International Marking Research and Market Access for Nepalese Products
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1 Training n Internatinal Trading Systems and Trade Develpment Opprtunities in Nepal Internatinal Marking Research and Market Access fr Nepalese Prducts Bijendra Man Shakya bijshakya@htmail.cm Suth Asia Watch n Trade, Ecnmics and Envirnment (SAWTEE) in cperatin with Nepal Ecnmic, Agriculture and Trade (NEAT) Activity 9 February 2012, Gdavari, Lalitpur
2 What, Why and Hw f Internatinal Marketing Research Market Access Barriers Preferential Market Access t Nepalese Exprt Assessment f preferential access Cnclusin Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
3 Internatinal Marketing Research: WHAT? Marketing research Systematic gathering, recrding and analyzing f data & infrmatin Research Objective Sund Marketing Decisins Strategies Design and implement successful marketing prgrammes Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
4 Internatinal Marketing Research: WHY? Envirnmental impact Trade and marketing envirnmental elements Cmpetitive psitin Rivals strategies and psitins Cnsumptin and demand pattern Cnsumer behavir: Cnsumptin pattern, incme and expenditure Demand frecasting Estimatin f future demand and prductin strategy Market access Trade barriers and preferential market access Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
5 Internatinal Marketing Research: HOW? Research prblem & research bjective Surces f Infrmatin Cllectin f data and infrmatin Analysis, interpretatin & presentatin Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
6 Breadth & Scpe General Infrmatin Specific Infrmatin Frecasting Infrmatin Envirnmental Cnditins: Ecnmic Sci-culture Plitical & Legal Market Trends Market Access Fr slving prblems arising in marketing mix Future marketing requirements by anticipating scial, ecnmic and cnsumer trends within specific markets & cuntries Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
7 Crss cmparisn Envirnmental analysis: Ecnmy Sci-cultural Plitical & legal Marketing mix analysis: Prduct develpment Pricing decisins Prmtin and advertisement Distributin Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
8 Market Access: Fair r Fare Tariff Duties impsed at brder Ad valrem Specific Cmpund Retaliatry measures Cuntervailing Anti-dumping Safeguarding Nn-tariff Regulatry barriers Quta VER Rules f rigin Technical/administrative regulatins (Standards, testing & certificatin (Prduct, SPS, Ec-labeling) Prcurement plicy Buy Natinal plicy Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
9 Market Access: Fairer r barrier Tariffs Nn-tariff Decreasing average tariffs Increasing bund tariffs Revenue r prtective mtive Diverse in nature Nn-transparent May verlap with tariffs Difficulty t quantify Difficulty t reciprcate Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
10 Dismantling barriers: Tumbling tariffs, rising nn-tariffs Tumbling tariffs Cnstant reductin in wrld average tariffs Onging tariff reductin negtiatins Remaining tariffs High tariffs Tariff peak Tariff escalatin Preferential tariffs GSP FTA BTA Prhibited NTBs Quantitative restrictins and VER Tarifficatins f NTBs Harmnizatin SPS TBT Cntingency measures Cuntervailing Anti-dumping Safeguarding Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
11 Market access: Preferential Schemes GSP Reduced r zer rate ver MFN Wider cverage and deeper cuts t LDCs Eg. Duty-free access t OECD/Quad cuntries FTA Preferential access t member cuntry markets Eg. SAFTA Bilateral Negtiatin n preferential access n reciprcity r nn reciprcity basis Eg. Nepal-India bilateral trade treaty Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
12 Preferential treatments: Generus t Nepal GSP (Quad) FTA (SAFTA) Bilateral (India) Unilateral Nt bund Nndiscriminatry Nn-reciprcal Divergent Reciprcal Tariff reductin Sensitive list Rules f rigin NTBs Mechanism f cmpensatin Reciprcal n agriculture Nn-reciprcal n industrial prducts Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
13 Quad cuntry privilege: Diverse and disguised Quad cuntry Scheme Cverage Features CANADA Imprved Market Access fr LDCs 2003 All prducts except selected pultry items Duty and quta free, imprved ROO, cumulative system (all beneficiaries) EU EBA 2000 All prducts (gradual reductin in banana, rice & sugar) Duty free, quta free, unlimited perid f time, certainty f market access, relaxed ROO fr T & C JAPAN USA GSP revised scheme GSP LDC status All prducts (mre industrial prducts included) Sensitive items included (textiles, and clthing) Duty free entry, exceptin frm ceiling restrictin CNL, but exceptin t LDCs Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
14 Preferential market access share: In prprtin SAPTA GSP Bilateral treaty with India Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
15 Preferential Access: Bn r bane Blessing in disguise Discretinary in applicatin Cmpetitive edge equal t duty advantage Nt binding: Can be withdrawn Preferential access t industrialized cuntry markets Strict rules f rigin Prduct develpment and market diversificatin Subject t ther cnditins Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
16 Determinants f preferential access: Lst in luster Preference Cverage Preference Utilizatin Preference Margins Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
17 Preferential access benefits: Grabbing pprtunities Extended cverage withut discriminatin Prduct diversificatin fr maximum utilizatin Fcus n existing high tariff items: Larger preference margins Increase the cake size: Specific market prmtin strategy Market intelligence: Prduct, Price, Quality, Market Access, etc. Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
18 Binding cmmitment? Cnclusin Harmnized set f rules f rigin, taking int cnsideratin f industrial status Preference matters! Preference nly means, but nt end! Preferential market access vs Supply-side preference! Thank yu! Bijendra Shakya 9 Feb
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