User Financing Much More than Toll

Transcription

1 User Financing Much More than Toll Professor Torsten R. Böger, VIFG mbh VerkehrsInfrastrukturFinanzierungsGesellschaft mbh

2 Content Content User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing 2

3 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads 3

4 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads German Federal Trunk Roads Facts and Data 12,900 km of highway* fully subject to toll 38,900 km of trunk roads* ca. 2,300 km of which subject to toll Gross investment for 2014 (acc. Report on Infrastructure Costs ** ): Federal trunk roads: ca. 173 bn. Federal highways subject to toll: ca. 13 bn. Other federal highways: ca. 177 bn. Infrastructure costs for 2014 (acc. Report on Infrastructure Costs): Total infrastructure costs: ca. 14 bn. * Infrastructure costs included the following : Operating costs (maintenance, operation of services, policing costs, toll system) amortization of assets interest on fixed capital *Source: The Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt); as of January 1, 2015 ** Report on Infrastructure Costs ; Prognosis for

5 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads Federal Trunk Roads Facts and Data Total income* from truck tolls (target) bn bn bn. 4,362 bn. 4, 391 bn. 4,464 bn. 4,340 bn. Costs of the truck tolling system and expenditures for harmonization measures ca. 1 bn. in 2014 net toll in 2014: 3.4 bn. * Funds already earmarked for federal trunk roads in the Federal Budget (in bn. ): Federal Budget (target) Portion for Investments *including funds allocated within the fiscal year - Funds for were increased by the Second Economic Stimulus Package (KP II) and the Jobs Program for Building and Transport - Funds for 2012 include 400 mil. from the Program to Expedite Infrastructure (IBP I) - Funds for 2013 include 670 mil. from the IBP I (200 mil. ) and the IBP II (470 mil. ) - Funds for 2014 include 117 mil. from the IBP II - Funds for 2014: 500 mil. from the additional funds in the amount of. 5 bn. for the period Amounts indicated include operating costs - System costs and funds for harmonization not included Source: Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) 5

6 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads Truck Toll on Federal Trunk Roads General truck toll (> 12 tons) on federal trunk roads Law on Toll on Federal Trunk Roads / Bundesfernstraßenmautgesetz (BFStrMG) Since July 1, 2015: Extension of roads subject to toll to include an additional ca. 1,100 km of four-lane highways Since October 1, 2015: Vehicles weighing over 7.5 t subject to toll Toll amount depends on mileage number of axels and emission class Allocation of toll revenue for construction of federal highways system operation improvement of transport infrastructure The federal government is entitled to toll revenue; toll revenue and expenses are itemized in the Federal Budget and are managed by the VIFG Planned as of mid 2018: the extension of truck tolls to all federal roads (with the potential exception of roads crossing through cities) 6

7 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads Satellite System (GNSS/GSM) Examples of the Truck Toll System in Germany (Source: Toll Collect) Satellite sends location data (Global Positioning System, GPS) User DESTINATION Installation of vehicle device Entry of vehicle data GPS-supported identification of road segment Vehicle device identifies road segments subject to toll Monitoring (stationary and mobile) Vehicle device calculates toll Toll Collect invoices user for toll Amount sent by mobile phone to Toll Collect data processing center 7

8 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads Stakeholders in User Financing in Germany Legislation for user financing Monitoring of government work States and DEGES (Auftragsverwaltung) Authority financially responsible for constructing and planning federal trunk roads Decides about operation of the tolling system ( make or buy ) Refinancing of the toll collection system (operator fees, etc.) Construction and operation of federal trunk roads Establishment of toll collection system Operation of toll collection system Financing of toll collection system (through partners) Revenue collection Monitoring (enforcement) Monitoring operators Earmarking of revenue from truck tolls Processing toll-based transactions for federal trunk roads Transparency in the use of funds 8 Source: VIFG diagram

9 User Financing on German Federal Trunk Roads System of Providing Federal Trunk Roads to Users Federal Executive Administration Distribution of Financial and Administrative Responsibilities Competencies Administrative responsibilities ( 90 para. 2 GG in conjunction with 85 GG) Financing responsibilities ( 5 para. 1 p. 1 FStrG) Federal Government Technical Competence (planning, decisionmaking, financing) Planning for the entire network Administrative costs on the federal level, state planning costs (earmarked lump sum), new construction, expansion, maintenance, operation States Executory Competence Planning specific measures, building, maintenance, operation Administrative costs on the state level (planning) 9

10 VIFG Overview Tasks and Functions of the VIFG Financing / Allocation Functions Management and allocation of toll revenue Processing toll-based transactions Reporting and ensuring transparency in the use of toll revenue and investments Controlling and reporting for federal trunk roads Provision of adequate and proper IT services and infrastructure to fulfill the mentioned functions PPP Competence Center for Transport Competence center for PPP in transport and economic procurement Responsibilities in all phases of project development and implementation F- and A-model projects Development of new private operator programs 10

11 VIFG Overview User Financing, a Core Issue for the VIFG The VIFG supports the conversion process from tax financing to user financing The VIFG ensures that toll revenue is completely used for investments in the transport infrastructure The VIFG provides transparency in terms of the use of toll revenue and thus exemplifies a closed system of collecting and using toll revenue The VIFG utilizes user fees to efficiently provide transport infrastructure 11

12 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing 12

13 Objectives for Transport Infrastructure An Efficient Transport Infrastructure What is the scope of the required transport infrastructure? What level of quality do I want to achieve over the medium-term? What kind of availability does the transport infrastructure need to offer? What kind of financing system makes it possible to achieve these objectives? 13

14 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing A Fundamental Problem of Road Infrastructure Financing User Level Federal Budget Toll Revenue Financing Level Taxes x-taxes Services Service Level 14

15 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing From Toll to Complete User Financing Toll Generating additional revenue Closing financing gaps Principles of non-assignment and annuality Introduction of a lifecycle perspective User Financing Linking revenue and expenditures Principle of compensation Economical management structures to achieve organizational, investment, and cost efficiency Specific allocation of revenue 15

16 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing The 5 Transport Rules of User Financing Effective Planning Customer Orientation User Financing Optimal Pricing Efficient Financing Efficient Management 16

17 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing Effective Planning User Financing Need-based, i.e. demand-oriented provision of road infrastructure According to the user principle, investments are made in measures that make economic sense The government should support measures that secure livelihoods and provide a public service Efficient Management Deciding on a target system Towards this end follow: Strategic planning for the entire network Carrying out measures on an operative level A closed system of collecting and using toll enables a monitoring of all activities within the providing system This reduces informational asymmetries between decision-makers 17

18 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing Optimal Pricing User Financing Cost and performance accounting indicates the costs of investments and maintenance A detailed examination of cost structures serves as the basis for toll fees Linking of revenue and expenditures Toll fees enable the efficient use of limited resources Price differences make allowances for varying external costs and congestion on different road segments Efficient Financing Setting up a management unit for steering and controlling Implementing investments cost-effectively Implementing maintenance strategies Optimizing construction processes Guaranteeing a regular liquidity flow Lifecycle-oriented planning Use of incentive and monitoring mechanisms (for example through involving the private sector in production processes) 18

19 From Truck Tolls to Comprehensive User Financing Customer Orientation User Financing Enhancing the role of the user = The user becomes the customer Equivalence principle Investment in federal trunk roads must offer recognizable advantages for users that justify the fees charged Transparency Regular assessment of the quality and scope of transport infrastructure Transparency leads to acceptance 19

20 Contact Verkehrsinfrastrukturfinanzierungsgesellschaft VIFG VerkehrsInfrastruktur- FinanzierungsGesellschaft mbh Georgenstraße Berlin Phone: +49 (30) Telefax: +49 (30) vifg@vifg.de URL: Managing Director Prof. Torsten R. Böger torsten.boeger@vifg.de Phone: +49 (30) Managing Director Martin Friewald martin.friewald@vifg.de Phone: +49(30)