constructed the first set of indicators to present a wide view of poverty and social exclusion in Britain. Forty-six indicators show
More informationMONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION 2013
MONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION 213 The latest annual report from the New Policy Institute brings together the most recent data to present a comprehensive picture of poverty in the UK. Key points
More informationNeighbourhoods. The English Indices of Deprivation Bradford District. Neighbourhoods. Statistical Release. June 2011.
Neighbourhoods Statistical Release The English Indices of Deprivation 2010 Bradford District About this release This release provides an overview of the findings of the English Indices of Deprivation 2010
More informationINDICATORS OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN RURAL ENGLAND: 2009
INDICATORS OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN RURAL ENGLAND: 2009 A Report for the Commission for Rural Communities Guy Palmer The Poverty Site www.poverty.org.uk INDICATORS OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION
More informationClimate change & social justice: Introducing Climate Just
Climate change & social justice: Introducing Climate Just Katharine Knox Simon Industrial and Professional Fellow University of Manchester Edinburgh 17 April 2018 Overview Climate justice in the UK Introducing
More informationRESTRICTED: STATISTICS
Households Below Average Income 2008/09 Peter Matejic (DWP) HBAI Publication Private households in United Kingdom Main source DWP Family Resources Survey Measurement of living standards as determined by
More informationThey re Businesses, but Not as we Know Them Identifying Social Enterprises across the UK
They re Businesses, but Not as we Know Them Identifying Social Enterprises across the UK Jan Shury Director IFF Research Ltd JanS@IFFResearch.com October 2005 What is Social Enterprise? Who are Social
More informationLocal Child Poverty Measurement Frequently Asked Questions
Local Child Poverty Measurement Frequently Asked Questions Measurement of child poverty... 2 1. How does the Government measure child poverty at a national level?... 2 2. How is local child poverty measured?...
More informationMonitoring poverty and social exclusion 2009
Monitoring poverty and social exclusion 29 December 29 Findings Informing change The New Policy Institute has produced its twelfth annual report of indicators of poverty and social exclusion in the United
More informationUnderstanding household income poverty at small area level
Understanding household income poverty at small area level Robert Fry, Office for National Statistics Abstract A new ONS data release provides experimental estimates of the proportion of households in
More informationStockport (Local Authority)
Population Brinnington & Central (Ward) All Usual Residents (Count) 14999 Area (Hectares) (Count) 527 Females (Count) 7316 Females (Percentage) 48.8 Males (Count) 7683 Males (Percentage) 51.2 Dataset:
More informationAge UK Waltham Forest Profile: Deprivation in Waltham Forest 08/01/2013
Age UK Waltham Forest Profile: Deprivation in Waltham Forest 08/01/2013 Population Waltham Forest (WF) has a population of some 258,249 1 persons living in 96,861 households. There are 57,000 people aged
More informationThe number of unemployed people
Economic & Labour Market Review Vol 3 No February 9 FEATURE Debra Leaker Trends since the 197s SUMMARY occurs when an individual is available and seeking work but is without work. There are various causes
More informationQuantification of the economic impact of plain packaging for tobacco products in the UK
i Quantification of the economic impact of plain packaging for tobacco products in the UK Addendum to the report for Philip Morris Ltd. August 2013 Centre for Economics and Business Research Ltd. Unit
More informationPoverty and Social Exclusion in the UK. Main PSE UK Survey Sampling Frame
UK Data Archive Study Number 7879 - Poverty and Social Exclusion Living Standards Survey, 2012 Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK Working Paper Methods Series No. 21 Main PSE UK Survey Sampling Frame
More informationHealth Inequalities: Where do our deprived people live in Dumfries & Galloway?
Health Inequalities: Where do our deprived people live in Dumfries & Galloway? What is meant by deprivation? Deprivation is a concept that overlaps with, but is not synonymous with, poverty. A definition
More informationWard profile information packs: Wootton Bridge
% of Island population % of Island population Ward profile information packs: The information within this pack is designed to offer key data and information about this ward in a variety of subjects. It
More informationDECEMBER 2006 INFORMING CHANGE. Monitoring poverty and social exclusion in Scotland 2006
DECEMBER 2006 findings INFORMING CHANGE Monitoring poverty and social exclusion in Scotland 2006 The New Policy Institute has produced its 2006 edition of indicators of poverty and social exclusion in
More informationChild Poverty: Emerging Issues Paper
Introduction This paper aims to provide a detailed understanding of any emerging issues and data updates linked to child poverty in Warwickshire. The original Child Poverty Needs Assessment produced by
More informationIndices of Deprivation
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL POLICY AND INTERVENTION Indices of Deprivation Mapping the spatial distribution of multiple deprivation at small area level and their uses for targeting area-based regeneration policies
More informationMONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN SCOTLAND 2015
MONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN SCOTLAND 2015 This study is the seventh in a series of reports monitoring poverty and social exclusion in Scotland since 2002. The analysis combines evidence
More informationStockport (Local Authority)
Population Bramhall North (Ward) All Usual Residents (Count) 13033 Area (Hectares) (Count) 648 Females (Count) 6716 Females (Percentage) 51.5 Males (Count) 6317 Males (Percentage) 48.5 Dataset: KS101 Usual
More informationEnglish Indices of Deprivation 2015 Bradford District in focus
Understanding Bradford District 1. Background English Indices of Deprivation 2015 Bradford District in focus 15 th October 2015 This briefing provides an overview of the findings of the English Indices
More informationMONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION 2015
MONITORING POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION 2015 This annual review by the New Policy Institute brings together indicators covering poverty, work, education and housing. It looks at changes over the last parliament
More informationThe Impacts of Welfare Reform
The impact of welfare reform across Britain The Impacts of Welfare Reform Steve Fothergill Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research Sheffield Hallam University Publications Hitting the Poorest
More informationMichelle Jones, Stephanie Tipping
Economy READER INFORMATION Need Identified Lead Author Date completed Director approved Economy Michelle Jones, Stephanie Tipping To be signed off To be signed off Key needs Economic inactivity The employment
More informationThe Coalition s Record on Housing: Policy, Spending and Outcomes
Summary Working Paper 18 January 2015 The Coalition s Record on Housing: Policy, Spending and Outcomes 2010-2015 Rebecca Tunstall Coalition Ministers were highly critical of the state of UK housing when
More informationAge, Demographics and Employment
Key Facts Age, Demographics and Employment This document summarises key facts about demographic change, age, employment, training, retirement, pensions and savings. 1 Demographic change The population
More informationWard profile information packs: East Cowes
% of Island population % of Island population Ward profile information packs: The information within this pack is designed to offer key data and information about this ward in a variety of subjects. It
More informationPoverty and Inequality Commission Priorities and Work Plan
Poverty and Inequality Commission Priorities and Work Plan BACKGROUND The Poverty and Inequality Commission was set up to: provide advice to Scottish Government monitor progress in tackling poverty and
More informationWard profile information packs: Ventnor West
% of Island population % of Island population Ward profile information packs: The information within this pack is designed to offer key data and information about this ward in a variety of subjects. It
More informationThe return of the long hours culture. After a decade of progress long hours are creeping back
The return of the long hours culture After a decade of progress long hours are creeping back 1: Why is the long hours culture creeping back After a decade of progress, during which the number of employees
More informationHealthy life expectancy: key points (new data this update)
NOTE: This is an Archive Report of the Healthy Life Expectancy web pages on the ScotPHO website, as at 16 December 2014 Links within this report have been disabled to avoid users accessing out-of-date
More informationSTRATHMARTINE. Census Profile. Local Community Planning Partnership. dundee. Working together to make Dundee a better place
dundee STRATHMARTINE Census Profile Local Community Planning Partnership Ardler Baldragon Caird Park Camperdown Country Park Clatto Downfield & The Dales Dunsinane North Kirkton & Trottick Sherbrook St
More informationDigest of key findings from the Third Sector Trends study in East Yorkshire and the City of Kingston upon Hull
Digest of key findings from the Third Sector Trends study in East Yorkshire and the City of Kingston upon Hull Tony Chapman St Chad s College Durham University November 2017 Third Sector Trends Study The
More informationThe Impacts of Welfare Reform
The local and regional impact of welfare reform The Impacts of Welfare Reform Steve Fothergill Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research Sheffield Hallam University Publications Hitting the Poorest
More informationDISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX
DISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX Q1 2018 A commissioned report for Scottish Friendly CREDIT CARD 1234 5678 9876 5432 JOHN SMITH Executive summary The Scottish Friendly Disposable Income Index uses new survey data
More informationIncomes and inequality: the last decade and the next parliament
Incomes and inequality: the last decade and the next parliament IFS Briefing Note BN202 Andrew Hood and Tom Waters Incomes and inequality: the last decade and the next parliament Andrew Hood and Tom Waters
More informationPoverty. Chris Belfield, IFS 15 th July Institute for Fiscal Studies
Poverty Chris Belfield, IFS 15 th July 2014 Outline Income based measures how has poverty changed since the recession and why? which groups have been affected by recent changes? Non-income based measures
More informationActive Communities: Headline Findings from the 2003 Home Office Citizenship Survey. Tony Munton and Andrew Zurawan
Active Communities: Headline Findings from the 2003 Home Office Citizenship Survey Tony Munton and Andrew Zurawan Active Communities: Headline Findings from the 2003 Home Office Citizenship Survey Tony
More informationLocal Economic Assessment for Norfolk. September 2013 Update
Local Economic Assessment for Norfolk September 2013 Update 0 Contents Structure of the Local Economy...2 Business Sectors... 2 Size of Enterprises... 5 Economic Competitiveness...6 Gross Value Added (GVA)...
More informationDigest of key findings from the Third Sector Trends study in Bradford 2016
Digest of key findings from the Third Sector Trends study in Bradford 2016 Tony Chapman St Chad s College Durham University July 2016 1 Front and back cover photos: Victoria Bell Third Sector Trends Study
More informationDISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX
FOR SALE SOLD A B C D E F G H I DISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX Q1 2017 A commissioned report for Scottish Friendly Executive summary The Scottish Friendly Disposable Income Index uses new survey data to provide
More informationAnnual Funding Survey Findings. Arts Council of Northern Ireland
2017-18 Annual Funding Survey Findings Arts Council of Northern Ireland Strategic Development February 2019 Contents 1 About the survey... 3 1.1 Data verification... 3 1.2 Comparisons with previous years
More informationPoverty. David Phillips, p, IFS May 21 st, Institute for Fiscal Studies
Poverty David Phillips, p, IFS May 21 st, 2010 Poverty: the story under Labour After poverty rose between 2004/5 and 2007/8 200,000000 for each of pensioners and children 200,000 for working age adults
More informationFor review, comment and to spark conversations.version as at 01 September 2016
2.6 Local economy 2.6.1 Markets and sectors This section looks at some of Newcastle s economic strengths together with some of the risks facing the local economy. Note: Gross Value Added (GVA) is the standard
More informationResponse of the Equality and Human Rights Commission to Consultation:
Response of the Equality and Human Rights Commission to Consultation: Consultation details Title: Source of consultation: The Impact of Economic Reform Policies on Women s Human Rights. To inform the next
More informationJune Deadline Analysis: Overview
June Deadline Analysis: Overview Applicants at the 30 June deadline I.1 Applicants by domicile group Difference between cycle and 2017 cycle England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales EU (excluding UK) Not
More informationMarch Deadline Analysis: Overview
March Deadline Analysis: Overview Applicants at the 24 March deadline F.1 Applicants by domicile group Difference between cycle and 2017 cycle England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales EU (excluding UK)
More informationWider determinants of health
3 Wider determinants of health A variety of factors, both social and environmental, impact on an individual s health. This chapter considers how these wider determinants of health are at work in Southwark.
More informationIntelligence Briefing English Indices of Deprivation 2010 A London perspective. June 2011
Intelligence Briefing 2011-06 June 2011 English Indices of Deprivation 2010 A London perspective For more information please contact: Rachel Leeser Intelligence Unit Greater London Authority City Hall
More informationReport of the National Equality Panel: Executive summary
Report of the National Equality Panel: Executive summary January 2010 The independent National Equality Panel was set up to examine how inequalities in people s economic outcomes such as earnings, incomes
More informationMonitoring poverty and social exclusion in Scotland (2002)
Monitoring poverty and social exclusion in Scotland (22) Using the latest available data, a report by the New Policy Institute contains an independent selection of indicators, maps and commentary that
More informationMonitoring poverty and social exclusion 2000
Monitoring poverty and social exclusion 2 Mohibur Rahman, Guy Palmer, Peter Kenway, and Catherine Howarth December 2 JR J O S E P H R O W N T R E E F O U N D AT I O N Acknowledgements Our first thanks
More informationScottish Indices of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD)
Scottish Indices of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) The dataset for the Lothian NHS Board Public Health Annual Report 2004 uses the Scottish Indices of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD). These indices are the most
More informationNuneaton & Bedworth Local Economic Assessment Summary. October 2011
Nuneaton & Bedworth Local Economic Assessment Summary October 2011 Disclaimer This report has been prepared by the Warwickshire Observatory and Warwickshire County Council, with all reasonable skill, care,
More informationTRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP Statistical Bulletin
TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP 2016 Statistical Bulletin May 2017 Contents Introduction 3 Key findings 5 1. Long Term and Recent Trends 6 2. Private and Public Sectors 13 3. Personal and job characteristics 16
More informationTackling Poverty and Deprivation in Dundee. Peter Allan & Derek Miller Building Stronger Communities Group 23 June 2011
Tackling Poverty and Deprivation in Dundee Peter Allan & Derek Miller Building Stronger Communities Group 23 June 2011 Why is Poverty a Priority in Dundee? Building a successful City Huge scale and impact
More informationDevolution s impact on low-income people and places
Devolution s impact on low-income people and places January 2010 Round-up Reviewing the evidence What is the impact of devolution for people and places in poverty? For the tenth anniversary of devolution,
More informationNorth Warwickshire Local Economic Assessment Summary. October 2011
North Warwickshire Local Economic Assessment Summary October 2011 Disclaimer This report has been prepared by the Warwickshire Observatory and Warwickshire County Council, with all reasonable skill, care,
More informationTHINGOE SOUTH ELECTORAL DIVISION PROFILE
THINGOE SOUTH ELECTORAL DIVISION PROFILE 2017 This Division comprises Barrow, Chedburgh, Horringer and Whelnetham and Rougham wards www.suffolkobservatory.info Crown copyright and database rights 2017
More informationWomen s pay and employment update: a public/private sector comparison
Women s pay and employment update: a public/private sector comparison Report for Women s Conference 01 Women s pay and employment update: a public/private sector comparison Women s employment has been
More informationPoverty, inequality and policy since 1997
Poverty, inequality and policy since 1997 February 2009 Findings Informing change This study examines what has happened to different aspects of inequality in Britain, and how this relates to policies adopted
More informationPoverty and Income Inequality in Scotland: 2013/14 A National Statistics publication for Scotland
Poverty and Income Inequality in Scotland: 2013/14 A National Statistics publication for Scotland EQUALITY, POVERTY AND SOCIAL SECURITY This publication presents annual estimates of the percentage and
More informationExecutive Summary: A review of the evidence base on older people in Northern Ireland. Age NI
Executive Summary: A review of the evidence base on older people in Northern Ireland Age NI Dr Jay Wiggan and Dr Pauline Prior School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work Queen s University Belfast
More informationJune Deadline Analysis: Ethnic group
June Deadline Analysis: Ethnic group Applicants by ethnic group and age at the 30 June deadline I.10.1 Applicants by ethnic group: UK White 20% 10% Change between cycle and 2017 cycle -0% -10% -20% -30%
More informationhousing Assessment of the impact of Warm Front on decent homes for private sector vulnerable households Housing Research Summary Introduction
Assessment of the impact of Warm Front on decent homes for private sector vulnerable households Introduction In 2002 the Government set a target to increase the proportion of vulnerable private sector
More informationCHILD POVERTY (SCOTLAND) BILL
CHILD POVERTY (SCOTLAND) BILL POLICY MEMORANDUM INTRODUCTION 1. As required under Rule 9.3.3 of the Parliament s Standing Orders, this Policy Memorandum is published to accompany the Child Poverty (Scotland)
More informationMitigating the impact of welfare reform on health and NHS services, service users and employees.
Mitigating the impact of welfare reform on health and NHS services, service users and employees. Outcome Focused Plan March 2018 Published by NHS Health Scotland on behalf of The Scottish Government s
More informationJohn Hills The distribution of welfare. Book section (Accepted version)
John Hills The distribution of welfare Book section (Accepted version) Original citation: Originally published in: Alcock, Pete, Haux, Tina, May, Margaret and Wright, Sharon, (eds.) The Student s Companion
More informationBBPA Local impact of the beer and pub sector 2010/11
Local impact of the beer and pub sector 2010/11 A report for the British Beer and Pub Association () Contents Executive summary... 1 The beer and pub sector provides significant benefits to the UK economy......
More informationHappy City Index 2016 Report
Happy City Index 2016 Report Produced in 2016 by Sam Wren Lewis with support from Saamah Abdallah and the Happy City Measurement & Policy Team Special thanks to Cara Marie O Keeffe and Zoe Travers 1 Contents
More informationEmployment status and sight loss
Employment status and sight loss February 2017 Authors: John Slade, Emma Edwards, Andy White RNIB RNIB Registered charity numbers 226227, SC039316 Contents 1. Key messages... 3 2. Introduction... 4 3.
More informationThe distribution of wealth in the population aged 50 and over in England. James Banks and Gemma Tetlow Institute for Fiscal Studies June 2009
The distribution of wealth in the population aged 50 and over in England Overview James Banks and Gemma Tetlow Institute for Fiscal Studies June 2009 In 2002 the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)
More informationStratford-on-Avon Local Economic Assessment Summary. October 2011
Stratford-on-Avon Local Economic Assessment Summary October 2011 Disclaimer This report has been prepared by the Warwickshire Observatory and Warwickshire County Council, with all reasonable skill, care,
More informationLiving standards, poverty and inequality in the UK: to Andrew Hood Tom Waters
Living standards, poverty and inequality in the UK: 2017 18 to 2021 22 Andrew Hood Tom Waters Living standards, poverty and inequality in the UK: 2017 18 to 2021 22 Andrew Hood Tom Waters Copy-edited by
More informationBOROUGH OF POOLE COMMUNITIES OVERVIEW AND SCRUTINY 17 MARCH 2015 POVERTY IN POOLE
AGENDA ITEM 5 BOROUGH OF POOLE COMMUNITIES OVERVIEW AND SCRUTINY 17 MARCH 2015 POVERTY IN POOLE PART OF THE PUBLISHED FORWARD PLAN YES STATUS (Strategic) 1. PURPOSE 1.1 To summarise learning and draw conclusions
More informationPatterns of Pay: results of the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings
Patterns of Pay: results of the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings 1997-2007 By Hywel Daniels, Employment, Earnings and Innovation Division, Office for National Statistics Key points In April 2007 median
More informationGCE AS/A Level 2520U20-1 NEW AS. ECONOMICS Unit 2 Economics in Action. A.M. MONDAY, 23 May hours PMT
GCE AS/A Level 2520U20-1 NEW AS S16-2520U20-1 ECONOMICS Unit 2 Economics in Action A.M. MONDAY, 23 May 2016 2 hours 2520U201 01 ADDITIONAL MATERIALS In addition to this examination paper, you will need:
More informationEquality and Human Rights Commission Response to the Consultation on Free Bus Travel for Older and Disabled People and Modern Apprentices
Equality and Human Rights Commission Response to the Consultation on Free Bus Travel for Older and Disabled People and Modern Apprentices Creating a fairer Britain Equality and Human Rights Commission
More informationChanges to work and income around state pension age
Changes to work and income around state pension age Analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Authors: Jenny Chanfreau, Matt Barnes and Carl Cullinane Date: December 2013 Prepared for: Age UK
More informationFOCUSONLONDON 2011 POVERTY:THEHIDDENCITY
FOCUSONLONDON 2011 POVERTY:THEHIDDENCITY GLA Intelligence Unit City Hall Queen s Walk More London SE1 2AA Author: Rachel Leeser POVERTY:THEHIDDENCITY intelligence@london.gov.uk 020 7983 4658 Follow us
More informationDeprivation in Rochdale Borough Indices of Deprivation 2004 (Revised)
Deprivation in Rochdale Borough Indices of Deprivation 2004 (Revised) Summary New Indices of Deprivation (ID 2004) were published on 28 April 2004, based on data from 2001. These were subsequently revised
More informationMarmot Indicators 2015 A preliminary summary with graphs
Marmot Indicators 2015 A preliminary summary with graphs Marmot Indicators 2015 Fair Society, Healthy Lives, The Marmot Review was published in 2010 i. The review set out the key areas that needed to be
More informationPoverty and income inequality in Scotland:
A National Statistics Publication for Scotland Poverty and income inequality in Scotland: 2008-09 20 May 2010 This publication presents annual estimates of the proportion and number of children, working
More informationDifferentials in pension prospects for minority ethnic groups in the UK
Differentials in pension prospects for minority ethnic groups in the UK Vlachantoni, A., Evandrou, M., Falkingham, J. and Feng, Z. Centre for Research on Ageing and ESRC Centre for Population Change Faculty
More informationThe Gazetteer for Scotland, Used with permission from The Gazetteer for Scotland at
The Gazetteer for Scotland, 1995-2007 Used with permission from The Gazetteer for Scotland at http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/scotgaz/ A Profile of Moray Moray is the 8 th largest Council area in Scotland, covering
More informationHealth Inequalities the Northern Ireland context. Dr Michael McBride Chief Medical Officer DHSSPS
Health Inequalities the Northern Ireland context Dr Michael McBride Chief Medical Officer DHSSPS That Poverty is associated with ill health must always have been obvious, except to those who did not care
More informationIndices of Multiple Deprivation: 2000, 2004 and 2007
Indices of Multiple Deprivation: 2000, 2004 and 2007 Background This report gives an overview of the Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), including what is measured to calculate the IMD, what it shows
More informationEconomic standard of living
Home Previous Reports Links Downloads Contacts The Social Report 2002 te purongo oranga tangata 2002 Introduction Health Knowledge and Skills Safety and Security Paid Work Human Rights Culture and Identity
More informationDISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX
DISPOSABLE INCOME INDEX Q4 2017 A commissioned report for Scottish Friendly CREDIT CARD 1234 5678 9876 5432 JOHN SMITH Executive summary The Scottish Friendly Disposable Income Index uses new survey data
More informationSubmission. Managing borrowing and dealing with debt. Neighbourhoods. Tel: Date: December 2010
Submission Managing borrowing and dealing with debt Contact: Team : Lizzie Clifford Neighbourhoods Tel: 020 7067 1074 Email: lizzie.clifford@housing.org.uk Date: December 2010 Reference: NS.FI.2010.SB.03
More informationThe cumulative impact of tax and welfare reforms
The cumulative impact of tax and welfare reforms Jonathan Portes, Aubergine Analysis and King s College London Howard Reed, Landman Economics 2018 Equality and Human Rights Commission First published March
More informationOverview of the impact of Spending Review 2010 on equalities
Overview of the impact of Spending Review 2010 on equalities October 2010 Overview of the impact of Spending Review 2010 on equalities October 2010 Official versions of this document are printed on 100%
More informationDundee City Poverty Profile
Dundee City Poverty Profile 2013 Produced by: Tony Jenkins Senior Planning Officer (Information & Research) Information & Research Team Chief Executive Department Dundee City Council email: anthony.jenkins@dundeecity.gov.uk
More informationTHE DEMAND FOR SOCIAL RENTED HOUSING A REVIEW OF DATA SOURCES AND SUPPORTING CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
THE DEMAND FOR SOCIAL RENTED HOUSING A REVIEW OF DATA SOURCES AND SUPPORTING CASE STUDY ANALYSIS March 2006 Sarah Monk Alan Holmans Michael Jones Diane Lister Christina Short Christine Whitehead Cambridge
More informationLocal Insight profile for Brighton & Hove GP Cluster 4 area
1 Local Insight profile for Brighton & Hove GP Cluster 4 area Report created 11 September 2017 Practices in Cluster 4 Hove Medical Centre Links Road Surgery Mile Oak Medical Centre Portslade Health Centre
More information1. Introduction A note on measures... 2 Poverty measures... 2 Geographical comparisons The historical background...
Contents 1. Introduction... 1 2. A note on measures... 2 Poverty measures... 2 Geographical comparisons... 2 3. The historical background... 3 4. Longer term trends in incomes and living standards... 3
More informationDeprivation in East Sussex Indices of Deprivation 2007
Deprivation in East Sussex Indices of Deprivation 2007 The new Indices of Deprivation 2007 (ID 2007) have recently been released by the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG). They update
More informationHOW MUCH WOULD IT COST TO REDUCE CHILD POVERTY IN SCOTLAND?
Institute for Public Policy Research HOW MUCH WOULD IT COST TO REDUCE CHILD POVERTY IN SCOTLAND? THE FINANCIAL SCALE OF CHILD POVERTY IN SCOTLAND Russell Gunson, Darren Baxter and Alfie Stirling February
More information