Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 243, November 17, Politics

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 243, November 17, Politics"

Transcription

1 Issue 243, November 17, 2016 Thura NewsViews Politics Annan expresses concern about northern Rakhine The former United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan has expressed deep concern over the most recent escalation of violence in northern Rakhine State, which took place at the weekend according to state-run media reports. Violence first occurred in the restive region on October 9, when three police outposts were attacked and dozens of security officers were killed. Since then, the Border Guard Police and the armed forces have launched a strong security crackdown, which has led to a halt in humanitarian aid to the region and fuelled many rumours that have been very difficult to verify. The fresh outbreak of violence lasted almost a week, according to reports, and led to the death of 69 violent attackers and the arrest of 234, the military s True News Information Team was quoted as saying by Reuters. Ten policemen and seven soldiers were also killed in the clashes, the report said. Kofi Annan, who chairs a commission attempting to find long-lasting solutions in Rakhine State, released a statement expressing his concern and urging security services to act in full compliance with the rule of law. Some rights groups have accused security forces of using excessive force in their operations, which the government denies. Media officials detained in latest defamation case Two officials from a Yangon-based newspaper were detained by police last week after allegedly defaming the Chief Minister of Yangon Region. U Than Htut Aung, chief executive of Eleven Media Group, and the newspaper s editor, U Wai Phyo, were arrested after being sued by the Yangon Region government. The charge is related to a Facebook post written under Than Htut Aung s name that alleges that a politician took bribes. Although the politician is unnamed, the post appears to have been directed at senior NLD official and Yangon Region Chief Minister U Phyo Min Thein who said the post was intended to defame my personal integrity. U Than Htut Aung and U Wai Phyo are the latest to be charged under section 66(d) of the 2013 Telecommunications Law. The law was enacted to regulate the growing telecommunications industry, but the broadly worded 66(d) clause has been used to detain and arrest a couple of citizens in recent months. NLD member U Myo Yan Naung Thura Swiss Ltd. Economic Research Shwe Hinthar B /2 Miles Pyay Road 11 Qtr. Hlaing Tsp. Yangon, Myanmar Phone +95 (0) Fax +95 (0) info@thuraswiss.com November Highlights Commander-in-chief of Myanmar s armed forces Senior General Min Aung Hlaing has recently visited Italy where he met with senior military officials from other countries. Myanmar s internet freedom has improved somewhat this year, but it has retained its status of not free, said cyber watchdog Freedom House. Nearly five million people in Myanmar suffer from some form of hepatitis, health officials say.

2 Thein was also arrested earlier this month for a post on social media that criticised the country s military. Rights groups have expressed concern that critics of the government are still being arrested, even after the new government, led by State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, came to power. Economy Myanmar real estate investors looking abroad Some of Myanmar s property investors are beginning to look at projects abroad, according to news reports. U Kyaw Min Zin, director of Yangon-based KAE Alliance, was quoted in the local news that his company had sold 18 properties in Malaysia this year, and two in Singapore, and that investors had shown an interest in international real estate over luxury housing within Myanmar. Some of the recent sales have been at a mixed-use development called Forest City in Malaysia s Iskander, a development region in the country s Johor Region. Forest City is a development on 1,386 hectares of land that is a joint-venture between a Malaysian and Hong Kong developers. Kyaw Min Zin said that interest from Myanmar investors to look abroad began to increase in late 2015, with Singapore and Malaysia, as well as Thailand, proving popular investment destinations. Prospects are improving because of better connections between Myanmar and the rest of Southeast Asia, said Kyaw Min Zin. Singapore firms wary of investing in Myanmar Although Singaporean firms are interested in investing in Myanmar, many are still concerned about making commitments into the country because of a lack of clear policies, a media report in the island-state has said. Ho Men Kit, chief executive of the Singapore Business Federation, was quoted as saying in The Straits Times that while firms in the country are interested in Myanmar, that enthusiasm has not necessarily translated into investments. Singaporean investments in Myanmar from January to September this year currently stand at US$ Myanmar in Figures GDP (PPP): $283.5bn (2015) GDP (official ex.rate): $66.98bn (2015) GDP growth rate: 8.3% (FY proj.) Population: 51.4mn people (2014) Inflation: 11.5% (2015) Foreign trade: $22bn (2015) FDI: $64bn (31/07/2016) International reserves: $9.4bn (Dec 2015) CBM rate Kyat/$ = 1290K/1$ (17/11/16) For advertising with Thura Swiss please contact us by info@thuraswiss.com or by phone +95 (0) Please note that our advertisement contracts are based on a subscription of a minimum of 4 weeks. 2

3 million, according to figures from the Directorate of Investment and Company Administration (DICA). That is a significant drop from a figure of US$ 2.03 billion for the same period last year. The Straits Times article noted that the DICA figures differ from those from Singapore s Department of Statistics, which showed the figure to be US$ 1.93 billion in Mr Romain Caillaud, from FTI Consulting, was quoted as saying that this was due to the fact that DICA figures include both Singaporean companies and companies from other countries that have structured their investments from there. He added that Singaporean investments in Myanmar had begun to slow down since last November, when Myanmar held its general election. Many investors have been waiting for new laws to pass, with the most notable being the Myanmar Investment Law, which was passed last month and will be enacted by April Myanmar teak trader prosecuted in Sweden A trader of Myanmar teak has been prosecuted by Swedish authorities for not conducting thorough due diligence when the company imported the product into the European Union. Sweden s Forestry Agency conducted an investigation and found that a company named as Almtra Nordic was unable to demonstrate who or where the timber it had imported had come from, prior to being purchased from its supplier, the state-owned Myanmar Timber Enterprise (MTE). The Swedish courts have agreed that documentation provided by MTE does not satisfy the requirements of the EUTR [EU Timber Regulation], setting a precedent in which all EU member states should follow, said Peter Cooper, forest campaigner for London-based Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA). As a result of the ruling, Almtra Nordic has received an injunction that prevents it from placing Myanmar teak on the EU market unless it can identify and mitigate the high risks of illegality involved, which is part of the EUTR due diligence requirements. In a press release from EIA, Cooper was quoted as saying that Myanmar teak cannot be legally placed on the EU market until MTE addresses transparency issues in the supply chain. Myanmar teak is popular particularly in the super yacht industry where teak decking is regarding as an essential material and luxury status symbol the press release said. Companies and Investments Turkish Karpower plans Yangon power project Turkey s Karpower is planning to move a major power barge to Myanmar in April next year that could supply a fifth of the country s total electricity requirements. A story in the local news said that the 300-metre barge will travel from the Turkish city of Istanbul to Yangon, where it will be located in Thilawa and provide 300 megawatts to the city for five years. We are not using turbines. These are engines that are running on natural gas and low-suplhur HFO (heavy fuel oil) for producing electricity under a dual fuel system, Zeynep Harezi from Karpower was quoted as saying. He added that the company is planning to set up lines from Thanlyin-Thaketa, to transport the electricity produced into the commercial capital. Malaysian firm to form packaging JV in Myanmar Malaysian company Daibochi Plastic and Packaging Industry has reached a joint-venture agreement with Myanmar Smart Pack Industrial (MSPI) to provide services for the domestic and international market. Under the terms of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the two companies, Daibochi will invest US$ 6.8 million percent in the venture for a 60 percent stake. The agreement is Daibochi s first outside its home country, reports say. Daibochi s managing director Thomas Lim said the company will take control of the existing MSPI production facilities. An additional US$ 5.5 million will be invested over three years to enhance the factory s production, capacity, quality and efficiency. Mr Lim told the local media that the company has exported to Myanmar in small amounts in the past, but its first priority under the new agreement would be to fulfil demand within Myanmar. Thereafter we will look to securing more customers from Southeast Asia, he said. 3

4 Events Name Details Organizer/Ministries Contact Information 4th Myanmar Oil, Gas & Power Summit Venue: Meila Hotel, Yangon Date: November 2016 CMT 6th PET Asia Outlook Venue: Park Royal Hotel, Yangon Date: November 2016 CMT Myanmar Security Expo 2016 Venue: Tatmadaw Hall, Yangon Date: November 2016 MP International (MPI) Startup Weekend Yangon Venue: MICT Park, Yangon Date: November 2016 Kanaung Hub bmdwmm/ Offshore Convention Venue: Sule Shangri-La Hotel, Yangon Date: November 2016 Neoventure Corporation Myanfood 16 Venue: MIDA Ground (Next to Tatmadaw Hall, Yangon Date: November 2016 Tel: +95(0) Myanhotel 16 Venue: MIDA Ground (Next to Tatmadaw Hall, Yangon Date: November 2016 Tel: +95(0) CommuniCast 2016 Date: 07 December 2016 Allworld Exhibitions Tel: +95(0) Myanmar Satellite Forum & Exhibition Date: 07 December 2016 Allworld Exhibitions Tel: +95(0) Agri Livestock 2016 Venue: Tatmadaw Hall, Yangon Date: December 2016 Myanmar Supply Chain Summit Date: 13 December 2016 Chain Media Tel: Myanmar Oil and Gas Summit Venue: Sedona Hotel, Yangon Date: January 2016 Oliver Kinross Ltd +44 (0) BuildTech Mandalay Venue: Mandalay City Hall, Mandalay Date: February 2017 Sphere Exhibits 4

5 Tenders Ministry of Electricity and Energy: Invitation for bids The Ministry of Electricity and Energy has received financing from the World Bank towards for the National Electrification Project. As part of the project, the Ministry now has invited sealed bids from eligible bidders for the supply of following items: # Description Quantity 1) 11/0.4 kv 50 kva 2) 100 kva 3) 315 kva 4) 33/ kva 5) 200 kva 6) 315 kva Total 5,389 The goods are to be delivered to multiple destinations of all Regions and States of Myanmar during 2017 to The goods will be grouped into 10 lots and bidders may submit bids for any one or more than one. Interested eligible bidders may obtain further information from Project Manager, Office No. 27, Ministry of Electricity and Energy. A complete set of bidding documents on CD in English language can be purchased at the price of MMK 100,000 upon the submission of a written application to the above address. Bids must be delivered before 31 December Further information can be obtained by phone at +95 (0) Ministry of Industry: Invitation for Expression of Interest (EOI) No. 14 Heavy Industry (Thagaya) (Multipurpose Diesel Engines Factory) and No. 15 Heavy Industry (Thagaya) (Earth Moving Equipment Factory) under the No. 1 Heavy Industries Enterprise, Ministry of Industry are intended to cooperate with Local (or) Foreign Entrepreneurs in a PPP (JV, Lease, etc). Interested entities can collect required documents at Office No. 30, Planning Department, No. 1 Heavy Industries Enterprise, Ministry of Industry. Interested companies shall submit their Expression of Interest (EOI) no later than 3pm on 5 December Required Documents: Valid Certificate of Incorporation Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association of Company Name of Foreign Technical Cooperator Further information can be obtained by phone at +95 (0) ,

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 240, October 27, Politics

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 240, October 27, Politics Issue 240, October 27, 2016 Thura NewsViews Politics Challenges ahead in peace process, warns think-tank Despite some progress since the new government came to power, those involved in the country s peace

More information

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 213, April 21, Politics

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 213, April 21, Politics Issue 213, April 21, 2016 Thura NewsViews Politics Dozens of political prisoners released Myanmar has released scores of political prisoners in recent weeks, an encouraging sign in the first few weeks

More information

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 249, December 29, Politics. Economy

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 249, December 29, Politics. Economy Issue 249, December 29, 2016 Thura NewsViews Politics Myanmar could be removed from LDC list within nine years Myanmar could be removed from the list of Least Developed Countries (LDC) by as early as 2025,

More information

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 256, February 16, Politics

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 256, February 16, Politics Issue 256, February 16, 2017 Thura NewsViews Politics Suu Kyi urges groups to sign NCA State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has called on the country s ethnic armed groups to sign a nationwide ceasefire

More information

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 260, March 16, Politics

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 260, March 16, Politics Issue 260, March 16, 2017 Thura NewsViews Politics Pakistan president pushes for improved Myanmar economic relations Pakistan s President Mamnoon Hussain has called for closer bilateral economic ties between

More information

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 262, March 30, Politics

Thura NewsViews. Myanmar Economics and Politics. Weekly Newsletter. Issue 262, March 30, Politics Issue 262, March 30, 2017 Thura NewsViews Politics China to invite President U Htin Kyaw for visit President U Htin Kyaw is set to pay a visit to China in the coming months, at the invitation of President

More information

Netherlands grant programme to develop business plan for Myanmar companies

Netherlands grant programme to develop business plan for Myanmar companies Issue 279, August 10, 2017 Thura NewsViews Politics Government-led commission rejects allegations of abuses in Rakhine A government-backed commission tasked with investigating the security situation in

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. 1. Foreigners Law and Foreign Worker Law (still drafts, fortunately) The two drafts have caused quite a stir within the expat community. Maybe

More information

2013 Outlook Country Outlook: Myanmar. Research Team. GDP growth to reach 6.5%; tourism, trade, FDI to increase sharply

2013 Outlook Country Outlook: Myanmar. Research Team. GDP growth to reach 6.5%; tourism, trade, FDI to increase sharply 2013 Outlook Indonesia Myanmar Philippines Thailand 2013 Country Outlook: Myanmar Research Team Ryker Labbee Country Director, Myanmar rlabbee@cascadeasia.com Phuong Nguyen Political Analyst pnguyen@cascadeasia.com

More information

The Opening Up Of Myanmar The Last Economic Frontier of Asia : Challenges and Opportunities

The Opening Up Of Myanmar The Last Economic Frontier of Asia : Challenges and Opportunities The Opening Up Of Myanmar The Last Economic Frontier of Asia : Challenges and Opportunities VPC REGIONAL CONFERENCE 27 th October 2012 Pattaya, Thailand 1 CONTENT A. GENERAL B. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND C.

More information

Myanmar in Brief. Restaurant Association of Singapore. Prepared for: March 21, Date:

Myanmar in Brief. Restaurant Association of Singapore. Prepared for: March 21, Date: Myanmar in Brief Prepared for: Date: Restaurant Association of Singapore March 21, 2017 Copyright Tractus Asia Ltd. 2017 Foreign investment and growing domestic consumption increasingly drive growth from

More information

Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Ltd. (MTSH)

Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Ltd. (MTSH) Summary Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public Ltd. (MTSH) Myanmar Thilawa SEZ Holdings Public, Ltd. (MTSH) is the private sector shareholder on the Myanmar side of Myanmar Japan Thilawa Development Ltd.

More information

OCBC BANK COLLABORATES WITH 10 MYANMAR BANKS TO BUILD A STRONGER FINANCIAL SECTOR

OCBC BANK COLLABORATES WITH 10 MYANMAR BANKS TO BUILD A STRONGER FINANCIAL SECTOR MEDIA RELEASE MEDIA RELEASE With suggested Tweet, Facebook post, keywords and official hashtag OCBC BANK COLLABORATES WITH 10 MYANMAR BANKS TO BUILD A STRONGER FINANCIAL SECTOR Memoranda of Understanding

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, It s been a while, but - welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. 1. Myanmar Investment Law approved by the Lower House The new Myanmar Investment Law seems to have been approved today

More information

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC Outline Myanmar Nowadays Trend of Investment New Investment Law Outlook Way Forward Myanmar Nowadays Foreign Investment in

More information

MYANMAR. The New Foreign Investment Law - An analysis. Issue 2: November Overview. Next steps

MYANMAR. The New Foreign Investment Law - An analysis. Issue 2: November Overview. Next steps MYANMAR The New Foreign Investment Law - An analysis Issue 2: November 2012 After much speculation and negotiation between the Myanmarese parliament and President Thein Sein, the new Foreign Investment

More information

OECD Investment Policy Review of Myanmar

OECD Investment Policy Review of Myanmar OECD Investment Policy Review of Myanmar OECD Investment Committee 15 October 2013 Aung Naing Oo Director General, DICA Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development Outline 1 A backward glance

More information

Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration

Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Outlines Policies Reforms Outcomes Recent Trends of Investment Update 2 3 Look East Engage East 4 The Role of New Ministry

More information

CURRENT AFFAIRS 8 September th September 2017 CURRENT AFFAIRS

CURRENT AFFAIRS 8 September th September 2017 CURRENT AFFAIRS CURRENT AFFAIRS 8 September 2017 8 th September 2017 CURRENT AFFAIRS DOUBTILYA TEAM SAMIHANA 1993 Mumbai Serial Blasts The 1993 September 12 th Bombay bombings were a series of 12 bomb explosions in the

More information

FINANCIER. Mergers & acquisitions ANNUAL REVIEW ONLINE CONTENT AUGUST 2017 R E P R I N T F I N A N C I E R W O R L D W I D E. C O M REPRINTED FROM

FINANCIER. Mergers & acquisitions ANNUAL REVIEW ONLINE CONTENT AUGUST 2017 R E P R I N T F I N A N C I E R W O R L D W I D E. C O M REPRINTED FROM R E P R I N T F I N A N C I E R W O R L D W I D E. C O M ANNUAL REVIEW Mergers & acquisitions REPRINTED FROM ONLINE CONTENT AUGUST 2017 2017 Financier Worldwide Limited Permission to use this reprint has

More information

AGENDA (Provisional) Opening Ceremony. Welcoming Address. U Khin Maung Aye Chairman Myanmar Investors Development Association (MIDA)

AGENDA (Provisional) Opening Ceremony. Welcoming Address. U Khin Maung Aye Chairman Myanmar Investors Development Association (MIDA) Myanmar Investment Forum 2017 Myanamr: Best Destination for Investment (Opportunities in Special Economic Zones- SEZs- Other Economic Zones and Industrial Parks) 6-7 June 2017 Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar MICC

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. 1. Payments in USD It is not on the homepage of the Central Bank, but according to the Myanmar Times (http://tinyurl.com/jabqw5w), the Central

More information

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue September 2017

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue September 2017 www.pwc.com/mm PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue 74 15 September 2017 1. Weekly Key Financial & Business News 2 Weekly Key Financial & Business News Headlines Rules to new Condominium Law

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. 1. New fiscal year With letter no. 3 (1)/1 dated 29 September 2017, the President s Office informed Parliament that the Union Government approved

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. The Ministry of Commerce issued a notification on 7 July 2016 allowing Myanmar/foreign joint ventures to import and sell construction materials.

More information

Doing Business in Myanmar. Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration

Doing Business in Myanmar. Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Doing Business in Myanmar Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Outline 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Highlight of Myanmar Reforms Investment Laws Special Economic Zones

More information

Development of Myanmar Industry and Significance of Inauguration of YSX

Development of Myanmar Industry and Significance of Inauguration of YSX Development of Myanmar Industry and Significance of Inauguration of YSX Shigeto Kashiwazaki Head, Asian Business Development Group Daiwa Institute of Research Ltd. Ⅰ. Steady economic growth in Myanmar

More information

MYANMAR FRANCHISE EXPO & CONFRENCE 2018

MYANMAR FRANCHISE EXPO & CONFRENCE 2018 CO-LOCATING WITH : SHOW MYANMAR FRANCHISE EXPO & CONFRENCE 2018 6-8 APRIL. TATMADAW HALL. YANGON. SHAPING ASIA S NEW CROSSROAD EVENT FORECAST 2018 EXHIBITION GROSS AREA: 3,000 sqm TARGET EXHIBITORS: 150

More information

Union Government Consultation on the World Bank Group s Country Partnership Framework for Myanmar, Nay Pyi Taw, 15th August 2014

Union Government Consultation on the World Bank Group s Country Partnership Framework for Myanmar, Nay Pyi Taw, 15th August 2014 Union Government Consultation on the World Bank Group s Country Partnership Framework for Myanmar, Nay Pyi Taw, 15th August 2014 A meeting with representatives of the Union Government of Myanmar was held

More information

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue April 2017

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue April 2017 www.pwc.com/mm PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue 53 21 April 2017 1. Weekly Key Financial & Business News 2 Weekly Key Financial & Business News Headlines YBS inks deal with Yutong to purchase

More information

Benefit and Privilege for Foreign Investment in Myanmar. Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration

Benefit and Privilege for Foreign Investment in Myanmar. Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Benefit and Privilege for Foreign Investment in Myanmar Aung Naing Oo Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Outline 1 Myanmar in Brief 2 3 4 Mode of Doing Business Investment

More information

Singapore Fact Sheet GENERAL INFORMATION SHARE CAPITAL

Singapore Fact Sheet GENERAL INFORMATION SHARE CAPITAL Singapore Fact Sheet GENERAL INFORMATION Company type Private Limited Company (Pte Ltd) Timeframe for company formation 3 to 5 days* Legislation Singapore Companies Act 1963 Legal system Common Law Corporate

More information

The Company s management is pleased to provide a discussion and analysis of the interim results below:

The Company s management is pleased to provide a discussion and analysis of the interim results below: INTERIM RESULTS MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS The Board of Directors of First Myanmar Investment Co., Ltd. (the Company, and with its subsidiaries, the Group ) refers to the Company s unaudited interim

More information

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, ANNUAL REPORT AND MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, ANNUAL REPORT AND MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, ANNUAL REPORT AND MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS The Board of Directors of First Myanmar Investment Co., Ltd. (the Company, and with its subsidiaries, the Group ) wishes

More information

India ASEAN Cooperation

India ASEAN Cooperation Moving Forward with ASEAN-INDIA Connectivity it Financing and Supporting Mechanism: Views from Exim Bank November 27, 2013 Bangkok India ASEAN Cooperation ASEAN is the second-largest trade partner of India

More information

Myanmar Development Policy Operation Region

Myanmar Development Policy Operation Region Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized PROGRAM INFORMATION DOCUMENT (PID) APPRAISAL STAGE March 6, 2017 Report No.: AB7879 (The

More information

Investing in Myanmar. July kpmg.com/mm

Investing in Myanmar. July kpmg.com/mm Investing in Myanmar July 2018 kpmg.com/mm B Investing in Myanmar C Foreword There have been many changes in the regulatory and investment climate in Myanmar over the last several years. This booklet aims

More information

III. TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT POLICIES. (1) Foreign Direct Investment: General Policy Direction

III. TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT POLICIES. (1) Foreign Direct Investment: General Policy Direction Page 26 III. TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT POLICIES (1) Foreign Direct Investment: General Policy Direction 1. Singapore's rapid economic growth has been to a large extent due to massive foreign

More information

MYANMAR MARKET UPDATES, POLICIES & REGULATIONS CHANGES. Mr. Khin Maung Han

MYANMAR MARKET UPDATES, POLICIES & REGULATIONS CHANGES. Mr. Khin Maung Han MYANMAR MARKET UPDATES, POLICIES & REGULATIONS CHANGES Mr. Khin Maung Han President, Myanmar Federation of Mining Association Chairman, Myanmar Gold Development Public Company Vice Chairman, Myanmar Gold

More information

The EU and Vietnam: Taking (Trade) Relations to the Next Level

The EU and Vietnam: Taking (Trade) Relations to the Next Level The EU and Vietnam: Taking (Trade) Relations to the Next Level EIAS Briefing Seminar 27 April 2016 The EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement is part of the evolution of Vietnam since it joined the WTO in 2007.

More information

Agenda. Soaring to Greater Heights in the Golden Land 30/7/2013. Shareholders Presentation. Briefing to Shareholders. Questions & Answers

Agenda. Soaring to Greater Heights in the Golden Land 30/7/2013. Shareholders Presentation. Briefing to Shareholders. Questions & Answers Soaring to Greater Heights in the Golden Land Shareholders Presentation Annual General Meeting 30 July 2013 Briefing to Shareholders Business environment in Myanmar Business update Real Estate Non-real

More information

Investing in Myanmar. February kpmg.com/mm

Investing in Myanmar. February kpmg.com/mm Investing in Myanmar February 2018 kpmg.com/mm A B Investing in Myanmar Foreword Welcome to 2018. There have been many changes in the regulatory and investment climate in Myanmar over the last several

More information

PATA TRAVEL MART 2018 Seller Registration Form

PATA TRAVEL MART 2018 Seller Registration Form PATA TRAVEL MART 2018 Seller Registration Form September 12-14, 2018 Mahsuri International Exhibition Centre (MIEC), Langkawi, Malaysia Please fill in the form in print and return this signed agreement.

More information

1. General Information of Myanmar Special Economic Zones

1. General Information of Myanmar Special Economic Zones 1. General Information of Myanmar Special Economic s (i) The Quantity of SEZs The development of Special Economic s (SEZ) in Myanmar is governed by the Myanmar Special Economic Law of 2014. Under this

More information

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC Outline Myanmar Nowadays Trend of Investment New Investment Law Way Forward Myanmar Nowadays Foreign Investment in Myanmar

More information

Myanmar s competitiveness & Investment opportunities (Understanding Business Regulations)

Myanmar s competitiveness & Investment opportunities (Understanding Business Regulations) Myanmar s competitiveness & Investment opportunities (Understanding Business Regulations) August 1, 2016 Myo Min Director Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Ministry of National Planning

More information

by Pedro Jose Fausto Bernardo, Kelvin Chia Yangon Ltd

by Pedro Jose Fausto Bernardo, Kelvin Chia Yangon Ltd Foreign investment in Myanmar by Pedro Jose Fausto Bernardo, Kelvin Chia Yangon Ltd 74 Considered by many as the last economic frontier, Myanmar has been the object of much investor interest, especially

More information

Outlines. Myanmar Until Investment Related Reforms Policy Change Legal Framework (MIL & MCL) Regulatory Framework Institutional Framework

Outlines. Myanmar Until Investment Related Reforms Policy Change Legal Framework (MIL & MCL) Regulatory Framework Institutional Framework Aung Naing Oo 1 Director General Directorate of Investment and Company Administration (DICA) Ministry of Planning and Finance Secretary of Myanmar Investment Commission (MIC) Outlines Myanmar Until 2011

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter. 1. Four large electricity projects awarded Perhaps fittingly, the Ministry of Electricity and Energy announced on its Facebook page that it awarded

More information

Myanmar Newsletter, February 2017

Myanmar Newsletter, February 2017 Dear readers, The current Financial Year is drawing to a close and most would agree that for Myanmar it has been a challenging year with some hesitation and delays with regards to both policy making and

More information

An overview of U.S. MYANMAR SANCTIONS. With FAQ

An overview of U.S. MYANMAR SANCTIONS. With FAQ An overview of U.S. MYANMAR SANCTIONS With FAQ August 2016 Introduction Since the initial 2012 easing of U.S. sanctions on Myanmar, the country has made positive political and economic progress. Following

More information

Myanmar a new law for a new era

Myanmar a new law for a new era Myanmar a new law for a new era Tuesday, 2 February 2016 (Yesterday) Mahdev Mohan and Clive Myint Soe of Providence Law Asia in Singapore, Hnin Ei Ei Aung of U Tin Yu and Associates in Yangon and Jaya

More information

FOREX CONTROL AND LENDING REGISTRATION OF LEASE AND OTHER AGREEMENTS TRADEMARK PROTECTION 27 th February, 2018

FOREX CONTROL AND LENDING REGISTRATION OF LEASE AND OTHER AGREEMENTS TRADEMARK PROTECTION 27 th February, 2018 FOREX CONTROL AND LENDING REGISTRATION OF LEASE AND OTHER AGREEMENTS TRADEMARK PROTECTION 27 th February, 2018 FOREX CONTROL AND LENDING FOREX CONTROL: REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Foreign Exchange Management

More information

IMMIGRATION APPEAL TRIBUNAL. Before : Mr C P Mather (Vice President) Mr R Baines JP Mr D R Bremmer JP. and SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT

IMMIGRATION APPEAL TRIBUNAL. Before : Mr C P Mather (Vice President) Mr R Baines JP Mr D R Bremmer JP. and SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT H-MH/11-V3 Heard at Field House On 28 May 2004 FT (National Service Fear of GIA) Algeria [2004] UKIAT 00212 IMMIGRATION APPEAL TRIBUNAL notified: Date Determination 04 August 2004. Before : Mr C P Mather

More information

http://e-asia.uoregon.edu HONG KONG TRADE SUMMARY The U.S. trade surplus with Hong Kong was $6.5 billion in 2004, an increase of $1.8 billion from $4.7 billion in 2003. U.S. goods exports in 2004 were

More information

Introduction to Doing Business in Myanmar.

Introduction to Doing Business in Myanmar. Introduction to Doing Business in Myanmar www.charltonslaw.com 0 Myanmar: Country Profile Population: Approximately 62.12 million* Total area: 676,578 km 2 (second largest country by area in Southeast

More information

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED

LINCOLN LEGAL SERVICES (MYANMAR) LIMITED Dear Readers, It is with pride that we announce the start of our new law firm: Please welcome Lincoln Legal Services (Myanmar) Ltd. to this world! It is an exciting time to start a new firm in Myanmar:

More information

No January Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter!

No January Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter! No. 54 5 January 2015 Welcome to a new edition of our newsletter! The Securities Business Supervisory Commission has today announced the requirements to be fulfilled by applicants for a securities business

More information

UNIVERSAL LINK SERVICE CO., LTD THINN HTUT THIDAR CEO UNIVERSAL LINK SERVICE CO., LTD

UNIVERSAL LINK SERVICE CO., LTD THINN HTUT THIDAR CEO UNIVERSAL LINK SERVICE CO., LTD THINN HTUT THIDAR CEO TOTAL : 2.848 BILLION INDIA 1.21 Billion CHINA 1.35 Billion BANGLADESH 152 Million 63 Million LAO 7 Million BAY OF BANGOL THAILAND 66 Million ANDAMAN SEA 40.3% OF WORLD POPULATION

More information

This form must be fully completed, signed and dated. Please delete accordingly and/ or state "N/A" if not applicable.

This form must be fully completed, signed and dated. Please delete accordingly and/ or state N/A if not applicable. For PATA Use Only PATA Travel Mart 2014 Diamond Island Convention and Exhibition Center, Phnom Penh, Cambodia 17-19 September 2014 SELLER ORGANISATION REGISTRATION APPLICATION ID# Date Batch# Appt# Booth

More information

Bumpy roads for Myanmar's automotive market after end to used car imports

Bumpy roads for Myanmar's automotive market after end to used car imports Bumpy roads for Myanmar's automotive market after end to used car imports The government has finally closed the door on the import of used vehicles from Japan, but many are concerned that the policy changes

More information

ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW IN THAILAND. A Practical Guide for Investors

ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW IN THAILAND. A Practical Guide for Investors ANTI-CORRUPTION LAW IN THAILAND A Practical Guide for Investors CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 Overview of Corruption in Thailand 1 ANTI-CORRUPTION IN THAILAND 3 What is considered corruption in Thailand?

More information

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue October 2017

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue October 2017 www.pwc.com/mm PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue 78 13 October 2017 1. Weekly Key Financial & Business News PwC October 2017 2 Weekly Key Financial & Business News Headlines ASEAN s largest

More information

Malaysia company registration

Malaysia company registration Malaysia company registration Table of contents For over a decade, Healy Consultants has efficiently and effectively assisted our Clients with registering their business in Malaysia. We help our Clients

More information

Myanmar Legislation, Tax and Accounting Systems. 12 July 2013 Wirat Sirikajornkij

Myanmar Legislation, Tax and Accounting Systems. 12 July 2013 Wirat Sirikajornkij Myanmar Legislation, Tax and Accounting Systems 12 Wirat Sirikajornkij Disclaimer This brief presentation on Myanmar tax and structuring investments into Myanmar is intended to provide an introduction

More information

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue October 2017

PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue October 2017 www.pwc.com/mm PwC Myanmar Weekly Business Intelligence Issue 79 20 October 2017 1. Weekly Key Financial & Business News PwC October 2017 2 Weekly Key Financial & Business News Headlines Frustration mounts

More information

Section 2 Initiatives to expand foreign direct investment in Japan

Section 2 Initiatives to expand foreign direct investment in Japan Section 2 Initiatives to expand foreign direct investment in Japan 1.Government goals (1) Position under the Japan Revitalization Strategy Under the Japan Revitalization Strategy JAPAN is BACK (approved

More information

Investment Trend and Economic Situation in Myanmar

Investment Trend and Economic Situation in Myanmar Investment Trend and Economic Situation in Myanmar Dr. Marlar Myo Nyunt Director Directorate of Investment and Company Administration Myanmar Economic Policies Expanding our financial resources Improving

More information

ON STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO. Based on Article 65 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo,

ON STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO. Based on Article 65 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo, LAW No. 05/L-079 ON STRATEGIC INVESTMENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO The Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo; Based on Article 65 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo, Approves LAW ON STRATEGIC

More information

HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE LEGAL GUIDE THIRD EDITION

HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE LEGAL GUIDE THIRD EDITION HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE 2016 01 MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE LEGAL GUIDE THIRD EDITION April 2016 02 MYANMAR INVESTMENT GUIDE 2016 HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS MYANMAR

More information

Sri Lanka The hub of South Asia.

Sri Lanka The hub of South Asia. Sri Lanka The hub of South Asia SRI LANKA AT A GLANCE Capital (Commercial) Colombo Capital (Administrative) Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte Area 65,525 sq km Population 21,409,381 (July 2017 est.) Official Language

More information

Investment in Myanmar Tax updates. 16 August 2017

Investment in Myanmar Tax updates. 16 August 2017 Investment in Myanmar Tax updates 16 August 2017 Agenda Overview of foreign investment in Myanmar Taxation system in Myanmar Investment incentives Hot topics and recent updates Other considerations Page

More information

Establishing a Corporate Set-Up in Myanmar Updated: March 2016

Establishing a Corporate Set-Up in Myanmar Updated: March 2016 Establishing a Corporate Set-Up in Myanmar Updated: March 2016 Legal and Tax Advice www.luther-lawfirm.com Corporate Services www.luther-services.com Myanmar Establishing a Corporate Set-Up in Myanmar

More information

ESTABLISHING A LEGAL ENTITY UNDER MYANMAR LAW

ESTABLISHING A LEGAL ENTITY UNDER MYANMAR LAW ESTABLISHING A LEGAL ENTITY UNDER MYANMAR LAW May 2017 I. THE MYANMAR INVESTMENT COMMISSION PERMIT 1.1. Myanmar Investment Commission permit requirement An investor wishing to set up a business may implement

More information

CEOs Less Optimistic about Global Economy for 2015

CEOs Less Optimistic about Global Economy for 2015 Press Release Date 22 January 2014 Contact Vu Thi Thu Nguyet Tel: (04) 3946 2246, Ext. 4690; Mobile: 0947 093 998 E-mail: vu.thi.thu.nguyet@vn.pwc.com Pages 6 CEOs Less Optimistic about Global Economy

More information

Inside Business with AustCham: Myanmar Update. Christopher Chit Tun Consulting Director, Deloitte Consulting Southeast Asia

Inside Business with AustCham: Myanmar Update. Christopher Chit Tun Consulting Director, Deloitte Consulting Southeast Asia Inside Business with AustCham: Myanmar Update Christopher Chit Tun Consulting Director, Deloitte Consulting Southeast Asia Peter Coleman Executive Director, Forensic Services, Deloitte Touch Tohmatsu,

More information

Doing Business in Myanmar: An Introduction

Doing Business in Myanmar: An Introduction Doing Business in Myanmar: An Introduction Minn Naing Oo Managing Director Allen & Gledhill (Myanmar) Co., Ltd 4 November 2015 Introduction to Allen & Gledhill Singapore 1 Established in 1902 One of the

More information

Myanmar Citizens Bank Ltd

Myanmar Citizens Bank Ltd Myanmar Citizens Bank Ltd Annual Report submitted at 26 th Annual General Meeting Of 2017-2018 Financial Year By Board of Directors Contents Page No. 1. Introduction 02 2. Our Branches 04 3. Board of Directors

More information

Energy Projects in the Mekong Region

Energy Projects in the Mekong Region CLICK TO EDIT MASTER TITLE STYLE Energy Projects in the Mekong Region IBA Annual Meeting Tokyo IBA Power Law Committee Panel 22th October 2014 B A N G L A D E S H C A M B O D I A I N D O N E S I A L A

More information

Government Bond Market Development in Myanmar

Government Bond Market Development in Myanmar Government Bond Market Development in Myanmar Daw Si Si Pyone Deputy Director General Treasury Department 11-8-2017 Ministry of Planning and Finance 1 Outlines I. Key Milestones in Development of Treasury

More information

UK Trade in Numbers. February 2019

UK Trade in Numbers. February 2019 UK Trade in Numbers February 2019 Disclaimer The figures used in this pocketbook are the latest at the time of publication. We include figures from monthly and quarterly publications, such as ONS Balance

More information

Parallel Session 6: Economic reforms and opening in LDCs

Parallel Session 6: Economic reforms and opening in LDCs ASIA-PACIFIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING NETWORK ON TRADE ARTNeT CONFERENCE ARTNeT Trade Economists Conference Trade in the Asian century - delivering on the promise of economic prosperity 22-23 rd September

More information

Social Media s Bright Light: the exposure risk to Boards and Risk Managers

Social Media s Bright Light: the exposure risk to Boards and Risk Managers Social Media s Bright Light: the exposure risk to Boards and Risk Managers Smart devices 6.4 billion worldwide in 2016 20.8 billion worldwide by 2020 51% of journalists report they would be unable to

More information

GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES CONFERENCE 2015 INDONESIA-CURRENT OUTLOOK FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT. Richard Cant-North American Director October 12 th, 2015

GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES CONFERENCE 2015 INDONESIA-CURRENT OUTLOOK FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT. Richard Cant-North American Director October 12 th, 2015 GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES CONFERENCE 2015 INDONESIA-CURRENT OUTLOOK FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT Richard Cant-North American Director October 12 th, 2015 www.dezshira.com About Dezan Shira & Associates We are

More information

Bi-Weekly Bulletin. In This Issue: Legislation. Economy. Business News Update. Tender. 6 th June, 2018 Issue 1

Bi-Weekly Bulletin. In This Issue: Legislation. Economy. Business News Update. Tender. 6 th June, 2018 Issue 1 Bi-Weekly Bulletin 6 th June, 2018 Issue 1 In This Issue: Legislation Myanmar opens up for foreign wholesalers and retailers 4,800 daily minimum wage set officially New Investment Economy Zay Kabar signed

More information

Asset Management Association of Korea

Asset Management Association of Korea COUNTRY REPORT KOREA Asset Management Association of Korea 1. Economic and Financial Background 1) General economic development Korea s GDP grew by 5.0% in on a preliminary basis, slightly lower than the

More information

Existing Score. Proposed Score

Existing Score. Proposed Score RISK AREA QUESTION 11 Does the country have a process for acquisition planning that involves clear oversight, and is it publicly available? POLITICAL DEFENSE BUDGETS - Decree n 1039-2014 dated 13 March

More information

For personal use only

For personal use only Print https://www1.sgxnet.sgx.com/imc/imc/imc.jsp?locale=en Page 1 of 1 01/10/2014 View 'General Announcement' Announcement - SG141001OTHRGYZB Issuer & Securities Issuer/ Manager SINGAPORE TELECOMMUNICATIONS

More information

Joint Economic Briefing Impact of the Philippine Elections on Foreign Investments

Joint Economic Briefing Impact of the Philippine Elections on Foreign Investments Joint Economic Briefing Impact of the Philippine Elections on Foreign Investments New World Hotel, Makati City Peter Wallace Wallace Business Forum April 18,2016 QRT POL JULY 26, 2015 1 PH s Foreign Direct

More information

Investment Environment in Laos LAND OF AMPLE OPPORTUNITIES AND SUCCESS

Investment Environment in Laos LAND OF AMPLE OPPORTUNITIES AND SUCCESS Investment Environment in Laos LAND OF AMPLE OPPORTUNITIES AND SUCCESS outline 1. Economy and Investment Overview 2. Investment Opportunities 3. Initiative on the Public Private Partnership (PPP) 4. Challenges

More information

An Assessment of the Fiscal Policy in Cambodia. Valerie Mitchell Group Global. October 28, 2001

An Assessment of the Fiscal Policy in Cambodia. Valerie Mitchell Group Global. October 28, 2001 Fiscal Policy - Cambodia Page 1 of 6 Interim Report to the Market Expansion Committee of General Electric Appliances - Asia An Assessment of the Fiscal Policy in Cambodia Valerie Mitchell Group Global

More information

Global Expression of Interest For. Sourcing of Coal for Trombay Thermal Power Station

Global Expression of Interest For. Sourcing of Coal for Trombay Thermal Power Station Global Expression of Interest For Sourcing of Coal for Trombay Thermal Power Station The Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power) has a generating station named Trombay Thermal Power Station at Trombay,

More information

Division on Investment and Enterprise

Division on Investment and Enterprise Division on Investment and Enterprise Readers are encouraged to use the data in this publication for non-commercial purposes, provided acknowledgement is explicitly given to UNCTAD, together with the reference

More information

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC

FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook. Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC FDI in Myanmar and Its Outlook Aung Naing Oo Director General / Secretary MIC Outline Myanmar Nowadays Trend of Investment New Investment Law Outlook Way Forward Myanmar Nowadays Foreign Investment in

More information

The Global Summit of Women 2009 Santiago, Chile May 14-16

The Global Summit of Women 2009 Santiago, Chile May 14-16 The Global Summit of Women 2009 Santiago, Chile May 14-16 Presentation on Doing Business in Chile By Bruno Philippi, President, SOFOFA (Federacion Gremial de la Industria), Chile Global Summit of Women

More information

COMPLETION OF IHLCA PROJECT REPORT

COMPLETION OF IHLCA PROJECT REPORT Integrated Household Living Conditions Assessment Project (IHLCA) MYA/01/005 COMPLETION OF IHLCA PROJECT REPORT 31 September Content Topic Page No. I. Introduction and background 1 II. Project Objectives

More information

INVESTMENT environments IN VIETNAM

INVESTMENT environments IN VIETNAM VIETNAM The Economic and Cultural Office in Taipei INVESTMENT environments IN VIETNAM Mr. Bui Trong Dinh Assistant to the Head Office / in charge of investment Taipei - October 2010 1 VIETNAM investment

More information

MYANMAR LEGAL. Myanmar Upstream Oil & Gas Sector. July 2013

MYANMAR LEGAL. Myanmar Upstream Oil & Gas Sector. July 2013 7/160713 Myanmar Upstream Oil & Gas Sector July 2013 Albert T. Chandler Chandler & Thong-ek Law Offices Ltd. 7/F Bubhajit Building 20 North Sathorn Road Bangkok 10500, Thailand T: (662) 266-6485 www.ctlo.com

More information

MYANMAR. Solar PV in Myanmar

MYANMAR. Solar PV in Myanmar MYANMAR ATC 031117 Solar PV in Myanmar Day 2: 30 November 2016 Revised October 2017 Solar PV in Myanmar Myanmar Legal Services Limited 22/D Malikha Street (off Parami Road) Mayangone Township Yangon, Myanmar

More information

Survey Report on the Use of Free Trade Agreements in Myanmar

Survey Report on the Use of Free Trade Agreements in Myanmar Chapter 8 Survey Report on the Use of Free Trade Agreements in Myanmar Sandar Oo Thida Kyu Zin Zin Naing Yangon University of Economics August 2015 This chapter should be cited as Oo, S., T. Kyu and Z.

More information