(Version ) I. SOURCE, DEFINITIONS AND APPLICABILITY

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1 Threh meeng Repor Page 1 1. Sources Draf afforesaon and reforesaon baselne and monorng mehodology AR-AM00XX Afforesaon or reforesaon of degraded or abandoned agrculural lands (Verson ) I. SOURE, DEFINITIONS AND APPLIABILITY Ths mehodology s based on he DM-AR-PDD Reforesaon for he purpose of combang deserfcaon, mgang clmae change and proecng bodversy n Sanago del Esero, Argenna - Youh Envronmenal Groups. The baselne sudy, monorng and verfcaon plan and projec desgn documen were prepared by: Unversy of Tusca, Ialy; Grupo Ambenal para el Desarrollo, Argenna; Fundacón del Sur, Argenna; Naconal Insue for Agrculural Technology (INTA), Argenna; aholc Unversy of Sanago del Esero (USE), Argenna; Mnsry for he Envronmen and Terrory, Ialy. For more nformaon regardng he source mehodologes and her consderaon by he DM Execuve Board (he Board) please refer o he followng URL on he nerne: <hp://cdm.unfccc.n/mehodologes/armehodologes/approved_ar.hml>. Ths mehodology also refers o he laes approved versons of he followng ools, procedures, gudelnes and gudances: (a) Procedures o demonsrae he elgbly of lands for afforesaon and reforesaon DM projec acves; (b) Gudance on applcaon of he defnon of he projec boundary o A/R DM projec acves; (c) Tool for he denfcaon of degraded or degradng lands for consderaon n mplemenng DM A/R projec acves; (d) ombned ool o denfy he baselne scenaro and demonsrae addonaly n A/R DM projec acves; (e) alculaon of he number of sample plos for measuremens whn A/R DM projec acves; (f) Tool for esng sgnfcance of GHG emssons n A/R DM projec acves; (g) Esmaon of GHG emssons due o clearng, burnng and decay of exsng vegeaon arbuable o a DM A/R projec acvy; (h) Gudelnes on condons under whch ncrease n GHG emssons relaed o dsplacemen of pre-projec grazng acves n A/R DM projec acvy s nsgnfcan; 1/23

2 Threh meeng Repor Page 2 () Gudelnes on condons under whch ncrease n GHG emssons arbuable o dsplacemen of pre-projec crop culvaon acves n A/R DM projec acvy s nsgnfcan; (j) Gudelnes on conservave choce and applcaon of defaul daa n esmaon of he ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks; (k) Tool for esmaon of change n sol organc carbon socks due o he mplemenaon of A/R DM projec acves. All he above-menoned ools, procedures, gudelnes and gudances are avalable a: <hp://cdm.unfccc.n/reference>. 2. Seleced baselne approach from paragraph 22 of he A/R DM modales and procedures Exsng or hsorcal, as applcable, changes n carbon socks n he carbon pools whn he projec boundary 3. Defnons For he purpose of hs mehodology he followng defnon apples: Abandoned agrculural land s ha land where agrculural acves have occurred n he pas, bu are no akng place a he sar of he A/R DM projec acvy and are no expeced o occur n he fuure. 4. Applcably Ths mehodology s applcable o A/R DM projec acves mplemened n degraded agrculural lands or abandoned agrculural lands. The mehodology s applcable when all of he followng condons are me: (a) The area does no nclude organc sols (e.g. pea-lands) or welands; 1 (b) If he lands o be afforesed or reforesed are degraded agrculural lands, hen: () () I s expeced ha he lands would reman degraded n he absence of he projec acvy; and rops culvaed, f any, are non-perennal crops. (c) If lands o be afforesed or reforesed are abandoned agrculural lands, hen hey are expeced o evolve no shrub lands wh vegeaon ha s unable o reach, whou anhropogenc nervenon, he hreshold values repored by he hos Pary for naonal defnon of fores for DM purposes; (d) The pre-projec rees, f any, have no poenal o reach a crown cover of more han 20% of he hreshold value for ree crown cover repored by he hos Pary for naonal defnon of fores for DM purposes; (e) The projec acvy does no lead o dsplacemen of pre-projec acves ousde he projec boundary, or he ncrease n GHG emssons due o dsplacemen of pre-projec acves s nsgnfcan. 1 Welands, selemens, croplands and grasslands are land uses as defned n he Good Pracce Gudance for Land Use, Land-use hange and Foresry (IP, 2003). 2/23

3 Threh meeng Repor Page 3 The laes verson of he Tool for he denfcaon of degraded or degradng lands for consderaon n mplemenng A/R DM projec acves shall be appled for demonsrang ha he agrculural lands are degraded. II. BASELINE METHODOLOGY PROEDURE 1. Projec boundary and elgbly of land The projec boundary geographcally delneaes he A/R DM projec acvy under he conrol of he projec parcpans (PPs). The A/R DM projec acvy may conan more han one dscree parcel of land. Each dscree parcel of land shall have a unque geographcal denfcaon. PPs may denfy he areas of land o be ncluded n he A/R DM projec acvy usng he laes verson of he Gudance on applcaon of he defnon of he projec boundary o A/R DM projec acves. PPs shall demonsrae ha each dscree area of land o be ncluded whn he projec boundary s elgble for an A/R DM projec acvy usng he curren verson of he Procedures o demonsrae he elgbly of lands for afforesaon and reforesaon DM projec acves. The carbon pools ncluded n or excluded from accounng are shown n Table 1. Table 1: arbon pools accouned for n he projec boundary arbon Pools Accouned for Jusfcaon / Explanaon Above-ground bomass Yes Major carbon pool affeced by he projec acvy Below-ground bomass Yes Major carbon pool affeced by he projec acvy Dead wood No onsderng he applcably condons of hs mehodology, he carbon sock n he pool s lkely o ncrease less, or decrease more, n he baselne scenaro compared o he projec scenaro. Therefore, excludng he pool from accounng wll lead o a conservave esmaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removal by snks Ler No onsderng he applcably condons of hs mehodology, he carbon sock n he pool s lkely o ncrease less, or decrease more, n he baselne scenaro compared o he projec scenaro. Therefore, excludng he pool from accounng wll lead o a conservave esmaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removal by snks Sol organc carbon (SO) Yes/No onsderng ha dynamcs of SO are dfferen for agrculural lands and abandoned agrculural lands, SO sock ncreases can only be accouned for n agrculural land The emsson sources and assocaed GHGs ncluded n or excluded from accounng are shown n Table 2. Any one of hese sources can be negleced,.e. accouned as zero, f he applcaon of he mos recen verson of he Tool for esng sgnfcance of GHG emssons n A/R DM projec acves leads o he concluson ha he emsson source s nsgnfcan. 3/23

4 Threh meeng Repor Page 4 Table 2: Emsson sources and GHGs ncluded n or excluded from accounng Source Gas Included/ excluded Burnng of bomass Jusfcaon / Explanaon O 2 Excluded arbon sock decreases due o burnng are accouned as a change n carbon sock H 4 Included Burnng of bomass for he purpose of se preparaon or as par of fores managemen can lead o sgnfcan levels of emssons of mehane N 2 O Excluded Poenal emssons are neglgbly small 2. Idenfcaon of he baselne scenaro and demonsraon of addonaly PPs shall use he mos recen verson of he ombned ool o denfy he baselne scenaro and demonsrae addonaly n A/R DM projec acves. 3. Srafcaon Srafcaon of he planned projec area for baselne esmaon s no requred bu may be carred ou f mproves he accuracy and precson of bomass esmaes. Sraa for bomass esmaon may be defned on he bass of parameers ha are key enry varables n he mehod (e.g. growh models or yeld curves/ables) used for esmang changes n bomass socks. Thus: (a) For baselne ne GHG removals by snks. I wll usually be suffcen o srafy he areas no: () () Agrculural land; Abandoned agrculural land. (b) For acual ne GHG removals by snks. The srafcaon for ex ane esmaons shall be based on he projec planng/managemen plan. The srafcaon for ex pos esmaons shall be based on he acual mplemenaon of he projec planng/managemen plan. If naural or anhropogenc mpacs (e.g. local fres) or oher facors (e.g. sol ype) add varably o he growh paern of he bomass n he projec area, hen he ex pos srafcaon shall be revsed accordngly. PPs may use remoely sensed daa acqured close o he me of projec commencemen and/or he occurrence of naural or anhropogenc mpacs for ex ane and ex pos srafcaon. 4. Baselne ne GHG removals by snks The baselne ne GHG removals by snks s he sum of he changes n carbon socks n he seleced carbon pools whn he projec boundary ha would have occurred n he absence of he A/R DM projec acvy. Under he applcably condons of hs mehodology: hanges n carbon sock of above-ground and below-ground ree bomass may be conservavely assumed o be zero for all sraa n he baselne scenaro; In degraded agrculural land carbon sock n sol organc carbon (SO) s unlkely o ncrease n he baselne, and herefore he change n carbon sock n SO may be conservavely assumed o be zero for all sraa of agrculural land n he baselne scenaro. 4/23

5 Threh meeng Repor Page 5 In abandoned agrculural land carbon sock n SO may ncrease n he baselne, bu s unlkely o ncrease above he sock n SO under projec scenaro. Therefore, change of sock n SO n he baselne scenaro can be conservavely gnored provded ha he change of sock n SO n he projec scenaro s also gnored. Snce, as provded n Table 1, he SO pool s excluded from accounng n case of abandoned agrculural land, he change of sock n SO n he baselne scenaro can be conservavely assumed o be zero. Therefore, he baselne ne GHG removals by snks can be deermned as: Δ = Δ SHRUB _ (1) Δ Baselne ne GHG removals by snks; O 2 -e Δ hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of shrubs n he SHRUB _ baselne; O 2 -e 4.1 arbon sock changes n above-ground and below-ground shrub bomass ( Δ SHRUB _ ) hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of shrubs n he baselne n degraded agrculural land s conservavely assumed as zero. hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of shrubs n he baselne n abandoned agrculural land s esmaed usng he followng equaons: 44 Δ SHRUB _, = * FS AAB dbshrub * 1year for 1 T GROWTH ) (2) 12 Δ 0 for > T GROWTH (3) SHRUB _, = Δ hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of shrubs n he SHRUB _, baselne n abandoned agrculural land, n year ; O 2 -e F S arbon fracon of shrub bomass; IP defaul value d.m. may be used A Area of abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land a he sar of he projec AB acvy; ha db Defaul rae of change n above-ground and below-ground shrub bomass conen n SHRUB abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land; d.m. ha -1 yr -1 T Tme aken by abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land o sablze o s GROWTH peak bomass (20 years by defaul); yr The value of db db SHRUB s calculaed as: 1 F B (1 + R ) S FOREST S SHRUB = (4) 2 TGROWTH 5/23

6 Threh meeng Repor Page 6 db Defaul rae of change n above-ground and below-ground shrub bomass conen n SHRUB abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land; d.m. ha -1 yr -1 1 oeffcen reflecng he fac ha dfferen land parcels may have been abandoned n 2 dfferen years (rangng from one o T GROWTH ) pror o he year of projec sar; herefore he bomass accumulaon averaged over all he parcels s esmaed as half of he peak bomass F S Rao of he peak above-ground shrub bomass conen o he defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores ( B FOREST ) n he regon (or counry) where he projec se s locaed; dmensonless B Defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores; d.m. ha -1 FOREST R S Roo shoo rao for shrubs; dmensonless T Tme aken by abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land o sablze o s GROWTH peak bomass (20 years by defaul); yr The value of defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores ( B FOREST ) o be used n equaon 4 s deermned accordng o gudance provded n he relevan able followng paragraph 8 of hs secon. The value of he rao of he peak above-ground shrub bomass conen o he defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores n he regon (or counry) where he projec se s locaed ( F S ) should be deermned usng avalable regonal (or counry level) daa. If such daa s no avalable, hen a defaul value of F S =0.1 can be used. 4.2 arbon sock n lvng rees a he sar of he projec acvy arbon sock n lvng rees a he sar of he projec acvy s calculaed as: TREE _ = F B (5) TREE _ TREE arbon sock n lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; TREE TREE F _ arbon fracon of dry maer for ree bomass n baselne; -1 d.m. TREE B _ Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec; d.m. The bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy ( B TREE _ ) s esmaed usng any one of he followng mehods: Esmaon based on exsng daa If publshed daa s avalable from whch bomass conen per un area for he projec area can be esmaed, he daa may be used provded ha he esmaed value of bomass conen per un area does no underesmae bomass n he projec area. In hs case, he bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy s calculaed as: B = BD A (6) TREE _ TREE _ * TREE _ 6/23

7 Threh meeng Repor Page 7 B _ Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; d.m. TREE BD Tree bomass conen per un area of he projec area (obaned from publshed TREE _ leraure); d.m. ha -1 A Area of land whn he projec boundary where lvng rees are sandng a he sar of TREE _ he projec acvy; ha Defaul esmaon usng parameer rao Under hs mehod one of he followng parameers of he exsng rees n baselne s esmaed (denoed by P n he equaon below): (a) rown cover; (b) Basal area per hecare; and (c) Sand densy ndex. Projec area may be srafed on he bass of he varably of he parameer seleced. The bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy s hen calculaed as: B P = A (7) TREE _ * BFOREST (1 + RTREE _ ) * PFOREST TREE TREE _ B _ Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; d.m. P Parameer for lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy P The same parameer for a fully socked fores n he regon (or counry) where he FOREST projec acvy s locaed B Defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores; d.m. ha -1 FOREST A Area of land whn he projec boundary where lvng rees are sandng a he sar of TREE _ he projec acvy and o whch he parameer P relaes; ha R _ Roo-shoo rao of rees n he baselne; dmensonless TREE Value of B FOREST s obaned accordng o gudance provded n he relevan able followng paragraph 8 of hs secon omplee nvenory of rees If he rees n he baselne are few and scaered ou, all he rees may be nvenored and dmensonal measuremens (of dameer or hegh or boh) may be carred ou on hem. One of he mehods explaned n paragraph of hs mehodology s hen used for esmang he bomass of each ree. Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec s hen calculaed as: n B TREE _ = B, (8) = 1 TREE 7/23

8 Threh meeng Repor Page 8 B _ Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; d.m. TREE TREE B, Bomass of he h ree as esmaed from dmensonal measuremens; d.m. n Toal number of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy Invenory of rees n sample plos If he number of rees n he baselne scenaro s oo large for a complee nvenory o be carred ou, sample plos are lad ou and dmensonal measuremens are carred ou on he rees n hese sample plos. Projec area may be srafed on he bass of he varably of ree sockng. One of he mehods explaned n paragraph of hs mehodology s hen used for esmang he bomass of each ree. The bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy s hen calculaed as: ATREE B TREE = BTREE, A TREE _ p (9) PLOT p B _ Bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; d.m. A Area of land whn he projec boundary where lvng rees are sandng a he sar of TREE he projec acvy; ha A Area of sample plos where dmensonal measuremens are carred ou on he rees; ha PLOT B, Bomass of lvng rees n plo p as esmaed from dmensonal measuremens; d.m. TREE p If projec area s srafed, hen he equaon 9 s appled o each sraum separaely and he sraum esmaes are summed up o ge bomass of lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy B _ ). ( TREE 4.3 Seady sae under he baselne condons The baselne ne GHG removals by snks, f greaer han zero, shall be esmaed usng he approach provded n Secon 4.1 unl seady sae s reached under he baselne condons. Under seady sae: Δ = 0 (10) PPs may, on a projec specfc bass, assess when a seady sae s reached durng he credng perod. Ths shall be esmaed on he bass of ransparen and verfable nformaon orgnang as approprae from avalable leraure, daa from comparable areas, from feld measuremens n he planned projec area, or from oher sources relevan o he baselne crcumsances. If no daa s avalable, a defaul perod of 20 years snce commencemen of he DM projec acvy wll be appled. 5. Acual ne GHG removals by snks hanges n carbon sock of above-ground and below-ground bomass of non-ree vegeaon n he projec scenaro s equal o he decrease of shrub bomass n abandoned agrculural lands where he shrub land s cleared as par of se preparaon. Growh of shrub bomass n he projec, f any, s conservavely accouned as zero. 8/23

9 Threh meeng Repor Page 9 Acual ne GHG removals by snks shall be calculaed usng he equaons n hs sub-secon. When applyng hese equaons for he ex ane calculaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks, PPs shall provde esmaes of he values of hose parameers ha are no avalable before he sar of he credng perod. Acual ne GHG removals by snks shall be calculaed as: Δ ATUAL = Δ P GHG E (11) Δ ATUAL Acual ne GHG removals by snks; O 2 -e Δ P GHGE Sum of changes n he socks n all seleced carbon pools ncludng loss of nal shrub bomass; O 2 -e Increase n non-o 2 GHG emssons whn he projec boundary, arbuable o he A/R DM projec acvy; O 2 -e 5.1 Esmaon of changes n he carbon socks The verfable changes n carbon socks n seleced carbon pool n each sraum whn he projec boundary are calculaed usng he followng equaon: Δ P = * * = 1 Δ TREE _ (12) Δ P Δ Sum of he changes n carbon sock n all seleced carbon pools n sraum, snce sar of he projec; O 2 -e hange n carbon sock n all seleced carbon pools, n year ; _ arbon sock n lvng rees n he baselne a he sar of he projec acvy; TREE 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed snce he sar of he A/R projec acvy; yr 44/12 Rao of molecular weghs of O 2 and carbon hange n carbon sock n all seleced carbon pools ( Δ ) s calculaed usng he followng equaon: Δ = M PS = 1 ( Δ + Δ + Δ (13) TREE,, SHRUB,, SO,, ) Δ hange n carbon sock n all seleced carbon pools, n year ; Δ hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of rees n sraum, TREE,, n year ; Δ hange (decrease only, ha s, he change s negave) n carbon sock n above-ground SHRUB,, and below-ground bomass of shrubs removed durng he se preparaon n sraum, n year ; 9/23

10 Threh meeng Repor Page 10 SO,, Δ hange n carbon sock n he SO pool n sraum, n year ; 1, 2, 3, M PS sraa n he projec scenaro 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed snce he sar of he A/R DM projec acvy,, Esmang change n carbon sock n ree bomass ( Δ TREE ) The change n carbon sock n ree bomass s esmaed on he bass of feld measuremens n permanen sample plos a a pon of me n year 1 and agan a a pon of me n year 2. The rae of change of carbon sock n rees s calculaed as: d TREE,,( 1, 2 ) TREE,, 2 TREE,, 1 = for 1 2 (14) T d Rae of change n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of rees n TREE,,( 1, 2 ) sraum, for he perod beween year 1 and year 2 ; yr -1 arbon sock n rees n sraum, a a pon of me n year 2 ; TREE,, 2 arbon sock n rees n sraum, a a pon of me n year 1 ; TREE,, 1 T Tme elapsed beween wo successve esmaons (T= 2 1 ); yr 1, 2, 3, M PS sraa n he projec scenaro For he frs verfcaon, = 0 for all sraa. TREE,, 1 hange n carbon sock n ree bomass n year ( 1 2 ) s hen calculaed as: Δ = d year (15) TREE,, TREE,,(, ) Δ hange n carbon sock n above-ground and below-ground bomass of rees n sraum, TREE,, n year ; d Rae of change n carbon sock n ree bomass whn he projec boundary durng he TREE,,( 1, 2 ) perod beween a pon of me n year 1 and a pon of me n year 2 ; yr -1 arbon sock n above-ground and below-ground ree bomass ( followng wo mehods as appled a a gven pon of me n year : TREE,, ) s esmaed by one of he (a) (b) The bomass expanson facor (BEF) mehod; or The allomerc equaon mehod. BEF mehod In hs mehod, frs he sem volume (he commercal volume) of sandng rees s esmaed. Ex ane esmaons of sem volume are based on ree growh models and ex pos esmaons are based on feld 10/23

11 Threh meeng Repor Page 11 measuremens. The sem volume s expanded o he above-ground ree bomass usng bomass expanson facor (BEF) and basc wood densy (D). Toal ree bomass s hen obaned by mulplyng he aboveground ree bomass by (1+R) where R s he roo-shoo rao. The followng sep-by-sep procedure shows praccal applcaon of hs mehod: Sep 1: Ths sep s appled dfferenly for ex ane and ex pos esmaons. Sep 1 (a): Ex ane esmaon () For each ree speces or group of speces under he projec scenaro, selec a ree growh model from exsng daa or leraure. Avalable growh models could be n form of yeld ables, growh curves/equaons, or growh smulaon models. See paragraph 8 of Secon II for gudance on selecng he growh model applcable; () From he growh model seleced, calculae he sem volume of rees per un area accordng o he projec planng/managemen plan. Sep 1 (b): Ex pos esmaon Ex pos esmaon of ree bomass mus be based on acual measuremens carred ou on all rees n he permanen sample plos. The permanen sample plos are lad ou accordng o he approved mehodologcal ool alculaon of he number of sample plos for measuremens whn A/R DM projec acves. The followng sub-seps apply for ex pos esmaon: () Selec he volume ables (hese could be n form of equaons or curves) applcable o he ree speces or group of speces planed under he projec. See paragraph 8 of Secon II for exac gudance on selecng he volume ables applcable; () Dependng on he volume ables seleced n he sub-sep above, measure he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) of all rees n he sample plos; () Inser he above feld measuremens no he seleced volume ables and calculae he sem volume of all rees n each sample plo. Noe: I s also possble o combne he Sub-seps () and () above f a suable feld nsrumen (such as a relascope) s used. Sep 2: onver he sem volume o oal carbon sock n ree bomass usng he followng equaon: = V D BEF (1 + R ) F TREE, j, p, TREE, j, p, j 2, j j j (16) TREE j, p, V TREE j, p,, Toal carbon sock n rees of speces or group of speces j n sample plo p n sraum ; Sem volume of rees of speces or group of speces j n plo p n sraum esmaed by, usng he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) as enry daa no a volume able; m 3 D Basc wood densy of speces or group of speces j; d.m. m 3 j BEF 2, Bomass expanson facor for converson of sem bomass o above-ground ree bomass j for speces or group of speces j; dmensonless R j Roo-shoo rao for ree speces or group of speces j; dmensonless 11/23

12 Threh meeng Repor Page 12 F arbon fracon of bomass for ree speces or group of speces j; ( d.m.) -1 j j p 1, 2, 3, ree speces or group of speces n he projec scenaro 1, 2, 3, sample plos n sraum 1, 2, 3, sraa n he projec scenaro Allomerc mehod The allomerc mehod drecly calculaes above-ground ree bomass whou relang o ree sem volume. The mehod depends upon avalably of allomerc equaons whch express above-ground ree bomass as a funcon of dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H). Toal ree bomass s hen obaned by mulplyng he above-ground ree bomass by (1+R) where R s he roo-shoo rao. The followng sep-by-sep procedure shows how hs mehod s praccally appled: Sep 1: Ths sep s appled dfferenly for ex ane and ex pos esmaons. Sep 1 (a): Ex ane esmaon () For each ree speces or group of speces, selec an allomerc equaon from exsng daa or leraure. See he relevan able n paragraph 8 of Secon II for exac gudance on selecng he allomerc equaon applcable; () For each ree speces or group of speces, selec a ree growh model from exsng daa and leraure, as explaned n Sub-sep 1 (a) () of he BEF mehod above; () Oban he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) correspondng o he age of ree a a gven me from he ree growh model seleced above; (v) Inser he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) no he allomerc equaon and calculae he oal above-ground ree bomass per un area accordng o he projec planng/managemen plan. Sep 1 (b): Ex pos esmaon Ex pos esmaon of ree bomass mus be based on acual measuremens carred ou on all rees n he permanen sample plos. The permanen sample plos are lad ou accordng o he approved mehodologcal ool alculaon of he number of sample plos for measuremens whn A/R DM projec acves. The followng sub-seps apply for ex pos esmaon. () Selec an allomerc equaon for he ree speces or group of speces as descrbed n subsep 1 (a) () above; () Dependng on he allomerc equaon, measure he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) of all rees n he permanen sample plos; () Inser he above measuremens no he allomerc equaon and calculae he oal aboveground ree bomass for each sample plo. Sep 2: onver he above-ground ree bomass o oal carbon sock n ree bomass usng he followng equaon: = f ( DBH, H ) (1 + R ) F TREE, j, p, j j j (17) 12/23

13 Threh meeng Repor Page 13 TREE j, p, Toal carbon sock n rees of speces or group of speces j n sample plo p n sraum ;, F arbon fracon of bomass for ree speces or group of speces j; ( d.m.) -1 j f j ( DBH, H ) Allomerc funcon reurnng oal above-ground ree bomass on he bass of breas hegh (DBH) and/or hegh of he ree (H), for speces or group of speces j; d.m. R j j p Roo-shoo rao for ree speces or group of speces j; dmensonless 1, 2, 3, ree speces or group of speces n he projec scenaro 1, 2, 3, sample plos n sraum 1, 2, 3, sraa n he projec scenaro For boh he BEF mehod and he allomerc equaon mehod, he oal carbon sock n ree bomass for each sraum s calculaed as follows: = A P J TREE, TREE, j, p, (18) APLOT, p= 1 j= 1, arbon sock n rees n sraum ; TREE TREE j, p, PLOT, arbon sock n rees of speces or group of speces j n plo p of sraum ; A, Toal area of sample plos n sraum ; ha A j p Toal area of sraum ; ha 1, 2, 3, speces or group of speces of rees n sraum 1, 2, 3, sample plos n sraum n he projec scenaro 1, 2, 3, sraa n he projec scenaro Equaon 18, when appled a wo consecuve pons of me n years 1 and 2 (e.g. he sarng year and he endng year of a verfcaon perod), provdes wo values TREE,, and 1 TREE,, whch are hen 2 nsered n equaon 14. I should be noed ha for he frs verfcaon perod TREE,, s se o zero for 1 all sraa, as he year 1 n hs case corresponds o he sar of he projec acvy Esmaon of carbon sock changes (decrease only) n shrub bomass removed durng se preparaon Durng se preparaon he shrub bomass s cleared and lef on-se. Hence he carbon sock n shrub bomass s assumed o have been los n he year n whch shrubs are cleared. I s assumed ha all of he shrub bomass decays whn he year n whch shrubs are cleared. Based on hs assumpon carbon sock changes (decrease only) n shrub bomass durng se preparaon s calculaed as: Δ db F A * T for = PREP, (19) SHRUB,, = SHRUB S SHRUB,, GROWTH 13/23

14 Threh meeng Repor Page 14 Δ hange (decrease only) n carbon sock n bomass of shrubs removed durng he se SHRUB,, preparaon n sraum, n year ; db Defaul rae of change n above-ground and below-ground shrub bomass conen n SHRUB abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land; d.m. ha -1 yr -1 F S A SHRUB, arbon fracon of shrub bomass; IP defaul value d.m. may be used, Area of land n sraum from whch shrubs are cleared n year ; ha T Tme aken by abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land o sablze o s GROWTH peak bomass (20 years by defaul); yr PREP, Year n whch se preparaon akes place n sraum Defaul rae of change n above-ground and below-ground shrub bomass conen n abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land ( db ) s calculaed as n equaon 4. SHRUB Esmaon of carbon sock changes n he sol organc carbon For abandoned agrculural land, change n sock n he SO pool shall be conservavely assumed o be zero. For agrculural land, change n sock n he SO pool shall eher be conservavely assumed o be zero or esmaed as follows: Δ SO,, = ΔSOAL, (20) Δ SO,, hange n carbon sock n he SO pool n sraum, n year ; Δ SO AL, hange n carbon sock n he SO pool as esmaed n he ool Tool for esmaon of change n sol organc carbon socks due o he mplemenaon of A/R DM projec acves appled o sraum ; 5.2 Esmaon of GHG emssons whn he projec boundary The only possble ncrease n GHG emssons o be accouned for as a resul of he mplemenaon of he A/R DM projec acvy whn he projec boundary s non-o 2 GHG emssons from bomass burnng for se preparaon and/or fores managemen. I s esmaed as: * GHG = (21) GHGE E E BIOMASS _ BURN, = 1 E BIOMASS BURN, Increase n non-o 2 GHG emssons whn he projec boundary as a resul of he mplemenaon of he proposed A/R DM projec acvy; O 2 -e Non-O _ 2 GHG emssons due o burnng of bomass of exsng woody vegeaon, as par of se preparaon and/or fores managemen, n year ; O 2 -e 1, 2, 3, * years elapsed snce he sar of he A/R DM projec acvy 14/23

15 Threh meeng Repor Page 15 The non-o 2 emssons due o burnng of bomass of exsng woody vegeaon 2 as par of se preparaon and/or fores managemen ( E BIOMASS _ BURN, ) shall be esmaed usng he laes verson of he mehodologcal ool Esmaon of GHG emssons due o clearng, burnng and decay of exsng vegeaon arbuable o a DM A/R projec acvy. 6. Leakage Under he applcably condons for hs mehodology, he projec acvy does no lead o a dsplacemen of pre-projec acves ousde he projec boundary, or he dsplacemen acvy does no lead o sgnfcan ncrease of GHG emssons. Therefore, under he applcably condons of he projec acvy: LK = 0 (22) LK Toal GHG emssons due o leakage; O 2 -e If he projec acvy leads o dsplacemen of pre-projec acves, wheher parally or fully, ousde he projec boundary, he PPs shall use: (a) Gudelnes on condons under whch ncrease n GHG emssons arbuable o dsplacemen of pre-projec crop culvaon acves n A/R DM projec acvy s nsgnfcan ; and (b) Gudelnes on condons under whch ncrease n GHG emssons relaed o dsplacemen of preprojec grazng acves n A/R DM projec acvy s nsgnfcan, o demonsrae ha ncrease n GHG emssons relaed o dsplacemen of he pre-projec acves s nsgnfcan. 7. Ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks The ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks s he acual ne GHG removals by snks mnus he baselne ne GHG removals by snks mnus leakage. Therefore, he followng general equaon can be used o calculae he ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks under he projec: AR AR = Δ Δ LK (23) DM DM ATUAL Ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks; O 2 -e Δ ATUAL Acual ne GHG removals by snks; O 2 -e Δ Baselne ne GHG removals by snks; O 2 -e LK Toal GHG emssons due o leakage; O 2 -e 7.1 alculaon of ERs and lers To calculae he ERs ha can be ssued a me * = 2 (he dae of verfcaon) for he monorng perod T = 2 1, hs mehodology uses he mos recen verson of he equaons approved by he Board, 3 whch produce he same esmaes as he followng: 2 3 GHG emssons from burnng of herbaceous vegeaon are neglgble (EB 42, para 35). See <hp://cdm.unfccc.n/reference/gudclarf/>. 15/23

16 ERs = AR DM, 2 Threh meeng Repor Page 16 (24) lers = AR (25) ERs lers AR DM, 2 DM, 2 AR DM, 1 Number of uns of emporary erfed Emsson Reducons Number of uns of long-erm erfed Emsson Reducons Ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks, a me = 2 ; O 2 -e AR Ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks a begnnng of he monorng perod, DM, 1 ha s, a = 1 ; O 2 -e 8. Daa and parameers no monored In addon o he parameers lsed n he ables below, he provsons relang o daa and parameers conaned n he ools referred o n hs mehodology apply. In choosng key parameers or makng mporan assumpons based on nformaon ha s no specfc o he projec crcumsances, such as n use of exsng publshed daa, PPs should rean a conservave approach: ha s, f dfferen values for a parameer are equally plausble, a value ha does no lead o over-esmaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks should be seleced. Daa / Parameer: B FOREST Daa un: d.m. ha -1 Used n Equaon: 4, 7 Descrpon: Defaul above-ground bomass conen n fores n he regon (or counry) where he A/R DM projec acvy s locaed Source of daa: The source of daa shall be seleced, n order of preference, from he followng: (a) Regonal/naonal nvenores e.g. naonal fores nvenory, naonal GHG nvenory; (b) Invenory from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (c) Globally avalable daa applcable o he projec se or o he regon/counry where he se s locaed (e.g. laes FAO daa); (d) IP defaul values from Table 3A.1.4 of IP GPG-LULUF 2003 Daa / Parameer: BEF 2, j Daa un: Dmensonless Used n Equaon: 16 Descrpon: Bomass expanson facor for converson of sem bomass o above-ground bomass for ree speces or group of speces j 16/23

17 Source of daa: ommens: Threh meeng Repor Page 17 The source of daa shall be seleced, n order of preference, from he followng: (a) Local sources of speces or group of speces-specfc daa; (b) Naonal sources of speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces; (e) IP defaul values (e.g. Table 3A.1.10 of IP GPG-LULUF 2003) 4 BEFs n IP leraure and naonal fores nvenores are usually applcable o closed canopy foress. If appled o ndvdual rees growng n open feld, s recommended ha he seleced BEF 2 be ncreased by 30% Daa / Parameer: BD TREE _ Daa un: d.m. ha -1 Used n Equaon: 6 Descrpon: Tree bomass conen per un area of he projec area, n baselne (obaned from publshed leraure) Source of daa: Publshed daa may relae o he projec area or o anoher area smlar o he projec area. If publshed daa s n erms of volume and no n erms of bomass, or he bomass daa does no nclude he below-ground bomass, hen ransparen and verfable mehod usng suable parameers may be used for calculang he ree bomass per un area from he avalable daa Daa / Parameer: F S Daa un: -1 d.m. Used n Equaon: 2, 19 Descrpon: arbon fracon of shrub bomass Source of daa: IP defaul value of d.m. may be used Daa / Parameer: F j Daa un: -1 d.m. Used n Equaon: 16, 17 Descrpon: arbon fracon of ree bomass for speces or group of speces j Source of daa: The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be he followng: (a) Naonal level speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. from Daa / Parameer: (b) naonal GHG nvenory); Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (c) Globally avalable daa (e.g. IP GPG-LULUF 2003); (d) The IP defaul value of d.m. F TREE _ Daa un: -1 d.m. Used n Equaon: 5 Descrpon: arbon fracon of dry maer for ree bomass n baselne Source of daa: IP defaul value d.m. may be used 4 Alhough he BEFs n Table 3A.1.10 apply o bomass, he dmensonless facors can be equally appled for wood volume expansons. 17/23

18 Threh meeng Repor Page 18 Daa / Parameer: D j Daa un: d.m. m -3 Used n Equaon: 16 Descrpon: Basc wood densy for speces or group of speces j Source of daa: The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be any of he followng: (a) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. from naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (b) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (c) Globally avalable speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. Table 3A.1.9 IP GPG-LULUF 2003) Daa / Parameer: ( DBH, H ) f j Daa un: d.m. Used n Equaon: 17 Descrpon: Allomerc funcon reurnng oal above-ground ree bomass on he bass of breas hegh (DBH) and/or hegh of he ree (H), for speces or group of speces j Source of daa: The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be any of he followng: (a) Exsng local and speces or group of speces-specfc daa; (b) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces (e.g. Tables 4.A.1 4.A.3 of IP GPG-LULUF 2003) Daa / Parameer: R j Daa un: Dmensonless Used n Equaon: 16, 17 Descrpon: Roo-shoo rao for speces or group of speces j Source of daa: The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be any of he followng: (a) Exsng local and speces or group of speces-specfc daa; (b) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces growng under smlar condons or smlar fores ype. If none of he above sources are avalable, hen he value of R j may be calculaed as B/A where B = exp[ *ln(a)], where A s above-ground bomass ( d.m. ha -1 ) and B s below-ground bomass ( d.m. ha -1 ) [Source: Table 4.A.4 of IP GPG-LULUF 2003] Daa / Parameer: R S Daa un: Dmensonless Used n Equaon: 4 Descrpon: Roo-shoo rao for shrubs 18/23

19 Source of daa: Threh meeng Repor Page 19 The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be any of he followng: (a) Exsng local and speces or group of speces-specfc daa; (b) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces. If none of he above sources are avalable, hen a defaul value of 0.40 may be used [Table 4.4 of 2006 IP Gudelnes for Naonal Greenhouse Gas Invenores] Daa / Parameer: R TREE _ Daa un: dmensonless Used n Equaon: 7 Descrpon: Roo-shoo rao for he rees n he baselne Source of daa: The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be any of he followng: (a) Exsng local and speces or group of speces-specfc daa; (b) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc daa (e.g. naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc daa from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces growng under smlar condons or smlar fores ype. If none of he above sources are avalable, hen he value of R TREE _ may be calculaed as B/A where B = exp[ *ln(a)], where A s aboveground bomass ( d.m. ha -1 ) and B s below-ground bomass ( d.m. ha -1 ) [Source: Table 4.A.4 of IP GPG-LULUF 2003] Daa / Parameer: T GROWTH Daa un: year Used n Equaon: 2, 3, 4, 19 Descrpon: Tme perod n whch shrub land bomass n an abandoned agrculural land sablses o s maxmum value Source of daa: A defaul value of 20 years s used Daa / Parameer: V TREE, j, p, Daa un: m 3 Used n Equaon: 16 Descrpon: Sem volume of rees of speces or group of speces j n plo p n sraum esmaed by usng he dameer a breas hegh (DBH) and/or ree hegh (H) as enry daa no a volume able 19/23

20 Source of daa: ommens: Threh meeng Repor Page 20 The source of daa, n order of preference, shall be he followng: (a) Exsng local and speces or group of speces-specfc ree growh daa or local volume ables; (b) Naonal and speces or group of speces-specfc ree growh daa or sandard volume ables (e.g. from naonal fores nvenory or naonal GHG nvenory); (c) Speces or group of speces-specfc ree growh daa or volume ables from neghbourng counres wh smlar condons; (d) Globally avalable daa applcable o speces or group of speces In case of ex ane esmaon, would no be possble o measure dameer of rees o be used n volume ables. In such cases, speces-specfc or group of speces-specfc age-dameer curves from local/naonal sources may be used o esmae he dameer a a gven pon of me. Age of rees n baselne may be esmaed from hsorcal records, parcpaory apprasal, or ree dendromery mehods III. MONITORING METHODOLOGY All daa colleced as par of monorng shall be archved elecroncally and be kep a leas for wo years afer he end of he las credng perod. One hundred percen of he daa should be monored f no ndcaed oherwse n he ables below. All measuremens should be conduced accordng o relevan sandards. In addon, he monorng provsons n he ools referred o n hs mehodology apply. 1. Monorng of projec mplemenaon Informaon shall be provded, and recorded n he projec desgn documen (PDD), o esablsh ha: (a) The geographc coordnaes of he projec boundary (and any srafcaon nsde he boundary) are esablshed, recorded and archved; (b) ommonly acceped prncples of fores nvenory and managemen n he hos counry are mplemened. In absence of hese, sandard operang procedures (SOPs) and qualy conrol/qualy assurance (QA/Q) procedures for nvenory operaons, ncludng feld daa collecon and daa managemen, shall be denfed, recorded and appled. Use or adapaon of SOPs avalable from publshed handbooks, or from he IP GPG LULUF 2003, s recommended; (c) The fores planng and managemen plan, ogeher wh a record of he plan as acually mplemened durng he projec, shall be avalable for valdaon and/or verfcaon. 2. Samplng desgn and srafcaon Srafcaon of he projec area no relavely homogeneous uns can eher ncrease he measurng precson whou ncreasng he cos unduly or reduce he cos whou reducng measurng precson because of he lower varance whn each homogeneous un. PPs should presen n he AR-DM-PDD an ex ane srafcaon of he projec area or jusfy he lack of. The number and boundares of he sraa defned ex ane may change durng he credng perod (ex pos). 2.1 Updang of sraa The ex pos srafcaon shall be updaed for he followng reasons: (a) Unexpeced dsurbances occurrng durng he credng perod (e.g. due o fre, pess or dsease oubreaks) ha have dfferng mpacs on varous pars of an orgnally homogeneous sraum; 20/23

21 Threh meeng Repor Page 21 (b) Fores managemen acves (cleanng, planng, hnnng, harvesng, re-replanng) ha are mplemened n a way ha affecs he exsng srafcaon. Esablshed sraa may be merged f reasons for her esablshng have dsappeared. 2.2 Precson requremens The requred precson level for bomass esmaon s ± 10% of he mean a a 90% confdence level. PPs may use he laes verson of he approved ool for alculaon of he number of sample plos for measuremens whn A/R DM projec acves o deermne he sample sze and allocaon of sample plos among sraa. 3. Daa and parameers monored The followng daa and parameers should be monored durng he projec acvy. When applyng all relevan equaons provded n hs mehodology for he ex ane calculaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks, PPs shall provde ransparen esmaons for he daa and parameers ha are monored durng he credng perod. These esmaons shall be based on measured or exsng publshed daa where possble, usng a conservave approach: ha s, f dfferen values for a parameer are equally plausble, a value ha does no lead o over-esmaon of ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks should be seleced. Daa / Parameer: A AB Daa un: ha Used n Equaon: 2 Descrpon: Area of abandoned agrculural land growng no shrub land a he sar of he projec acvy Source of daa: Feld measuremen Measuremen See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III procedures (f any): Monorng Measured n he year n whch he projec acvy sars frequency: QA/Q procedures: See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Daa / Parameer: A Daa un: ha Used n Equaon: 18 Descrpon: Area of sraum Source of daa: Delneaon of sraa boundares shall be done preferably usng a Geographcal Informaon Sysem (GIS) whch allows for negrang daa from dfferen sources (ncludng GPS coordnaes and remoely sensed daa) Measuremen See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III procedures (f any): Monorng Every fve years snce he year of he frs verfcaon frequency: QA/Q procedures: See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Daa / Parameer: A PLOT, Daa un: ha Used n Equaon: 18 Descrpon: Toal area of sample plos n sraum Source of daa: Feld measuremen 21/23

22 Threh meeng Repor Page 22 Measuremen procedures (f any): Monorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Every fve years snce he year of he frs verfcaon See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Daa / Parameer: A SHRUB,, Daa un: ha Used n Equaon: 19 Descrpon: Area of shrub land n sraum from whch shrubs are cleared n year Source of daa: Feld measuremen Measuremen See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III procedures (f any): Monorng Measured n he year n whch shrubs are cleared frequency: QA/Q procedures: See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Daa / Parameer: DBH Daa un: Any un of lengh used n he model or daa source used Used n Equaon: Implcly used n equaons 16 and 17 Descrpon: Usually he dameer a breas hegh of he ree; bu could be any oher dameer or dmensonal measuremen used n he model or daa source used, e.g. basal dameer, roo-collar dameer, basal area, ec. Source of daa: Feld measuremens n sample plos. For ex ane esmaons, DBH values should be esmaed for ree speces or group of speces j n sraum, a me usng a growh curve, a growh model, or a yeld able ha gves he expeced ree dmensons as a funcon of ree age Measuremen Typcally measured 1.3 m above-ground. Measure all he rees above some procedures (f any): mnmum DBH n he permanen sample plos. The mnmum DBH vares dependng on ree speces or group of speces and clmae; for nsance, he mnmum DBH may be as small as 2.5 cm for ard envronmens where rees grow slowly, whereas could be up o 10 cm for humd envronmens where rees grow rapdly Monorng Every fve years snce he year of he frs verfcaon frequency: QA/Q procedures: See paragraph 1(b) of Secon III Daa / Parameer: H Daa un: Any un of lengh used n he model or daa source used Used n Equaon: Implcly used n equaons 16 and 17 Descrpon: Hegh of ree Source of daa: Feld measuremens n sample plos. For ex ane esmaons, H values should be esmaed for ree speces or group of speces j n sraum, a me usng a growh curve, a growh model, or a yeld able ha gves he expeced ree dmensons as a funcon of ree age Measuremen Models used may be based on oal ree hegh (op hegh) or hegh of sem procedures (f any): (clear bole hegh). The relevan dmenson should be measured and used 22/23

23 Monorng frequency: QA/Q procedures: ommens: Every fve years snce he year of he frs verfcaon Threh meeng Repor Page 23 See paragraph 1 (b) of Secon III Models used may be based on uns of lengh oher han mere (e.g. fee), n whch case he approprae un of lengh only should be used Daa / Parameer: T Daa un: year Used n Equaon: 14 Descrpon: Tme perod elapsed beween wo successve esmaons of carbon sock n rees Source of daa: Recorded me Measuremen N/A procedures : ommens: If he wo successve esmaons of carbon sock n rees are carred ou a dfferen pons of me n year 2 and 1, (e.g. n he monh of Aprl n year 1 and n he monh of Sepember n year 2 ), hen a fraconal value shall be assgned o T 4. onservave approach and unceranes Whle applyng hs mehodology he PPs shall ensure ha Gudelnes on conservave choce and applcaon of defaul daa n esmaon of he ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks are followed for addressng uncerany. In choosng key parameers or makng mporan assumpons based on nformaon ha s no specfc o he projec crcumsances, such as n use of defaul daa, PPs should selec values ha wll lead o an accurae esmaon of ne GHG removals by snks, akng no accoun unceranes. If uncerany s sgnfcan, PPs should choose daa such ha ends o under-esmae, raher han over-esmae, ne anhropogenc GHG removals by snks. 5. References All references are quoed n foonoes Hsory of he documen Verson Dae Naure of revson(s) EB 58, Annex # 26 November 2010 To be consdered a EB 58. Decson lass: Regulaory Documen Type: Sandard Busness Funcon: Mehodology 23/23