Traffic Safety Basic Facts Main Figures. Traffic Safety Basic Facts Traffic Safety. Motorways Basic Facts 2015.

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Audrey Henry
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1 Traffic Safety Basic Facts Main Figures Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2015 Traffic Safety Motorways Basic Facts 2015 Motorways

2 General Almost people were killed in road accidents on motorways in the European Union countries between 2004 and This number corresponds to 8% of all road fatalities in those countries. There were road accident fatalities on motorways in 2004, and the number fell by 48% by 2013 (1.970). The total number of road accident fatalities in the European Union countries also fell significantly over the same decade, by 45%. The number of people killed in road accidents on motorways fell by 48% in the decade from 2004 to Although the overall number of road fatalities decreased rather steadily, the trend for motorway fatalities has been more variable. The most significant reduction of the number of fatalities on motorways occurred between , whilst a slight increase in motorway fatalities occurred between Note that in three countries (Germany, Greece, and Poland) a significant number of fatalities are recorded in the CARE data as being on nonspecified road network type (it is not known whether or not they occurred on a motorway). Figure 1: Number of fatalities on motorways and all road fatalities, EU,

3 Table 1 provides an overview of the changes in the number of fatalities on motorways by country. The reduction in motorway fatalities between 2004 and 2013 was highest in Spain (68%). Table 1: Number of fatalities on motorways by country, BE BG CZ DK DE EE IE EL ES FR HR IT CY LV LT LU HU MT NL AT PL PT RO SI SK FI SE UK EU Yearly -5,5% -1,8% -7,1% -17,0% -7,4% -6,5% -7,3% -10,2% 1,6% change CH * Totals for EU include latest available data (Data for Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Malta not included in totals) Table 2 shows the rate of fatalities on motorways per million population between 2004 and The 2013 rate was higher in Croatia (9,6) than in the other European countries and hence higher than the average rate (4,0) of the EU countries

4 Austria experienced a significant reduction (75%) in the fatality rate on its motorway network within Table 2: Motorway fatality rates per million population by country, or latest available year BE 12,0 15,4 15,6 14,5 13,0 13,9 9,8 10,9 8,2 8,4 BG 4,6 4,7 4,7 4,8 4,8 4,8 4,9 4,9 4,9 4,9 CZ 5,7 4,4 3,6 4,7 2,9 2,4 2,7 2,0 2,1 2,4 DK 5,0 5,7 2,9 4,4 5,7 4,4 4,9 2,2 1,4 2,1 DE 8,4 8,0 7,8 7,3 6,0 5,8 5,3 5,5 4,7 5,2 EE IE 1,5 0,5 2,6 2,3 0,4 0,9 2,0 2,0 1,1 1,1 EL 10,5 10,0 13,2 12,6 10,7 9,7 7,8 7,3 5,1 7,1 ES 21,7 19,8 17,6 13,8 10,9 10,1 9,0 7,3 6,5 6,3 FR 5,2 5,3 4,8 4,4 3,7 3,6 3,8 4,2 3,5 3,7 HR 15,1 15,1 15,1 15,1 15,5 10,0 7,7 5,4 10,1 9,6 IT 11,3 10,0 10,2 9,0 7,7 5,9 6,4 5,7 5,6 5,4 CY 12,4 12,3 17,5 17,2 10,3 8,8 11,0 8,3 3,5 2,3 LV LT LU 15,4 8,7 12,8 23,1 12,4 72,9 57,8 7,8 13,3 11,2 HU 6,1 4,8 5,5 6,1 5,4 3,8 4,4 4,9 3,1 3,0 MT NL 5,1 5,1 5,1 5,1 5,1 5,0 3,9 2,6 4,1 3,5 AT 14,5 10,9 9,0 8,9 8,5 7,3 7,1 5,5 5,9 3,7 PL 1,1 0,9 1,4 1,4 0,9 1,1 0,7 1,0 1,2 1,1 PT 11,1 9,3 8,0 12,1 9,1 8,4 10,5 7,9 5,5 4,2 RO 0,9 1,7 2,4 1,9 1,0 1,2 0,9 0,8 0,8 1,2 SI 18,5 10,0 16,5 18,4 6,5 14,8 9,3 9,8 9,7 7,8 SK 3,9 3,9 2,8 3,5 2,6 1,7 2,6 2,6 2,6 2,6 FI 3,3 1,9 3,2 2,7 1,7 2,3 0,7 2,0 2,4 1,5 SE 4,7 2,7 3,1 2,7 2,0 2,3 2,6 2,1 1,9 2,2 UK 2,9 3,5 3,2 3,1 2,7 2,2 1,9 1,7 1,4 1,6 EU 7,8 7,3 7,2 6,6 5,5 5,1 4,7 4,4 3,9 4,0 CH 6,9 3,4 4,2 6,3 3,6 4,4 3,0 2,8 7,9 2,9 Sources: CARE database (EUROSTAT for population data), data available in May 2015 Figure 2 shows that the fatality rate on motorways in EU decreased by almost 49% between 2004 and 2013, from 7,8 per million population in 2004 to 4,0 in

5 Figure 2: Motorway fatality rates per million population by country, 2004 and 2013 or latest available year The fatality rate on motorways, in EU, decreased by almost 49% between 2004 and Sources: CARE database (EUROSTAT for population data), data available in May 2015 A fairer comparison of the level of safety on motorways involves the fatality rate per thousand kilometers of motorway. Using this exposure measure (motorway network length), Table 3 and Figure 3 show that the motorway fatality rate in Hungary decreased by 82% between 2004 and Furthermore, the average rate for EU fell by 56% between 2004 (61,6) and 2013 (27,3)

6 The fatality rate on the Hungarian motorways decreased by 82% between 2004 and The average fatality rate per thousand kilometers of motorways for EU fell by 56% between 2004 and Table 3: Motorway fatality rates per km of motorways by country, or latest available year BE 71,6 92,2 93,0 86,8 78,8 85,1 60,1 68,1 51,6 53,3 BG 108,8 108,8 91,4 86,1 86,1 86,1 82,4 78,6 66,5 66,5 CZ 106,2 79,8 58,5 73,1 43,4 34,3 38,1 28,2 29,3 33,3 DK 26,7 30,7 14,9 21,6 27,5 21,3 23,9 10,6 7,1 10,6 DE 57,0 53,5 51,5 47,8 39,1 37,1 33,5 35,3 30,0 33,1 EE IE 31,3 8,1 44,5 37,2 4,7 6,0 10,0 10,0 5,6 5,6 EL 131,8 126,1 169,4 161,3 126,6 113,9 91,8 85,4 60,1 83,3 ES 86,1 74,8 64,3 47,5 36,7 33,2 29,3 23,4 20,7 20,0 FR 30,1 29,9 27,3 24,9 21,1 20,2 20,9 23,5 19,5 20,8 HR 70,3 64,0 60,1 56,2 55,9 34,6 26,5 18,3 34,3 31,7 IT 99,2 88,2 90,0 79,8 68,2 52,5 56,4 50,7 49,1 47,7 CY 33,6 32,6 50,6 50,6 31,1 27,2 35,0 27,2 11,7 7,8 LV LT LU 47,9 27,2 40,8 74,8 40,8 236,8 190,8 26,3 46,1 39,5 HU 109,0 75,5 70,1 71,1 42,4 29,9 29,8 32,3 20,5 19,8 MT NL 32,1 31,9 31,9 32,1 31,5 31,5 24,3 16,3 25,8 22,4 AT 70,4 53,1 44,1 43,6 41,9 36,0 34,3 26,8 29,1 18,0 PL 76,1 59,8 83,0 79,9 45,8 50,6 32,7 34,6 32,2 27,0 PT 45,7 38,5 33,1 48,9 35,8 32,9 40,6 30,7 19,4 14,7 RO 83,3 162,3 219,3 145,9 74,7 77,9 54,2 45,7 30,9 37,3 SI 76,6 35,1 57,0 63,9 18,7 40,2 24,6 26,0 26,0 20,8 SK 66,4 64,1 45,8 52,1 36,5 23,0 33,7 33,4 33,4 33,4 FI 26,0 14,4 24,3 20,0 12,2 15,7 5,1 13,9 16,7 9,9 SE 24,9 14,3 16,1 13,8 9,7 11,1 12,7 10,6 9,5 11,1 UK 45,4 56,8 51,6 50,4 43,6 35,9 32,1 28,8 24,1 27,7 EU 61,6 56,8 54,5 49,4 39,8 36,2 33,3 30,6 27,0 27,3 CH 38,0 18,4 22,8 34,0 19,5 24,2 16,4 15,5 44,4 16,2 Sources: CARE database (EUROSTAT for road length data), data available in May 2015 Figure 3: Motorway fatality rates per km of motorways by country, EU, or latest available year Sources: CARE database (EUROSTAT for road length data), data available in May

7 Greece is the country with the highest number of fatalities on motorways per thousand kilometers of motorway network in Conversely, the fatality rate in Ireland in 2013 (5,6) is significantly lower than the average rate for EU countries (27,3). Poland and Romania are the countries with the lowest proportion of fatalities occurring on motorways (1%) in Spain had the highest proportion of road accident fatalities on motorways (18%) in Table 4 shows the proportion of road accident fatalities that occurred on motorways by country. Spain had the highest proportion in 2013 in the EU countries (18%), followed by Belgium, Germany and Slovenia (13%). By contrast, the lowest proportion of fatalities occurring on motorways was in Poland and Romania (1%). Table 4: Percentage of fatalities on motorways of all road fatalities by country, or latest available year BE 11% 15% 15% 14% 15% 16% 13% 14% 12% 13% BG 4% 4% 3% 3% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% CZ 4% 3% 3% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 4% DK 7% 9% 5% 6% 8% 8% 11% 5% 5% 6% DE 12% 12% 13% 12% 11% 11% 12% 11% 11% 13% EE IE 2% 1% 3% 3% 1% 2% 4% 5% 3% 3% EL 7% 7% 9% 9% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 9% ES 20% 19% 19% 16% 16% 17% 17% 17% 16% 18% FR 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 6% 7% 6% 7% HR 11% 11% 11% 11% 10% 8% 8% 6% 11% 11% IT 11% 10% 10% 10% 10% 8% 9% 9% 9% 9% CY 8% 8% 15% 15% 10% 10% 15% 10% 6% 5% LV LT LU 14% 9% 14% 24% 17% 75% 91% 12% 21% 13% HU 5% 4% 4% 5% 5% 5% 6% 8% 5% 5% MT NL 10% 11% 11% 12% 12% 13% 12% 8% 12% 12% AT 13% 12% 10% 11% 10% 10% 11% 9% 9% 7% PL 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% PT 9% 8% 9% 13% 11% 11% 12% 9% 8% 7% RO 1% 1% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% SI 14% 8% 13% 13% 6% 18% 14% 14% 15% 13% SK 3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 2% 4% 4% 4% 4% FI 5% 3% 5% 4% 3% 4% 1% 4% 5% 3% SE 9% 5% 6% 5% 5% 6% 9% 6% 6% 8% UK 5% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 6% EU 8% 8% 8% 8% 7% 7% 8% 7% 7% 8% CH 10% 6% 8% 12% 8% 10% 7% 7% 19% 9% - 7 -

8 In the following tables and figures, the CARE data for 2013 are analysed in greater detail. It should be noted that the latest available data are used, meaning 2009 data for BG and EE, 2010 data for MT and SK, and 2012 data for IE. 58% of fatalities on motorways across the EU countries were car or taxi occupants. About 12% of fatalities on motorways across the EU countries were two-wheeler riders. Mode of transport Table 5 shows the number of fatalities on motorways in 2013 by mode of transport. About 58% of fatalities on motorways across the EU countries were car or taxi occupants and almost 12% of fatalities were users of two-wheelers. Table 5: Total number and distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and mode of transport, 2013 or latest available year Car/taxi Lorries Twowheelers Pedestrian Others Total BE 63% 18% 2% 10% 7% 94 BG 94% 3% 0% 3% 0% 36 CZ 44% 16% 4% 8% 28% 25 DK 58% 25% 0% 8% 8% 12 DE 63% 0% 12% 7% 19% 428 EE IE 80% 0% 0% 20% 0% 5 EL 68% 4% 23% 5% 0% 79 ES 51% 8% 15% 19% 7% 294 FR 60% 10% 16% 9% 5% 238 HR 78% 0% 7% 15% 0% 41 IT 52% 19% 11% 7% 10% 321 CY 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% 2 LV LT LU 83% 0% 0% 0% 17% 6 HU 63% 10% 7% 13% 7% 30 MT NL 63% 8% 5% 14% 10% 59 AT 55% 19% 3% 13% 10% 31 PL 50% 0% 15% 15% 20% 40 PT 50% 16% 14% 14% 7% 44 RO 63% 13% 0% 25% 0% 24 SI 25% 19% 6% 31% 19% 16 SK 71% 0% 7% 14% 7% 14 FI 63% 13% 0% 25% 0% 8 SE 43% 5% 10% 33% 10% 21 UK 53% 6% 15% 17% 10% 102 EU % by mode of transport 58,2% 8,9% 11,6% 11,2% 10,1% 100% CH 78% 0% 13% 4% 4%

Figure 4: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and mode of transport, 2013 or latest available year Almost one third of fatalities on motorways in Sweden were pedestrians, the highest

9 Figure 4 shows that in 2013, 33% of fatalities on motorways in Sweden were pedestrians, the highest proportion among the EU countries. Furthermore, Slovenia, Romania and Finland had high proportions of pedestrian fatalities on motorways, 31% and 25% respectively. Figure 4: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and mode of transport, 2013 or latest available year Almost one third of fatalities on motorways in Sweden were pedestrians, the highest proportion in any of the EU countries. It is worth noticing that in 2013 less than 12% of the fatalities occurring on motorways in the EU countries were users of two wheeled vehicles (motorcycle, moped or pedal cycle users); Greece (23%) had the highest percentage. By comparison, Figure 5 shows that 27% of fatalities on nonmotorway roads were users of two wheeled vehicles with Netherlands having the highest percentage (44%). Figure 5: Distribution of fatalities on non-motorway road network by country and mode of transport, 2013 or latest available year - 9 -

10 Manoeuvre Type Table 6 shows that the vehicle manoeuvre most frequently associated with fatalities on motorways in the EU countries is driving straight ahead. About 26% of fatalities were occupants of vehicles, who were driving straight ahead and making no other manoeuvre. However, the corresponding percentage for this manoeuvre on non-motorway network is lower (21%), as shown in Table 7, maybe due to the large number of not defined manoeuvres. More specifically, in 8 countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Croatia, Italy, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden) almost all manoeuvres on motorways and on non -motorways are not defined. The vehicle manoeuvre most frequently associated with fatalities on motorways in the EU countries is driving straight ahead. Table 6: Total number and distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and manoeuvre type, 2013 or latest available year changing over stopped straight U turning lane taking stopping ahead turn other not defined Total BE 0% 4% 1% 26% 1% 0% 64% 4% 94 BG 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 36 CZ 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 25 DK 0% 0% 0% 75% 17% 0% 8% 0% 12 DE 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 428 EE IE 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 80% 20% 5 EL 0% 0% 1% 29% 5% 0% 34% 30% 79 ES 0% 6% 5% 60% 2% 0% 23% 3% 294 FR 1% 7% 3% 48% 16% 0% 11% 14% 238 HR 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 41 IT 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 321 CY 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2 LV LT LU 0% 17% 17% 33% 0% 0% 33% 0% 6 HU 3% 0% 17% 67% 0% 0% 10% 3% 30 MT NL 3% 0% 3% 73% 0% 0% 14% 7% 59 AT 3% 6% 0% 19% 0% 3% 13% 55% 31 PL 0% 5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 90% 5% 40 PT 0% 0% 16% 75% 2% 0% 5% 2% 44 RO 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 17% 83% 24 SI 13% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 38% 50% 16 SK 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 14 FI 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 8 SE 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 21 UK 1% 4% 12% 60% 0% 0% 17% 7% 102 EU % 0,5% 2,4% 2,7% 26,1% 2,6% 0,1% 13,7% 52,1% 100% CH 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

11 More fatalities are associated with stopping manoeuvres on motorways than on the remaining road network. Table 7: Total number and distribution of fatalities on non-motorway road network by country and manoeuvre type, 2013 or latest available year changing overtaking stopping ahead turn other not stopped straight U turning lane defined Total BE 0% 7% 0% 26% 5% 0% 51% 11% 629 BG 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 865 CZ 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 16% 84% 629 DK 1% 0% 7% 70% 9% 0% 12% 1% 179 DE 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% EE IE EL 0% 1% 30% 22% 0% 2% 45% 0% 800 ES 0% 3% 4% 58% 2% 0% 25% 9% FR 1% 4% 0% 46% 25% 0% 16% 7% HR 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 327 IT 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% CY 0% 2% 0% 64% 7% 0% 24% 2% 42 LV LT LU 0% 5% 3% 36% 5% 0% 51% 0% 39 HU 1% 6% 0% 60% 6% 0% 26% 1% 561 MT NL 1% 0% 1% 74% 7% 0% 15% 3% 398 AT 0% 4% 0% 20% 5% 0% 6% 64% 424 PL 0% 3% 0% 0% 1% 0% 86% 10% PT 0% 3% 9% 61% 2% 1% 22% 2% 575 RO 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 35% 65% SI 16% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 58% 27% 109 SK 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 357 FI 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 250 SE 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 227 UK 1% 6% 3% 43% 3% 0% 40% 4% EU % 0,3% 2,3% 0,9% 20,8% 5,0% 0,1% 26,8% 43,9% 100% CH 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

12 Age and Road User Type Table 8 shows the number of fatalities on motorways in 2013 by road user type and age in the EU countries, while Table 9 shows the respective number on non-motorways. Table 8 shows that, of the age groups studied, the highest percentage of fatalities on motorways for drivers, passengers and pedestrians occurred in the age group. Proportionately over twice as many pedestrians are killed on non-motorways as on motorways. Table 8: Total number and distribution of fatalities on motorways by country, road user type and age group, 2013 or latest available year Road User Type Age group Driver Passenger Pedestrian < >64 Total BE 59% 32% 10% 1% 21% 53% 15% 10% 94 BG 47% 50% 3% 8% 19% 64% 8% 0% 36 CZ 68% 24% 8% 8% 8% 56% 24% 4% 25 DK 50% 42% 8% 0% 0% 25% 17% 58% 12 DE 67% 27% 7% 2% 12% 50% 20% 16% 428 EE IE 60% 20% 20% 20% 0% 40% 20% 20% 5 EL 71% 24% 5% 4% 6% 47% 18% 25% 79 ES 56% 25% 19% 4% 8% 44% 26% 19% 294 FR 58% 33% 9% 6% 13% 40% 24% 17% 238 HR 44% 41% 15% 2% 7% 51% 29% 10% 41 IT 56% 37% 7% 3% 7% 46% 23% 20% 321 CY 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 2 LV LT LU 100% 0% 0% 0% 17% 67% 17% 0% 6 HU 40% 47% 13% 7% 3% 50% 33% 7% 30 MT NL 76% 10% 14% 2% 17% 53% 17% 12% 59 AT 58% 29% 13% 0% 10% 42% 29% 19% 31 PL 60% 25% 15% 0% 18% 50% 20% 13% 40 PT 59% 27% 14% 0% 11% 39% 27% 23% 44 RO 29% 46% 25% 8% 13% 63% 8% 8% 24 SI 50% 19% 31% 0% 13% 44% 38% 6% 16 SK 50% 36% 14% 0% 21% 50% 29% 0% 14 FI 25% 50% 25% 0% 13% 50% 13% 25% 8 SE 52% 14% 33% 5% 10% 33% 24% 29% 21 UK 66% 18% 17% 4% 14% 39% 26% 17% 102 EU 59,5% 29,3% 11,2% 3,4% 11,1% 46,6% 22,3% 16,6% CH 74% 22% 4% 9% 13% 57% 4% 17%

13 Table 9 shows that in the EU countries, the highest percentage of fatalities on non-motorway roads was also in the age group. As far as pedestrian fatalities on non-motorway roads are concerned, the highest percentage of fatalities occurred in Romania (39%) and Slovakia (35%). It is noted that the over 65 age group is less involved in motorway fatalities (25,8%) than in motorway fatalities (43,9%). Table 9: Total number and distribution of fatalities on non-motorway road network by country, road user type and age group, 2013 or latest available year Road User Type Age group Total Driver Passenger Pedestrian < >64 BE 73% 12% 14% 4% 16% 43% 15% 23% 629 BG 48% 29% 23% 7% 17% 40% 18% 18% 865 CZ 59% 15% 25% 3% 15% 37% 21% 25% 629 DK 64% 18% 18% 11% 14% 30% 20% 26% 179 DE 69% 10% 20% 5% 15% 27% 18% 35% EE IE 0 EL 66% 16% 18% 5% 14% 36% 17% 28% 800 ES 62% 16% 23% 4% 9% 38% 18% 31% FR 71% 15% 15% 6% 20% 37% 16% 21% HR 60% 20% 19% 6% 17% 34% 22% 22% 327 IT 69% 14% 17% 4% 13% 34% 18% 31% CY 67% 14% 19% 2% 43% 29% 7% 19% 42 LV LT LU 74% 13% 13% 5% 10% 38% 23% 23% 39 HU 56% 19% 25% 3% 9% 38% 26% 24% 561 MT NL 82% 8% 10% 5% 17% 23% 17% 39% 398 AT 72% 9% 18% 6% 13% 32% 18% 32% 424 PL 47% 21% 32% 5% 17% 36% 24% 18% PT 61% 16% 23% 3% 10% 33% 22% 31% 575 RO 39% 22% 39% 6% 12% 38% 22% 23% SI 73% 13% 14% 5% 18% 33% 20% 24% 109 SK 46% 20% 35% 6% 18% 39% 21% 16% 357 FI 72% 16% 13% 7% 14% 30% 20% 28% 250 SE 68% 17% 15% 4% 15% 30% 21% 30% 227 UK 61% 16% 23% 5% 20% 36% 15% 24% EU 61,4% 15,9% 22,7% 4,9% 15,2% 35% 19,1% 25,8% CH 63% 10% 28% 5% 11% 22% 23% 39% 246 The following maps 1 and 2 show the percentage of motorway fatalities by road user type and age group across EU

14 Map 1: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and road user type, 2013 or latest available year

15 Map 2: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and age group, 2013 or latest available year

Figure 6 shows the distribution of fatalities on motorways by age and road user type in the EU in 2013. Only a low percentage of fatalities were pedestrians (9% - 13%, depending on age group).

Figure 6: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by age group and road user type, EU, 2013 or latest available year On motorways, the proportion of drivers fatalities is highest for the 50-64 age

16 Figure 6 shows the distribution of fatalities on motorways by age and road user type in the EU in Only a low percentage of fatalities were pedestrians (9% - 13%, depending on age group). The proportion of driver fatalities on motorways is highest for the age group (68%), followed by the age group (64%). Figure 6: Distribution of fatalities on motorways by age group and road user type, EU, 2013 or latest available year On motorways, the proportion of drivers fatalities is highest for the age group, whereas on the remaining road network it is highest for the age group. Figure 7 shows the distribution for non-motorway roads that corresponds to the motorway distribution of Figure 6. On these roads, the proportion of drivers fatalities is highest in the age group (72%). Young citizens (up to 18 years old) were mostly killed as passengers on nonmotorway roads (42%). Figure 7 also shows that on non-motorway roads, 27% of child fatalities and 41% of elderly fatalities (more than 64 years old) were pedestrians. Figure 7: Distribution of fatalities on non-motorway road network by age group and road user type, EU, 2013 or latest available year

Lighting Conditions Figure 8 shows that, in 2013, more than 46% of the fatalities on motorways in the EU countries occurred in accidents during daylight or twilight.

17 Lighting Conditions Figure 8 shows that, in 2013, more than 46% of the fatalities on motorways in the EU countries occurred in accidents during daylight or twilight. The respective percentage for the remaining road network in the EU appears to be only slightly higher (54%), as also indicated in Figure 8. Note that the high percentage of fatalities for which the lighting condition is not defined means that the actual percentages are rather higher. Figure 8: Distribution of fatalities on motorways and non-motorway road network by lighting conditions, EU, 2013 or latest available year Motorway network Non-motorway network 46% of the fatalities on motorways in the EU countries occurred in accidents in the daylight or twilight. Furthermore, 33% of the fatalities on motorways occurred in darkness, whereas on non-motorway network, the respective percentage is lower, almost 30%. The percentage of not defined fatalities by lighting conditions is lower on non-motorway network (16,4%) than on motorways (20,7%)

18 Day of the week Table 10 shows that in the EU countries in 2013, there is only a slight difference between the percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on the remaining road network on different days of the week. In the EU there is only a slight difference between the percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on the remaining road network on different days of the week. Table 10: Percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on nonmotorway road network by country and day of the week, 2013 or latest available year Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday BE 15% 26% 16% 10% 16% 12% 14% BG 4% 4% 1% 6% 2% 7% 4% CZ 7% 2% 4% 1% 4% 4% 6% DK 14% 8% 25% 4% 0% 0% 0% DE 24% 21% 18% 23% 18% 22% 21% EE IE EL 17% 5% 14% 12% 5% 11% 7% ES 21% 22% 18% 21% 22% 23% 22% FR 10% 8% 6% 5% 8% 10% 8% HR 10% 11% 3% 13% 17% 17% 15% IT 11% 8% 10% 8% 11% 7% 16% CY 0% 20% 0% 0% 0% 17% 0% LV LT LU 18% 20% 0% 0% 0% 33% 0% HU 6% 1% 4% 6% 6% 6% 8% MT NL 27% 5% 14% 12% 20% 14% 16% AT 11% 3% 5% 13% 3% 12% 4% PL 1% 1% 2% 3% 1% 1% 1% PT 6% 11% 7% 10% 3% 11% 4% RO 3% 0% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% SI 11% 7% 8% 20% 11% 18% 29% SK 4% 8% 0% 0% 8% 3% 4% FI 0% 3% 6% 0% 6% 2% 5% SE 12% 27% 6% 5% 3% 19% 5% UK 9% 6% 6% 6% 6% 3% 7% EU 10% 8% 8% 8% 8% 9% 9% CH 0% 6% 3% 11% 7% 20% 19%

19 Seasonality Table 11 shows that in the EU countries, the peak period for fatalities on motorways is July/August (24%). However, the peak periods differ among countries. In the EU, the peak period for fatalities on motorways is July/August (24%). Table 11: Total number and distribution of fatalities on motorways by country and month, 2013 or latest available year Jan/Feb Mar/Apr May/Jun Jul/Aug Sep/Oct Nov/Dec Total BE 14% 23% 11% 22% 14% 16% 94 BG 8% 19% 17% 39% 3% 14% 36 CZ 8% 32% 4% 28% 16% 12% 25 DK 0% 8% 8% 25% 25% 33% 12 DE 11% 14% 21% 22% 16% 15% 428 EE IE 0% 40% 40% 0% 0% 20% 5 EL 15% 10% 8% 39% 13% 15% 79 ES 15% 12% 12% 23% 20% 19% 294 FR 13% 11% 17% 24% 24% 12% 238 HR 5% 5% 15% 20% 29% 27% 41 IT 11% 15% 16% 27% 17% 14% 321 CY 50% 0% 0% 50% 0% 0% 2 LV LT LU 0% 17% 0% 50% 17% 17% 6 HU 7% 17% 7% 40% 20% 10% 30 MT NL 10% 15% 17% 20% 19% 19% 59 AT 6% 13% 29% 19% 16% 16% 31 PL 10% 18% 15% 25% 20% 13% 40 PT 7% 18% 11% 18% 20% 25% 44 RO 17% 8% 17% 38% 8% 13% 24 SI 0% 13% 25% 13% 31% 19% 16 SK 14% 14% 14% 29% 7% 21% 14 FI 0% 13% 25% 13% 13% 38% 8 SE 19% 5% 29% 24% 10% 14% 21 UK 12% 22% 17% 17% 20% 14% 102 EU 12% 15% 16% 24% 18% 16% CH 4% 39% 17% 17% 9% 13% 23 - Table 12 shows that in 2013 the highest percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on non-motorways, in EU, was almost 12% and was recorded in July, whereas the lowest respective percentage (7,5%) was recorded in October. It should be noted that the unknown road network fatalities are not included in the described results

20 Table 12: Percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on nonmotorway road network by country and month, 2013 or latest available year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec The highest percentage of fatalities on motorways per fatalities on non-motorways in the EU countries, in 2013, was 12% (July). BE 20% 9% 16% 19% 13% 10% 20% 23% 11% 11% 14% 13% BG 7% 0% 2% 9% 1% 8% 11% 4% 1% 0% 3% 5% CZ 5% 0% 7% 12% 2% 0% 6% 4% 5% 2% 2% 4% DK 0% 0% 0% 9% 7% 0% 8% 6% 0% 18% 0% 25% DE 15% 27% 22% 22% 19% 34% 20% 22% 16% 19% 18% 21% EE IE EL 15% 6% 8% 6% 8% 3% 10% 24% 8% 5% 3% 19% ES 20% 19% 20% 13% 11% 21% 22% 30% 27% 18% 21% 28% FR 8% 6% 6% 7% 10% 7% 8% 10% 11% 9% 7% 4% HR 5% 8% 4% 6% 3% 17% 8% 15% 18% 13% 33% 19% IT 7% 10% 14% 9% 10% 8% 24% 7% 13% 7% 9% 8% CY 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 50% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% LV LT LU 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 60% 0% 50% 0% 20% 0% HU 6% 0% 10% 5% 4% 0% 6% 14% 9% 2% 4% 2% MT NL 25% 9% 10% 22% 12% 14% 24% 10% 9% 16% 24% 11% AT 7% 0% 4% 10% 18% 8% 9% 2% 7% 6% 13% 6% PL 2% 1% 2% 2% 1% 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 1% 1% PT 5% 0% 7% 19% 7% 4% 4% 9% 0% 16% 15% 9% RO 1% 3% 0% 1% 1% 2% 4% 1% 0% 0% 1% 1% SI 0% 0% 22% 0% 33% 8% 25% 0% 45% 0% 0% 27% SK 3% 4% 11% 0% 0% 8% 11% 0% 0% 2% 2% 9% FI 0% 0% 6% 0% 8% 0% 0% 5% 0% 8% 10% 0% SE 21% 7% 0% 8% 4% 23% 18% 0% 13% 0% 0% 17% UK 2% 10% 7% 11% 8% 3% 5% 6% 5% 8% 5% 4% EU 8,0% 8,0% 9,5% 9,2% 7,9% 9,0% 11,8% 9,6% 8,9% 7,5% 7,7% 8,3% CH 6% 0% 45% 27% 0% 14% 4% 12% 4% 6% 4% 11% Although for 2013 the EU average monthly percentage was between 7,5% and 11,8%, there were considerably higher percentages in some countries in some months. A very high percentage of motorway fatalities occurred in Slovenia in September (45%)

21 Notes 1. Country abbreviations Belgium BE Italy IT Romania RO Bulgaria BG Cyprus CY Slovenia SI Czech Republic CZ Latvia LV Slovakia SK Denmark DK Lithuania LT Finland FI Germany DE Luxembourg LU Sweden SE Estonia EE Hungary HU United Kingdom UK Ireland IE Malta MT Greece EL Netherlands NL Iceland IS Spain ES Austria AT Liechtenstein LI France FR Poland PL Norway NO Croatia HR Portugal PT Switzerland CH 2. Sources: CARE (Community database on road accidents) The full glossary of definitions of variables used in this Report is available at: 3. Data available in May Data refer to 2013 and when not available the latest available data are used (2009 data for BG and EE, 2010 data for MT and SK, and 2012 data for IE). Totals and related average percentages for EU also include latest available data. 5. Data for Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Malta not included in the totals. 6. Data for 2013 for Italy have been modified after the publication of the 2015 edition of Traffic Safety Basic Facts. 7. This 2015 edition of Traffic Safety Basic Facts updates the previous versions produced within the EU co-funded research projects SafetyNet and DaCoTA. 8. Disclaimer This report has been produced by the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), the Austrian Road Safety Board (KFV) and the European Union Road Federation (ERF) under a contract with the European Commission. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the matter presented in this report is relevant, accurate and up-to-date, the Partners cannot accept any liability for any error or omission, or reliance on part or all of the content in another context. Any information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission s behalf may be held responsible for the use that may be made of the information contained therein. 9. Please refer to this Report as follows: European Commission, Traffic Safety Basic Facts on Motorways, European Commission, Directorate General for Transport, June

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Traffic Safety Basic Facts Main Figures. Traffic Safety Basic Facts Traffic Safety. Motorways Basic Facts 2016.

Traffic Safety Basic Facts Main Figures. Traffic Safety Basic Facts Traffic Safety. Motorways Basic Facts 2016. Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2013 - Main Figures Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2015 Traffic Safety Motorways Basic Facts 2016 Motorways General Almost 26.000 people were killed in road accidents on motorways