A multi state initiative to examine workers compensation claims for oil and gas extraction workers Kyla Retzer, NIOSH Kyle Moller, NIOSH

Transcription

1 A multi state initiative to examine workers compensation claims for oil and gas extraction workers Kyla Retzer, NIOSH Kyle Moller, NIOSH

2 Disclaimer The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of NIOSH, CDC. Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

3 Multi state initiative Formed the Oil and Gas Extraction (OGE) Occupational Health Working Group in Composed of state occupational health program managers and occupational epidemiologists.

4 Working group objectives 1. Identify and capture information about OGE worker fatalities in the NIOSH Fatalities in Oil and Gas Database (FOG). 2. Collaborate with industry on safety and health initiatives. 3. Develop state and NIOSH capacity to identify and analyze non fatal illness and injury among OGE workers.

5 Working group objectives 1. Identify and capture information about OGE worker fatalities in the NIOSH Fatalities in Oil and Gas Database (FOG). 2. Collaborate with industry on safety and health initiatives. 3. Develop state and NIOSH capacity to identify and analyze non fatal illness and injury among OGE workers.

6 Research Questions 1. What can we learn about OGE worker nonfatal injury and illness from workers compensation claims data? 2. Can these data be used to guide health and safety programs?

7 Workers Compensation All states require workers compensation (WC) to varying degrees Approximately 90% of workers are covered Texas and Oklahoma allow employers to opt out Typically cover medical costs, lost wages, disability, etc. All states require records submission to a state agency Records can include type of claim, injury codes, and costs.

8 Methods Members requested aggregate reports of workers compensation claims from state agencies during Participating States: AK, CO, LA, MT, NM, TX, OH, WY NAICS codes Oil and Gas Operators (211), Drilling (213111) and Support Activities (213112). Requested medical only, lost time claims, and fatalities.

9 Methods Number of claims by established insurance codes for cause of injury, nature of injury, part of body (WCIO). Cause: the manner in which the injury/illness was produced or inflicted. Nature: physical characteristic(s) of injury/illness. Part of body: directly affected Accepted claims based on Secondary Report of Injury (i.e. payment made) Current analysis focused on lost time claims

10 Participating States Alaska Colorado Louisiana Montana New Mexico Ohio Texas Wyoming * North American Industrial Classification System

11 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Alaska 3 Colorado 3 Louisiana 7 Montana 3 New Mexico 7 Ohio 7 Texas 7 Wyoming 3 * North American Industrial Classification System

12 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Years (2014 X) Alaska Colorado Louisiana Montana New Mexico Ohio Texas (partial) Wyoming * North American Industrial Classification System

13 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Years (2014 X) Medical only claims? Alaska Yes Colorado No Louisiana Yes Montana No New Mexico No Ohio Yes Texas (partial) No Wyoming Yes * North American Industrial Classification System

14 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Years (2014 X) Medical only claims? Losttime claims? Alaska Yes Yes Colorado No Yes Louisiana Yes Yes Montana No Yes New Mexico No Yes Ohio Yes Yes Texas (partial) No Yes Wyoming Yes Yes * North American Industrial Classification System

15 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Years (2014 X) Medical only claims? Losttime claims? Level of NAICS* Alaska Yes Yes 6 digit Colorado No Yes 6 digit Louisiana Yes Yes 6 digit Montana No Yes 6 digit New Mexico No Yes 4 digit (for lost time claims only) Ohio Yes Yes 6 digit Texas (partial) No Yes 4 digit Wyoming Yes Yes 6 digit * North American Industrial Classification System

16 Participating States WC Wait Period (days) Years (2014 X) Medical only claims? Losttime claims? Level of NAICS* Cost data? Alaska Yes Yes 6 digit No Colorado No Yes 6 digit No Louisiana Yes Yes 6 digit No Montana No Yes 6 digit Yes New Mexico No Yes 4 digit (for lost time claims only) Ohio Yes Yes 6 digit No Texas (partial) No Yes 4 digit Yes Wyoming Yes Yes 6 digit No No * North American Industrial Classification System

17 3500 Number of lost time claims by state TX

18 300 Number of lost time claims by state Alaska Colorado Louisiana Montana New Mexico Ohio Wyoming AK CO LA NM WY OH MT

19 Age Group

20 800 Lost Time Claims by Age Group (N=2660) < AK CO LA NM OH WY

21 2,500 Lost Time Claims by Age Group , Texas (N=8,971) 2,000 1,500 1,

22 Company Type

23 Lost time claims by Company Type* (N=2153) Operators 17% Support Activities 67% Drilling Contractors 16% * Participating states: AK, CO, OH, MT, and WY

24 Cause of Injury

25 Lost Time Claims by Cause of Injury* TOP 7, (N=11,522) Strain or Injury By 2616 Fall, Slip or Trip Injury 2362 Struck or Injured By 1822 Miscellaneous Causes 1211 Caught In, Under or Between 1167 Motor Vehicle 1139 Burn or Scald Heat or Cold Exposure Contact With Exposure 381 * Participating states: AK, TX, LA, NM, MT, CO, WY

26 Lost Time Claims by Cause of Injury* TOP 7, (N=11,522) Strain or Injury By 2616 Fall, Slip or Trip Injury 2362 Struck or Injured By 1822 Miscellaneous Causes 1211 Caught In, Under or Between 1167 Motor Vehicle 1139 Burn or Scald Heat or Cold Exposure Contact With Exposure 381 * Participating states: AK, TX, LA, NM, MT, CO, WY

27 "Strain or Injury by" by Type* TOP 7, (Lost Time Claims, N=2,206) Lifting 28.0% Pushing or Pulling 17.3% Twisting Repetitive Motion carpal tunnel syndrome 8.5% 10.6% Using Tool or Machinery 4.3% Holding or Carrying 3.4% Strain or Injury By, NOC 22.6% * Participating states: TX, NM, MT, and CO

28 Fall or Slip Injury by Type*, TOP 7, (Lost Time Claims, N=2,036) On Same Level 23.0% From Different Level (Elevation) 23.0% From Ladder or Scaffolding 7.1% On Stairs 6.4% Slipped, Did Not Fall Into Openings shafts, excavations, floor openings, etc. 5.6% 5.3% Fall, Slip, Trip, NOC 22.1% * Participating states: TX, NM, MT, and CO

29 Motor Vehicle by Type* Lost Time Claims (N=1,016) Collision or Sideswipe with Another Vehicle both vehicles in motion 42.5% Vehicle Upset overturned or jackknifed 20.0% Collision with a Fixed Object standing vehicle or stationary object 7.2% Other/Unknown 0.8% Motor Vehicle, NOC 29.5% * Participating states: TX, NM, MT, and CO

30 Burn or Scald Heat or Cold Exposure by Type* (Lost time Claims, N=326) Chemicals 26.7% Fire or Flame 23.3% Temperature Extremes 11.3% Steam or Hot Fluids 10.1% Electrical Current 7.1% Dust, Gases, Fumes or Vapors 6.7% Contact With, NOC 5.5% * Participating states: TX, NM, MT, and CO

31 Nature of Injury

32 Nature of Injury, Occupational Injuries* TOP 7, Lost time claims (N=9518), Strain 23.8% Fracture breaking of bone or cartilage 20.3% Contusion bruise intact skin, hematoma 10.0% Sprain 8.1% Laceration 6.9% Crushing 3.0% All Other Specific Injuries, NOC 8.5% * Participating states: AK, CO, LA, MT, NM, TX, WY

33 Nature of Injury* Occupational Disease or Cumulative Injury TOP 7, Lost time Claims (N=713), Loss of Hearing 20.1% Dermatitis 9.7% Respiratory Disorders (Gases, Fumes, Chemicals) 8.0% Mental Stress 3.9% Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 2.7% Other/Unknown* 1.8% All Other Cumulative Injuries, NOC 25.9% * Participating states: AK, CO, LA, MT, NM, TX, WT

34 Body Part

35 Part of Body* Lost time claims (N=11,041) Upper Extremities 33.0% Lower Extremities 23.6% Trunk 18.7% Head 7.8% Multiple body parts 6.4% Other/Unknown 5.5% Neck 1.7% * Participating states: AK, CO, LA, MT, NM, TX

36 Part of Body, Upper Extremities* TOP 7, Lost time Claims, (N=3645) Finger(s) other than thumb 28.7% Shoulder(s) Armpit, Rotator Cuff, Trapezius, Clavicle, Scapula 23.3% Hand metacarpals and corresponding muscles 10.5% Lower Arm forearm radius, ulna 6.9% Wrist carpals and corresponding muscles 6.6% Thumb 5.2% Elbow radial head 4.1% * Participating states: AK, CO, MT, NM, TX

37 Cost of Claims: Texas

38 Median cost of most frequent lost time claims (Top 7), Texas, Median Cost Operators Median cost Support Activities 1 Strain or injury by $10,106 $15,574 2 Fall, slip or trip $16,341 $21,300 3 Struck or injured by $9,316 $16,509 4 Miscellaneous causes $8,616 $10,013 5 Caught in, under or between $19,463 $15,443 6 Motor vehicle $20,301 $19,127 7 Burn or scald heat or cold exposure $4,538 $7,232 Data Source: TX Dept. of Insurance Workers Compensation Claims Data Query Tool; includes medical and lost earnings

39 Lost time claims with greatest median cost, OPERATORS (Top 10), Texas, Cause of injury No. of Claims Median Cost Absorption, ingestion or inhalation, NOC 32 $58,261 Foreign matter (body) in eye(s) 10 $43,090 Strain or injury by: holding or carrying 14 $33,187 Slipped, did not fall 21 $30,654 Fall into openings 10 $28,111 Fall from liquid or grease spills 24 $26,850 Collision or sideswipe with another vehicle both vehicles in motion 53 $23,630 Data Source: TX Dept. of Insurance Workers Compensation Claims Data Query Tool; includes medical and lost earnings

40 Lost time claims with greatest median cost, SUPPORT ACTIVITIES, (Top 10), Texas, Cause of injury No. of Claims Median Cost Electrical current 16 $51,465 Robbery or criminal assault 9 $42,299 Strain or injury by: jumping 35 $33,941 Fall or slip from liquid or grease spills 74 $30,719 Struck or injured by motor vehicle 58 $30,259 Fire or flame 55 $29,719 Fall into openings 72 $27,413 Data Source: TX Dept. of Insurance Workers Compensation Claims Data Query Tool; includes medical and lost earnings

41 Do these NAICS codes provide a complete picture of OGE worker claims? Case study in Alaska

42 Methods Keyword search among three string variables. Occupation (14 keywords) Injury narrative (19 keywords) Employer name (3 keywords) Transformed variables to improve search Excluded claims previously identified using NAICS codes to determine if new. Verified claim was from an OGE worker. Included if worked for OGE company or on a well site when injured.

43 Findings (Occupation) Keyword Total Derrick 2 Motorman 1 Roustabout 12 Total 15 No returns for Derick, Drill Oil, Oilfield, Oil Drill, Oil Field, Rig Hand, Rig Operator, Rig Tech, Roughneck, Tool Push, or Well Tend.

44 Findings (Occupation) Keyword Total Identified by NAICS Derrick 2 1 Motorman 1 0 Roustabout 12 7 Total 15 8 No returns for Derick, Drill Oil, Oilfield, Oil Drill, Oil Field, Rig Hand, Rig Operator, Rig Tech, Roughneck, Tool Push, or Well Tend.

45 Findings (Occupation) Keyword Total Identified by NAICS New Derrick Motorman Roustabout Total No returns for Derick, Drill Oil, Oilfield, Oil Drill, Oil Field, Rig Hand, Rig Operator, Rig Tech, Roughneck, Tool Push, or Well Tend.

46 Findings (Occupation) Keyword Total Identified by NAICS New Verified Derrick Motorman Roustabout Total No returns for Derick, Drill Oil, Oilfield, Oil Drill, Oil Field, Rig Hand, Rig Operator, Rig Tech, Roughneck, Tool Push, or Well Tend.

47 Findings (Injury Narrative) Keyword Total Identified by NAICS New Verified Derrick Drilling Rig Oilfield Oil Tank Roustabout Tool Push Total No returns for Derick, Drill Oil, Motorman, Oil Drill, Oil Field, Oil Site, Oil Spill, Produced Water, Rig Hand, Rig Operator, Rig, Tech, Roughneck, or Well Site.

48 Findings (Employer Name) Keyword Total Identified by NAICS New Verified Oilfield Total No returns for Oil Field or Well Services

49 Findings (All Keywords) Employer Injury Occupation Identified by NAICS Not Cases New Cases NAICS Identified: 266 Keyword Identified: 33 (1 Duplicate) 12% Increase

50 Findings (NAICS Codes) NAICS Code Industry Number of Cases Engineering Services Other Scientific and Technical Consulting Services Commercial and Institutional Building Construction Electrical Contractors and Other Wiring Installation Contractors Other Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment Rental Leasing Architectural Services Other Management Consulting Services Environmental Consulting Services 1 2

51 Conclusions

52 Key findings Despite state differences, workers comp data can be used to identify priorities for prevention. Hearing loss and chemical burns identified. Strains, falls/slips/trips, and struck by injuries are most common. Improper lifting is the most common type of strain injuries. Prevention of strain injuries important in reducing claims. Using a NAICS and keyword search could improve case identification.

53 Limitations WC regulations vary by state Who is covered Which injuries qualify Texas does not require insurance Cost data can be heavily skewed Large number of NOC codes Purpose is for insurance, not epidemiology Data is preliminary and subject to change

54 Next steps National Council on Compensation Insurance (NCCI) data set requested and received (uses class codes). Analyze NCCI data set: including medical only claims and costs. Determine best uses for data to guide health and safety programs.

55 Questions? Kyla Retzer, Kyle Moller, Acknowledgements: Meredith Towle (WY), Sandy Lam (NM), Anna Reilly (LA), Julia Brennan (MT), Ketki Patel (TX), Roberta Smith (CO), Steven Naber (OH), Steve Wurzelbacher (NIOSH)

56 Proportion of workers (2017) in NAICS 4 digit 2131 (Support activities for Mining) New Mexico Texas (Drilling oil and gas wells) and (Support activities for oil and gas operations) (Support activities for coal, metal and nonmetal mining) 98.7% 99.7% 1.3%.3% Data source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages