ARGENTINA. 1. Name of program. Unemployed Household Heads Program

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1 ARGENTINA 1. Name of program. Unemployed Household Heads Program 2. Name of institution where program is located. Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security of the Nation. 3. Address. Secretaria de Empleo, Alem 650. Piso 15. Ciudad de Buenos Aires CP (1001). Tel /81, Lic. Enrique Deibe. Website Start date (or expected) of the program. April 3 rd, End date (if temporary). In execution until December Objective. Alleviate unemployment impacts and the deep economic crisis, ensuring a minimum monthly income to all the Argentinean households whose heads are unemployed. 7. Components. The program provides a cash transference to each beneficiary. 8. Target population. The beneficiaries are the unemployed head of households, whose children are under 18 years old or handicapped, or whose spouse/partner is severely ill. 9. Budget. Not available. 10. Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population Current year Households Individual beneficiaries % Final goal Households Individual beneficiaries In what year? Conditionalities. The beneficiaries have to present schooling certificates for their children, sanitary control constancy and the vaccination schedule, and should reside in the country on a permanent basis. In addition, 20 hours of workfare a week is mandatory. 12. Transfer Amount and Frequency. All the beneficiaries receive US$ on a monthly basis. 13. Executing Agencies. The Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security of the Nation is the responsible for the administration, coordination and monitoring of the program. The program is composed of various components. At the central level, the Ministry of Labor is in charge of the following: labor reinsertion, education completion, community infrastructure and services, and the Ministry of Social Development is in charge of socio productive projects. The implementation of th e program is decentralized at the municipal and consultative council levels. Also, in order to increase efficiency, the government has created a National

2 Council for the administration, execution and control conformed of representatives from the business, union, civil society, religious groups and government areas. 14. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. The coordination of the various executing agencies is performed through regional offices that the Ministry of Labor has in each province. These offices are the ones in charge of the program information, and the operational centers. Also, there is an information system which connects all of the agencies online. 15. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. The Ministry of Labor defines criter ia at the central level and consolidates the information sent by the municipalities. The municipalities are in charge of registering beneficiaries for access to economic assistance and to maintain the documentation to verify the eligibility criteria. The local consultative councils approve the projects presented by the municipality and other civil society organizations, where the beneficiaries will perform 20 hours of mandatory workfare; and are also in charge of the eligibility compliance criteria of the beneficiaries. The supervision of the beneficiary information and the projects, as well as the technical evaluation, is done through the regional offices of the Ministry of Labor. 16. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Since the start, the program had massive diffusion through various communication channels. Currently, information about the program can be accessed through the Ministry of Labor website at: Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. Not available. 18. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. Before making the cash transference to the beneficiaries, the National Agency for Social Security will crosscheck information with various databases to check that the participants are not enrolled in another program, nor have unemployment insurance and are not employed in the formal sector. Periodically, data controls are performed by the municipalities in a beneficiary sample and projects visits are conducted where the workfare is performed. 19. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. The beneficiaries exit the program when it is proven that they do not comply with the admission requirements, (work in the formal sector, children are 18 years old, etc). To a lesser extent, and in a heterogeneous manner, the beneficiaries also exit when they do not comply with the workfare established by the program in any component. 20. List of main indicators to monitor the program. Direct beneficiaries (total and by province) Number of beneficiaries that participate in the program % of beneficiaries with complete registration information by province Number of beneficiaries that do workfare by activity (infrastructure projects with or with no funding, community, training, education, private employment) Number of beneficiaries (with or with no materials funding), total and by province Beneficiary Characteristics: gender, previous economic situation, educational level, number of children, training programs, household income, and education and sanitary certificates. Budget / Process Number of projects in execution by province Number of projects presented and evaluated by province Number of projects visited for evaluation by province Number of projects with supervision materials funding Number of projects visited with no materials funding Number of total visits and by project by province

3 Number of supervision visits by municipality to review the beneficiary registration system by province Number of supervision visits for training and basic education Beneficiary payment Cumulative payment to beneficiaries of projects (with or with no materials funding) Total payments Performance and Project cost (total and by province) Number of projects by type Targeting level in poor areas/participation/coverage Relation of beneficiary payment to NBI incidence in each province % of projects with NGO participation, civil society organizations (total and by province) Number of beneficiaries and households with less than 18 years old children by province and municipality Project cycle with materials funding Number of projects: presented, feasible, approved, finalized % of projects completed satisfactorily (that could be executed) 21. Monitoring and evaluation system. Includes the evaluation of the program targeting system and the impact of the sub projects financed in each place, as well as the characteristics of the beneficiaries and the monitoring of the implementation of the program according to the established indicators. The main evaluation is based on the Permanent Household Surveys conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INDEC), which has been modified to include a special module to reveal information about the characteristics of the beneficiaries and the workfare compliance. 22. and weaknesses of the program Program Design Stimulate the participation of non government and grass roots organizations for the monitoring and evaluation of projects Promote women participation Maintain the cash transference at an adequate level for the targeting towards the poorest population Generate secondary benefits to poor areas through the financing of small social infrastructure projects Some of the eligibility criteria are difficult to verify (household head/unemployed in a country were almost 50 % of the work force belongs to the informal sector). Targeting, Enrollment and Compliance Around half of the participants come from the poorest quintile of Argentinean families, and all of them, except for 10% are under the official poverty line. This is greater than the average social expenditure in Argentina.

4 The eligibility criteria were not applied rigorously. The objective of targeting only unemployed household heads with dependents, was not fulfilled. Actually, a great number of participants were women, who are not household heads. Institutional Arrangements and The decentralization made it possible to put into execution a large program in a record time, but the municipalities collapsed due to lack of administrative and processes strengthening. Community and Local Participation Involvement of civil society organizations in the control of the program Persistence of some clientelism mechanisms regarding beneficiary enrollment and requirement control. Monitoring and Evaluation Improvement and strengthening of the evaluation system and monitoring results. In addition, there are more human resources for the supervision and evaluation of the activities in the field. in the beneficiary database (beneficiary and households characteristics) 23. Additional information The Unemployed Household Heads Program in Argentina is not strictly a conditional cash transfer program. The program could be better identified as a workfare program.

5 BRAZIL 1. Name of program. Bolsa Família. 2. Name of institution where program is located. Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social 3. Address. Nenhuma informação Telephone / / Website bolsa.familia@previdencia.gov.br 4. Start date (or expected) of the program End date (if temporary). Not available 6. Objectives. Fight hunger, poverty and inequality through financial transfer benefits linked to guaranteeing access to basic social services for health, education, social assistance and food security. Promote social inclusion, contributing to beneficiaries families emanc ipation, establishing better conditions so they can come out of their vulnerability stage. 7. Components. Cash Transfer: Basic Benefit. Provided to families in extreme poverty, independently of the family composition and members of the family group. Variable Benefit. Provided to poor families extreme poverty that have under their responsibilities, children between 0 and 16 years old, up to 2 benefits per family. 8. Target population. Family under extreme poverty, with a monthly per capita income up to R$ 50,00 Poor or extreme poor families with children between 0 and 16 (group 1 and 2) with a monthly per capita income up to R$100. The families that will be supported first will be the ones that are under the Unique Registration System (Cadastro Unico). 9. Coverage. (US$). Not available Type of Beneficiary Number (target population) Final goal 2004 Families 3,615, Conditionalities. Follow up of the health and nutritional state of the families: all the member of the beneficiary family should participate in the health follow up. School frequency: All the children of schooling should be enrolled in school and should be attending

6 Nutritional Education: All the beneficiary families should participate in the educational nutrition actions offered by the Federal, State of Municipal Government, when offered 11. Transfer amount and frequency. The basic benefit will be offered to the families under extreme poverty. The value of this benefit is R$50 on a monthly basis, independently of the family composition. The variable benefic, with a minimum value of R$ 15,00 will be provided to poor and extreme poor families that have children between 0 and 16 years old, up to 3 benefits per family, that is R$ 45,00 The families under extreme poverty could accum ulate the basic and the variable benefits to a maximum of R$95 a month, (R$50 of the basic benefit plus R$45 of the variable benefit). The families under extreme poverty with an income between R$ 51,00 and R$ 100,00 could receive up to R$ 45, Executing Agencies. The Federal, State and Municipal governments are co responsible. The selection of families for the inclusion in the program will be a united effort, an accord between the Union, the states and the municipalities. 13. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. The program is coordinated between the Interministerial Action Council (CGI), composed by the ministers of the social area that manage the actual programs of cash transfers and also the ministers of Planning and Finance, as well as the Minister-Manager of the Civil House. The Executive Secretary, is the operational arm of the CGI and coordinates the operational part of the Program, with respect to other registration functions, beneficiary payments, monitoring and evaluation. 14. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments Sector Ministries. Participate in the operation of the Program (through the CGI and the Executive Secretary); ensure the inter-sectorial aspects of the Program through the articulation of sector policies; consider and regulate the conditionalities; monitor and compensate for the deficiencies in the supply of social services by the federal entities; accompany the evolution of sector social indicators; and articulate with the respective sectorial councils for the implementation of the Program. State Governments. The States have an essential role in the Program. The intention is to improve the relationship with the governors, which contribute to the design and implementation of the Program. The participation of the States includes technical to logistic support for the execution of the Program in the municipalities as well as an effective coordination, depending on the interests and resources availability of each State. Municipalities. In the municipalities, the Program is implemented through a coordination unit which has the following functions: articulate the various local entities related to the program; interact with the Executive Secretary, the Cashier (Caja) and the provincial governments; and directly support the actual and potential beneficiaries of the Program. The Program counts with a social controller entity that is composed of representatives from the public sector and civil society. According to the decentralized management model, the municipal governments are the main operators of the Program along with the families. 15. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Not available 16. Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. Not available

7 17. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. The ministries are responsible for the conditionalities compliance follow up, as has been occurring with the existent programs. The information gathered by the ministries is reviewed on a trimester basis by the Executive Secretary of the Program, which will consolidate the information. 18. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. The permanence of the program in linked to the maintanence of the eligibility criteria of the family and the compliance of conditionalities. 19. List of main indicators to mon itor the program. Not available 20. Monitoring and evaluation system. Not available 21. and weaknesses of the program. Not available

8 BRASIL 1. Name of program. Guarantee of Minimum Income Program (Renda Mínima). 2. Name of institution where program is located. Municipality of São Paulo Secretary of Development, Labor and Solidarity. 3. Address. Avenida São João, e 5 andar Centro São Paulo SP CEP: Telephone , extension 6099 Website Start date (or expected) of the program. June Objective. Guarantee to children between 0 and 16 years old access to education through a payment of a financial scholarship destined to the household head or the responsible of the child. 6. Components. Education: Financial Cash Transfer. 7. Target population. Children and youth between 0 and 16 years old. 8. Budget. (US$ ; Exchange Rate US$ 1 = R$ 3,9) Year Operational Total amount Total % of GDP Cost of transfers São Paulo ,00 0,8 9. Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population % with respect to population under poverty line Current year Households Individual beneficiaries ,95% 20,5% Final goal Households Individual beneficiaries ,2% 34,1% In what year? Conditionalities. Minimum Income Families: Keep children in school. 11. Transfer amount and frequency. (US$) Type of Beneficiary Families of Minimum Income Education US$ Freq. 25,7 monthly up to 12 months renewable 12. Executing Agencies. The resources are transferred from the public domain to the beneficiaries, through a bank card operation executed by the Bank of Brazil.

9 13. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. The actions are coordinated by the Secretary, through the specific coordination team in charge of the operational part of the Minimum Income Program. 14. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. The is no involvement of the Ministries of Development in the Minimum Income Program, but there is a relationship with the Federal Government along with the Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger to unify all the benefits to avoid the overlapping of efforts between these governmental entities. In the case of the Municipality of São Paulo, due to its specific decentralized system in 32 sub municipalities, it was necessary the involvement of these with the SDTS to make possible the implementation and execution of the Program. 15. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Massive means radio and television. Informational signs in the sub municipalities, convocation of the local leaders and other massive printed means. 16. Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. Criteria was utilized for poverty concentration levels, high levels of violence, low schooling, high level of illiteracy, high concentration levels of children and youth, to prioritize the districts to be supported first. 17. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. Attendance registration of beneficiary students by the program is received on a monthly basis by the secretaries of Education of the Municipality of São Paulo and the State government. The benefit is suspended for students that do not attend school. 18. List of main indicators to monitor the program. Indicator School Attendance Desertion, Repetition and Approval Rates. Definition Attendance of child to school Monitoring of the evolution of these indicators, traditionally utilized for the macro evaluation of actions in the area of education. 19. Monitoring and evaluation system. The program has the objective of guaranteeing access and permanence of child of adolescent in school, which implies school attendance control. 20. and weaknesses of the program. Program Design.. The program permits the access to people under the poverty line (1/2 of the minimum per capita salary), have children of age school (0 a 16 years old) and live in the municipality of São Paulo at least for 2 years.. The people must be registered in the specific periods, within the schedule established by the SDTS, which does not allow the support to people who are categorized as poor, in another point in time.

10 CAMBODIA 1. Name of program: Targeted Assistance for Education of Poor Girls and Children in ethnic minority areas 2. Name of institution where program is located: Directorate General of Education 3. Address: 169 Norodom Blvd. Phnom Penh Contact Phone: Start date (or expected). of the program: 01 Jan End date (if temporary). June Objective. Encourage poorest families to send their children (especially girls) to continue their study and remain studying until the end of grade 9 (end of Basic Education) 7. Components Education: Scholarship distribution 8. Target population Poor children in ethnic minority areas in the case of education. 9. Budget (US $) Year Operational Cost Total amount of Total transfers , , , , , , Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Current year Households Individual beneficiaries Final goal Households Individual beneficiaries Number % with respect to total population % with respect to population under poverty line 6, % 0.12% 15, % 0.26% Rural 80 % Urban 20 %

11 Number % of total Municipalities/Provinces 21 88% Departments/Communes 93 6% 11. Conditionalities Education: no indication 12. Transfer Amount (US$) and Frequency Type of Beneficiary Individual in non ethnic minority areas Individuals in ethnic minority areas live over 9 km Education US$ Freq 45 3 payments $25 $10 $ payments $50 $20 $ Executing agencies. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) is the principal executing agency and contracted NGO s for capacity building and aw areness raising. 14. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. One of the four Scholarship Programs Groups is about to be initiated between all stakeholders (WB, CARE, KAPE, MoEYS, UNICEF, etc.). 15. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. MoEYS is the principal executing agency, the Provincial Education Offices manage at provincial level and the Local Management Committees run the Program at school level. 16. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Communication is possible through the use of existing MoEYS structures. Promotion through the use of NGO s in awareness, they carry out campaigns using traditional theatres. 17. Targeting criteria utilized at the geographical and household level. School targeting: poverty ranking of commune, size of schools and ability to cope with increase in numbers, cap on 10 schools per province, 3 provinces by Belgium Technical Cooperation are not covered. Individual level: Scholarship application form measuring a variety of socio-economic indicators with scores to determine successful candidates. Parents do not own shop/business or work for the government or lend money Main part of house not made of brick and not have tiled roof Do not own items worth over 1,000,000 Riels (=$250.00) 18. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. Exit rule: if students miss 10 days without adequate reason; if students have to repeat the grade. Students must pass the year, not to be absent for more than 10 days. Graduation rule: when students reach 7 th grade. 19. Monitoring and evaluation system. Monitoring: survey of completed application forms, survey of questionnaires, monitoring visits by the Project Management Unit members.

12 20. Indicators to monitor. Number of students selected at the beginning of the year % of students who have dropped out over the year Amount of scholarship money disbursed. 21. Monitoring and evaluation system. Very basic, based on number of students still in school and cash disbursed. A monitoring impact framework is being developed. 22. and weaknesses. Program Design Simple design, usage of local communities to select scholarship candidates based on their application forms. Target group does not reach grade 7. The poorest students drop out in grade 4, 5 and 6. Targeting, Enrollment and Compliance Selection criteria followed as much as possible. Target group is not easily available, especially in ethnic minority areas. Institutional Arrangements Uses government systems. PMU staff is expected to do work on top of other duties. Financial Structure Developed by financial expert from UK. Very weak understanding at PMU; accounting systems are not able to cope with the complexity. Community and Local Participation Uses NGO s high quality results in good LMC capacities. First time MoEYS contracted NGO s. Still learning how to deal with them. Monitoring and Evaluation All information comes back to PMU. There is no baseline data, and there was no framework in place before program start-up.

13 CHILE 1. Name of program. Bridge (Puente), between the family and their rights. 2. Name of institution where program is located. Solidarity and Social Investment Fund FOSIS CHILE. 3. Address. Ahumada 48, piso 9, Santiago de Chile. Telephone (Cecilia Guerra) (Verónica Silva) Website Start date (or expected) of the program. March End date (if temporary). December 31, Objective. Bring integral psycho-social service to families under extreme poverty in the country, in order for them to improve their situation through the completion of 53 minimum conditions of life quality, grouped in 7 dimensions (identification, health, education, family dynamics, housing, work and income) 7. Components. Family Support. Psycho-social personalized support to each of the participant families in their homes by a professional or specialist during 24 months, with a decreasing contact intensity. This work is performed based on a game methodology (with pedagogic material designed specially for this) which allows the families to work with the 7 dimensions and the 53 minimum conditions of quality of life considered. This exercise is structured based on family work sessions and the signing of contracts which allow to comply with the specific tasks conducive to the achievement of the minimum conditions specified. Solidarity Support. During 2 years, the families receive a cash transference, which decreases each semester. The condition to obtain the transference is to have singed the contract mentioned above in the first component. The maintenance of this benefit is conditioned to the effective compliance on the conditions agreed in the corresponding contract. Solidarity System Chile. Comprehensive social protection system, for which the Program Bridge (Puente) is the entrance for participant families. This system is in charge of articulating the public provision available for the compliance of the minimum quality of life conditions established. 8. Target population. Corresponds to the poorest families in the country. 9. Budget. (US $) Year Operational Cost Total amount of transfers Total % of GDP ,430,823 9,095,643 15,526, % ,350,800 17,496,267 22,847, % *Includes support to families in their homes, working materials and administrative costs of the program. ** Only includes cash transference to the families.

14 10. Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population % with respect to population under poverty line Current year Households 101, % 10.6% Individual beneficiaries 478, % 15.5% Final goal Households 225, % 23.3% Individual beneficiaries 1,030, % 33.4% In what year? 2005 Rural: 60% Urban: 40% Number % of total Municipalities % Departments % 11. Conditionalities. The condition to receive the transference is the compliance of the clauses of the contract mentioned earlier. The clauses refer to the 53 minimum quality of life conditions in the following dimensions: identification, health, education, family dynamics, housing, work and income. 12. Transfer amount and frequency. Per family, the total transference is up to US$275, distributed as follows: First semester US $105 (US $17.5 monthly) Second semester US $80 (US $13.3 monthly) Third semester US $55 (US $9.2 monthly) Fourth semester US $35 (US $5.8 monthly) 13. Executing Agencies. The execution agency of the program is the municipality, under the supervision and technical support of the Solidarity and Investment Social Fund FOSIS. For this, an agreement of collaboration is subscribed between them to regulate the specific responsibilities of each. 14. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. In each municipality, there is a Family Intervention Unit, headed by a municipal officer and conformed by Family Support groups that work in the community. In addition, there is an Intervention Local Network in each community, convened by the municipality and composed of the representatives of all the institutions and organizations which provide services and benefits to the families or people under extreme poverty. FOSIS has a team of people in each region of the country (13) which does the supervision and technical support in the communities under that jurisdiction. At the central level, FOSIS has a professional team that establishes the technical norms of the Program, directs, supervises, and evaluates its execution and results. Each level of this performance model is related to the structure of the Solidarity System Chile, which is coordinated by the Ministry of Planning and Cooperation (MIDEPLAN). 15. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. The Municipalities or Local Governments are the ones in charge of executing the Program and the Line Ministries are in

15 charge of the regular programmatic supply for the families to facilitate the achievement of the 53 minimum quality of life conditions defined by the Program. 16. Communication and promotion mechanisms. With respect to communication mechanisms, there is a fluid work relationship between the Municipalities and the local and regional authorities. The Ministry of Planning and Cooperation has a communication strategy for the dissemination of The Solidarity System Chile (for which the Program Bridge is the entrance) across the country. On the other hand, there is no dissemin ation system to attract beneficiaries since there is no application system for the Program Bridge, but rather families are selected and visited at their homes to be offered the services resulting in a participation agreement by signing a formal contract of participation. 17. Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. The Ministry of Planning and Cooperation defines the specific coverage of families to be included and supported in each community of the country, based on information from the National Survey on Socio Economic Characteristics (CASEN) and the survey CAS (official instrument for the social stratification for the poor populations). The families are then invited by strict sequential order according to a score in the form CAS, from greater to lesser relative poverty. 18. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. There is an online monitoring mechanism, which is a web based computational system on which the family support groups register their information and results of each of the working sessions with the families and the subscribed contracts, including content as well as compliance. For this, standardized registration forms are used across the country. On the other hand, the regional FOSIS teams provide supervis ion, advice and technical support to the municipalities; perform periodic inspections in the field for the Family Intervention Units; and select a random sample of families to visit to supervise the work done with them. In addition, the families participation is considered to evaluate the Program, through the execution of evaluative exercises called JUNTOS GANAMOS. 19. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. The participant families remain in the Program for a period of 24 months 20. List of main indicators to monitor the program. The following indicators are calculated at the community (municipal), provincial, regional and national level. % contact coverage progress: N of contacted families / assigned coverage for the period * 100 Rate of effective contact: N of families that accepted participation / total number of contacted families Rate of participation: N of inaccessible families or that do not want to participate / total number of contacted families Rate of interruption: N of interrupted families from the Program (voluntary or involuntary) / total number of participant families Rate of efficiency for minimum conditions compliance: N of families that have complied with a specific minimum condition during their time in the Program / total number of families that should comply with the condition Efficacy rate / result: N of families that have complied with the 53 minimum life quality conditions during their time in the Program / total number of participant families Efficiency / product: Average cost per supported family

16 Quality / intermediate result: % of departing families that manifest satisfaction with the services offered by the Program Quality / process: % of Family Support Groups which approve the quality audit. Economics / process: Percentage of annual executed budget of the Program. 21. Monitoring and evaluation system. A monitoring and progress report of the Program is performed on a monthly basis. With respect to evaluation, external evaluations are performed on specific areas and on general aspects of the program. 22. and weaknesses of the program. Program Design The integration of the actions (various actions from the beneficiaries), the work methodology with the families through game based material directed towards the achievement of specific goals, the availability of specific diagnostic and evaluation indicators which correspond to the 53 minimum conditions. A fundamental assumption of the design is that the institutions of the public network (the ones in charge of the programmatic service supply for the compliance of the minimum conditions of the families) are available to offer services in favor of the benefited families. Even though, great progress has been achieved in this regard, the difficulty has been that the individual goals of the institutions have prevailed over the common ones. Targeting, Enrollment and Compliance The targeting mechanism adopted has been adequate with respect to the transparent and objective selection of beneficiaries, which is a national instrument validated for many years. This has avoided the inclusion of families outside the defined circuit. The registration system is regarded as an excellent management tool which main difficulty has been, in some cases, the lack of access of the Family Support Groups to the Internet. For this, an agreement has been made with institutions that could offer this service free of charge. We estimate that it was valid to determine that the information not included in the system does not exist. What appeared to be rigid at the beginning, has been beneficial for the monitoring and evaluation of the Program. Institutional Arrangements. During the execution of the Program, the Solidarity System Chile has subscribed collaboration agreements with various national and regional institutions related to the minimum quality of life conditions, in order to facilitate its compliance by the family. This has allowed institutions to improve its targeting towards the population in extreme poverty. On the other hand, the Intervention Family Units, conformed by the Municipalities have developed into a well established organizational reference to support families under this condition in the various participant communities.

17 The main difficulty at this point is the rigidity of some of the programmatic supply that has had difficulties in becoming more pertinent toward the needs of this type of families. Financial Structure Fresh resources in the national budget are available for the execution of the Program Bridge (Puente), but no additional budget is available for the programmatic supply which supports the compliance of the minimum conditions. There is a consideration to improve the current programmatic supply, but in some cases, it is clearly insufficient. Community and Local Participation Community participation is expressed by the inclusion of community representatives in the Intervention Local Networks in each community, but it has proven to be insufficient until now. Monitoring and Evaluation The monitoring and evaluation system has been pertinent and of great assistance for the execution of the program and for monitoring the results.

18 1. Name of program. Families in Action. COLOMBIA 2. Name of institution where program is located. Plan Colombia Presidency. 3. Address. Calle 7, No , 2º Piso. Telephone Ext rcombariza@plancolombia.gov.co 4. Start date (or expected) of the program. November, End date (if temporary). June, Objective. To increase the health care in children less than 7 years old, and improve the habits for their health, nutrition and violence prevention within the family. Reduce the lack of attendance to classes and school desertion in primary and secondary school. 7. Components. Education: Cash transfer. Health: Cash transfer. 8. Target population. Households in extreme poverty. Education: Children 7 18 years old level 1 from SISBEN primary and secondary, starting at 2nd grade. The transfer is per child. Nutrition: Children 0-7 years old level 1 from SISBEN The transfer is by family. 9. Budget. (US $) Year Operational Cost Total amount of transfers Total % of GDP % % 10. Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population % with respect to population under poverty line* Current year Households % Individual beneficiaries % 3 % Final goal Households % Individual beneficiaries % 3.6% Current year 2005 Rural: 100% Number % of total Municipalities % Departments 27 84%

19 11. Conditionalities. Education Primary Children under 18 years old: That the child is enrolled in the program, and in school, between 2nd and 5th grade and attendance of at least 80% of classes during the school cycle (2 months). Secondary - Children under 18 years old: That the child is enrolled in the program, and in school, between 6th and 11th grade and attendance of at least 80% of classes during the school cycle (2 months). Nutrition Families with children under 7 years old: That the family is enrolled in the program, have less than 7 years in the program and comply with the growth and development control appointments of the children programmed for the cycle (2 months). 12. Transfer amount and frequency. (US $). Type of Beneficiary Education Nutrition US$ Freq US$ Freq Primary 5 bimonthly Secondary 11 bimonthly Families with children under 7 years old 18 bimonthly 13. Executing Agencies. Administrative Department of the Presidency DAPRE through the Investment Fund for the Peace - FIP. 14. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. A participation agreement was signed with the local governments with the objective of establishing joint cooperation between DAPR, FIP and the Municipality for the development and exec ution of processes and activities, within the framework of the Operational Manual, which is conducive to the achievement of the objectives of the Program. 15. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. The local government should assign a professional (Municipal Liaison) to support the development and execution of the program in the Municipality and to articulate with the health and education sectors the pertinent actions. They should also support the dissemination of the program, promote the participation of citizens and guarantee the provision of municipal health and education services, among others. 16. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Among the dissemination means are: massive channels (local and national television and radio), materials (videos, brochures), promotion through plenary meetings of the Beneficiary Mothers (Municipal Assembly), Leader Mothers meetings (Municipal Committees), and Mothers from the Neighborhoods meetings (Care Encounters). 17. Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. The geographic level targeting was done focusing on municipalities with a population less than 100,000 inhabitants which were included in the SISBEN (Beneficiary Selection System for Social Programs), counted with a financial institution and presented a health and education offer, satisfying thus the requirements of the program. The targeting was done through SISBEN: families of level 1, enrolled in the system before the 31st of December of 1999, and with family members less than 18 years old.

20 18. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. An external firm was hired for the production, distribution, collection and processing of the materials to verify the commitments of the family and children beneficiaries. These materials are distributed to the Municipality Liaisons, who then distribute them to the Leader Mothers and the education and the health entities. The latter are responsible for verifying compliance of the commitments of the beneficiary families. 19. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. Until now, the program excludes families that no longer have members less than 18 years old. 20. List of main indicators to monitor the program. Families with Cash Allocation Number of beneficiary families / Number of qualified beneficiary families (goal). Allocated ($) resources / Programmed ($) resources Children with Cash Allocation Number of beneficiary children / Number of qualified beneficiary children (goal). Families that collect the transfer Number of families th at collect the cash transfer / Number of families with cash allocation. Family and Children with condition compliance Number of families that comply with conditions / Number of beneficiary families. Number of children that comply with conditions / Number of beneficiary children. Leader Mothers Number of leader mothers / Number of beneficiary mothers. Care Encounters Number of Care Encounters performed / Number of Care Encounters programmed. 21. Monitoring and evaluation system. The monitoring and evaluatio n system of the Program consists of four components: (i) internal monitoring, (ii) external sample monitoring spot checks, (iii) social control, and (iv) external impact evaluation. The first refers to the monitoring of the physical and financial progress of the Program, the second performs monitoring in the field and the provision of transfers, the third is the social participation scheme to execute control and supervision by the beneficiary communities, and the fourth is the evaluation to measure the impact of the program regarding the human capital formation of the beneficiary population. 22. and weaknesses of the program. Program Design. Cash transfers and not in kind; cash transfers through financial institutions allows for a transparent process; transfers conditioned to the compliance of obligations by the beneficiaries; resources provided directly to the mothers. To include only the municipalities with a financial institution; not to acknowledge grandparents or other relatives as responsible for the potential child to be benefited. Do not recognize the transfer for children in first grade of primary school or other children which take other formal educational modalities different from the regular during the day session. Targeting, Enrollment and Compliance Targeting through SISBEN (transparency); perform the registration and update of information of potential families with the participation of local administrations,

21 carry out the compliance of conditions through the people directly involved in the process (mothers, health and education institutions Do not have SISBEN updated and clean data. Institutional Arrangements Joint efforts with ICBF and the local administrations for the implementation and operation of the program, reducing administrative and operational costs. To provide the transfer through financial institutions allows for a transparent system and timely delivery of the resources to the families. Municipal administration changes; ICBF restructuring. Community and Local Participation The various encounters of families promoted by the program, such as the Municipal Assembly, the Leader Mothers Committee, the Care Encounters, and the Infancy Encounters, which have all permitted the participation of beneficiary families and children in operational, recreational, and educational activities. Involvement of the mothers in the health, nutrition and education of their children, as well as in Social Policy Municipal Committees. Active participation of local administrations in the execution of the program at the municipal level with direct responsibility, through the municipal liaisons, and education and municipal health institutions. Monitoring and Evaluation Evaluation performed by an external firm; have a baseline and controlling municipalities to measure the final impacts of the program. Evaluate processes that will serve for future social programs. Perform the evaluation through various methodologies (structured and unstructured or qualitative). Have indicators to monitor the development of the program and provide information on the progress or deviations of the various operational processes and goals of the program. Perform monitoring through internal and external staff.

22 ECUADOR 1. Name of program. Social Protection Program. 2. Name of institution where program is located. Social Well-Being Ministry. 3. Address. Mariscal Foch E4-38 y Av. Colón, Quito - Ecuador. Telephone Website Start date (or expected) of the program. June 15, Objective. Mitigate poverty through the delivery of direct cash transfers; support the access of the less advantaged population to health and education services. 6. Components. Human Development Benefit: Direct cash transfer. 7. Target Population. Families under the 1st and 2nd quintiles of poverty. 8. Budget. (US $) Year Operational Cost Total amount of transfers Total % of GDP %* 2005** * GDP year 2001 ** Not available 9. Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population % with respect to population under poverty line Current year 2003 Households % 75.26% Individual beneficiaries % 75.26% Final goal 2004 Households % 77.42% Individual beneficiaries % 77.42% Rural: 48.44% Urban: 51.46% Number % of total Municipalities % 10. Conditionalities. Education: Children between 6 and 16 years old have to comply with at least 91% attendance. Health: Families with children less than 6 years old and pregnant mothers should assist to preventive health care visits to the health center closest to their homes on a bimonthly basis. 11. Transfer amount and frequency. The cash transference per family is US $15 monthly.

23 12. Executing Agencies. Ministry of Education Health area of the Ministry of Public Health Social Protection Program Beneficiary Selection Program (SelBen)- Tecnical Secretary of the Social Front Private Banks 13. Inter-agency coordination mechanisms. Direct coordination through regular meetings. 14. Relationship/role of line ministries, local governments. The Social Protection Program is an entity under the Ministry of Social Well-being. The local governments support the targeting of beneficiaries. 15. Communication and promotion mechanisms. Campaign through radio, information publications, public releases, brochures, flyers and information bulletins. 16. Targeting criteria at the geographical and household level. The Program targets families under extreme poverty through the Beneficiary Selection System (SelBen) which measures the well-being conditions of families and elaborates a database which the Social Protection Program uses for inclusion and exclusion activities for beneficiaries. 17. Mechanism to monitor compliance with program conditionalities. Forms are provided to the basic education and health centers to verify class attendance and health records. There is also cross check of information between the payment institutions and the corresponding education and health provider centers. 18. Exit rule or graduation mechanism. SelBen performs surveys every 3 years for this purpose. 19. Monitoring and evaluation system. An information system based on technology such as Business Intelligence is used, which permits the display of all the integrated information of the various programs through Balanced Scored Cards (BSC), Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and Dashboards, online to facilitate the access to this information. Also, a sampling is used, where the primary units are the parishes, the secondary, the educational and health centers, and the third the students (conditionality compliance records). 20. and weaknesses of the program. Program Design Presence of trained and experienced technicians in the topic. Targeting, Enrollment and Compliance Have databases which allow cross checks with other entities that support the targeting, registering and compliance of beneficiaries. Institutional Arrangements Inter-institutional agreements that provide information about the beneficiaries of the program. Financial Structure 100% budget from the State.

24 Community and Local Participation Agreements with local governments for targeting beneficiaries and transferring benefits. Monitoring and Evaluation Compliance with the Annual Operational Manual.

25 HONDURAS 1. Name of program. PRAF Project IADB Phase II. 2. Name of institution where program is located. Family Allocation Program (PRAF) Start date (or expected) of the program. January 2, End date (if temporary). March 5, Objective. Strengthen the human capital of the poorest communities of the country by an approach of offering health and education services, training mothers for better nutritional and hygienic practices and ensuring a cash transfer to improve the nutritional intake. 7. Components. Education: Electronic Cash Transference, training materials. Health: Electronic Cash Transference. Nutrition: Training Materials. Others: Electronic Cash Transference for instit utional birth delivery. 8. Target population. Education: Poor children between 6 and 12 years old. Health: Poor children between 0 and 5 years old. Nutrition: Poor children between 0 and 5 years old. Others: Poor women in fertile age. 9. Budget. (US$) Year Operational Total amount of Total Cost transfers Coverage. Type of Beneficiary (target population) Number % with respect to total population Current year Households % Individual beneficiaries % Final goal Households Individual beneficiaries In what year? 2004 Rural 84.37% Urban % Number Municipalities 50 Departments 7