Georgian Oil and Gas Corporation LLC. Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2009

Transcription

1 Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended 31 December 2009

2 Contents Independent Auditors Report Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 5 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 6 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 7 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 8 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 9

3 ABCD KPMG Armenia cjsc 8 th floor, Erebuni Plaza Business Center, 26/1 Vazgen Sargsyan Street Yerevan 0010, Armenia Telephone (10) Fax (10) Internet Independent Auditors Report To the Board of Directors of We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Georgian Oil and Gas Corporation LLC (the Company ) and its subsidiaries (the Group ), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at 31 December 2009, 31 December 2008 and 1 January 2008, and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years ended 31 December 2009 and 31 December 2008, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes. Management s Responsibility for the Сonsolidated Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. This responsibility includes: designing, implementing and maintaining internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatements, whether due to fraud or error; selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies; and making accounting estimates that are reasonable in the circumstances. Auditors Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting principles used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. KPMG Armenia cjsc, a company incorporated under the Laws of the Republic of Armenia, a subsidiary of KPMG Europe LLP, and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative ( KPMG International ), a Swiss entity

4 Independent auditors report Page 2 4

5 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December GEL Note January 2008 ASSETS Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment , , ,461 Intangible assets ,454 5,964 Prepayments for non-current assets - 9,627 - Deferred tax assets 13 4,116 3,366 3,525 Other assets 99 1,518 2,422 Total non-current assets 201, , ,372 Current assets Inventories 14 20,957 12,168 9,880 Value added tax recoverable 29,727 19,985 16,523 Prepayments for current assets and expenses 20,710 13,449 8,469 Trade and other receivables 15 87, ,321 57,407 Cash and cash equivalents 16 8,180 16,972 31,913 Total current assets 166, , ,192 Total assets 368, , ,564 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Equity 17 Charter capital 194, , ,684 Additional paid in capital 52,311 25,415 9,355 Fair value adjustment reserve for non-cash owner contributions (31,168) (12,261) - Retained earnings (29,937) 12,677 15,018 Total equity 185, , ,057 Non-current liabilities Government grant 18 9,297 8,300 12,767 Restructured tax liabilities 18 28,201 31,465 30,848 Loans and borrowings 19 86, ,414 96,031 Deferred tax liabilities 13 1,785 12,160 17,009 Total non-current liabilities 125, , ,655 Current liabilities Government grant 18 2,413 4,467 4,022 Restructured tax liabilities 18 7,353 3,405 - Loans and borrowings 19 28,735 55,448 41,351 Trade and other payables 20 4,694 33,248 33,781 Current tax liabilities 11,913 6,917 8,707 Other taxes payable 1,726 1,797 1,991 Total current liabilities 56, ,282 89,852 Total liabilities 182, , ,507 Total equity and liabilities 368, , ,564 5 The consolidated statement of financial position is to be read in conjunction with the notes to, and forming part of, the consolidated financial statements set out on pages 9 to 43.

6 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 December GEL Note Revenue 5 171, ,735 Cost of gas and oil 6 (73,250) (290,063) Depreciation and amortisation (24,369) (24,405) Personnel costs (13,249) (14,691) Taxes, other than on income (3,261) (3,510) Impairment of property, plant and equipment 11 (75,909) - Other expenses 7 (11,800) (14,286) Other income 8 26,243 19,212 Results from operating activities (4,230) 32,992 Impairment loss on trade receivables 21(b) (17,954) (14,820) Net foreign exchange income 955 6,223 Interest income 650 2,290 Interest expense 9 (22,315) (23,832) (Loss)/profit before income tax (42,894) 2,853 Income tax benefit/(expense) 10 5,630 (1,495) (Loss)/profit and total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year (37,264) 1,358 6 The consolidated statement of comprehensive income is to be read in conjunction with the notes to, and forming part of, the consolidated financial statements set out on pages 9 to 43.

7 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 31 December GEL Charter capital Fair value adjustment reserve for non-cash owner contributions Additional paid in capital Retained earnings Total Balance at 1 January ,684-9,355 15, ,057 Total comprehensive income for the year Profit for the year ,358 1,358 Contributions by and distributions to owners Increase in additional paid in capital, net of tax of GEL 2,834 thousand (see note 23 (c)) ,060-16,060 Distributions of non-cash assets, net of tax of GEL 653 thousand (see note 11) (3,699) (3,699) Increase in charter capital (see note 11) 23, ,457 Fair value adjustment of non-cash owner contributions, net of tax of GEL 2,164 thousand (see note 11) - (12,261) - - (12,261) Balance at 31 December ,141 (12,261) 25,415 12, ,972 Balance at 1 January ,141 (12,261) 25,415 12, ,972 Total comprehensive loss for the year Loss for the year (37,264) (37,264) Contributions by and distributions to owners Increase in additional paid in capital, net of tax of GEL 4,747 thousand (see note 23 (c)) ,896-26,896 Distributions of non-cash assets, net of tax of GEL 180 thousand (see notes 11 and 12) (5,350) (5,350) Increase in charter capital (see note 11) 31, ,230 Decrease in charter capital (see note 11) (3,103) (3,103) Fair value adjustment of non-cash owner contributions, net of tax of GEL 3,336 thousand (see note 11) - (18,907) - - (18,907) Balance at 31 December ,268 (31,168) 52,311 (29,937) 185,474 The consolidated statement of changes in equity is to be read in conjunction with the notes to, and forming part of, the consolidated financial statements set out on pages 9 to 43. 7

8 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 31 December GEL Note Cash flows from operating activities (Loss)/profit before income tax (42,894) 2,853 Adjustments for: Depreciation and amortisation 24,369 24,405 Impairment loss on trade receivables 17,954 14,820 Impairment of property, plant and equipment 75,909 - Interest expense 22,315 23,832 Amortisation of government grant (1,239) (4,022) Other 1,601 - Cash flows from operating activities before changes in working capital 98,015 61,888 Change in inventories (8,789) (2,288) Change in trade and other receivables 8,237 (70,734) Change in prepayments for current assets and expenses (7,261) (4,980) Change in value added tax recoverable (9,742) (3,462) Change in trade and other payables (28,554) 4,083 Change in restructured tax liabilities and other taxes payable (3,845) (194) Cash flows from/(used in) operations before income taxes and interest paid 48,061 (15,687) Income tax paid (1,730) (7,992) Interest paid (10,535) (4,002) Net cash from/(used in) operating activities 35,796 (27,681) Cash flows from investing activities Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (16,435) (20,807) Acquisition of intangible assets - (20) Net cash used in investing activities (16,435) (20,827) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from borrowings 15,000 35,510 Repayment of borrowings (43,153) (1,943) Net cash (used in)/from financing activities (28,153) 33,567 Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (8,792) (14,941) Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 16,972 31,913 Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 16 8,180 16,972 The consolidated statement of cash flows is to be read in conjunction with the notes to, and forming part of, the consolidated financial statements set out on pages 9 to 43. 8

9 1 Background (a) Business environment Georgian business environment Georgia has been experiencing political and economic change that has affected, and may continue to affect, the activities of enterprises operating in this environment. The conflict between Georgia and the Russian Federation has created additional uncertainty. The Group s operations and assets could be at risk as a result of negative changes in the political, economic or business environment within Georgia and between Georgia and the Russian Federation. Consequently, operations in Georgia involve risks that typically do not exist in other markets. In addition, the contraction in the capital and credit markets and its impact on the economy of Georgia have further increased the level of economic uncertainty in the environment. These consolidated financial statements reflect management s assessment of the impact of the Georgian business environment on the operations and the financial position of the Group. The future business environment may differ from management s assessment. (b) Organisation and operations (the Company ) and its subsidiaries (the Group ) comprise Georgian Limited Liability Companies as defined in the the Law of Georgia on Entrepreneurs. The Company was established as a 100% state-owned enterprise by the order of the Ministry of Economy of Georgia, on 21 March 2006 on the basis of three Georgian state-owned companies: Georgian International Oil Corporation JSC, Georgian Gas International Corporation JSC and Teleti Oil Company JSC. In 2006 and 2007 respectively Georgian International Oil Corporation JSC and Georgian Gas International Corporation JSC ceased legal existence and the assets and liabilities were transferred to the Company. In November 2007 the shares in Teleti Oil Company JSC were taken over by the Government of Georgia. Related party transactions are detailed in note 23. The Company s registered office is 21 Kakheti Highway, Tbilisi 0190, Georgia. The Group s principal activities are the import and sales of gas, the operation of transitory gas pipelines in the territory of Georgia and transit of the gas to the Republic of Armenia and oil and gas exploration and extraction in the territory of Georgia. The Company has also been granted the status of the National Oil Company in December 2006 by Presidential decree number 736 and it acts on behalf of the State of Georgia, receives and disposes of the State s share of extracted oil and gas produced by contractors in the territory of Georgia in accordance with the Law of Georgia on Oil and Gas and production sharing agreements signed between the State and the contractors. The Group has not recognised intangible asset for this right as the Group does not control the right. 9

10 2 Basis of preparation (a) Statement of compliance These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRSs ). These are the Group s first consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRSs and IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards has been applied. An explanation of how the transition to IFRSs has affected the reported financial position of the Group is provided in note 26. (b) Basis of measurement The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis. (c) Functional and presentation currency The national currency of Georgia is the Georgian Lari ( GEL ), which is the Company s functional currency and the currency in which these consolidated financial statements are presented. All financial information presented in GEL has been rounded to the nearest thousand. (d) Use of estimates and judgments The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRSs requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected. Information about critical judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements is included in the following notes: Note 18 Restructured tax liabilities and government grant determination of fair value of the restructured debt and accounting of the government grant; Note 23(c) Related party loans received determination of fair value of loans at initial recognition. Information about assumptions and estimation uncertainties that have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment within the next financial year is included in the following notes: Note 2(e) Oil and gas reserves; Note 11 Property, plant and equipment determination of deemed cost and impairment; Note 21(b) Credit risk impairment of trade and other receivables; Note 22 Contingencies environmental matters and litigation. 10

11 (e) Oil and gas reserves There are a number of uncertainties in estimating quantities of oil and gas reserves, including many factors beyond the control of the Group. Oil and gas reserve estimates are based upon engineering evaluations of assay values derived from samplings of drill holes and other openings. Additionally, declines in the market price of oil and gas may render certain reserves containing relatively lower contents uneconomic to produce. Further, availability of operating and environmental permits, changes in operating and capital costs, and other factors could materially affect the Group s oil and gas reserve estimates. The Group uses the above estimates in evaluating the impairment of property, plant and equipment and extraction licences and rights. 3 Significant accounting policies The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements and in preparing the opening consolidated IFRS statement of financial position as at 1 January 2008 for the purposes of the transition to IFRSs, unless otherwise indicated. The accounting policies have been applied consistently by Group entities. In preparing these consolidated financial statements the Group elected to apply the optional exemption to capitalize borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset as part of the cost of that asset which relate to qualifying assets for which the commencement date for capitalisation is on or after 1 January In 2008 the Group immediately recognised all borrowing costs as an expense. (a) (i) Basis of consolidation Subsidiaries Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. The accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed when necessary to align them with the policies adopted by the Group. (ii) Transactions eliminated on consolidation Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements. (b) Foreign currency transactions Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the respective functional currencies of Group entities at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are retranslated to the functional currency at the exchange rate at that date. The foreign currency gain or loss on monetary items is the difference between amortised cost in the functional currency at the beginning of the period, adjusted for effective interest and payments during the period, and the amortised cost in foreign currency translated at the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period. Foreign currency differences arising in retranslation are recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. 11

12 (c) Financial instruments Financial instruments comprise trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables. Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount presented in the statement of financial position when, and only when, the Group has a legal right to offset the amounts and intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. (i) Non-derivative financial assets The Group initially recognises loans and receivables and cash and cash equivalents on the date that they are originated. The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or it transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows on the financial asset in a transaction in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset are transferred. Any interest in transferred financial assets that is created or retained by the Group is recognised as a separate asset or liability. The Group s financial assets are loans and receivables. Loans and receivables are financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Such assets are recognised initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition loans and receivables are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment losses. Loans and receivables comprise trade and other receivables. Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits with original maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows. (ii) Non-derivative financial liabilities Financial liabilities are recognised initially on the trade date at which the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. The Group derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled or expire. A substantial modification of the terms of an existing financial liability or a part of it (whether or not attributable to the financial difficulty of the debtor) is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The terms are considered substantially different if the discounted present value of the cash flows under the new terms, including any fees paid net of any fees received and discounted using the original effective interest rate, is at least 10 per cent different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original financial liability. The Group has the following financial liabilities: loans and borrowings and trade and other payables. Such financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value plus any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition these financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 12

13 (d) Charter capital Charter capital is classified as equity. Reduction of charter capital Charter capital reductions and non-cash distributions are recognised at the carrying amount of the assets distributed. Increase of charter capital When charter capital is increased, any difference between the registered amount of charter capital and the fair value of the assets contributed is recognised as a separate component of equity as fair value adjustment reserve for non-cash owner contributions. (e) (i) Property, plant and equipment Recognition and measurement Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Property, plant and equipment contributed by the shareholder are initially measured at fair value. The cost of property, plant and equipment at the date of adopting IFRS, 1 January 2008, was determined by reference to its fair value at that date ( deemed cost ). Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials and direct labour, any other costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to a working condition for their intended use, the costs of dismantling and removing the items and restoring the site on which they are located, and borrowing costs on qualifying assets for which the commencement date for capitalisation is on or after 1 January Purchased software that is integral to the functionality of the related equipment is capitalised as part of that equipment. When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. Gains and losses on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment, and are recognised net within other income in profit or loss. (ii) Subsequent costs The cost of replacing part of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in the carrying amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to the Group and its cost can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. 13

14 (iii) Depreciation Depreciation is calculated over the depreciable amount, which is the cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value. Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment, since this most closely reflects the expected pattern of consumption of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset. Land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows: gas and oil pipelines 5-34 years buildings 6-35 years oil wells 4-9 years plant and equipment 2-14 years other 1-6 years Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted if appropriate. (f) Intangible assets Intangible assets that are acquired by the Group, which have finite useful lives, are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. (i) Subsequent expenditure Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in the profit or loss as incurred. (ii) Amortisation Amortisation is calculated over the cost of the asset, or other amount substituted for cost, less its residual value. Amortisation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets from the date that they are available for use since this most closely reflects the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset. The estimated useful lives for the current and comparative periods are as follows: extraction licence and rights term of the licence other 5-7 years Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each financial year end and adjusted if appropriate. 14

15 (g) Inventories Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. The cost of inventories is based on the first-in first-out principle, and includes expenditure incurred in acquiring the inventories, production or conversion costs and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location and condition. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. (h) (i) Impairment Financial assets A financial asset is assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is impaired if objective evidence indicates that a loss event has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset, and that the loss event had a negative effect on the estimated future cash flows of that asset that can be estimated reliably. Objective evidence that financial assets are impaired can include default or delinquency by a debtor, restructuring of an amount due to the Group on terms that the Group would not consider otherwise, indications that a debtor or issuer will enter bankruptcy, the disappearance of an active market for a security. The Group considers evidence of impairment for receivables at both a specific asset and collective level. All individually significant receivables are assessed for specific impairment. All individually significant receivables found not to be specifically impaired are then collectively assessed for any impairment that has been incurred but not yet identified. Receivables that are not individually significant are collectively assessed for impairment by grouping together receivables with similar risk characteristics. In assessing collective impairment the Group uses historical trends of the probability of default, timing of recoveries and the amount of loss incurred, adjusted for management s judgement as to whether current economic and credit conditions are such that the actual losses are likely to be greater or less than suggested by historical trends. An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference between its carrying amount, and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the asset s original effective interest rate. Losses are recognised in profit or loss and reflected in an allowance account against receivables. Interest on the impaired asset continues to be recognised through the unwinding of the discount. When a subsequent event causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss. (ii) Non-financial assets The carrying amounts of the Group s non-financial assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, then the asset s recoverable amount is estimated. For goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite lives or that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is estimated each year at the same time. 15

16 The recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or groups of assets (the cash-generating unit ). An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or its cash-generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash-generating units are allocated to reduce the carrying amount of the assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro rata basis. An impairment losses recognised in prior periods are assessed at each reporting date for any indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. (i) Employee benefits Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profitsharing plans if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee, and the obligation can be estimated reliably. (j) Provisions A provision is recognised if, as a result of a past event, the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation that can be estimated reliably, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as finance cost. (k) (i) Revenue Sale of gas and oil Revenue from the sale of gas and oil is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of returns, trade discounts and volume rebates. Revenue is recognised when persuasive evidence exists, usually in the form of an executed sales agreement, that the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer, recovery of the consideration is probable, the associated costs and possible return of goods can be estimated reliably, and there is no continuing management involvement with the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably. If it is probable that discounts will be granted and the amount can be measured reliably, then the discount is recognised as a reduction of revenue as the sales are recognised. 16

17 The timing of the transfers of risks and rewards varies depending on the individual terms of the contract of sale. For sales of gas, the sale is recognised on the basis of metered usage of gas by customers. For sales of oil, transfer occurs upon loading the product onto the relevant carriers, inspection by an independent inspector and sealing of carriers based on FCA (Incoterms 2000) at Vaziani or Supsa stations (Georgia) terms. The seller is responsible for delivery of goods to the named points, uploading goods to the buyer s wagons and customs registration. (ii) Services Revenue from services rendered is recognised in profit or loss in proportion to the stage of completion of the transaction at the reporting date. The stage of completion is assessed by reference to surveys of work performed. Gas and oil transportation fees received in cash are recognised on the basis of the metered gas and oil transferred through the pipelines at the contract rate for cubic meters of gas and barrels of oil. Gas transportation fees received in the form of gas is measured at the sales price of that gas to other parties. (iii) Government grants Government grants are recognised initially as deferred income when there is reasonable assurance that they will be received and that the Group will comply with the conditions associated with the grant. Grants that compensate the Group for expenses incurred are recognised in profit or loss as other income on a systematic basis in the same periods in which the expenses are recognised. Grants that compensate the Group for the cost of an asset are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the useful life of the asset. Government grants in the form of a significant deferral of tax payments are recognized as the difference between the nominal amount of the tax liabilities and the estimated fair value of the restructured debt. The grants are subsequently amortized over the period of the restructured debt maturity and grant income is recognized using the effective interest method. (l) (i) Other expenses Lease payments Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised as an integral part of the total lease expense, over the term of the lease. Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned between the finance expense and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Contingent lease payments are accounted for by revising the minimum lease payments over the remaining term of the lease when the contingency no longer exists and the lease adjustment is known. 17

18 (ii) Social expenditure To the extent that the Group s contributions to social programs benefit the community at large and are not restricted to the Group s employees, they are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. (m) Finance income and costs Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested and foreign currency gains. Interest income is recognised as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method. Finance costs comprise interest expense on borrowings, unwinding of the discount on provisions, foreign currency losses, and impairment losses recognised on financial assets. Borrowing costs that are not directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset are recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method. Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis. (n) Income tax Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income. Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years. Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognised for the following temporary differences: the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to the temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realised simultaneously. A deferred tax asset is recognised for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 18

19 (o) New Standards and Interpretations not yet adopted A number of new Standards, amendments to Standards and Interpretations are not yet effective as at 31 December 2009, and have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements. Of these pronouncements, potentially the following will have an impact on the Group s operations. The Group plans to adopt these pronouncements when they become effective. Revised IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures (2009) introduces an exemption from the basic disclosure requirements in relation to related party disclosures and outstanding balances, including commitments, for government-related entities. Additionally, the standard has been revised to simplify some of the presentation guidance that was previously non-reciprocal. The revised standard is to be applied retrospectively for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January The Group has not yet determined the potential effect of the amendment. IFRS 9 Financial Instruments will be effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January The new standard is to be issued in several phases and is intended to replace International Financial Reporting Standard IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement once the project is completed by the end of The first phase of IFRS 9 was issued in November 2009 and relates to the recognition and measurement of financial assets. The Group recognises that the new standard introduces many changes to the accounting for financial instruments and is likely to have a significant impact on Group s consolidated financial statements. The impact of these changes will be analysed during the course of the project as further phases of the standard are issued. IFRIC 17 Distributions of Non-cash Assets to Owners addresses the accounting for non-cash dividend distributions to owners. The interpretation clarifies when and how a non-cash dividend should be recognised and how the difference between the dividend paid and the carrying amount of the net assets distributed should be recognised. IFRIC 17 became effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July The Group has not yet analysed the likely impact of the interpretation on its financial position or performance. IFRIC 19 Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments provides guidance on accounting for debt for equity swaps by the debtor. The interpretation clarifies that an entity s equity instruments qualify as consideration paid in accordance with paragraph 41 of International Financial Reporting Standards IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. Additionally, the interpretation clarifies how to account for the initial measurement of own equity instruments issued to extinguish a financial liability and how to account for the difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability extinguished and the initial measurement amount of the equity instruments issued. IFRIC 19 is applicable for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July The group has not yet analysed the likely impact of the interpretation on its financial position or performance. The Group has not yet analysed the likely impact of the interpretation on its financial position or performance. Various Improvements to IFRSs have been dealt with on a standard-by-standard basis. All amendments, which result in accounting changes for presentation, recognition or measurement purposes, will come into effect not earlier than 1 January The Group has not yet analysed the likely impact of the improvements on its financial position or performance. 19

20 4 Determination of fair values A number of the Group s accounting policies and disclosures require the determination of fair value, for both financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values have been determined for measurement and/or for disclosure purposes based on the following methods. When applicable, further information about the assumptions made in determining fair values is disclosed in the notes specific to that asset or liability. (a) Property, plant and equipment The fair value of property, plant and equipment contributed by the shareholder is based on market values when possible. The market value of property is the estimated amount for which a property could be exchanged on the date of valuation between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arm s length transaction after proper marketing wherein the parties had each acted knowledgeably and willingly. The fair value of items of plant, equipment, fixtures and fittings is based on market approach and cost approaches using quoted market prices for similar items when available. When no quoted market prices are available, the fair value of property, plant and equipment is primarily determined using depreciated replacement cost. This method considers the cost to reproduce or replace the property, plant and equipment, adjusted for physical, functional or economical depreciation, and obsolescence. (b) Trade and other receivables The fair value of trade and other receivables for disclosure purposes is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. (c) Financial liabilities Fair value, which is determined for disclosure purposes, is calculated based on the present value of future principal and interest cash flows, discounted at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. (d) Inventories The fair value of oil is based on prices established in recognised commodity exchanges published by Platt s Crude Oil Marketwire. The fair value of gas is based on the estimated sales price by the Group less costs to sell. 20

21 5 Revenue 000 GEL Sales of gas 89, ,679 Gas transportation fee receivable in the form of gas 32,449 57,881 Income from crude oil 22,206 17,980 Gas transportation fee receivable in cash 14,953 18,386 Oil transportation fee 12,064 2,005 Other revenue , ,735 6 Cost of gas and oil 000 GEL Cost of gas 67, ,561 Cost of crude oil 5,452 1,502 73, ,063 7 Other expenses 000 GEL Banking, consulting and other professional services 2,780 1,295 Fuel, materials and equipment repair 2,290 2,764 Representative and business trip expenses Transportation and vehicles maintenance Regulation fees 542 1,014 Office and related equipment maintenance Communication expenses Donations - 2,669 Other 3,824 3,918 11,800 14,286 21

22 8 Other income 000 GEL Customer penalties for late payment 18,171 10,333 Income from provided services 2,644 1,572 Amortisation of government grant 1,239 4,022 Other penalties 1,011 - Other 3,178 3,285 26,243 19,212 9 Interest expense 000 GEL Interest expense on loans from the Government of Georgia 16,505 17,408 Interest expense on restructured tax liabilities 4,466 4,022 Interest expense on bank loans 1,344 2,402 22,315 23, Income tax benefit/(expense) The Group s applicable tax rate is the income tax rate of 15% for Georgian companies (2008: 15%). 000 GEL Current tax expense Current year (6,726) (6,202) Deferred tax benefit Origination and reversal of temporary differences 12,356 4,707 5,630 (1,495) Reconciliation of effective tax rate: GEL % 000 GEL % (Loss)/profit before income tax (42,894) 100 2, Income tax at applicable tax rate (6,434) Non-deductible expenses 804 (2) 1, (5,630) 13 1,

23 11 Property, plant and equipment 000 GEL Cost/Deemed cost Gas and oil pipelines Land and buildings Oil wells Plant and equipment Other Construction in progress and construction materials Balance at 1 January ,673 30,263 29,203 4,602 3,279 32, ,461 Additions 4,157 4, ,925 2,890 2,695 16,846 Disposals (1,234) (3,631) - (35) (179) (164) (5,243) Balance at 31 December ,596 31,195 29,819 6,492 5,990 34, ,064 Total Balance at 1 January ,596 31,195 29,819 6,492 5,990 34, ,064 Additions 10, ,549 22,221 36,812 Disposals (1,920) (1,328) - (251) (190) (2,908) (6,597) Transfers 23, (23,041) - Balance at 31 December ,910 30,800 29,834 7,142 8,349 31, ,279 Depreciation and impairment losses Balance at 1 January Depreciation charge 14, ,001 1,940 1,429-23,875 Disposals (527) - - (17) - - (544) Balance at 31 December , ,001 1,923 1,429-23,331 Balance at 1 January , ,001 1,923 1,429-23,331 Depreciation charge 14, ,093 1,827 1,423-24,100 Disposals (255) (10) - (132) (137) - (534) Impairment loss 67,192 5, ,698 1,246 75,909 Balance at 31 December ,814 6,987 10,094 4,252 4,413 1, ,806 Carrying amounts At 1 January ,673 30,263 29,203 4,602 3,279 32, ,461 At 31 December ,515 30,298 24,818 4,569 4,561 34, ,733 At 31 December ,096 23,813 19,740 2,890 3,936 29, ,473 23

24 During 2009 the Government of Georgia contributed certain property, plant and equipment in the form of increase in charter capital. The charter capital has been increased by the nominal amount of these assets of GEL 31,230 thousand (2008: GEL 19,251 thousand). The Group recognised these assets at fair value of GEL 8,987 thousand (2008: GEL 4,826 thousand), which are included in total additions of GEL 36,812 thousand (2008: GEL 16,846 thousand). The difference of GEL 22,243 thousand (2008: GEL 14,425 thousand) between the nominal amount and the fair value has been recognised in equity as fair value adjustment reserve for non-cash owner contributions. Included in disposals are assets with a carrying amount of GEL 4,300 thousand (2008: 4,352 thousand) which have been withdrawn by the Government of Georgia. The amount consists of a distribution of GEL 1,197 thousand and a decrease in charter capital of GEL 3,103 thousand. (a) Determination of deemed cost In 2009 management commissioned Deloitte & Touche LLC to independently appraise property, plant and equipment as at 1 January 2008 in order to determine its deemed cost as part of transition to IFRSs. The majority of the Group s property, plant and equipment is specialised in nature and is rarely sold on the open market other than as part of a continuing business. The market for similar property, plant and equipment is not active in Georgia and does not provide a sufficient number of sales of comparable property, plant and equipment for using a market-based approach for determining fair value. Consequently the fair value of property, plant and equipment was primarily determined using depreciated replacement cost. This method considers the cost to reproduce or replace the property, plant and equipment, adjusted for physical, functional or economical depreciation, and obsolescence. The depreciated replacement cost was estimated based on internal sources and analysis of the Georgian and international markets for similar property, plant and equipment. Various market data were collected from published information, catalogues, statistical data etc, and industry experts and suppliers of property, plant and equipment were contacted both in Georgia and abroad. In addition to the determination of the depreciated replacement cost, cash flow testing was conducted in order to assess the reasonableness of those values, which resulted in the depreciated replacement cost values being decreased by GEL 484,469 thousand. The following key assumptions were used in performing the cash flow testing of the gas transportation business: Cash flows were projected based on actual operating results and the five-year business plan. Total volume of gas transported was projected at 1,711 million cubic meters in the territory of Georgia and 2,134 million cubic meters in the Republic of Armenia through the Georgian territory in the first year of the business plan. The anticipated annual gas transportation volumes growth included in the cash flow projections was 4-6% for the years 2008 to Sales prices of gas were based on the prices regulated by the Government of Georgia. Terminal value of expected cash flows after five years (based on forecasted cash flows) was estimated by discounting for perpetuity and extrapolating assuming a growth rate of 2.4% - the long term US inflation rate. A discount rate of 17.3% was applied in determining the recoverable amount of the Group s assets in the gas transportation business. The discount rate was estimated based on an industry average weighted average cost of capital, which was based on a possible range of debt leveraging of 26.4% at a market interest rate of 13.5%. The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management s assessment of future trends in the business and are based on both external sources and internal sources (historical data). 24