Latin America and the Caribbean. Risk & Vulnerability Assessment Highlights (2018) Better solutions. Fewer disasters. Safer world.

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1 Better solutions. Fewer disasters. Safer world. Latin America and the Caribbean Risk & Vulnerability Assessment Highlights (2018)

2 Introduction As part of PDC s annual Risk and Vulnerability Analysis update, a region-specific analysis for the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) was conducted and regional ranks for all RVA indices, component indices, sub-component indices, and, where important, indicators were generated. This report highlights the most recent RVA analysis. These results allow for the comparison of the drivers of multi-hazard risk for countries within the Americas and provides the reader with the ability to clearly identify the components, sub-components or indicators responsible for specific scores and rankings. The information presented in this document can be used alone or in conjunction with additional information to examine the conditions underlying disaster risk. For more information or to request more detailed data and analyses please contact: disaster@pdc.org. Authors Joseph Green, PhD PDC RVA Lead Risk and Health Specialist Pacific Disaster Center jgreen@pdc.org PDC LAC Liaison Paulo C. Fernandes Jr. Disaster Services Analyst Pacific Disaster Center pfernandes@pdc.org Cassie Stelow, MS Senior Disaster Services Analyst Pacific Disaster Center cstelow@pdc.org

3 Multi-Hazard Risk The Latin American and Caribbean average Multi-Hazard Risk Index score (0.48) is equal to the global average score (0.48). Ten of the 34 countries within the region have higher than average MHR scores. The Latin Caribbean, Andean and Central American Region have the highest risks. Multi-Hazard than average Multi-Hazard Exposure than average Vulnerability Exposure than average Coping Capacity Vulnerability Lack of Coping Capacity 3

4 Country Name Multi-hazard Risk index Regional Ranking (out of 28*) Global Ranking (out of 165) Change from previous year** Haiti Guatemala Honduras Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Peru Bolivia Jamaica Nicaragua Colombia Venezuela Argentina Belize Guyana Brazil Suriname Antigua & Barbuda Chile St. Lucia Panama Paraguay Costa Rica Grenada Barbados St. Vincent & the Grenadines Trinidad & Tobago Uruguay

5 Vulnerability The LAC average Vulnerability Index score (0.34) is lower than the global average. The highest vulnerability can be found in the Latin Caribbean and Andean regions. Vulnerability in the Region is most significantly driven by: Recent Disaster Impacts Economic Constraints 5

6 Country Name Vulnerability index Regional Ranking (out of 29) Global Ranking (out of 165) Change from previous year* Haiti Guatemala Honduras Bolivia Colombia Ecuador Dominican Republic Nicaragua El Salvador Panama Peru St. Lucia Paraguay Venezuela Brazil St. Vincent & The Grenadines Argentina Jamaica Guyana Antigua & Barbuda Chile Costa Rica Suriname Belize Trinidad & Tobago Grenada Cuba Uruguay Barbados

7 Coping Capacity The LAC region has higher than average Coping Capacity. The lowest Coping Capacity can be found in the Latin Caribbean region of the AOR. Coping Capacity in the LAC is most significantly constrained by: Low Environmental Capacity Low Transportation Capacity 7 *Only includes countries with available coping capacity data. **Region includes Latin American and Caribbean countries.

8 Country Name Coping Capacity index Regional Ranking (out of 30) Global Ranking (out of 173) Change from previous year* Haiti Honduras Venezuela Guatemala Guyana Nicaragua Bolivia El Salvador Paraguay Peru Ecuador Colombia Argentina Belize Dominican Republic Suriname Jamaica Brazil Grenada St. Lucia Panama Trinidad & Tobago Costa Rica St. Vincent & the Grenadines Dominica Uruguay Antigua & Barbuda Barbados Chile

9 Resilience The LAC has lower than average resilience. However, resilience has increased more than the global average over the past 15 years. Since 2000, Resilience has changed: 15% Regionally 2% Globally 9 *Only includes countries with available vulnerability data. **Region includes Latin American and Caribbean countries.

10 Resilience: Examining the Relationship between Coping Capacity and Vulnerability A country s Resilience is a function of its Coping Capacity and Vulnerability. The figure below illustrates the correlation between Coping Capacity and Vulnerability by Resilience grouping (Very High, High, Moderate, Low, Very Low). The comparison shows a strong negative correlation between a country s Coping Capacity and Vulnerability. 10

11 Health Component Indicators PDC s Risk and Vulnerability Assessment contains health-related indicators. Vulnerable Health Status, Health Care Capacity, and Clean Water Access Vulnerability all capture components of overall population health. Vulnerable Health Status in the LAC is lower than the global average. Maternal Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate Life Expectancy Prevalence Undernourished 89.4 deaths per 100,000 births 16 deaths per 1,000 live births 74.2 Years 10.5 % of population under age 5 Clean Water Access Vulnerability in the LAC is lower than the global average. Access to Improved Water Source Access to Improved Sanitation 93.7 % of population 83.5 % of population Health Care Capacity in the LAC Region is lower than the global average Hospital Beds per 10,000 persons Nurses per 10,000 persons 26 per 10,000 persons Physicians 14.2 per 10,000 persons LAC Global Average 11

12 Information Component Indicators PDC s Risk and Vulnerability Assessment contains information-access indicators. These can aid in determining where complex messaging and/or communication may present a challenge. Adult literacy, primary education enrollment, average years of schooling, and internet users per 100 persons all capture the population s ability to receive and process information. Access to Information Vulnerability in the LAC is lower than the Global average. Adult Literacy Rate Gross Enrollment Ratio Mean Years of Schooling 91.8% 80.5% 8.6 Years Internet users 54.3 per 100 Communication Capacity in the LAC is higher than the Global average. Fixed Phone Lines Mobile Phone Subscriptions Secure Internet Servers 18.5 per 100 people per 100 people per 1 million people 12

13 Better solutions. Fewer disasters. Safer World N. Holopono Street, Suite 2 Kihei, Hawaii, Phone: (808) Fax: (808) disaster@pdc.org All rights reserved. Commercial use is permitted only with explicit approval of PDC