Macroeconomics II. Growth. Recent phenomenon Great diversity of growth experiences across countries. Why do some countries grow and others not?
|
|
- George West
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Macroeconomics II Growth Growth Theory Facts about growth Recent phenomenon Great diversity of growth experiences across countries What drives growth? Inputs Technology Why do some countries grow and others not? Insights into growth miracles and failures 1
2 What is Growth About? 12 United States - Gross Domestic Product Constant Prices - Trillions of US Dollars q1 1960q1 1970q1 1980q1 1990q1 2000q1 Actual series Trend What is Growth About? (cont d) We divide real GDP into two components: Trend: Long-term and very persistent movements in GDP. Cycle: Transient and short-lived fluctuations around the trend. The phenomenon of growth is characterized by the trend: The US has experienced sustained and stable GDP growth over the past 150 years. For pc GDP, the annual growth rate was 1.75% for the period
3 Progress is recent and striking Estimates for the World Statistic Year Population (billions) GDP Per Capita (1990 US $) ,709 Life expectancy Source: Maddison, Millennial Perspective, OECD, 2001, Tables 1-2, 1-5a. Cross-Country Income Comparison Country GDP per capita* United States 27,655 Singapore 25,740 Japan 22,863 Germany 21,116 France 20,534 Britain 18,616 Mexico 7,744 Russia 4,120 China 3,120 *1996 $. PPP adjusted 3
4 Geographic distribution of income Graphs by year Africa Europe + USSR Latin America Western Offshoots Asia Japan Western Europe Some Growth Facts Enormous variation in incomes across countries. Large variation in growth rates: Most poor countries grow slowly Most rich countries grow moderately A few previously poor countries grow very fast Current growth is explosive by historical standards. 4
5 Growth Rate Diversity Growth Rates Have a Huge Impact Compounding is a very powerful source: Growth Rates Growth 1% Actual 2.3% Growth 3% Growth 6% Time GDP pc measured in billions of 2000 chained dollars 5
6 Growth Rates Have Huge Impact (cont d) Previous picture: The implications of small changes in growth rates have enormous consequences for individual welfare. As Nobel laureate Robert Lucas put it: Is there some action a government of India could take that would lead the Indian government to grow like Indonesia s or Egypt s? If so, what exactly? If not, what is it about the nature of India that makes it so? The consequences for human welfare involved in questions like these are simply staggering: Once one starts to think about them, it is hard to think about anything else. Analysis of Growth: Where Does it Come From? Capital (buildings, infrastructure and machines) Output (GDP) Total Factor Productivity (technological knowledge and efficiency) Labor (Hours worked, number of of workers) 6
7 Aggregate Production Function Output = TFP Capital Stock α Labor Hours (1-α ) Real GDP A parameter (a number, 0 < α < 1) Total Factor Productivity Aggregate production function: useful construct to think of how inputs interact to generate real GDP. Role of Inputs More inputs means more output. Diminishing marginal returns to labor. 1 worker = $10 in output Marginal return is 2 workers = $18 in output $8 in output Marginal return is 3 workers = $24 in output $6 in output The same applies to capital. This will be true whenever parameter α < 1. More on this later. 7
8 Where Does Growth Come From? (cont d) Let us rewrite the production function: Y = A K α L 1- α where: Y is real GDP A is Total Factor Productivity K is the capital stock L is the number of hours worked Growth accounting: What changes in inputs were associated with the observed changes in output? Left-hand side must equal right-hand side! Where Does Growth Come From? (cont d) Decompose growth rate of real output, g Y into growth rates of TFP, g A, of the capital stock, g K, and hours, g L. How?... Take logs: lny = lna + α lnk + (1- α) ln L Remember that lny t = lny t lny t-1 = g Y. Therefore: g Y = g A + α g K + (1- α) g L. Given a value for α, and data on Y, K and L, one can compute A (and, consequently, g A ). 8
9 Growth accounting for Japan, Germany, the UK, and the United States, Growth accounting for Japan, Germany, the UK, and the United States,
10 Growth accounting for Japan, Germany, the UK, and the United States, Growth Accounting Japan Capital growth important through out Labor, TFP important US TFP important until 73 Labor important after 73 UK and Germany rely less on labor Overall, capital accumulation and TFP are the most important components of growth 10
11 Growth Accounting in Emerging Markets, Growth Accounting in Emerging Markets (cont d) This group of countries started their growth process later. Overall, capital accumulation was the most important component of growth. Unlike most industrialized countries, TFP played a surprisingly small role in accounting for growth. Increases in labor input were, instead, the second most important component of growth. 11
12 Europe and Asia Total Output: Of Which Capital Labor TFP Golden Age France 5.0% 1.6% 0.3% 3.1% UK 3.0% 1.6% 0.2% 1.2% W. Germany 6.0% 2.2% 0.5% 3.3% Asian Miracle China 6.8% 2.3% 1.9% 2.6% Hong Kong 7.3% 2.8% 2.1% 2.4% Indonesia 5.6% 2.9% 1.9% 0.8% Korea 8.3% 4.3% 2.5% 1.5% Thailand 7.5% 3.7% 2.0% 1.8% Singapore 8.5% 4.4% 2.2% 1.5% Europe relied on capital and TFP Asian countries have relied on capital 12
Long-term economic growth Growth and factors of production
Understanding the World Economy Master in Economics and Business Long-term economic growth Growth and factors of production Lecture 2 Nicolas Coeurdacier nicolas.coeurdacier@sciencespo.fr Output per capita
More informationAND THE GLOBAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
MACROECONOMICS AND THE GLOBAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT The Wealth of Nations The Supply Side PowerPoint by Beth Ingram University of Iowa Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. 3-2 Key
More informationLong-term economic growth Growth and factors of production
Understanding the World Economy Master in Economics and Business Long-term economic growth Growth and factors of production Lecture 2 Nicolas Coeurdacier nicolas.coeurdacier@sciencespo.fr Lecture 2 : Long-term
More informationSaving and investment. The Global Economy. The Production Function. Roadmap. Reminders. Reminder: real and nominal GDP
Saving and investment How important for economic performance? Examples? The Global Economy Why? The Production Function 2 Roadmap Saving Reminders Economic history of the world Theory: the production function
More informationRoad Map to this Lecture
Economic Growth 1 Road Map to this Lecture 1. Steady State dynamics: 1. Output per capita 2. Capital accumulation 3. Depreciation 4. Steady State 2. The Golden Rule: maximizing welfare 3. Total Factor
More informationNatural resources. Macroeconomics The Production Function. Natural resources. Spreadsheet basics. What s happening? What s happening?
Natural resources Good or bad for economic performance? Macroeconomics The Production Function Examples? Why? 2 Natural resources What we know Countries with lots of resources do worse on average Dutch
More informationIntroduction to economic growth (1)
Introduction to economic growth (1) EKN 325 Manoel Bittencourt University of Pretoria M Bittencourt (University of Pretoria) EKN 325 1 / 32 Introduction In the last century the USA has experienced a tenfold
More informationGlobal Construction 2030 Expo EDIFICA 2017 Santiago Chile. 4-6 October 2017
Global Construction 2030 Expo EDIFICA 2017 Santiago Chile 4-6 October 2017 Graham Robinson Global Construction Perspectives Global Construction 2030 is the fourth in a series of global studies of the construction
More informationECONOMIC GROWTH. Objectives. Transforming People s Lives. Transforming People s Lives. Transforming People s Lives CHAPTER
ECONOMIC 30 GROWTH CHAPTER Objectives After studying this chapter, you will able to Describe the long-term growth trends in Canada and other countries and regions Identify the main sources of long-term
More informationEconomic growth: Interesting Facts and Examples. 2Topic
Economic growth: Interesting Facts and Examples 2Topic The Basics of Economic Growth U.S. real GDP per person and the standard of living tripled between 1960 and 2010. We see even more dramatic change
More informationTOPIC 4 Economi G c rowth
TOPIC 4 Economic Growth Growth Accounting Growth Accounting Equation Y = A F(K,N) (production function). GDP Growth Rate =!Y/Y Growth accounting equation:!y/y =!A/A +! K!K/K +! N!N/N Output, in a country
More informationEC 205 Macroeconomics I
EC 205 Macroeconomics I Macroeconomics I Chapter 8 & 9: Economic Growth Why growth matters In 2000, real GDP per capita in the United States was more than fifty times that in Ethiopia. Over the period
More informationGrowth. Prof. Eric Sims. Fall University of Notre Dame. Sims (ND) Growth Fall / 39
Growth Prof. Eric Sims University of Notre Dame Fall 2012 Sims (ND) Growth Fall 2012 1 / 39 Economic Growth When economists say growth, typically mean average rate of growth in real GDP per capita over
More informationLong run growth 3: Sources of growth
International Economics and Business Dynamics Class Notes Long run growth 3: Sources of growth Revised: October 9, 2012 Latest version available at http://www.fperri.net/teaching/20205.htm In the previous
More informationmacro macroeconomics Economic Growth I Economic Growth I I (chapter 7) N. Gregory Mankiw
macro Topic CHAPTER 4: SEVEN I (chapter 7) macroeconomics fifth edition N. Gregory Mankiw PowerPoint Slides by Ron Cronovich 2002 Worth Publishers, all rights reserved (ch. 7) Chapter 7 learning objectives
More informationWhy are some countries richer than others? Part 1
Understanding the World Economy Why are some countries richer than others? Part 1 Lecture 1 Nicolas Coeurdacier nicolas.coeurdacier@sciencespo.fr Practical matters Course website http://econ.sciences-po.fr/staff/nicolas-coeurdacier
More informationEconomic Growth I Macroeconomics Finals
Economic Growth I Macroeconomics Finals Introduction and the Solow growth model Martin Ellison Nuffield College Hilary Term 2016 The Wealth of Nations Performance of economy over many years Growth a recent
More informationThe Determinants of Consumption and Saving
The Determinants of Consumption and Saving Charles Yuji Horioka (Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, and National Bureau of Economic Research) Prepared for presentation at the
More informationGrowth and Ideas. Martin Ellison, Hilary Term 2017
Growth and Ideas Martin Ellison, Hilary Term 2017 Recap of the Solow model 2 Production function is Cobb-Douglas with constant returns to scale in capital and labour - exponent of 1/3 on K Goods invested
More informationEconomic Growth: Malthus and Solow
Economic Growth: Malthus and Solow Economics 4353 - Intermediate Macroeconomics Aaron Hedlund University of Missouri Fall 2015 Econ 4353 (University of Missouri) Malthus and Solow Fall 2015 1 / 35 Introduction
More informationConditional convergence: how long is the long-run? Paul Ormerod. Volterra Consulting. April Abstract
Conditional convergence: how long is the long-run? Paul Ormerod Volterra Consulting April 2003 pormerod@volterra.co.uk Abstract Mainstream theories of economic growth predict that countries across the
More informationLong run growth 3: Sources of growth
Macroeconomic Policy Class Notes Long run growth 3: Sources of growth Revised: October 24, 2011 Latest version available at www.fperri.net/teaching/macropolicyf11.htm In the previous lecture we concluded
More informationECON 450 Development Economics
ECON 450 Development Economics Classic Theories of Economic Growth and Development The Solow Growth Model University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Summer 2017 Introduction In this lecture we start the
More informationThe Theory of Economic Growth
The Theory of The Importance of Growth of real GDP per capita A measure of standards of living Small changes make large differences over long periods of time The causes and consequences of sustained increases
More informationThe Theory of Economic Growth
The Theory of 1 The Importance of Growth of real GDP per capita A measure of standards of living Small changes make large differences over long periods of time The causes and consequences of sustained
More informationEconomic Growth. (c) Copyright 1999 by Douglas H. Joines 1. Module Objectives
Economic Growth Module Objectives now what determines the growth rates of aggregate and per capita GDP Distinguish factors that affect the economy s growth rate from those that merely shift the level of
More informationGlobal Investor Study 2017
Global Investor Study 2017 Investor behaviour: from priorities to expectations Global Investor Study 2017 1 Contents 3 Overview 11 Millennials paint a conflicted picture 4 The global thirst for more investment
More information2012 Canazei Winter Workshop on Inequality
2012 Canazei Winter Workshop on Inequality Measuring the Global Distribution of Wealth Jim Davies 11 January 2012 Collaborators Susanna Sandström, Tony Shorrocks, Ed Wolff The world distribution of household
More informationECO 4933 Topics in Theory
ECO 4933 Topics in Theory Introduction to Economic Growth Fall 2015 Chapter 2 1 Chapter 2 The Solow Growth Model Chapter 2 2 Assumptions: 1. The world consists of countries that produce and consume only
More informationFinancial wealth of private households worldwide
Economic Research Financial wealth of private households worldwide Munich, October 217 Recovery in turbulent times Assets and liabilities of private households worldwide in EUR trillion and annualrate
More informationAgainst the Consensus Reflections on the Great Recession. Justin Yifu Lin National School of Development Peking University
Against the Consensus Reflections on the Great Recession Justin Yifu Lin National School of Development Peking University Contents What caused the global crisis A win-win path to recovery Can developing
More information1 Four facts on the U.S. historical growth experience, aka the Kaldor facts
1 Four facts on the U.S. historical growth experience, aka the Kaldor facts In 1958 Nicholas Kaldor listed 4 key facts on the long-run growth experience of the US economy in the past century, which have
More informationClass 3. Explaining Economic Growth. The Solow-Swan Model
MACROECONOMICS I Class 3. Explaining Economic Growth. The Solow-Swan Model March 7 th, 2014 Announcement Homewor assignment #1 is now posted on the web Deadline: March 21 st, before the class (12:00) Submission:
More informationChapter 6: Long-Run Economic Growth
Chapter 6: Long-Run Economic Growth Cheng Chen FBE of HKU October 12, 2017 Chen, C. (FBE of HKU) ECON2102/2220: Intermediate Macroeconomics October 12, 2017 1 / 59 Chapter Outline Discuss the sources of
More informationASIA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: THREE POLICY CHALLENGES
ASIA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: THREE POLICY CHALLENGES Razeen Sally EFN ASIA CONFERENCE 2012 Hong Kong, 7 th November 2112 ASIA IN THE WORLD ECONOMY Setting the scene - Shift to the East, accelerated by the
More informationGlobalization and Outsourcing Don Rosenfield Session 21
Globalization and Outsourcing Don Rosenfield Session 21 The articles suggest a number of questions What do recent trends suggest for global strategies (e.g changes in Chinese sourcing)? What are strategies
More informationassumption. Use these two equations and your earlier result to derive an expression for consumption per worker in steady state.
Tutorial sheet 2 for UBC Macroeconomics Martin Ellison, 2018 Exercise on consumption in the Solow growth model The Solow growth model is in steady-state when investment ss YY tt is exactly offset by depreciation
More informationImagine that countries A and B each have ten people (or ten equally large groups of people) with incomes distributed as follows:
Practice Problems EC 102.03 Questions 1. Suppose you are comparing income per capita in the United States and Ghana. You first convert the values into U.S. dollars using the current exchange rate between
More informationECON MACROECONOMIC PRINCIPLES Instructor: Dr. Juergen Jung Towson University. J.Jung Chapter 8 - Economic Growth Towson University 1 / 64
ECON 202 - MACROECONOMIC PRINCIPLES Instructor: Dr. Juergen Jung Towson University J.Jung Chapter 8 - Economic Growth Towson University 1 / 64 Disclaimer These lecture notes are customized for the Macroeconomics
More informationMacroeconomic Models of Economic Growth
Macroeconomic Models of Economic Growth J.R. Walker U.W. Madison Econ448: Human Resources and Economic Growth Summary Solow Model [Pop Growth] The simplest Solow model (i.e., with exogenous population
More informationSovereign Development Funds and the Shifting Wealth of Nations
Sovereign Development Funds and the Shifting Wealth of Nations Salzburg Global Seminar Javier Santiso Director and Chief Economist 27 September Salzburg, Austria A fundamental shift Emerging economies
More informationChapter 1. Introduction: The Facts of Economic Growth. Instructor: Dmytro Hryshko
Chapter 1. Introduction: The of Economic Growth Instructor: Dmytro Hryshko New Directions in Economic Growth Why are some countries rich and other poor? Modern treatment starts with Solow (1956, 1957)
More informationECON 1010 Principles of Macroeconomics Exam #2. Section A: Multiple Choice Questions. (30 points; 2 pts each)
ECON 1010 Principles of Macroeconomics Exam #2 Section A: Multiple Choice Questions. (30 points; 2 pts each) #1. If the price level in the economy and the nominal wages both doubled, then real wages would
More informationChapter 10. Preview. Introduction. Trade Policy in Developing Countries
Chapter 10 Trade Policy in Developing Countries Slides prepared by Thomas Bishop Copyright 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Preview Import substituting industrialization Trade liberalization
More informationThe Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific
The Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific 10 November 2015 Kenichi Kawasaki GRIPS/JIIA/RIETI 29 October 2011 Overview The relative significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific TPP and RCEP are shown to
More informationMacroeconomics CHAPTER 8. Long-Run Economic Growth
Macroeconomics CHAPTER 8 Long-Run Economic Growth PowerPoint Slides by Can Erbil 2006 Worth Publishers, all rights reserved What you will learn in this chapter: How long-run growth can be measured by the
More informationMACROECONOMICS. Solow Growth Model Applications and Extensions. Zongye Huang ISEM, CUEB
MACROECONOMICS Solow Growth Model Applications and Extensions Zongye Huang ISEM, CUEB Kaldor Stylized Facts Kaldor (1957) proposed six statements about economic growth as "a stylized view of the facts".
More informationQUESTIONNAIRE A I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (3 points each)
ECO2143 Macroeconomic Theory II First mid-term examination: January 26 2018 University of Ottawa Professor: Louis Hotte Time allotted: 1h 20min Attention: Not all questionnaires are the same. This is questionnaire
More informationHow Global Aging Will Transform the Economy, Society, and Geopolitical Order of the 21 st Century
How Global Aging Will Transform the Economy, Society, and Geopolitical Order of the 21 st Century Richard Jackson President Global Aging Institute LONGEVITY 13 Taipei September 21, 2017 The world stands
More informationChapter 8 Economic Growth I: Capital Accumulation and Population Growth
Chapter 8 Economic Growth I: Capital Accumulation and Population Growth Modified by Yun Wang Eco 3203 Intermediate Macroeconomics Florida International University Summer 2017 2016 Worth Publishers, all
More informationThe Global Economy. RISI Asian Forest Products Summit 22 June, David Katsnelson Director, Macroeconomics
The Global Economy Heightened drisks RISI Asian Forest Products Summit 22 June, 2016 David Katsnelson Director, Macroeconomics Agenda 1. Global Snapshot A Two-Track World 2. China Slowing, Not Crashing
More informationA 45 Year Forecast for the World Economies April 8, 2008
A 45 Year Forecast for the World Economies April 8, 2008 Over the next 45 years, Vietnam and Nigeria may emerge as the premier developing economies. Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PWC), in their newly released
More informationPOST-CRISIS GLOBAL REBALANCING CONFERENCE ON GLOBALIZATION AND THE LAW OF THE SEA WASHINGTON DC, DEC 1-3, Barry Bosworth
POST-CRISIS GLOBAL REBALANCING CONFERENCE ON GLOBALIZATION AND THE LAW OF THE SEA WASHINGTON DC, DEC 1-3, 2010 Barry Bosworth I. Economic Rise of Asia Emerging economies of Asia have performed extremely
More informationMacroeconomic Models of Economic Growth
Macroeconomic Models of Economic Growth J.R. Walker U.W. Madison Econ448: Human Resources and Economic Growth Course Roadmap: Seemingly Random Topics First midterm a week from today. What have we covered
More informationProfessor Christina Romer. LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 13, 2018
Economics 2 Spring 2018 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 13, 2018 I. OVERVIEW A. Two central topics of macroeconomics B. The key
More informationA short history of debt
A short history of debt In the words of the late Charles Kindleberger, debt/financial crises are a hardy perennial we have been here many times before. Over the past decade and a half the ratio of global
More informationPrinciples of Macroeconomics 2017 Productivity and Growth. Takeki Sunakawa
Principles of Macroeconomics 2017 Productivity and Growth Takeki Sunakawa What will be covered Preliminary mathematics: Growth rate, the rule of 70, and the ratio scale Data and questions Productivity,
More informationEconomic Education Lecture. Emerging Giants: Perspectives on India and China. February 7, 2013
Economic Education Lecture Emerging Giants: Perspectives on India and China February 7, 2013 B. Ravikumar, Vice President February 7, 2013 EMERGING GIANTS: PERSPECTIVES ON INDIA The views expressed here
More information!!!1!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! The Association of Real Estate Funds & Property Funds Research
1 The Association of Real Estate Funds & Property Funds Research Global Real Estate Funds Review H1 216 Contents CONTENTS 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 UNLISTED FUND UNIVERSE: OVERVIEW (EX FOF) 6 UNLISTED FUNDS
More informationChina s Growth Miracle: Past, Present, and Future
China s Growth Miracle: Past, Present, and Future Li Yang 1 Over the past 35 years, China has achieved extraordinary economic performance thanks to the market-oriented reforms and opening-up. By the end
More information2018 CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATES
2018 CAPITAL GAINS DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATES Estimated amounts of upcoming capital gain distributions are shown below. Estimated distributions can change prior to the record date depending on current market
More informationCurrent Financial Crisis and the Polish and U.S. Economies Edward C. Prescott
Current Financial Crisis and the Polish and U.S. Economies Edward C. Prescott June 11, 2010 Cracow University of Economics Poland Is Not a PIG Poland Is Healthy and Growing The U.S. Economy Is Depressed,
More informationNew in 2013: Greater emphasis on capital flows Refinements to EBA methodology Individual country assessments
As in 212: Stock-take: multilaterally consistent assessment of external sector policies of the largest economies Feeds into Article IVs Draws on External Balance Assessment (EBA) methodology/other Identifies
More informationComments on Corporate leverage in emerging Asia
Comments on Corporate leverage in emerging Asia Dragon Yongjun Tang 1 1. Findings and contributions of the paper This paper empirically examines the determinants of capital structure of Asian firms and
More informationPreview. Chapter 10. Introduction. Introduction
Chapter 10 Trade Policy in Developing Countries Preview Import substituting industrialization Trade liberalization since 1985 Export oriented industrialization Slides prepared by Thomas Bishop Copyright
More informationThe Global Economic Environment. Chapter 2. Dr Inda Sukati Faculty of Management Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Global Economic Environment Chapter 2 Dr Inda Sukati Faculty of Management Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 1 The Global Economic Environment 2 Introduction This chapter includes: An overview of the world
More informationGlobal Economy is Expected to Grow by 3.4 % in 2016 GDP growth in 2016, %
Russia Brazil Mexico Rest of Latin America Rest of Eastern Europe Middle East and Africa Global Economy is Expected to Grow by 3.4 % in 216 GDP growth in 216, % 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1-1 -2-3 -4 North America
More informationThe Global Economic Crisis: Asia and the role of China Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University March 31, 2009
The Global Economic Crisis: Asia and the role of China Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University March 31, 29 Anoop Singh Asia and Pacific Department IMF 1 Five key questions
More informationEAST ASIAN OASIS OF STABILITY: GEOGRAPHICAL RE-BALANCING OF TRADE. DJISMAN SIMANDJUNTAK CSIS and PRASETIYA MULYA BUSINESS SCHOOL
EAST ASIAN OASIS OF STABILITY: GEOGRAPHICAL RE-BALANCING OF TRADE DJISMAN SIMANDJUNTAK CSIS and PRASETIYA MULYA BUSINESS SCHOOL 1 FACTORS AFFECTING SEVERITY OF A CRISIS RATIO OF FINANCIAL WEALTH TO TOTAL
More informationDomestic and Foreign Debt: Global Projections to 2050
Domestic and Foreign Debt: Global Projections to 2050 John L Perkins National Institute of Economics and Industry Research, Melbourne. Project LINK, 26 October 2011 Outline Long term model features Government
More informationEconomic and Investment Review. Kelvin Blacklock and Nick Scott Prudential Corporation Asia November 2004
Economic and Investment Review Kelvin Blacklock and Nick Scott Prudential Corporation Asia November 24 24 Key messages Asia saves enormous amounts of capital and is fast becoming the world s provider of
More informationThe Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific
The Relative Significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific 19 June 2014 Consulting Fellow, RIETI Kenichi Kawasaki 29 October 2011 Overview The relative significance of EPAs in Asia-Pacific TPP and RCEP are shown
More informationHamid Rashid, Ph.D. Chief Global Economic Monitoring Unit Development Policy Analysis Division UNDESA, New York
Hamid Rashid, Ph.D. Chief Global Economic Monitoring Unit Development Policy Analysis Division UNDESA, New York 1 Global macroeconomic trends Major headwinds Risks and uncertainties Policy questions and
More informationWill Asian Fiscal Stimulus Packages Stimulate Growth
2009/SOM2/FMP/SFOM6/010 Session: 2 Will Asian Fiscal Stimulus Packages Stimulate Growth Purpose: Information Submitted by: Asian Development Bank 6 th Senior Finance Officials Meeting Singapore 17-18 July
More informationDIVERSIFICATION. Diversification
Diversification Helps you capture what global markets offer Reduces risks that have no expected return May prevent you from missing opportunity Smooths out some of the bumps Helps take the guesswork out
More informationSession 2. Saving and Investment. The Real Interest Rate. National Accounting
Session 2. Saving and. The Real Interest Rate. v National Accounting Identity v Consumption and Saving v v Equilibrium and the real interest rate v Applications: Farewell to cheap capital? National Accounting
More informationGlobal Report on Tax Morale. Preliminary findings. Christian Daude Head of Americas Desk OECD Development Centre
Global Report on Tax Morale Preliminary findings Christian Daude Head of Americas Desk OECD Development Centre Task Force on Tax and Development Subgroup State Building, Taxation and Aid Paris, 8 February
More informationWhat do PPP Studies Tell us About the Economies of China and India? Alan Heston University of Pennsylvania
What do PPP Studies Tell us About the Economies of China and India? Alan Heston University of Pennsylvania A Comparative Perspective Normally Benchmark PPP Comparisons are done at a point in time, such
More informationSolow Growth Accounting
Econ 307 Lecture 3 Solow Growth Accounting Let the production function be of general form: Y = BK α L (1 α ) We call B `multi-factor productivity It measures the productivity of the composite of labour
More informationAXA. Henri de Castries. Chairman & CEO. September 18, Sanford C. Bernstein s 11 th Annual Pan- European Strategic Decisions Conference
AXA Henri de Castries Chairman & CEO September 18, 2014 Sanford C. Bernstein s 11 th Annual Pan- European Strategic Decisions Conference Cautionary note concerning forward-looking statements Certain statements
More informationManaging Healthcare Expenditures: Fiscal Projections and Effects of Reforms
Managing Healthcare Expenditures: Fiscal Projections and Effects of Reforms SANJEEV GUPTA DEPUTY DIRECTOR, FISCAL AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT TOKYO, JUNE 6, 2016 Outlook of Public Health Spending Percent of GDP
More information2018 Edelman Trust Barometer
2018 Edelman Trust Barometer Snapshot Australia #TrustBarometer Trust Index A World of Distrust Average trust in institutions, general population, 2017 vs. 2018 Global Trust Index remains at distruster
More informationLinking Education for Eurostat- OECD Countries to Other ICP Regions
International Comparison Program [05.01] Linking Education for Eurostat- OECD Countries to Other ICP Regions Francette Koechlin and Paulus Konijn 8 th Technical Advisory Group Meeting May 20-21, 2013 Washington
More informationThe Evolving Role of Trade in Asia: Opening a New Chapter. Fall 2018 REO Background Paper
The Evolving Role of Trade in Asia: Opening a New Chapter Fall 2018 REO Background Paper Outline Trade Tensions and Spillovers: Spotlight on Asia Gains from Liberalization 2 Trade tensions have escalated.
More informationMACROECONOMICS. Economic Growth I: Capital Accumulation and Population Growth MANKIW. In this chapter, you will learn. Why growth matters
C H A P T E R 7 Economic Growth I: Capital Accumulation Population Growth MACROECONOMICS N. GREGORY MANKIW 2007 Worth Publishers, all rights reserved SIXTH EDITION PowerPoint Slides by Ron Cronovich In
More informationINTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH. Dongpeng Liu Department of Economics Nanjing University
INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH Dongpeng Liu Department of Economics Nanjing University ROADMAP INCOME EXPENDITURE LIQUIDITY PREFERENCE IS CURVE LM CURVE SHORT-RUN IS-LM MODEL AGGREGATE DEMAND AGGREGATE
More informationChapter 10: International Trade and the Developing Countries
Chapter 10: International Trade and the Developing Countries Krugman, P.R., Obstfeld, M.: International Economics: Theory and Policy, 8th Edition, Pearson Addison-Wesley, 250-265 Frankel, J., and D. Romer
More informationAbout 80% of the countries have GDP per capita below the average income per head
ECON 7010: Economics of Development Introduction to Economics Development Why poor countries consume less? Because they produce less Lack of physical capital (no tools and machinery) Lack of necessary
More informationPutting Consumers First: The 2006 Guglielmo Marconi Lecture William W. Lewis Director Emeritus, McKinsey Global Institute Brussels, 04 December 2006
Putting Consumers First: The 2006 Guglielmo Marconi Lecture William W. Lewis Director Emeritus, McKinsey Global Institute Brussels, 04 December 2006 Consumers First The Remaining Difference Between Europe
More informationECON 6022B Problem Set 1 Suggested Solutions Fall 2011
ECON 6022B Problem Set Suggested Solutions Fall 20 September 5, 20 Shocking the Solow Model Consider the basic Solow model in Lecture 2. Suppose the economy stays at its steady state in Period 0 and there
More informationPMITM. The world s leading economic indicator
PMITM The world s leading economic indicator The Purchasing Managers IndexTM (PMITM) is based on monthly surveys of carefully selected companies representing major and developing economies worldwide. KEY
More informationProfessor Christina Romer. LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 13, 2018
Economics 2 Spring 2018 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 13, 2018 I. OVERVIEW A. Two central topics of macroeconomics B. The key
More informationGlobal growth weakening as some risks materialise
OECD INTERIM ECONOMIC OUTLOOK Global growth weakening as some risks materialise 6 March 2019 Laurence Boone OECD Chief Economist http://www.oecd.org/eco/outlook/economic-outlook/ ECOSCOPE blog: oecdecoscope.wordpress.com
More informationChapter 10 Selected Answers
Chapter 10 Selected Answers Problem 10.1: (a) Table 10.1.1. Catching Up GDP per capita in 2008 (constant 2008 dollars) Growth rate needed for Catch Up to U.S. 2008 Level in: 100 years 200 years United
More informationKey Economic Challenges in Japan and Asia. Changyong Rhee IMF Asia and Pacific Department February
Key Economic Challenges in Japan and Asia Changyong Rhee IMF Asia and Pacific Department February 2017 1 Global and Asia Outlook 2 Global activity strengthening, with rising dispersion and uncertainty
More informationProfessor Christina Romer. LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 14, 2017
Economics 2 Spring 2017 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 16 TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 14, 2017 I. OVERVIEW A. Long-run trend and short-run fluctuations in real
More informationPotential Effects of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on the Philippine Economy*
Potential Effects of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on the Philippine Economy* Caesar B. Cororaton Presented at the Philippine Institute for Development Studies Quezon City, Metro Manila
More informationProfessor Christina Romer. LECTURE 18 TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 29, 2016
Economics 2 Spring 2016 Professor Christina Romer Professor David Romer LECTURE 18 TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH March 29, 2016 I. OVERVIEW A. Long-run trend and short-run fluctuations in real GDP B.
More informationDivision on Investment and Enterprise
Division on Investment and Enterprise Readers are encouraged to use the data in this publication for non-commercial purposes, provided acknowledgement is explicitly given to UNCTAD, together with the reference
More informationMethodology Calculating the insurance gap
Methodology Calculating the insurance gap Insurance penetration Methodology 3 Insurance Insurance Penetration Rank Rank Rank penetration penetration difference 2018 2012 change 2018 report 2012 report
More information