General Mathematics 2004 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION. General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes. Total marks 100

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1 004 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION General Mathematics General Instructions Reading time 5 minutes Working time hours Write using black or blue pen Calculators may be used A formulae sheet is provided at the back of this paper Total marks 00 Section I Pages marks Attempt Questions Allow about 30 minutes for this section Section II Pages 3 78 marks Attempt Questions 3 8 Allow about hours for this section 37

2 Section I marks Attempt Questions Allow about 30 minutes for this section Use the multiple-choice answer sheet. Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely. Sample: + 4 (A) (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9 A B C D If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new answer. A B C D If you change your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then indicate the correct answer by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows. correct A B C D

3 Which fraction is equal to a probability of 5%? (A) (B) (C) (D) Susan drew a graph of the height of a plant Height (cm) Weeks What is the gradient of the line? (A) (B) 5 (C) 7.5 (D) 0 3

4 3 If K Ft 3, F 5 and t 0.75, what is the value of K correct to three significant figures? (A).8 (B).87 (C).88 (D).83 4 A real estate agent sells a house for $ From the selling price he earns $0 000 for his services. Which term is used to describe the money he earns? (A) (B) (C) (D) Commission Income tax Royalty Superannuation 5 What is the correct expression for tan 0 in this triangle? c b NOT TO SCALE a 0 (A) (B) (C) (D) a b a c c b c a 4

5 Use the set of scores, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 7, 7, to answer Questions 6 and 7. 6 What is the range of the set of scores? (A) 6 (B) 9 (C) (D) 7 What are the median and the mode of the set of scores? (A) Median 3, mode 5 (B) Median 3, mode 3 (C) Median 4, mode 5 (D) Median 4, mode 3 8 This sector graph shows the distribution of 6 prizes won by three schools: X, Y and Z. KEY School X School Y School Z How many prizes were won by School X? (A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 8 (D) 99 5

6 9 What is the area of the triangle to the nearest square metre? 30 m 35 0 m NOT TO SCALE 7.8 m (A) 0 m (B) 53 m (C) 7 m (D) 78 m 0 Using the tax table, determine the tax payable on a taxable income of $ Taxable income $0 $6 000 $6 00 $ 000 $ 00 $ $45 00 $ $60 00 and over Tax on this income NIL 6 cents for each $ over $6 000 $ 560 plus 5 cents for each $ over $ 000 $8 30 plus 40 cents for each $ over $ $4 30 plus 48 cents for each $ over $ (A) $ (B) $ (C) $ (D) $ If d 6t,what is a possible value of t when d 400? (A) 0.05 (B) 0 (C) 0 (D) 400 6

7 This box-and-whisker plot represents a set of scores What is the interquartile range of this set of scores? (A) (B) (C) 3 (D) 5 3 How much air do you breathe? 00 litres per minute while exercising 6 litres per minute while resting During a ten-minute period, Kath is exercising and Jim is resting. How much more air would Kath breathe than Jim during this time? (A) (B) (C) (D) 40 litres 94 litres 940 litres 060 litres 7

8 4 Mike plays a game in which he has: chance of winning $0 0 chance of winning $ chance of losing $. 5 What is Mike s financial expectation when playing this game? (A) $.70 (B) $3.30 (C) $7.00 (D) $ The figure shows an ellipse and a rectangle. 40 mm 0 mm NOT TO SCALE 4 mm 60 mm What is the area of the shaded part of the figure to the nearest square millimetre? (A) 645 mm (B) 60 mm (C) 3530 mm (D) 7300 mm 8

9 6 George drew a correct diagram that gave the solution to the simultaneous equations y x 5 and y x + 6. Which diagram did he draw? (A) y (B) y O x O x (C) y (D) y O x O x 7 Rita purchased a camera for $880 while on holidays in Australia. This price included 0% GST. When she left Australia she received a refund of the GST. What was Rita s refund? (A) $80 (B) $88 (C) $79 (D) $800 9

10 8 Two dice are rolled. What is the probability that only one of the dice shows a six? (A) (B) (C) (D) Kerry has a credit card. She is charged 0.05% compound interest per day on outstanding balances. How much interest is Kerry charged on an amount of $50, which is outstanding on her credit card for 30 days? (A) $3.75 (B) $3.78 (C) $53.75 (D) $ Stan worked for 4 hours as shown on his pay slip. What was his hourly rate of pay? (A) $.0 (B) $.3 (C) $4.56 (D) $8.0 0

11 The time (t) taken to clean a house varies inversely with the number (n) of people cleaning the house. Which graph represents this relationship? (A) t (B) t 0 n 0 n (C) t (D) t 0 n 0 n John knows that one Australian dollar is worth 0.6 euros one Vistabella dollar ($V) is worth.44 euros. John changes 5 Australian dollars to Vistabella dollars. How many Vistabella dollars will he get? (A) (B) (C) (D) $V0.76 $V.3 $V8.00 $V58.06

12 Section II 78 marks Attempt Questions 3 8 Allow about hours for this section Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available. All necessary working should be shown in every question. Question 3 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. Marks (a) The diagram shows the shape of Carmel s garden bed. All measurements are in metres. A B NOT TO SCALE C D (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Show that the area of the garden bed is 57 square metres. Carmel decides to add a 5 cm layer of straw to the garden bed. Calculate the volume of straw required. Give your answer in cubic metres. Each bag holds 0.5 cubic metres of straw. How many bags does she need to buy? A straight fence is to be constructed joining point A to point B. Find the length of this fence to the nearest metre. Question 3 continues on page 3

13 Question 3 (continued) Marks (b) Kirbee is shopping for computer software. Novirus costs $5 more than Funmaths. Let x dollars be the cost of Funmaths. (i) (ii) Write an expression involving x for the cost of Novirus. Novirus and Funmaths together cost $45. Write an equation involving x and solve it to find the cost of Funmaths. (c) Calculate the height (h metres) of the tree in the diagram. All measurements are in metres. NOT TO SCALE h.7 3 End of Question 3 3

14 Question 4 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. Marks (a) The following graphs have been constructed from data taken from the Bureau of Meteorology website. The information relates to a town in New South Wales. The graphs show the mean 3 pm wind speed (in kilometres per hour) for each month of the year and the mean number of days of rain for each month (raindays). Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Sep May Aug Jul Jun KEY Mean 3 pm wind speed (km/h) Mean number of raindays (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) What is the mean 3 pm wind speed for September? Which month has the lowest mean 3 pm wind speed? In which three-month period does the town have the highest number of raindays? Briefly describe the pattern relating wind speed with the number of raindays for this town. Refer to specific months. Question 4 continues on page 5 4

15 Question 4 (continued) Marks (b) The diagram shows a radial survey of a piece of land. North P B 35 m 3 m 8 m A 50 NOT TO SCALE Q R (i) Q is south-east of A. What is the size of angle PAQ? (ii) What is the bearing of R from A? (iii) Find the size of angle PAB to the nearest degree. 3 (c) The normal distribution shown has a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 0. NOT TO SCALE (i) (ii) Roberto has a raw score in the shaded region. What could his z-score be? What percentage of the data lies in the shaded region? End of Question 4 5

16 Question 5 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. Marks (a) Tai uses the declining balance method of depreciation to calculate tax deductions for her business. Tai s computer is valued at $6500 at the start of the 003 financial year. The rate of depreciation is 40% per annum. (i) (ii) Calculate the value of her tax deduction for the 003 financial year. What is the value of her computer at the start of the 006 financial year? (b) Joe sells three different flavours of ice-cream from three different tubs in a cabinet. The flavours are chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. (i) (ii) (iii) In how many different ways can he arrange the tubs in a row? Show working to justify your answer. Paul buys an ice-cream from Joe on two different days. He chooses the flavour at random. What is the probability that he chooses chocolate on both days? Mei-Ling buys an ice-cream from Joe and chooses any two different flavours at random. What is the probability that she chooses chocolate first and then strawberry? Question 5 continues on page 7 6

17 Question 5 (continued) Marks (c) Lie detector tests are not always accurate. A lie detector test was administered to 00 people. The results were: 50 people lied. Of these, the test indicated that 40 had lied; 50 people did NOT lie. Of these, the test indicated that 0 had lied. (i) Copy the table into your writing booklet and complete it using the information above. People who lied People who did NOT lie Test indicated a lie Test did not indicate a lie Total (ii) (iii) (iv) For how many of the people tested was the lie detector test accurate? For what percentage of the people tested was the test accurate? What is the probability that the test indicated a lie for a person who did NOT lie? End of Question 5 7

18 Question 6 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. (a) (i) The number of bacteria in a culture grows from 00 to 4 in one hour. What is the percentage increase in the number of bacteria? (ii) The bacteria continue to grow according to the formula n 00(.4) t, where n is the number of bacteria after t hours. What is the number of bacteria after 5 hours? Marks Time in hours (t) Number of bacteria (n) ? (iii) Use the values of n from t 0 to t 5 to draw a graph of n 00(.4) t. Use about half a page for your graph and mark a scale on each axis. 4 (iv) Using your graph or otherwise, estimate the time in hours for the number of bacteria to reach 300. (b) The location of Sorong is S 3 E and the location of Darwin is S 3 E. (i) (ii) What is the difference in the latitudes of Sorong and Darwin? The radius of Earth is approximately 6400 km. One nautical mile is approximately.85 km. () Show that the great circle distance between Sorong and Darwin is approximately 00 km. () A group of tourists can travel on a yacht at an average speed of 5 knots, from Darwin to Sorong. They need to complete this trip in 48 hours or less. Will this be possible? Use suitable calculations, with appropriate units, to justify your answer. 3 8

19 Question 7 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. Marks (a) Aaron decides to borrow $ over a period of 0 years at a rate of 7.0% per annum. MONTHLY REPAYMENT TABLE Principal and interest per $000 borrowed Interest rate (pa) 6.5% 7.0% Term of loan years % % (i) (ii) (iii) Reproduced with the permission of Education Mortgage Services Using the Monthly Repayment Table, calculate Aaron s monthly repayment. How much interest does he pay over the 0 years? Aaron calculates that if he repays the loan over 5 years, his total repayments would be $ How much interest would he save by repaying the loan over 5 years instead of 0 years? Question 7 continues on page 0 9

20 Question 7 (continued) Marks (b) David is paid at these rates: Weekday rate Saturday rate Sunday rate $8.00 per hour Time-and-a-half Double time His time sheet for last week is: Start Finish Unpaid break Friday 9.00 am.30 pm 30 minutes Saturday 9.00 am 4.00 pm hour Sunday 8.00 am.00 pm hour (i) (ii) Calculate David s gross pay for last week. David decides not to work on Saturdays. He wants to keep his weekly gross pay the same. How many extra hours at the weekday rate must he work? 3 (c) Sanjeev starts saving for a holiday that he wants to take when he finishes his TAFE course. He decides to invest $00 per month, at the end of each month, by placing it into an account earning 6% per annum compounded monthly. He will do this for four years. Will Sanjeev reach his goal of $0 500? By how much will he fall short of or exceed his goal? 3 End of Question 7 0

21 Question 8 (3 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet. Marks (a) A health rating, R, is calculated by dividing a person s weight, w, in kilograms by the square of the person s height, h, in metres. (i) (ii) Fred is 50 cm and weighs 7 kg. Calculate Fred s health rating. Over several years, Fred expects to grow 0 cm taller. By this time he wants his health rating to be 5. How much weight should he gain or lose to achieve his aim? Justify your answer with mathematical calculations. (b) b A set of garden gnomes is made so that the cost ($C) varies directly with the cube of the base length (b centimetres). A gnome with a base length of 0 cm has a cost of $50. (i) Write an equation relating the variables C and b, and a constant k. (ii) Find the value of k. (iii) Felicity says, If you double the base length, you double the cost. Is she correct? Justify your answer with mathematical calculations. Question 8 continues on page

22 Question 8 (continued) Marks (c) Jill has collected data about the height and weight of nine adults. This is shown in the scatterplot below. Using a ruler and pencil, Jill is preparing to fit a median regression line to the data. As a first step she divides the data into three sections as shown Weight (kg) (i) In the second step, Jill calculates the points A and B as shown in the diagram below. What are the coordinates of the corresponding point C in the middle section? Height (cm) Weight (kg) A B Height (cm) Question 8 continues on page 3

23 Question 8 (continued) Marks (ii) (iii) In the third step, Jill draws a line through A and B. What is the fourth and final step needed to complete her construction of the median regression line? The equation of the median regression line for the data may be approximated by weight in kg 3 (height in cm) 50. () Use this model to predict the height of a person who weighs 75 kg. () Give ONE limitation of this model for predicting weights from heights. End of paper 3

24 BLANK PAGE 4 Board of Studies NSW 004

25 004 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION General Mathematics FORMULAE SHEET Area of an annulus A π R r R r Area of an ellipse A a b Area of a sector A θ θ π r 360 Arc length of a circle l θ f d d m l πab ( ) θ πr 360 Simpson s rule for area approximation A h ( d f + 4 d m + d l ) 3 h distance between successive measurements d first measurement radius of outer circle radius of inner circle length of semi-major axis length of semi-minor axis number of degrees in central angle number of degrees in central angle middle measurement last measurement Surface area Sphere Closed cylinder A πrh+ πr r h Volume Cone Cylinder Pyramid Sphere r h A Sine rule radius perpendicular height V Ah V πr 3 radius perpendicular height area of base Area of a triangle Cosine rule or A V πr h 3 V πr h a b c sin A sin B sinc A absinc c a + b abcosc C a + cos b c ab 4πr 373 5

26 FORMULAE SHEET Simple interest I Prn P r n Compound interest A P + r A P n r Future value ( A) of an annuity A M + r M r Present value ( N) of an annuity N or N initial quantity percentage interest rate per period, expressed as a decimal number of periods ( ) n final balance initial quantity number of compounding periods percentage interest rate per compounding period, expressed as a decimal n ( ) contribution per period, paid at the end of the period n ( ) + r M n r( + r) A ( + r) n Straight-line formula for depreciation S V Dn 0 S salvage value of asset after n periods V0 D purchase price of the asset amount of depreciation apportioned per period n number of periods Declining balance formula for depreciation S V r S r Mean of a sample x x x x n f x n fx f Formula for a z-score z s x x s Gradient of a straight line m ( ) Gradient intercept form of a straight line y mx+ b m b 0 gradient y-intercept Probability of an event n salvage value of asset after n periods percentage interest rate per period, expressed as a decimal mean individual score number of scores frequency standard deviation vertical change in position horizontal change in position The probability of an event where outcomes are equally likely is given by: number of favourable outcomes P(event) total number of outcomes 6