Table of Contents. Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 Semi-Annual Progress Report June 2016

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2 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 Table of Contents Glossary of terms and abbreviations... ii 1. Introduction Support in the provinces Provincial level... 2 a. Regional training events for Pokjas... 2 b. Provincial coordination meetings / LK-MPS... 2 c. Training for Provincial Facilitators in non-usdp provinces... 3 d. Strategic plans for advocacy and communication Local level... 4 a. Pilots in Karanganyar and Bitung... 5 b. Expansion of activities to other cities and regencies... 7 c. RAL studies... 8 (i) Solid waste management (WASH2gether)... 8 (ii) Developing a rapid assessment tool for urban waste flows and practices... 9 (iii) IPP-STBM with a view to learning lessons for replication in urban areas d. Promotion of Nawasis as Decision Support System Support at central level a. Nawasis (i) Development of investment infrastructure modules (ii) Website integration b. Presidential regulation on water supply and sanitation c. Advocacy and communication (i) Roadmap STBM (ii) Collaboration AKKOPSI-MOH (iii) Funding of sanitation development Planning for remainder of a. Extension of local support to 2-3 local governments per province b. Implementation of action plans for advocacy and communication c. Nawasis promotion and training in selected cities d. Improvement of Nawasis modules and support to Sanipura Award (i) Support to investment coordination (ii) Sanipura Award Staffing a. Replacement of Team Leader b. Resignation of Co-Team Leader c. Additional expertise for Nawasis d. Recruitment of Prosdas for South-East Sulawesi and South Sulawesi e. Support staff Colophon APPENDIX: Detailed progress through i

3 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 Glossary of terms and abbreviations 3R AHL AKKOPSI AMPL APBDes Bankeu Bansos Bantek Bappeda Bappelitbang Bappenas BLH CF DAK DED DFAT Dinas DSS EHRA EKN e-musrenbang FSM GOI HH INDII IPLT IPP -STBM ITF Kab/Kota Kabupaten Kodim Konreg Kota LK-MPS LLTT M&E MBR MCK MOH MOHA MPS MUI Musrenbangcam Musrenbangdes Musrenbangkel Musrenbangwil Nawasis NGO NUSP P2MKM Reduce, Re-use, Recycle Advocacy and Horizontal Learning Alliance of Cities and Regencies for Sanitation Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Village budget Financial Assistance (provincial grant to lower level of government) Social Assistance (provincial grant to Community Based Organization) Technical Assistance (central and provincial support to local government) Local government development planning agency Local government agency for research & development National planning agency Environmental Management Board City Facilitator Specific Budget Allocation (from Central to local government) Detailed engineering design Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Executive agency at provincial or local level Decision support System Environmental Health Risk Assessment Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Electronic coordination of development planning Fecal Sludge Management Government of Indonesia Household Indonesia Infrastructure Initiative (Australian technical assistance) Septic Sludge Treatment Facility Implementation of PPSP through strengthening pillars of STBM (STBM for urban areas) Intermediate Treatment Facility Regency/City Regency District Military Command Regional planning coordination meeting of PUP City / Town Provincial-level coordination of local sanitation development memoranda Scheduled Sludge Collection Service Monitoring and Evaluation Membrane Bioreactor Community bathhouse cum washing station cum toilet Ministry of Health Ministry of Home Affairs Sanitation Program Memorandum Indonesian Ulema Council Sub-district level coordination of development planning Village-level coordination of development planning Urban-neighborhood level coordination of development planning Jurisdictional coordination of development planning National water and sanitation information system Non-Government Organization Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Project (Asian Development Bank) Housing Development Program for Underprivileged Communities ii

4 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 PD-PAL Perbup Perda Pergub Perpres PF PHBS PIU-AE PIU-KP PIU-T PKK PMM Pokja PPLP PPSP Promkes Prosda PSR PU-CK PUP Puskesmas QA RAD RAL Randal Ranperda RAS Renja Renstra RKPD RPI2JM RPJMD RTLH S3 saiig Sanimas Satker SE SKKT SKPD SR SSK STBM SWM TOT TPA TPS TPST UA UPTD USDP WWM WWTP Local government Wastewater Management Company Regental Regulation Local Government Regulation (By-Law) Gubernatorial Regulation Presidential Regulation Provincial Facilitator Clean and Healthy Behavior Program Implementation Unit for Advocacy Aspect Program Implementation Unit for Financial and Institutional Aspect Program Implementation Unit for Technical Aspect Family Empowerment and Welfare Program Management Manual Inter-Agency Working Group Development of Environmental Sanitation in Human Settlements Accelerated Sanitation Development Program Health promotion Provincial sanitation development adviser Provincial Sanitation Roadmap Human Settlements division of Public Works Agency Ministry of Public Works and Housing Community Health Center Quality Assurance Local Government Action Plan Rapid Action Learning Planning and Control Draft By-Law Sanitation Action Plan Work Plan Strategic Plan Local Government Annual Work Plan Medium Term Infrastructure Investment Plan Local Government Medium Term Development Plan Uninhabitable house Sustainable Sanitation Service Australia-Indonesia Infrastructure Grants for Sanitation Community-based Sanitation Working Unit of Ministerial office at provincial level Circular letter Integrated Activity Codification System Local Government Organization House Connection Local Government Sanitation Strategy Community-led total sanitation Solid waste management Training of Trainers Final solid waste disposal facility Intermediate solid waste disposal station Integrated Solid Waste Management Facility Universal Access Technical Implementation Unit of provincial or local Dinas Urban Sanitation Development Program Waste water management Waste water treatment plant iii

5 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 1. Introduction This report marks the completion of the first six months of activities on the ground at local government level. Where the two Task Groups spent the beginning of the project familiarizing themselves with the practicalities of sustainable sanitation services, mapping local needs, and establishing contacts, the first activities in piloting the approaches at local level began in earnest in the early part of This phase has now come to fruition and from July onwards the Task Groups will engage more and more cities and regencies in both acceleration of implementation and sustainable developing services, expecting to reach active facilitation in approx. 30 local governments by the end of this year. Sadly, this report also marks the moment of the sudden passing away on June 24th of Ir. Nugroho Tri Utomo, Director of Settlements and Housing at the Ministry of National Development Planning/ Bappenas. Pak Nug, as he was known, will always be remembered as the motor behind PPSP. Over the past ten years, the USDP team many of whom also worked on the earlier project ISSDP have enjoyed the privilege of his guidance and friendship. His contribution to the cause of sanitation development in Indonesia will not easily be forgotten. The present report contains a brief narrative of major developments in the past six months. In keeping with the local focus of USDP-2, the discourse begins with the eight provinces that have been the focus of USDP-2, where the Task Groups have worked both with provincial Pokjas and with individual local governments. This is followed by a presentation of USDP support provided at national level to the PMU and the PIUs as they continue the nationwide implementation of PPSP as a whole. Next comes a brief section on the Consultant s plans for the remainder of 2016 (which remain largely on track with the Annual Work Plan presented in January). A presentation of staffing changes completes the narrative part of the report. A detailed description of progress in the different project activities to date is provided in the Appendix to this report. 1

6 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 2. Support in the provinces 2.1 Provincial level a. Regional training events for Pokjas Project staff have participated in a number of training events for facilitators and Pokja members, which were open to participants from other provinces as well to ensure that training of would not only benefit USDP provinces: Training of Trainers for national trainers (staff of PMU/PIUs) and senior PPSP facilitators with experience in facilitating at provincial and local level. The TOT was organized by PIU-T and covered SSK substance as well as facilitation techniques. Participation in four regional training events organized by PIU-T for provincial and local Pokjas in Batam (Region I), Surakarta (Region II), Denpasar (Region III) and Manado (Region IV). A total of 398 participants were trained, including 68 Pokja members from 34 provinces and 330 Pokja members from 165 cities and regencies. Of these 165 local governments, 129 are updating their SSK, 21 are preparing the Sanitation Program Memorandum (MPS), and 15 are preparing new SSK documents. Training of provincial Pokjas involved capacity building for quality assurance of SSK documents prepared by cities and regencies in their jurisdiction. The focus of the training for local Pokjas focused on enhancing their capacity for preparing sanitation planning documents (SSK) and related development plans for sanitation program/activities to achieve Universal Access to sanitation services. Besides capacity building for guiding the PPSP planning process, the training also presented information on budgetary policies and associated funding criteria applied by the relevant ministries (primarily PUP) for sanitation infrastructure projects. b. Provincial coordination meetings / LK-MPS Provincial Pokjas generally conduct meetings at least once a month involving representatives from all their participating members. Project staff have participated in these meetings, which each had very different agendas, in the eight provinces currently supported by USDP. Through, USDP staff also participated in coordination meetings with common agendas such as: a. Preparation for PPSP Kick off meeting 2016 b. Implementation of PPSP Kick off meeting 2016 c. Preparation of 2016 PPSP work plans of provincial Pokjas d. Provincial Musrenbang e. Preparation of national Musrenbang f. Pre-Konreg/Konreg workshop and Technical Meeting of RPI2JM g. Preparation of EHRA Training USDP also supported a number of provinces in coordination meetings with specific agendas: 2

7 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 a. Aceh Finalization of the Provincial Sanitation Roadmap; coordination meeting of infrastructure section of Dinas Cipta Karya; b. South Sumatra provincial financial aid for sanitation development; training for e- Musrenbang; c. West Java Preparation of the provincial sanitation infrastructure profile; discussion on DAK and Provincial Financial Aid in 2016; monitoring and evaluation of Provincial Financial Aid; d. Central Java Discussion on USDP support for acceleration of sanitation development and introduction of sustainable sanitation services; Provincial Financial Aid for sanitation development; e. South Kalimantan Randal Satker coordination with Directorate General Cipta Karya; discussion on USDP support for acceleration of sanitation development and introduction of sustainable sanitation services with the Dinas of Public Works f. NTB Institutional discussion on Kebon Kongok Regional Landfill; provincial pre- Musrenbang; Social Assistance (Bansos) of provincial government; discussion of the 2016 provincial budgeting schedule; g. North Sulawesi Issuance of Circular Letter (SE) from Pokja Chairman to Mayors/Regents to accelerate the implementation of SSK; preparation and review of Provincial Sanitation Roadmap and Regional Water Supply and Sanitation Work Plan. c. Training for Provincial Facilitators in non-usdp provinces After more than five years of USDP support, PMU/PIUs are now fully responsible for capacity building and training for regular PPSP implementation (i.e. outside the specific scope of local level activities by USDP). However, to ensure coherent implementation of PPSP nationwide, USDP continues to provide support in terms of subject matter material and training capacity. This involved support to three batches of capacity building for PFs and CFs organized by PUP, all held in Jakarta during March Training involved 97 provincial facilitators, including 62 regular PFs and 35 PF implementation, and 165 city facilitators comprising 129 CFs for updating SSK, 21 CFs for Sanitation Program Memorandum (MPS), and 15 CFs for new SSK preparation. The focus of the CF training is still on assisting local Pokjas on preparing the regular PPSP plan documents (SSK, etc.), but now with a particular emphasis on achieving Universal Access to sanitation services. The training for regular PFs was focused on guiding CFs and local Pokjas in the preparation of SSK documents and assisting provincial Pokjas on Quality assurance of SSKs submitted by local Pokjas. Starting in 2016 PUP assigned 35 PFs Implementation to support acceleration of implementation in all provinces. Training for the PF Implementation focused on providing assistance to the provincial and local Pokjas in implementing the programs / activities mentioned in the SSK. Additional tasks of PF Implementation included reviewing the Masterplan document and Detailed Engineering Design as a part of readiness criteria for SSK implementation. 3

8 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 d. Strategic plans for advocacy and communication The Consultant has conducted an internal workshop with all Jakarta based and provincial consultants and with participation of PMU staff on formulating Strategies for Advocacy and Communication. The objective was twofold: to arrive at a strategy for USDP as a whole on how to approach the subject in its provinces, and to divine possible components of individual provincial action plans (to be adopted and implemented by the provincial Pokjas with facilitation from USDP) for advocating sanitation development. The discussion focused on a number of strategic issues in advocating implementation and sustainability of sanitation services with a view to identifying specific activities for the USDP team through the end of Following the workshop, and working with inputs from the Prosdas in the provinces, the two communication and advocacy experts have embarked on a limited mapping of issues and potential advocacy activities in Kota Bitung (North Sulawesi); Kota Kendari (South East Sulawesi); Kota Sabang (Aceh); Kota Cirebon (West Java); and Kota Mataram (NTB). The ultimate objective of this exercise is to produce action plans for all current USDP provinces with a special focus on establishment of sustainable sanitation services. The action plans will include production of materials with limited funding from USDP (Rp. 26 mln. per province to produce e.g. samples for reproduction). 2.2 Local level What sets USDP 2 apart from USDP 1 is its goal to engage directly with local level governments to assist on accelerating implementation of sanitation projects and creating sustainable sanitation services. During the first half of 2016 USDP has formulated an approach and methodology and piloted this in selected locations. This was followed by limited expansion to other cities and regencies to determine the wider applicability for engaging ultimately up to 10 local governments in all USDP provinces. The figure below, which was also included in the inception report, shows that this is approximately half way through the USDP 2 transformation process. Identifying and disseminating best practices for accelerating sustainable sanitation development Collaboration with related ministries and agencies Collaboration with 2-5 local governments to develop a model approach Collaboration with 3-10 local governments for upscaling Collaboration with related ministries and agencies Identification of support available to LGs Collaboration with provincial pokjas in 10 provinces Identification of regional priorities and sensitivities On the job collaboration with local Pokjas On the job collaboration with local Pokjas Compilation of national CBT program Available Support Regional / local needs Model Approach Result from scaling up National CBT offering Review for regional applicability Review for nationwide applicability Identification of delivery structure for nationwide CBT 4

9 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 a. Pilots in Karanganyar and Bitung The two pilots were conducted in Karanganyar Regency (Central Java) and Bitung City (North Sulawesi). Each involved several visits by the respective Task Group with close follow up by the related Prosda. The visits facilitated going through a number of predetermined steps to: agree on the current condition and sanitation management, especially of fecal sludge and solid waste; defining a starting/entry level for sustainable sanitation services; obtaining commitment from the regency/city to implement sanitation development as outlined in its SSK. Karanganyar Regency Task Group 2 conducted the facilitation in Karanganyar Regency, where it developed the following framework for the initial facilitation process: 5

10 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 The framework was employed successfully over the course of five field visits, culminating in a large event chaired by the Regent in which all participating agencies and organizations committed themselves to achieving 100% Sanitation Access. Detailed progress was as follows: Visit 1: Agreement on the Pokja s vision for accelerating sanitation development in Karanganyar. Overview of the state of sanitation development in the Regency (compiled through visits to key stakeholders, e.g. relevant heads of SKPD). Visit 2: Identification of sanitation development objective (based on data collection and analysis of strategic issues, mainly through meetings with relevant SKPD). Visit 3: Current sanitation management conditions clarified and agreed (during a focus group meeting with all Pokja members). Visit 4: agreement on sanitation program/activities to be executed in 2016 and 2017 (during a focus group meeting with all heads of SKPD and the Vice Regent). Visit 5: agreement on detailed program of activities for short term (to be included in budget revision 2016) and medium-term. City of Bitung Task Group 1 was responsible for the pilot in Bitung, for which it developed its own framework approach. This framework is based on the assumption that there are three aspects that need to be fully developed to make sustainable sanitation services possible: i) the superstructure, ii) the infrastructure, and iii) institutional aspects. All three aspects need to be dealt with if sanitation service is to achieve its ultimate objective, namely the improvement of public health and environmental quality, which in turn will improve the welfare of the people. The framework is depicted in the diagram below: Sustainable Sanitation Services Superstructure Aspects Infrastructure Aspects Institutional Aspects Value/Political Support Regulation Scope of services Technology options Value/spirit/loyalty Education & Supervision Strategic Law Inforcement Existing infrastructure Operator s Organization Risk Management Standard SOP and Obedience Performance standard & accountability OUTPUT: Increased sanitation access OUTCOME: decline in morbidity, improvement of environmental quality, etc. 6

11 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 Activities in Bitung focused on establishing a sustainable sanitation service organization. Detailed progress was as follows: Visit 1: Initial mapping of current management of sanitation services Institutional and regulatory aspects Draft Regulation on Waste Water Management is being discussed in the Local Assembly this year. A Mayoral Regulation came into effect to establish a dedicated operating unit for the sludge treatment facility (UPTD IPLT) under the Sanitation Department. Technical and operational aspects The IPLT with a capacity of 20 m 3 /day was completed by PUP during The facility is currently awaiting handover of the asset and process management to the local government. Bitung has 2 fecal suction truck units, each with capacity of 4 m 3 to collect and transport sludge to the IPLT. Financial aspect Levies on sludge removal services have been regulated in the law related to public service levies. Aspects of private involvement Involvement of private sector in sludge removal service is very limited, with only one private truck available. Visit 2: Consensus on development of sustainable sanitation services achieved during Focus Group Discussion with all Pokja members Visit 3: Pokja Action Plan prepared and presented to the Mayor of Bitung b. Expansion of activities to other cities and regencies Achieving the targets spelled out for USDP to work with up to 10 local governments in all USDP provinces will be very challenging given relatively short time frame and the limited number of experts available in the team. The project copes with this by having one Prosda in each province to keep the fire burning and having divided the Jakarta-based staff into two Task Groups each responsible for only four or five provinces. Even so it is obvious that the teams will be unable to spend a very long time in each of the local governments in their assigned provinces. This means that the approaches piloted in Karanganyar and Bitung will have to be streamlined for large-scale application. As a first step the Consultant has tested the practicability of a simplified approach in a number of other locations prior to full-fledged scaling up: 1. Kota Sabang (Aceh) 2. Boyolali (Central Java) 3. Kebumen (Central Java) 4. Muara Enim (South Sumatra) 5. Cirebon (West Java) 6. Indramayu Regency (West Java) 7. Banjarmasin (South Kalimantan) 8. Kendari (Southeast Sulawesi) 9. Kota Mataram (NTB) 10. Lombok Tengah (NTB) 7

12 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 The streamlining/ simplification lies in the fact that the initial identification meetings are handled independently by the Prosda in a focus group discussion with the local Pokja to identify: a) possibilities for accelerating project implementation; b) potential demand for sustainable sanitation services being operated on the basis of cost recovery; and c) specific activities on which Jakarta-based staff will need to assist. The Jakarta-based staff can thus operate more on demand rather than the entire team participating in each visit. This is expected to ultimately result in a varying mix of support from locally and centrally-based staff with a leading role for the Prosda to assure due regard for local sensitivities and priorities. c. RAL studies Apart from facilitating accelerated implementation of the plans laid out in SSK/MPS documents at local level (reported in the paragraphs above), which obtains at the relatively abstract level of planning and budgeting, it is also important to ensure that these processes are informed by insight in practical conditions at community level. To this end, USDP-2 includes three Rapid Action Learning studies dealing with local sanitation practice at agency and community level. These RAL studies seek to explore opportunities for collaboration at the interface between institutional and community activities. The three RAL studies are all being implemented in NTB: (i) Solid waste management (WASH2gether) This study, being implemented by WASH2gether, commenced with a first mission to Mataram in February for data collection and initial contacts with local authorities and communities. The consultant was able to observe several good practices in the field, such as Rumah Kompos and Bank Sampah, and collect information on the financial and institutional sustainability of community-based services. The RAL study revealed a potential question about the marketability of compost from the Waste Composting Facilities in Mataram and Lembuak due to its perceived high cost. Because this could point to a broader question about the commercial viability of composting, the Consultant then conducted a brief additional financial and economic assessment, which showed that the Nitrogen content per kilogram of compost produced is indeed relatively low, making the cost to most users much higher than that of commercially available alternatives. The assessment nevertheless did not rule out productive use of composting, but concluded that sustainable operation of the facility demands a more careful analysis of sources, processes, and potential buyers. Mataram City Discussions with Bappeda and Dinas Kebersihan led to modification of the draft RAL approach to the local situations and views and the selection of potential locations for combined RAL projects: one location with SWM and FSM activities and the other with IPP-STBM and SWM activities. Both locations are high-risk and low income communities according to EHRA Bappeda is ready to make provisions in the local planning and budgeting process, including investments for training and low-cost community equipment, such as waste collection carts and low-cost composting facilities. Lombok Barat Regency This Regency prefers RAL for SWM only, as this is a big issue for both urban centers and villages, where it is very interested in trying community-based solutions. The Regency has no regulation on SWM and no experience with city-style SWM in the district, and is positive about collaborating with the locations in Mataram City. 8

13 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 The consultant from WASH2gether will return to NTB in September or November to advise on implementation during startup of the RAL study on SWM, on condition that Mataram City and Lombok Barat Regency are carrying out the implementation schedule discussed during the Pokja meetings in February. (This second mission in 2016 comes instead of a planned mission in 2015 that did not take place.) (ii) Developing a rapid assessment tool for urban waste flows and practices The rapid assessment tool has been designed by IRC and further improved during a first mission in March (Mataram City) and a final mission May (in 20 urban villages of Lombok Tengah). The tool offers an easily understood presentation of the volumes of sludge dealt with safely and/or unsafely at each link of the sanitation service chain. This information is combined with a scorecard analysis of other, more qualitative information. Presented below is the scorecard for Lombok Tengah. Summary of faecal waste flows Produced Capture Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Disposal Reuse Totals in m 3 616, , , , ,575 99,575 99,575 0 Totals in % 100.0% 100.0% 99.9% 18.1% 16.5% 16.1% 16.1% 0.0% Safe 99.9% 18.1% 16.5% 16.1% 4.5% 4.5% 0.0% Unsafe 0.1% 81.8% 1.6% 0.3% 11.7% 11.7% 0.0% Overview of faecal waste management related score card results Overall Capture Containment Emptying Transport Treatment Disposal Reuse Planning 56% Budgets 43% NA NA NA NA NA NA Standards 44% 0% 0% 60% 0% 0% Permits 67% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Safety N/A 0% 0% N/A N/A N/A Notes: NA = Not Available; N/A = Not Applicable The assessment focuses on volumes of fecal waste produced at present and in future and the volumes of fecal waste lost between each of the links in the sanitation service chain. This shows where most losses occur and thus where the greatest threat is posed to the community. The volume calculations for each link show a decrease in safe management of fecal waste along the chain, as is evident from the sludge flow diagram: 9

14 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 The now completed tool can be of great use to the Task Groups in facilitating the establishment of sustainable FSM (depending on whether the relevant Pokjas have the necessary data). A good understanding of both the current and future situation will help make sure that: real issues are addressed; priority is given to those issues that will bring the most benefit in terms of environment and health outcomes; public funds are spent wisely. Actually, the study showed that since like most local governments the Regency does not avail of a Sludge Treatment Facility (IPLT) all sludge collected is disposed of indiscriminately into the environment. While this adds weight to the current policy focus on building/rehabilitating IPLTs and establishing scheduled sludge collection, it also brings to mind that there is to date almost no attention for the black water that is the source of the fecal sludge. Simply put, while it takes several years for a few m 3 of sludge to fill up a septic tank through sedimentation, dozens of liters of the remaining black water exit daily as effluent from the septic tank. Properly designed and constructed, this effluent should flow into a leaching field/pit, where the many pathogens it contains are filtered out over time. However, leaching pits/fields are seldom employed and the effluent generally flows straight into the environment (often via drains along the roadside) where it still poses a threat to the community. Failure to deal with the effluent means that the impact of FSM on safe disposal of black water is only limited (in Lombok Tengah it is only 4.5% since there is no IPLT). Relying on onsite sanitation without efforts to capture the effluent therefore remains a suboptimal approach. (iii) IPP-STBM with a view to learning lessons for replication in urban areas This RAL study is being implemented by SIMAVI in Lombok Timur and Kota Mataram. The objectives are to facilitate improvement of local capacity for demand creation, with a particular focus on sub-district teams, and development of a methodology for replication of demand creation. SIMAVI conducts the activity with a local NGO, with intermittent support visits by the international consultant. The first mission was conducted in February-March and resulted in: establishment of working teams at district and sub-district levels; selection of pilot village; preparatory meetings in Lombok Timur Regency and Mataram City; a workshop on Sanitation as a collective responsibility. The mission team was able to conduct an assessment of capacity in local government level for facilitation of community participation to accelerate sustainable sanitation development. This involved inter alia: assessment of the existing communication mechanism related to sanitation between community and local government; identification of sanitarian and health promotion staff; identification of potential facilitators at district level; study visit by district and sub-district teams to villages to assess implementation of the five pillars of STBM. An initial achievement is increased local government understanding of the importance of capacity improvement - what capacities are needed, whose capacities can be improved, what can be done, and how to maintain and manage existing sanitation facilities. Facilitator teams have been identified at district and sub district levels and have developed action plans. 10

15 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 d. Promotion of Nawasis as Decision Support System One of the objectives of USDP-2 is to promote the use of Nawasis as a Decision Support System (DSS) at local level. This is based on the observation that local governments do not appear to give high priority to data entry into Nawasis. Establishing Nawasis as a DSS is expected to make the database useful for these governments, and thereby give them an incentive to complete data entry. A first promotion of Nawasis as a DSS was done through kick off meetings in Central Java and South Sumatra. During this kick off, provincial Pokjas and local Pokjas together participated in various sessions on subjects such as Universal Access, sanitation funding, and Nawasis. This also included a one-hour session on using Nawasis as DSS. Use of Nawasis as DSS was also included in direct training of Pokja members during visits to Kota Bandung, Kota Bogor, Kota Bitung, Kota Mataram, and the regencies Lombok Tengah and Lombok Timur. The training focused on utilizing the infrastructure and investment menu as the support system. These direct training events yielded better results than training at provincial level due to greater interaction with individual Pokja members from the different SKPDs. This personal link to the various agencies assured data availability during the training exercise and thus enabled the system to generate quick and real results. During the training, Pokja members were able to share tasks during data input and maintenance. To support the Teams in facilitating establishment of sustainable FSM services in selected USDP cities, a new module was developed specifically to serve IPLT operation. The new module Data Pelanggan IPLT was developed as a database of IPLT clients (i.e., households that had their septic tanks emptied). This new module was introduced in Kota Bitung and the experience was such that it can be replicated to other cities. The new module will be launched in synchronization with the Task Groups FSM activities. 11

16 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 3. Support at central level a. Nawasis (i) Development of investment infrastructure modules Investment module This module enables cities to record their annual sanitation activities for planning and monitoring purposes (and thus makes it possible to use it as a DSS). The module contains fields for information on activities, source and type of fund, type of activity, type of output, potential number of beneficiaries, and location. If they record all the relevant activities cities can use the database for local and provincial planning purposes, e.g. in the context of the local and provincial Musrenbang as well as the regional plan coordination meeting of PUP (Konreg). Infrastructure module This module allows cities to record and monitor performance of existing sanitation facilities as it contains detailed information on capacity, quantity and quality of wastewater treated, location, and operators. Cities can use the database to generate performance indicators for each of these aspects and for infrastructure management in general. To increase the utility of these modules, the Consultant fine-tuned the input investasi menu by improving the way in which users can specify type and quantity of sanitation infrastructure built as well as its potential beneficiaries. The original design made users manually specify the type of infrastructure in the relevant field, but this led to a large variety of terms which made it difficult to apply filters. Another update of the system was necessitated by the new target of Universal Access by This involved the indikator daerah menu, in which cities record the existing sanitation situation, which allows the system to generate outcome indicators for the wastewater, solid waste, and drainage sectors. The improvement involves categorizing the indicators in line with the classifications leading to universal access. For the wastewater sector, there are three classifications: improved sanitation, basic sanitation, and open defecation. There are nine outcome indicators in all classified for improved and basic sanitation. Given that Nawasis is the basic information management system for PPSP, it is also being used in provinces that are currently not supported by USDP. Training on any system improvements there is the responsibility of the PMU. Therefore, USDP has provided hands on training to PMU staff for introduction of the investment and infrastructure modules. These PMU staff then trained facilitators and provincial Pokja members, either in national training sessions or in specific provinces. The Consultant also provided hands-on training for the purpose of quality assurance of the SSKs submitted by local governments (this QA is the responsibility of the provincial Pokjas). Nawasis data is being used for measuring performance of investment in and maintenance of sanitation infrastructure, based on which cities may qualify for the Sanipura Award that was introduced in 2014 by AKKOPSI. The criteria were further detailed in 2016 by also considering appropriateness of the project location (whether or not built in a risk area) and the creation of new access. The relevant module was 12

17 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 amended to make it possible to use these two indicators for giving the Sanipura Award in (ii) Website integration There are currently two websites with information on the sanitation sector with similar names: ppsp.nawasis.info (run by Bappenas) and nawasis.info (run by the national Pokja AMPL). Nawasis.info contains modules for SKKT and the survey AMPL, while ppsp.nawasis.info contains modules for PPSP for use by the local governments despite the similar host name, these two systems run on different databases. To eliminate this confusion, the PMU has asked the Consultant to initiate integration of the two websites. To this end, the Consultant has shared the username and password structure for access to ppsp.nawasis.info, expecting nawasis.info to install a similar structure in their system prior to facilitate integration. However, the system administrator of nawasis.info has not yet responded. b. Presidential regulation on water supply and sanitation In November of 2014, at the end of the first phase of PPSP, a Presidential Regulation was issued (Perpres 185/2014) on the acceleration of water supply and sanitation, which established responsibilities and prescribed a process and instruments for coordination of development and implementation. Unfortunately, the Perpres became defunct almost immediately for three reasons: Law 7/2004 on Water Resources, which contained the basic prohibition of untreated discharge into open water and on which the Perpres was partly based, was rendered unconstitutional by the Supreme Court; Presidential Regulation 7/2015 on the organization structure of national ministries reordered responsibilities and authorities in a way that made ministries unable to assume their responsibilities as stipulated in the earlier Perpres 185/2014; RPJMN framed the sustainable development goals for universal access to safe water supply and sanitation in a broader goal to eradicate slums (with the resulting target ), which was not covered under Perpres 185/2014. Supporting AKKOPSI, USDP consultants have been working closely with Bappenas in drafting a new Perpres to provide legal backing for the government s efforts to bring about universal access to water supply and sanitation as part of the effort to eradicate slums. (Water supply, waste water, drainage, and solid waste represent four of the seven indicators of slum eradication.) Since the changes necessitated by the developments mentioned above could not be accommodated in a mere amendment to the existing Perpres 185/2014, it was decided to produce a draft for an entirely new Perpres. This draft has already been discussed with the Cabinet Secretary and the deliberative process through successive levels of the administration in the related ministries has begun in order to issue the new document before budget preparation for c. Advocacy and communication (i) Roadmap STBM One of the main challenges in sanitation development is convincing people to accept (and pay for) new services such as by getting a household connection to sewer 13

18 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 systems (whether small, medium, or large scale), participating in scheduled desludging of their septic tank, and often in connection with the latter investing in or accepting installation of a new (proper) septic tank. The organization that has most experience with triggering acceptance of sanitation improvements is the Ministry of Health, through its Community-based Total Sanitation program (STBM) in rural areas. During USDP-1 the Consultant sought to use this experience by participating in experiments to apply these rural approaches in urban areas. This was known as IPP-STBM. The Consultant has now collaborated with the MOH in formulating a new Roadmap STBM to ensure its contribution to achieving universal access in This Roadmap targets approx. 62,000 villages and urban areas for triggering through IPP_STBM is now incorporated in the overall STBM approach and there is no more need for separate IPP-STBM. (ii) Collaboration AKKOPSI-MOH Subsequent to MOH s instruction allowing the use of provincial and local funds marked for health expenditures to invest in sanitation as preventive health measures, the Ministry has urged AKKOPSI to take a leading role in promoting this. USDP consultants then assisted AKKOPSI in preparing a Memorandum of Understanding between AKKOPSI and the Ministry, which was signed in, to create a Think Tank on activities for prevention and promotion. On 30 May 2016 the Consultant facilitated AKKOPSI s Advocacy and Horizontal Learning (AHL) event in Semarang, which was attended by the Minister of Health, the AKKOPSI leadership, and a number of mayors and regents from Central Java. This event allowed the mayors and regents to exchange experiences with development in their respective districts and to reassert their commitment to improving health conditions through preventive and promotive activities. (iii) Funding of sanitation development The National Congress of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in Surabaya has endorsed a Fatwa on the utilization of alms and other religious funds for the construction of water supply and sanitation. USDP consultants have facilitated the socialization of this Fatwa during two regional meetings in Batam and Jakarta, and given instruction for facilitation during a third regional meeting in Mataram. Participation in the meetings involved representatives from all provincial Pokjas, Bappedas, and Health Agencies as well as representatives of the Ulema Council from all provinces. 14

19 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 4. Planning for remainder of 2016 a. Extension of local support to 3-4 local governments per province To accelerate the impact of USDP facilitation support to more cities and regencies, also in other provinces, the Consultant will take the following initiatives: streamlining of the facilitation process piloted in Bitung and Karanganyar; assisting on developing action plans for advocacy and communication; creating a champion district in each province as a center of excellence; extending support to 2-3 districts/municipalities per province in 2016; promoting exchange of experiences among the districts in each province. Apart from the need to streamline the approach to local level facilitation, the Consultant will assist provincial Pokjas on developing action plans for advocacy and communication. These action plans are essential to creating a platform of support for sanitation development in the different local governments. From August to September/October the two Task Groups will work with the respective Prosdas to begin facilitation in one or two local governments in each province. From November onwards, the Prosdas will be in charge as local managers of the process, independently engaging additional districts with assistance from individual Jakarta-based consultants as needed. (The Prosdas in Central Java and North Sulawesi, having already worked with the Task Groups during the piloting phase, will begin this process immediately in August.) Activity Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Streamlining of Approach Action plans for advocacy and communication Identifying Centers of Excellence Expansion to other cities By the end of 2016 there should be active facilitation in the following districts. No. Province District 1. Aceh 1. Kota Sabang 2. Kota Langsa 3. Kab. Aceh Barat 4. Kab. Aceh Utara 2. South Sumatra 1. Kab. Muara Enim 2. Kota Prabumulih 3. Kota Palembang 3. West Java 1. Kota Cirebon 2. Kab. Indramayu 3. Kota Depok 4. Kab. Bogor 4. Central Java 1. Kab. Karanganyar 2. Kab. Boyolali 3. Kab. Kebumen 4. Kota Salatiga 15

20 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 5. South Kalimantan 1. Kota Banjarmasin 2. Kab. Banjar 3. Kab. Tanah Bumbu 6. North Sulawesi 1. Kota Bitung 2. Kab. Minahasa Utara 3. Kota Kotamubago 7. South-East Sulawesi 1. Kota Kendari 2. Kab. Kolaka 3. Kota Bau-bau 8. South Sulawesi 1. Kab. Bantaeng 2. Kab. Bulukumba 9. West Nusa Tenggara 1. Kota Mataram 2. Kab. Lombok Tengah 3. Kab. Lombok Timur b. Implementation of action plans for advocacy and communication The Consultant will conduct mapping and limited advocacy activities in each of the USDP provinces to prepare for establishing sustainable sanitation services with particular attention for the need to get target districts to: draft supporting regulations; establish appropriate institutions; initiate relevant planning and budgeting; operate sanitation assets effectively and efficiently; conduct social marketing of sanitation services. USDP will assist Pokjas with design and production of materials for advocacy and communication, where necessary by helping provinces and target districts formulate a strategy / action plan for advocacy and promotion. For certain one-off expenses (e.g. the production of master copies of relevant materials) USDP can provide a limited budget of Rp. 26 million on average per province. c. Nawasis promotion and training in selected cities USDP plans to assist 30 cities in 2016 in establishing sustainable FSM/SWM services and in acceleration of sanitation investment/implementation. In this connection, the Annual Work Plan strives towards utilization of ppsp.nawasis.info in all USDP supported cities. To this end, the Nawasis specialist will provide hands-on training in at least two cities in each province by the end of this year, especially focused on the infrastructure and investment modules. The training will also include identification of asset locations in a web-based GIS module. d. Improvement of Nawasis modules and support to Sanipura Award (i) Support to investment coordination Within the next six months, USDP will further improve existing infrastructure and investment modules especially to support their use by PUP s Konreg (regional planning/investment consultation), the provincial meeting on coordination of local 16

21 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 MPS documents (Lokakarya MPS), and the private sector in identifying the need for sanitation activities in the districts. To make sure that Nawasis outputs suit the users needs the Consultant will create a new MPS data import facility that enables direct entry of data to the investment menu. (ii) Sanipura Award To support AKKOPSI in adjudicating the Sanipura Award, the Consultant will prepare ppsp.nawasis.info for use as data recorder, with automated computation of city scores to determine their sanitation performance ranking. The module will be developed as soon as the computation method has been approved by AKKOPSI. 17

22 Urban Sanitation Development Program-2 5. Staffing a. Replacement of Team Leader Last January the Team Leader had to return unexpectedly to the Netherlands due to a family emergency. With approval from EKN, he continued working on USDP while in NL. Although he was able to return to Indonesia in February, continued pressure from the situation at home has resulted in his decision to resign as TL effective 1 September 2016, after which he will remain available on a short-term basis until the end of the year. Meanwhile, a new Team Manager has been approved by EKN who will join the project on August 1 to ensure a suitable handover period. A reallocation of man months for short term inputs within the budgets for international consultancy will accommodate the overlap between the assignments of the current TL and his successor. b. Resignation of Co-Team Leader To implement a long held desire to join the teaching staff of Trisakti University as a fulltime lecturer, the Co-Team Leader has tendered his resignation effective 31 July Selection of prospective candidates to replace him is underway. The departing Co-Team Leader will remain available for limited short-term inputs. c. Additional expertise for Nawasis In April Bappenas requested more emphasis on Nawasis development and relevant possibilities were discussed with EKN. This resulted in the decision to keep the current Nawasis Specialist in the Cell-PMU beyond July (the time limit originally presented in the USDP budget) until the end of the project. His extension through the end of the project is necessary for further developing the investment and infrastructure modules (the objective being to incorporate more specific data on FSM and SWM and to make Nawasis useful for other projects and programs that are working on sanitation, such as e.g. SNV and IUWASH), as well as for training/guiding local governments in using Nawasis as a Decision Support System. Another decision was to recruit a short-term system development specialist to assist the Nawasis Specialist on integration of ppsp.nawasis.info and nawasis.info. EKN suggested funding this additional long and short-term expertise from the existing short-term consultant budget, and this was effected through a limited reallocation of both foreign and local short-term consultancy. d. Recruitment of Prosdas for South-East Sulawesi and South Sulawesi The Annual Work Plan 2016 presented in December 2015 announced the intention to transfer the Public Finance Expert of the USDP-cell at PIU-KP to Kendari to become Prosda for South-East Sulawesi. However, on request of the PMU this transfer was not implemented. Instead, a new staff member was recruited for the Prosda position in South-East Sulawesi. 18