Greenhouse Gas Reporting and Accruals. Steve Heinz, PE, CEM, CMVP Founder & CEO EnergyCAP, Inc.

Transcription

1 Greenhouse Gas Reporting and Accruals Steve Heinz, PE, CEM, CMVP Founder & CEO EnergyCAP, Inc.

2 Greenhouse Gas Fundamentals

3 Global Energy Flows W m -2 The Greenhouse Effect Infrared energy flows marked X would not exist without greenhouse gases

4 The Greenhouse Effect The solar constant is 1361 watts/sq meter, reduced to 341 watts/sq meter due to geometry and rotation The net absorbed energy is 0.9 watts/sq meter (0.07% of sun s incident energy) Even a slight increase in this over time will cause a gradual warming effect, all other factors being held constant (and they aren t)

5 Six gases that have greenhouse effect potential: Carbon dioxide (multiplier = 1) Methane (multiplier = 21) Nitrous oxide (multiplier = 310) Chlorofluorocarbons (sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons)

6 Greenhouse Gas Fundamentals Measured in equivalent metric tons of CO2 (often shown as CO2e) Metric ton=1,000 kg=2,205 lbs U.S. national average is 20 mton/person/yr

7 EPA s egrid Subregions

8 EPA s egrid Database Pounds of C0 2 equivalent per MWh egrid 2014 Just Released (Jan 2017)

9 EPA s GHG Equivalencies

10 How is GHG Used in EnergyCAP? Live Demo: Meter Building and Organizational rollups Solar and renewable GHG credits use special template line item! GHG Reports

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12 Accruals can be hard to love! (If you have no interest in Accruals you can flee now without hurting my feelings!)

13 What Is An Accrual? An accrual is a gap-filling estimate to complete an accounting period.

14 An Accrual Fills A Gap

15 When Are Accruals Helpful? Fiscal period profit and loss financial statements More accurate close of each fiscal period Expense performance vs. budget

16 How are accruals created? Method 1 (BL33 series of reports; included in license): Simple cost/day using most recent bill Calculate ADC from most recent bill Multiply ADC x # days in accrual gap This yields a reasonable accrual cost But beware of seasonality!

17 How are accruals created? Method 2 (Bill records created in EnergyCAP; optional license): Same-period use/day from last year and AUC of most recent bill Calculate ADU from same month in prior years Multiply ADU x AUC of most recent bill This yields a more accurate accrual in most cases if historical bills are available and accurate

18 How are accruals created? Method 3 (Bill records created in EnergyCAP; possible future option): Actual interval (15-minute) data and rate schedule Use near real-time smart meter data Apply actual utility company rate schedule Potentially very accurate, but beware of rate complications! Use current AUC for simplicity. Not available in EnergyCAP at this time; will be added in a future year if requested by users. Will require Smart CAPture of interval data.

19 Accruals example Accrual using the same-period use/day from the average of three prior years and the most recent AUC

20 Billing Period Ends 10/27

21 Bill Ended 10/27 Fiscal Period Ends 11/9

22 Incomplete Fiscal Period by 13 days

23 Meter is weather sensitive

24 Accrual is processed

25 Accrual is created for 13 days

26 Accrual reversal Remove accrual to avoid double entries Delete/void accrual when actual bill arrives, or Reverse with equal and opposite transaction (this option not in EnergyCAP Online at this time)

27 Accrual Workflow Method 1 in EnergyCAP Use BL33 Report - Good enough for fiscal year-end accruals (New BL33B Accrual Spreadsheet includes G/L)

28 Accrual Workflow Method 2 in EnergyCAP Use Bill Processing Accruals Use when P&L is important every fiscal period

29 Are Weather Adjustments Worth It?

30 Should Accruals Be Included In PowerViews?

31 Should Accruals Be Included In Reports?

32 Filter Accruals Out of Bill Lists

33 Filter Accruals Out of Bill Lists

34 With the right tools, accruals can be very useful! Note: Accruals are a validated option in EnergyCAP, not included in every license.