PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY

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1 PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY Vol122,No12 Mar1,2003 : (2003) ,2 1, (11, ; 21, ) :,,,,,,,,,, : ; ; ; : F12919,,,,,,, WTO, [1 ], ( ) ( ) [2 ],,,,,, ( 1) : ; : : ( KZCX22307) ; ( ) ; ( ) : (19752),,, : E2mail :

196 22 112,, [3 ], [4 ],, ( Porter M1E1), [5 ] [2 ] 1 Fig11 The research scope of industrial competitiveness,,, 2 211

2 ,, [3 ], [4 ],, ( Porter M1E1), [5 ] [2 ] 1 Fig11 The research scope of industrial competitiveness,,, (David Ricardo) (Adam [6 Smith) ],, [6 ] 20, (Bertil Ohlin) ( E1 Hechscher) [6 -, ], (Raymand vernon),, [6 ],,,,,,,,,

3 2 : 197, (Trade Specialization Coefficient) (Relative Export Performance) [7 (P1J1 Lloyd & Herbert Grubel) ], 212,,, :,,,,, :,, ( 2) ;,,,,,,,,, 2 Fig12 The relationship between comparative advantage and competitive advantage 3 311, [8, ],,,,,,,,,, ;,, 312,,

4 [9 ],,,,, 313,,,, ( 3),,, 3 Fig13 The life cycle of industrial competitiveness 314,,,,,,,,,,, 315,,,,,, 4 411, : P i = ( M i / i M i ) / ( M i/ M i) i

5 2 : 199 P i i M, M i ( ) i, ; M i i : 1,, ; 1,, ; 1, 412 [10,11, ] : IC = ( w j P j ) j, IC, P j j, w j j j 413 Delphi (AHP) Delphi, AHP,,,,, IAHP [12 ], (1) c ij = C = (2) S = c ij ] n n 1 i j 0 i j - 1 i j s ij ] n n (3) R = s ij = d i - d j, d i = c ij j r ij ] n n, r ij = p ( s ij / s m ), s m = Ma xs ij = Max ( d i ) - Min ( d j ) i, j i j p, p = 3 7, 3, : > >,, ,

6 200 22,, ( 1) : 512,,,,,,,,, 1 Tab11 Manufacture industries competitiveness in eastern coastal provinces and municipalities : (2001),,,,,

7 2 : 201,,,,,,,,,,,, [1 ] 1 1,1997,16(3) :8 161 [2 ] 1 1 :, [3 ] World Economic Forum (WEF) 1 The Global Competitiveness Report11998 :7 81 [4 ] International Institute Management Development ( IMD) 1 The World Competitiveness Yearbook (2000) : [5 ] Michael E1 Porter1 The Competitive Advantage of Nations1 London : The Macmillan Press Ltd1, 1990 :1271 [6 ], 1 WTO 1 :,2001, [7 ] 1 1 :, [8 ], 1 1,2000,19 (4) : [9 ] 1 1,2001,20(3) : [10 ], 1 (1999) 1 :, [11 ], 1 1,2001,20(2) : [12 ],, 1 1,1998,13(4) : A Comparative Study on Industrial Competitiveness a case study of manufacture industries in eastern coastal provinces and municipalities of China J IA Ruoxiang 1,2, LIU Yi 1 (11Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China ; 21Graduate School of CAS, Beijing , China) Abstract : China s industries have changed form rapid development stage to competition stage in pre2

8 sent time1 The study on industrial competitiveness is of great theoretical and practical importance1 This paper analyzes the connotation of industrial competitiveness, which is defined as the industries capa2 bility to exploit and hold the market compared with their counterparts under free trade market situation1 Industrial competitiveness is the ligament between national competitiveness and enterprise competitive2 ness1 Comparative advantage (which emphasizes the resourses endowment, capital and labor force) and competitive advantage (which emphasizes the industries market performance) are the analysis bases for industrial competitiveness research1 Comparative advantage is the foundation for competitive advan2 tages while competitive advantage can enhance comparative advantage in return1 The factors affecting the industrial competitiveness, which include resources endowment, location factors, science and tech2 nology, industrial organization,and policy environments, are briefly analyzed1 This paper also makes exploration on industrial competitiveness evaluation system1 There are many comprehensive evaluation systems for industrial competitiveness1 Locational quotient is an effective way to assess industrial com2 petitiveness by reflecting the industry s specialization,although it is brevity in calculation1 By adding the industry s different locational quotients together according to their weight, a new comprehensive in2 dustrial competitiveness evaluation system is constructed1 Then the industrial competitiveness of manu2 factures in eastern coastal provinces and municipalities in China is evaluated according to the locational quotient2based evaluation system1 The comments on the evaluation result are also proposed correspond2 ingly1 Key words : Industrial competitiveness ; Comparative advantage ; Competitive advantage ; Evaluation method

Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

26 1 2009 1 Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Vol. 26 January No. 1 2009 :100221175 (2009) 0120065207 3 g (, 100101) (2007 12 14 ; 2008 6 3 ) Guo TY. Study on the quantitative