Advancing Health Equity and Inclusive Growth in the Sacramento Region: Narrative and Data for an Equity Policy Agenda

Advancing Health Equity and Inclusive Growth in the Sacramento Region: Narrative and Data for an Equity Policy Agenda

Equity is the Superior Growth Model

Racial inequities hinder economic prosperity Sacramento Metro Area: Actual GDP and Estimated GDP without Racial Gaps in Income, 2014 GDP in 2014 (billions) GDP if racial gaps in income were eliminated (billions) $140 $131.7 Equity Dividend: $19.4 billion $70 $60 $50 $40 $120 $100 $80 $60 $40 $20 $54.5 $112.2 $58.8 Equity Dividend: $4.3 billion $30 Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and IPUMS. $20 $0 $10 $0

Tailoring the frame: Going regional Image source: Wikipedia.

What is an equitable region? Regions are equitable when all residents regardless of their race/ethnicity, income, neighborhood of residence, or other characteristics are fully able to participate in the region s economic vitality, contribute to the region s readiness for the future, and connect to the region s assets and resources.

Equity profiles: Informing regional dialogue and policy Completed profiles: 1) Minnesota 2) Rhode Island 3) Bay Area 4) Houston 5) Piedmont Triad, NC 6) Research Triangle, NC 7) Cape Fear, NC 8) Southeast Florida 9) Omaha 10) Kansas City 11) Fairfax County 12) Detroit region Completed profiles 2017 RWJF Profiles 2017 Kellogg Profiles

Inspiring action July 12, 2016: Fairfax County Board of Supervisors Adopts Equity Resolution

Advancing Health Equity and Inclusive Growth Economic Vitality Good jobs available to lesseducated workers Family-supporting incomes Rising wages and living standards for lower-income households Strong regional industries Economic growth widely shared Reduced economic inequality Shrinking racial wealth gap Healthy, Economically Secure People Readiness Skills for the jobs of the future Youth ready to enter the workforce and adapt to economic shifts Good population health and reduced health inequities Health insurance coverage and access to care Strong, Inclusive Regional Economies Connectedness Transportation and mobility choices, including walking, biking, and public transit Inclusive, health-supporting neighborhood and school environments Access to quality, affordable housing Shared political power and voice Policies and Practices that Undo Structural Racism and Foster Full Inclusion

Advancing Health Equity and Inclusive Growth in Sacramento Image source: Wikipedia.

Regional indicators database Coverage: 150 largest metros 100 largest cities 50 states United States Key Sources: IPUMS U.S. Census Bureau Geolytics BRFSS Woods & Poole Economics, Inc. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Education Statistics U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Profile geography

Indicators framework Demographics Who lives in the region and how is this changing? Economic Vitality Can all residents participate in and contribute to economic vitality? Readiness Is the workforce prepared for the 21st century economy? Connectedness Are residents connected to each other and the region s assets and opportunities? Economic Benefits What are the benefits of racial economic inclusion to the broader economy?

DEMOGRAPHICS The region is still majority white, but the people of color population has grown fastest in all four counties Race/Ethnicity and Nativity, 2014 Net Change in Population by Geography, 2000 to 2014 0.5% 7% 4% 5.8% Yolo 21% 48% 5.8% 15% 0.3% 7% 4% Placer 51% El Dorado Sacramento Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA 16% 19% 22% 46% 59% 48% 53% 120% Source: IPUMS. 2014 American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

How is Sacramento Doing? Image source: Wikimedia.

Level of Inequality ECONOMIC VITALITY Workers in the bottom 80 percent experienced real declines income from 1979 to 2014 and income inequality has grown Real Earned Income Growth for Full-Time Wage and Salary Workers, 1979 to 2014 Income Inequality, 1979 to 2014 22% 0.50 14% 17% 6% -1% 10th Percentile 20th Percentile 50th Percentile 80th Percentile 90th Percentile 0.45 0.43 0.46 0.44 0.47 0.46-7% -11% -10% -15% -7% 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.40 0.35 1979 1989 1999 2014 Source: IPUMS.

ECONOMIC VITALITY Unemployment rates and wages are higher for people of color than whites regardless of education Unemployment Rate by Educational Attainment and Race/Ethnicity, 2014 Median Hourly Wage by Educational Attainment and Race/Ethnicity, 2014 42% $32 $31 $27 $26 25% 18% 16% 15% 26% 19% 15.9% 16.2% 14.9% 13% 12% 12% 12% 13% 11% 12% 11% 10% 11% 9% 7% 7% 7% 7% 5.7% 5% 5% 6% $11 $16 $11 $18 $16 $15 $14 $22 $20 $20 $18 Less than a HS Diploma HS Diploma, no College Some College, no Degree AA Degree, no BA BA Degree or higher Less than a HS Diploma HS Diploma, no College More than HS Diploma but less than BA Degree BA Degree or higher Source: IPUMS.

READINESS The average Black resident of Sacramento has more exposure to air pollution than 90 percent of tracts nationwide Air Pollution: Exposure Index by Race/Ethnicity, 2014 Values range from 1 (lowest risk) to 100 (highest risk) on a national scale. The index value is based on percentile ranking each risk measure across all census tracts in the U.S. and taking the average ranking for each Atlas geography and demographic group. All White Black Latino Asian or Pacific Islander 82.8 79.7 90 85.3 87 Native American 80.6 Mixed/other 85.9 Source: U.S. EPA, 2011 National Air Toxics Assessment; U.S. Census Bureau.

READINESS Black adults also have the highest asthma rates in the region, followed by those of mixed/other races Adult Asthma Rates by Race/Ethnicity, 2012 All 10.2% White 10.4% Black 15% Latino 9.7% Asian or Pacific Islander 7% Mixed/other 13% Source: BRFSS.

CONNECTEDNESS Nearly a quarter of jobs in the region are low-wage but only 18 percent of rental housing units are affordable Share of Affordable Rental Housing Units, 2014 Share of jobs that are low-wage Share of rental housing units that are affordable Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA 18% 24% Sacramento 19% 23% Placer 10% 27% Yolo 20% 22% Buffalo, NY Metro Area El Dorado 29% 19% 30% Source: U.S. 54% Census Bureau and the Longitudinal-Employer Household Dynamics. 29% Erie County, NY

ECONOMIC BENEFITS Latinos would see their average incomes increase by 70 percent with racial equity the largest potential gains Percentage Gain in Income with Racial Equity, 2014 125% 84% 71% 70% 58% 37% 28% 54% 56% 48% 17% 34% Black Latino Asian or Pacific Islander Mixed/other People of Color All Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, IPUMS, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

From Analysis to Action

Sacramento equity profile: project components January 24: Receive draft equity profile Early March: Receive draft policy brief and revised equity profile Late April: Public Release Event February 2: Site visit profile presentation and policy priorities discussion Late March: Finalize profile and policy agenda and promote release event

Sacramento equity profile: next steps Action Items: Release date Foreword Photos Introductions Media contacts Responsibilities of Advisory Committee: Review equity profile draft and offer feedback (relating to additional analyses) by February 24 Review policy brief and offer feedback

Contact info: James Crowder: james@policylink.org Ángel Ross: angel@policylink.org