Introduction to Free Trade Agreements. Monica Banken
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1 Introduction to Free Trade Agreements Monica Banken
2 What is a Free Trade Agreement (FTA)? Reciprocal agreements between countries that eliminate or reduce tariffs and trade barriers Tool for promoting fair competition 283 Free Trade Agreements around the world
3 Current US FTAs US has negotiated FTAs with 17 countries These countries in 2009 purchased more than 40% of US exports US is world s largest exporter, with exports valued at $1.8 trillion Jobs supported by exports pay as much as 18% above the national average 97% of US exporters are small to medium-sized businesses One in three acres of US agricultural production is exported
4 US Exports (2006)
5 17 US FTAs in force Israel: US-Israel Free Trade Agreement (incl. Palestinian Authority) NAFTA Jordan: US-Jordan Free Trade Agreement Australia: Australia-United States Free Trade Agreement Chile: United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Singapore: US-Singapore Free Trade Agreement CAFTA-DR Bahrain: United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement Morocco: United States-Morocco Free Trade Agreement Oman: US-Oman Free Trade Agreement Peru: United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement
6 Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) Fast track authority Stipulates mandatory congressional consideration, limited debate, no amendments Vote taken 90 days from time brought to Congress Expired on July 1, 2007
7 Trade and California In 2008, California exported $145 billion in manufactured goods, which supported over 1,066,000 manufacturing jobs In 2008, California exported over $13.6 billion in agricultural products, which supported over 157,500 agricultural jobs 95% of the 55,878 California companies that exported goods in 2007 were small and medium-sized enterprises with fewer than 500 employees.
8 Leading California Export Markets (In $ U.S. Billions) Partner World Total Mexico Canada Japan China South Korea Hong Kong Germany Taiwan United Kingdom Netherlands Australia Singapore
9 Foreign Investment Creates Jobs In California California s exports to free trade agreement partners have surged North American FTA 196% increase since 1993* U.S.-Chile FTA 626% increase since 2004* U.S.-Australia FTA 28% increase since 2005* U.S.-CAFTA-DR 77% increase since 2006* U.S.-Morocco FTA 73% increase since 2006* *Year of Implementation
10 Public opinion of free trade Poll in Nov from Pew Research Center
11 US Korea FTA Trade Volume Korea is the US 7th largest trading partner and 8th largest export market In 2009, US exports to Korea reached $29 billion and bilateral trade reached $67 billion US exports to Korea have increased 100% since 1990 Korea is CA s 5th largest exporting partner Investment The US is the single largest foreign investor in Korea Tariffs Korea s average tariff rate on all products is 12% US average tariff rate is 4% Korea s average tariff rate on agricultural goods is 49% (compared to 12% for US) Exports For every $1 billion in exports, 6250 manufacturing jobs are created or supported (acc. to US DOC)
12 US Korea FTA provisions More than half of current US agricultural exports to Korea will become duty free immediately Almost 95% of all bilateral trade in consumer and industrial products will become duty free within three years, with the rest becoming duty free in 10 years Implementation of the FTA will create 70,000 new jobs in US (acc. to US DOC) Failure to implement FTA will lead to loss of market share to other countries and lose over 345,000 US jobs FTA will increase US exports to Korea by $11 billion and reduce the US deficit by $4 billion
13 US Colombia FTA Over 9000 US companies export products to Colombia, more than 85% are small/medium sized companies In 2009, CA exported over $328 million to Colombia- the state s 35th largest export market Colombia is our fifth largest trading partner in Latin America
14 US Panama FTA In 2009, US had a trade surplus with Panama, with exports totaling $4.4 billion and imports slightly under $305 million California exports to Panama totaled $228 million, making it US 43rd largest export market Panama s strategic location as shipping route shows its importance If FTA passes, 88% of US consumer and industrial exports to Panama will become duty free immediately 60% of agriculture products will become duty free immediately
15 Drumbeat of support for pending FTAs Time to act on free trade By Editorial Sunday, March 13, 2011; 9:09 PM GOP says all or nothing on trade deals By Ian Swanson - 03/10/11 07:04 AM ET Bush and Clinton aides prod Obama on Latam trade deals By Doug Palmer Wed Mar 2, 4:25 pm ET
16 Status of pending FTAs US Korea FTA- possible vote by Spring 2011 US Colombia FTA- pending US Panama FTA- USTR working to resolve issues about labor and tax in 2011
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