MANUFACTURING COMPETITIVENESS

Transcription

1 THE LOCAL EXPERTS RUSSIA CEE CHINA MIDDLE EAST WESTERN EUROPE INDIA KOREA SOUTH EAST ASIA JAPAN MANUFACTURING COMPETITIVENESS OF INDIAN STATES KNOWLEDGE PAPER ON BEHALF OF MAKE IN INDIA MITTELSTAND (MIIM) BERLIN, SEPTEMBER 2016 EAC- EURO ASIA CONSULTING PARTG MUNICH / SHANGHAI / MUMBAI / MOSCOW EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

2 THE LOCAL EXPERTS RUSSIA CEE CHINA MIDDLE EAST WESTERN EUROPE INDIA KOREA SOUTH EAST ASIA JAPAN CONTENTS A. BACKGROUND: ECONOMIC RATIONAL B. EAC ASSESSMENT OF TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES IN INDIA C. CONCLUSION 2 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

3 INDIAN ECONOMY COMPARISON WITH GLOBAL PEERS India is expected to be the fastest growing economy globally and target is to strengthen the manufacturing share of GDP from current level Japan India China* Korea 3,937 19% % 1,593 16% % 8,349 41% % 1,166 30% % Germany Malaysia 2,774 23% % % 4.4 5% US Indonesia 13% 14, % XX XX% Share of Mfg GVA in GDP GDP in Bln EUR (2015) GDP growth ( ) % 4.9 6% Russia Brazil South Africa Thailand % (1.8) 1.5% % (3.5) 2% % % % % * China s share of 41% is indicative of its industrial (inclusive of mfg., energy etc) GVA share in the country s GDP Source: IMF, World Bank, OECD, EAC Research 3 Developing Asian economies Developed economies Other developing economies EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

4 WHY MANUFACTURING? Indian government targets to create 100 mio new jobs by aggressively promoting manufacturing with a target to increase GDP share of manufacturing to 25% by nd largest population and with the youngest population by % 25% 2 3 >12 mio people entering workforce each year ~68% of youth lives in rural India and majority being fit for low skill work, migrate from rural to urban centres Target GDP Manufacturing share 5 4 Agriculture workforce (~44%) estimated to decline and services to have limited capacity to create/ absorb new jobs Transition needed from services led economy to manufacturing based 6 Only manufacturing sector can create required jobs to empower young Indian population and drive GDP growth 4 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

5 RATIONAL FOR LAUNCH OF MAKE IN INDIA To convert demographic dividend of India to an opportunity, government initiated 3-stage mission of creating new jobs, addressing skill gaps of young India and creating conducive eco-system for investment INITIATIVES BY INDIAN GOVERNMENT Job Creation Skill Creation Investment Ecosystem Target to add 100 mio new jobs by 2022 "MAKE IN INDIA" launched to attract long term FDI in manufacturing "START UP INDIA" launched to Promote Young Entrepreneur's & Technology Innovation "DIGITAL INDIA" to encourage Digitaliization New Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship - skilling 500 mio by 2022 For co-ordinated implementation creation of 3 tier institutional structure of National Skill development agency (NSDA) National Skill development Co-ordination board (NSDCB) National Skill development Corporation (NSDC) Introduction of labour reforms with the intention to club existing 40 laws into 4 5 laws Improve ease of doing business by initiating measurable reforms like getting permits, installation approvals, banking etc. 5 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

6 STATUS-QUO: MANUFACTURING FOOTPRINT The inherent diversity and sheer size of India makes it critical to establish a sound understanding of the country prior to identifying the optimum location for setting up a manufacturing/ service facility Geographically Scattered Manufacturing Locations Strategic Diversity Varied economic activity and demographic dividend Geographically scattered industrial clusters State-wise industrial policies Varying govt. support to promote investments Operational Diversity 5 Major Manufacturing Clusters 13 Minor Manufacturing Clusters 15 Manufacturing Districts Diverse support infrastructure across and within states Varying cost structures (investment and operational) Scattered demand and supply centres Varying government support / competitive trend 6 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

7 THE LOCAL EXPERTS RUSSIA CEE CHINA MIDDLE EAST WESTERN EUROPE INDIA KOREA SOUTH EAST ASIA JAPAN CONTENTS A. BACKGROUND: ECONOMIC RATIONAL B. EAC ASSESSMENT OF TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES IN INDIA C. CONCLUSION 7 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

8 APPROACH FOR SELECTION OF STATES 3 step approach used to select relevant states for study viz. top industrial states basis mfg. metrics, states benefitting out of tax incentives and states focused on specific sectors Step 1 Top 5 states that have developed manufacturing eco-system and power house of manufacturing growth in India 5 states Punjab Himachal Pradesh Haryana Uttarakhand Step 2 Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh States that have developed industrial base on account of special incentives given by central government 2 states Gujarat Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Odisha Bengal Step 3 Karnataka Andhra Pradesh States that have significant contribution to national manufacturing GVA and are focussed on specific sectors 7 states Tamil Nadu Source: EAC research 8 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

9 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES PRIORITIZATION EAC arrived at top 5 manufacturing states based on evaluation of parameters of manufacturing GVA contribution to national level, mfg. GVA share in State GDP and mfg. GVA growth through states and 7 union territories 1) Manufacturing GVA contribution in 1 50% national GVA ( ) Share of manufacturing in SGDP 2 25% ( ) 3 Manufacturing GVA growth % Top 5 manufacturing states Haryana Gujarat Maharashtra Karnataka Tamil Nadu Detailed strategic and operational parameters assessment of selected 5 states 1) Manufacturing GVA contribution considered xx Overall weightage given 9 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

10 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES ASSESSMENT CRITERIA Top 5 states were thoroughly assessed on strategic parameters of manufacturing relevant population, economic growth, education infrastructure, industry ecosystem and government support DEMOGRAPHICS Share of population engaged in factories Share of working population ECONOMIC GROWTH INDICATORS Overall GSDP GSDP growth rate Manufacturing GDP EDUCATION INFRASTRUCTURE Engineering and Polytechnic Institutions Industrial training institute (ITI) / Technical vocational centers INDUSTRY ECOSYSTEM Industry clusters Major industry clusters: State industrial zones, Special economic zones and private industry parks GOVERNMENT SUPPORT AND STABILITY Upcoming infrastructure projects Manufacturing investment plans State government incentives Ease of doing business Political stability/ public unrest 10 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

11 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES ASSESSMENT CRITERIA Furthermore, the top 5 states were assessed for operational parameters including utilities, logistic infrastructure quality, labor availability /quality and standard of living UTILITIES AND SUPPORTING INFRA. Power Water resources Telecom and IT infrastructure Land cost and availability LABOR AVAILABILITY, COST AND QUALITY Labor wages Labor quality and availability Nature of employer-labor relationship Labor productivity ECONOMIC GROWTH INDICATORS Road transport Rail transport Air transport Port infrastructure STANDARD OF LIVING Living conditions Safety (Crime Rate) 11 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

12 Operational Parameters Step 1 and Analysis TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES OVERVIEW RESULTS Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu are most attractive states for manufacturing, Haryana is emerging state for future and Karnataka needs government efforts to live up to promise of the past Utilities and supporting infra Logistic infra Labor availability, cost and quality Standard of living 5 Strong automotive and electronics cluster; Needs to broaden industrial eco-system, and utilities infra. Demographics Economic growth Education infra Note: Bubble size represents relative state manufacturing GVA contribution (%) to nation Strong in biotech, aerospace, and electronics; need to improve utilities, port & rail infrastructure Karnataka Strong cement, automobile and Gujarat leather segments; Tamil Nadu strengthen ease Strong textile /chemical base; Haryana of doing business developing engg; skill, academic & and marketing social conditions needs improvement efforts Strategic Parameters 12 Well established industrial ecosystem; improving cost competitiveness and strengthening skilled labor Maharashtra Industry ecosystem Govt. support and stability EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

13 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT While Maharashtra is the largest economy in India, Gujarat has been one of the fastest growing states; Haryana is an emerging state for the future Maharashtra Gujarat Karnataka Tamil Nadu Haryana Key Sectors Automotive Pharma Biotechnology Chemicals Gems & jewelry Textiles Pharma Chemicals Petrochemicals Gems & jewelry BIo-technology Electronic hardware Aerospace Automotive Automotive Electronics Cement Textiles Leather Automotive Medical equipment Footwear Food processing Mfg. GVA CAGR (%) FY12-FY Mfg. GVA (bln EUR) GSDP 1) (bln EUR) Contribution of GSDP to GDP (%) Key Supporting Bodies 1) Gross State Domestic Product Source: MOSPI, EAC Research Comparison of GSDP Vs. Mfg. GVA High Similar Low 13 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

14 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT With a longstanding and well established industrial base, Maharashtra leads the pack in strategic as well as operational parameters Strategic Parameters Operational Parameters Maharashtra Gujarat Karnataka Tamil Nadu Haryana 2 Maharashtra Gujarat Karnataka Tamil Nadu Haryana Demographics Education infra. Govt. support and stability Economic growth Industry ecosystem Utilities and supporting infra. Labour availability, cost and quality Logistic infra. Standard of living and Analysis 14 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

15 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES MAHARASHTRA Maharashtra has a well established industrial base that is spread across the state; however majority of the development has been around the Mumbai and Pune regions Aurangabad Ahmednagar Nashik Nagpur Wardha ~38% of India s automobile output by value in 2013 Over 17% of India s chemical revenue with over 1800 units Thane Mumbai Pune Raigad Ratnagiri Kolhapur Auto & ancillary Textiles Districts with single industry focus Chemical Hubs Latur Osmanabad Solapur Sangli Districts with multi-industry focus Food Processing Hubs 15 Nanded Attracted ~15 Bln EUR FDI from 1991 with over 16,500 small scale and 322 large scale units Largest employer with 14 integrated textile parks and 10 new mega textile hubs planned Plans to build sound industrial ecosystem around DMIC corridor and MIHAN (multi-modal international cargo hub and airport Nagpur) project EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

16 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES GUJARAT Gujarat accounts for major share in India s production and exports of Chemical, Pharma, Textile, Jewelry; targets to be major hub for Auto by 2018; Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat among key industrial areas Mehsana Kutch Surendranagar Rajkot Jamnagar Bharuch Sabarkanta Panchmahal Ahmedabad Anand Vadodara Contributes 65% of denim production; has presence of ~1500 medium to large textile units Accounts for 9% of India s engineering output Emerging as key destination for auto Sector; targeting 10% output from by 2020 Accounts for 62% of India s petrochem. production, and 18% of chemical exports Junagad Bhavnagar Valsad Auto & ancillary Textiles Chemical Hubs Engineering Medical Equipment Districts with single industry focus Districts with multi-industry focus Surat Navsari One of the largest medical eqpt. mfg. cluster with over 55% of India s cardiac stents Developing 7 Special Investment Regions for industrial activity by 2020; Additionally 4 industrial areas and 2 investment regions will be developed as a part of DMIC project 16 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

17 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES KARNATAKA Karnataka commands major share of India s output in Biotech, Aerospace, Automotive, Electronics sector; Bengaluru is a key industry hub with an established ecosystem for multiple sectors Preferred choice for global players in aerospace R&D, producing >25% of India s aircrafts and space crafts; India s first aerospace SEZ in Belgaum Hukeri Mangalore Dodaballapura Narsapur, Vemagal Bengaluru Mfg. hub for automotive major companies. Honda s largest two wheeler manufacturing plant globally is coming up in Narsapur, Kolar district Estimated Machine tools manufacturing potential of 480 mio EUR Estimated production of electronic hardware of 38 bln EUR with 29 bln EUR exports in ; 120 companies engaged in chip design; Bengaluru is a hub for R&D in the software industry Auto & ancillary Machine Tools Chemical Hubs Electronics Districts with single industry focus Aerospace and Industry Textile Districts with multi-industry focus 17 Developing two industrial parks at Vasanthanarasapura industrial area and Chennai- Bengaluru Industrial Corridor; Mumbai-Bengaluru Economic Corridor still in planning stage EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

18 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES TAMIL NADU Tamil Nadu is the 2nd largest producer of cement; contributes ~20% and ~60% share in India s automobile and leather production, respectively; textile, electronics are amongst the major industries in the state Chennai Kancheepuram Erode Coimbatore Tiruppur Vellore Salem Tiruchirappalli Chennai has an installed capacity to produce ~380 thsd cars and ~350 CVs each year; ~20% of India s total installed capacity of vehicle prodn. Chennai has emerged as the largest electronic hardware manufacturing and exporting hub in India Vellore accounts for ~37 % of leather exports; the state has ~60% of leather production in the country Dindigul Madurai Karur Kanniyakumari Thoothukudi Auto & ancillary Petrochemical Textiles Electronics & hardware Agro based Leather Chemical Metal Mining Districts with single industry focus Districts with multi-industry focus 18 The knitwear industry of Tirupur contributes to ~80% of the exports in the textile sector Developing a 4th major port in the state with an investment of ~3.6 bln EUR and an Integrated Aerospace and Logistics park by TIDCO with an investment of ~700 mio EUR EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

19 Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES HARYANA Haryana has the largest automobile and electronics manufacturing cluster in India, followed by textile and footwear & accessories manufacturing hub having presence of large scale companies Ambala Hisar Rohtak Gurgaon Panchkula Panipat Sonipat Jhajjar Faridabad Produces 50% of the passenger vehicles; 39% of India s 2-wheelers With more than 450 chemical factories, the sector registered a growth of ~5% pa Second largest contributor of food-grains to the national pool 10 notified brownfield EMC, with presence of leading industry players Exports readymade garments of around 1.2 bln EUR annually Rewari Auto & ancillary Chemical Hubs Food Processing Hubs Textiles Electronics Mfg. Cluster Districts with single industry focus Districts with multi-industry focus 19 Near 2/3rd of the state falls within the DMIC subregion resulting in 4 proposed indl. nodes; ultramodern aviation hub and integrated logistics hub to be developed EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

20 Tamil Nadu Haryana Maharashtra Gujarat Karnataka Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES KEY INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS Significant infrastructure development expected in the major industrial states; additionally new industrial areas are planned to be developed as part of various proposed industrial corridors UPCOMING INFRA. LOCATIONS 20 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

21 High Incentives for investment Low Step 1 TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES LAND COSTS There is a considerable variance in land costs across top industrial states; the focus is on promoting development in the lesser developed regions by offering land at lower prices and higher incentives INDUSTRIAL ZONE CLASSIFICATION Fully developed Highly developed Medium developed Low development Underdeveloped No development MAHARASTRA GUJARAT KARNATAKA TAMILNADU HARYANA Note: All values in EUR/ Sq. m. Source: State IDCs, EAC Research 21 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

22 Step 2 STEP 2 INCENTIVE BASED MANUFACTURING STATES Step 2 identified states that have developed manufacturing due to central tax incentive schemes Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand States that have developed industrial base on account of special incentives from central government Step 2 EAC has studied these states to gain perspective on sustainability of incentive based model in future 22 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

23 Step 2 SPECIAL INCENTIVE RECIPIENT STATES COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT Logistically challenged Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand have special incentive schemes from central and state governments to promote industrialization; schemes to expire by 2017/ 20 Rationale Incentive Scheme Industrialization of backward, hilly terrain states utilizing local resources Local employment generation Capital subsidy Interest subsidy Power subsidy VAT reimbursement State transport subsidy Central and state governments have periodically revised industrial policies to promote development GSDP (bln EUR) STATE PROFILE: UTTARAKHAND STATE PROFILE: HIMACHAL PRADESH Share of Mfg. GVA 13% 29% 12% 17% Contribution to Indian Mfg. GDP Cumulative Investment Implementation 1) Industrial Entrepreneur Memorandum Note: GSDP values at constant prices Source: MOSPI, EAC Research % 8% 0.6% 0.9% IEMs 1) implemented (nos) Investment (bln EUR) 23 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

24 Step 2 SPECIAL INCENTIVE RECIPIENT STATES FUTURE ATTRACTIVENESS Possible phase out of tax incentives by 2020, long term labor availability issues and logistic constraints impacts attractiveness of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand as sustainable manufacturing destinations LABOR AVAILABILITY LOGISTIC CONSTRAINTS Major shortage of semi-skilled and skilled labor, high attrition in both states are key concerns for industries National Skills Development Cell estimates double digit shortage in long term availability of labor Dependence on single national highway for all logistical needs increased cost of transportation Central Transport Subsidy to get over by 2017 increased cost for FMCG, pharma, auto industry TAX SOPS WITHDRAWAL Unclear on extension of Central Industrial Policy 2003 and state incentives beyond 2020 Likely implementation of GST might phase out of area based tax incentives Hilly state doesn t have a good network of roads, the company has been facing a 2% logistical disadvantage Leading Equipment Manufacturer Company will shift its manufacturing location to other states after withdrawal of tax sops; logistic constraints and costs make operations unviable Leading Automotive Co. Phase out of tax sops to result in 1% impact on margins Leading Eqpt. Mfr. FMCG, pharma industry currently expanding into states like Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat which offer better infrastructure, labor availability 1) Goods and Service Tax 24 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

25 Step 3 STEP 3 SECTOR SPECIFIC MANUFACTURING STATES Step 3 identified states with high contribution of manufacturing in national GDP and sector specific specializations Punjab Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Punjab Uttar Pradesh Bengal Step 3 Madhya Pradesh Bengal Odisha Andhra Pradesh Rajasthan Orissa Madhya Pradesh Andhra Pradesh States with significant share in Indian manufacturing GVA and specialize in specific sectors EAC has studied these states to understand strengths of states specializing in specific sectors 25 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

26 Step 3 STATES FOCUSED ON SPECIFIC SECTORS COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT Sector focus states such as Punjab and Odisha have manufacturing share to GSDP of >13% and Rajasthan, MP and UP of ~12% while Bengal and AP has share of ~10% Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh Odisha Andhra Pradesh Key Sectors Mining Cement Food processing Renewable energy Cement Food processing Auto (tyres) Mining Food processing Auto Fisheries Mining Textile Leather Gas production Mfg. GVA CAGR (%) FY12-FY Mfg. GVA (bln EUR) GSDP 1) (bln EUR) Contribution of GSDP to GDP (%) Key Supporting Bodies 1) Gross State Domestic Product Source: MOSPI, EAC Research Comparison of GSDP Vs. Mfg. GVA High Similar Low 26 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

27 Step 3 STATES FOCUSED ON SPECIFIC SECTORS COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT Sector focus states such as Punjab and Odisha have manufacturing share to GSDP of >13% and Rajasthan, MP and UP of ~12% while Bengal and AP has share of ~10% Punjab Uttar Pradesh Bengal Key Sectors Auto ancillary Bicycle Food processing Textile and machinery Fertilizers Engineering Food processing Footwear Electronics Leather Food processing Petrochemical Mining Steel/Engineering Mfg. GVA CAGR (%) FY12-FY Mfg. GVA (bln EUR) GSDP 1) (bln EUR) Contribution of GSDP to GDP (%) Key Supporting Bodies Source: MOSPI, EAC Research 27 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

28 THE LOCAL EXPERTS RUSSIA CEE CHINA MIDDLE EAST WESTERN EUROPE INDIA KOREA SOUTH EAST ASIA JAPAN CONTENTS A. BACKGROUND OF THE PAPER B. OVERVIEW OF THE TOP INDUSTRIAL STATES IN INDIA C. CONCLUSION 28 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

29 Qualitative paramteres LOCATION ASSESSMENT THE METHODOLOGY Location assessment is a methodical process involving a bottom-up approach for arriving at suitable criteria for assessment followed by a step-wise filtration process to finally arrive at the best-fit location Methodology to choose most suitable plant location from - 29 states- >650 districts- multiple industrial centres To select Right State Presence of relevant infrastructure, talent pool, pro investment policies, demand/supply centres To select Right Industrial Center Plot availability, development status ease of compliance, relevant industry base, local issues Ahmedabad Vadodara Mumbai Jaipur NCR Region Nashik Pune Bangalore Pithampur- Dhar region Nagpur Hyderabad Chennai To select Right State State GDP, FDI inflows, infrastructure cost, labour cost, connectivity, tax incentives etc. To select Right Industrial Center Cost of plots, zonal incentives, cost of utilities, distance from customers- ports- suppliers, logistics cost, labour cost Quantitative paramteres Hosur Location assessment in India requires two folded approach of qualitative and quantitative parameters at each step from filtering state, industrial centre to plot Conventional industrial centers Emerging industrial centers 29 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th

30 WHERE YOU CAN FIND US EAC AROUND THE GLOBE EAC HEADQUARTERS MUNICH EAC - Euro Asia Consulting PartG Heimeranstrasse München eac-muc@eac-consulting.de EAC OFFICE SHANGHAI EAC - Euro Asia Consulting Sunyoung Centre, Rm Jiangsu Road Shanghai/ China eac-sha@eac-consulting.de EAC OFFICE MUMBAI EAC - Euro Asia Consulting Pvt. Ltd Peninsula Plaza A/16, Veera Industrial Estate Andheri (West), Mumbai / India eac-mum@eac-consulting.de EAC OFFICE MOSCOW EAC - Euro Asia Consulting OOO Melnitskiy Per Moscow / Russia eac-mos@eac-consulting.de 30 EAC - MIIM I Overview on Top Industrial States in India I September 27 th